deternmination of water absorption and density of bricks

8/10/2019 Deternmination of Water Absorption and Density of Bricks

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Experiment

Determination of Water Absorption

and

Density of Bricks


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Experiment 3 Student Name:xxxxxx xxxxxxx

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Table of Contents

Objective................................................................................................................................................. 3

APPARATUS......................................................................................................................................... 3

DESIGNATION..................................................................................................................................... 3

SPECIFICATION................................................................................................................................... 3

PROCEDURE......................................................................................................................................... 3

BSERVATION....................................................................................................................................... 4

CALCULATIONS.................................................................................................................................. 4

DISCUSSIONS/OBSERVATIONS ....................................................................................................... 6

CONCLUSIONS..................................................................................................................................... 6

REFERENCES:...................................................................................................................................... 7


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BSERVATION

The measured and average dimensions of the 10 dry bricks are shown below:

Table 1 Dry Bricks Dimensions

Sr.

No.

Number Length(mm)

Width(mm)

Depth(mm)

1 1 217 102 64

2 2 213 101 64

3 3 215 103 63

4 4 214 103 63

5 5 214 102 63

6 6 215 97 62

7 7 214 102 62

8 8 213 101 62

9 9 214 104 65

10 10 213 95 62

11 Mean 214 101 63

12 BS

Value

215 102 65

13 Mean

Diff.

1 1 2

14 Range

Diff.

4 9 3

CALCULATIONS

The water absorption for each of the wet bricks is shown in Table 2, calculated using the

equation:

Absorption =


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Table 2: Weights and Absorption of 2 Sets of 5 Wet Bricks

Number Dry Weight

(kg)

Wet Weight

(kg)

Difference

(kg)

Absorption

(%)

1 2.128 2.320 0.192 9.0

2 2.108 2.348 0.24 11.43 2.127 2.319 0.192 9.0

4 2.127 2.325 0.198 9.3

5 2.129 2.341 0.212 10.0

Average = 9.7

6 2.224 2.388 0.164 7.4

7 2.269 2.480 0.211 9.3

8 2.240 2.330 0.090 4.0

9 2.234 2.395 0.161 7.2

10 2.237 2.354 0.117 5.2

Average = 6.6

The densities of each of the wet bricks are shown in Table 3 and were calculated using

the following formula:

Density =

Table 3: Weights, Dimensions and Densities of 2 sets of 5 wet Bricks

Number Dry weight

(kg)

Dimensions

(m)

Density

(kg/m)1 2.128 0.213 0.100 0.063 1586

2 2.108 0.213 0.100 0.065 1523

3 2.127 0.213 0.100 0.063 1585

4 2.127 0.212 0.100 0.065 1544

5 2.129 0.214 0.100 0.064 1554

Average. Density = 1558

6 2.224 0.214 0.099 0.063 1666

7 2.269 0.218 0.100 0.064 1626

8 2.240 0.210 0.098 0.062 1756

9 2.234 0.215 0.098 0.062 171010 2.237 0.214 0.097 0.062 1738

Average Density = 1699


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DISCUSSIONS/OBSERVATIONS

1. The absorption results of bricks numbered 1 - 5 are relatively close together,

showing a fairly uniform set of bricks. There is a larger variable in bricks 610 of

5.3%however; showing an inconsistent absorption value.

2.

Bricks 6 - 10show an average density of 1699kg/m, with an average absorptionof 6.6%. Bricks 1 5 however show an absorption value of 9.7%, with a lower

density of 1558kg/m; illustrating that a lower absorption correlates with an

increase in density.

3. In BS-3921, Engineering bricks are classed as having maximum water absorption

of 7%.Bricks 6 10show an average absorption of < 7%; thus are engineering

bricks. Bricksnumbered1 - 5 do not fall below 7%, but are under 13.7% and are

therefore common.

4. Although the widths of dry bricks number 6 and 10 are 97mm and 95mm,

respectively, the bricks are in accordance with British Standards BS EN 771-1.T1states that they are in accordance if: the mean of the 10 bricks falls between a

minimum of 209mm and a maximum of 221mm. Furthermore, the range falls with

R1and R2, since the length does not exceed 9 and 4mm, respectively.

5. Regarding the procedure, we did not use nose callipers along the midpoint when

measuring length, width and height, to comply with Standards BS EN 7711for

bricks less than 250 x 125 x 100mm; instead, we relied on a plastic rule.

6. Furthermore, we did not take the height of each brick from 2 points, and calculate

the mean, as per the requirements of BS EN 7711.

7.

Lastly, we did not adopt the standard when measuring using a rule as specified inBS EN 722 16 (measuring along the centre), until prompted by the tutor. This

could have resulted in inaccuracies in measurement of as much as a 2 millimetres,

which would have subsequently altered the final density calculations.

CONCLUSIONS

From the calculations, it appears that an increase in the density of a clay brick results in a

lower water absorption; this would make sense since engineering bricks are dense

materials and are used in areas needed to withstand much water.

8.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank you to xxxx xxxxx for reviewing this report and his subsequent suggestions.


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REFERENCES:

1. British StandardsBS EN 7711 European Standard Specification for Clay

Masonry Units;

2. British StandardsBS 77216: Methods of Tests for Masonry Units;

3.

British StandardsBS3921 Specification for Clay Bricks;4. Test Method: IS: 3495 (P-2) 1992: Water Absorption.

deternmination of water absorption and density of bricks

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