developing continuous-wave raman lasers in solid para -hydrogen and barium nitrate

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Developing Continuous- Wave Raman Lasers in Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate William R. Evans Benjamin J. McCall Takamasa Momose Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign Departments of Chemistry, Astronomy and Physics University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia

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Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate. William R. Evans Benjamin J. McCall Takamasa Momose. Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Departments of Chemistry, Astronomy and Physics - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

William R. Evans

Benjamin J. McCall

Takamasa Momose

Department of PhysicsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Departments of Chemistry, Astronomy and PhysicsUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Department of ChemistryThe University of British Columbia

Page 2: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Eventual Goal: Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Many Attractive Targets in 5 – 10 μm Range

Animation from Joel Bowman, Emory University

C60

C3H3+

CH5+

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 2

Page 3: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Eventual Goal: Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Many Attractive Targets in 5 – 10 μm Range Few Available Widely-Tunable Laser Sources

Want sub-MHz resolution Necessitates cw sources

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 3

Page 4: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Eventual Goal: Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Many Attractive Targets in 5 – 10 μm Range Few Available Widely-Tunable Laser Sources Stimulated Raman Scattering

Shifting a near-infrared laser into the mid-infrared

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 4

Page 5: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Brief Review of Raman Scattering Pump photon scatters inelastically with an atom

Redshifted to a “Stokes” photon.

22 June 2012 5

Page 6: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Stimulated Raman Scattering Two-photon process Incoming Stokes stimulates transition Outgoing photons emitted coherently

22 June 2012 6

Page 7: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Stimulated Raman Scattering Optical cavity enhances process

22 June 2012 7

Page 8: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Stimulated Raman Scattering Optical cavity enhances process Collect either:

Just Stokes Radiation

22 June 2012 8

Page 9: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Stimulated Raman Scattering Optical cavity enhances process Collect either:

Just Stokes Radiation Both Pump and Stokes Radiation

22 June 2012 9

Page 10: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Key Criterion: Threshold Pump Power

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 10

Page 11: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Key Criterion: Threshold Pump Power

Want: Ultra-narrow linewidth

Need cw laser Not high complexity

Lower finesse cavity

Challenges: CW pump lasers have

lower maximum power Lower finesse cavity

means less power buildup in the cavity

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 11

Page 12: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Key Criterion: Threshold Pump Power

How we are going to achieve lasing: Need high Raman gain coefficient

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 12

Page 13: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 13

Page 14: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of 100 nm to 10 μm

M. Fushitani, S. Kuma, Y. Miyamoto, H. Katsuki, T. Wakabayashi, T. Momose, and A.F. Vilesov, Optics Letters, 28, 1, 37 (2003)M. Mengel, B.P. Winnewisser, and M. Winnewisser, Canadian Journal of Physics, 78, 317 (2000)

Page 15: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of 100 nm to 10 μm Huge Raman gain

18,000 cm/GW Compare:

2.5 cm/GW for gaseous hydrogen 47 cm/GW for Ba(NO3)2

M. Fushitani, S. Kuma, Y. Miyamoto, H. Katsuki, T. Wakabayashi, T. Momose, and A.F. Vilesov, Optics Letters, 28, 1, 37 (2003)M. Mengel, B.P. Winnewisser, and M. Winnewisser, Canadian Journal of Physics, 78, 317 (2000)

Page 16: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of

100 nm to 10 μm Huge Raman gain

18,000 cm/GW Enormous frequency shift

4149.7 cm-1 in solid

http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 16

Page 17: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of

100 nm to 10 μm Huge Raman gain

18,000 cm/GW Enormous frequency shift

4149.7 cm-1 in solid

Well-established as a Raman medium

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 17

Page 18: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of

100 nm to 10 μm Huge Raman gain

18,000 cm/GW Enormous frequency shift

4149.7 cm-1 in solid

Well-established as a Raman medium Highest Raman gain of any room-temp crystal

47 cm/GW

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 18

Page 19: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Options: Solid para-Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate Transparent for most of

100 nm to 10 μm Huge Raman gain

18,000 cm/GW Enormous frequency shift

4149.7 cm-1 in solid

Well-established as a Raman medium Highest Raman gain of any room-temp crystal

47 cm/GW Frequency shift of

1047 cm–1

http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 19

Page 20: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Long-Range Goal: Fully-optimized

solid para-hydrogen cw Raman laser tunable between 5 and 10 μm Achievable by pumping with the signal beam from

a cw OPO which is tunable from 1.6 to 1.9 μm Threshold pump power can be minimized by

using actively-locked doubly-resonant high-finesse optical cavity

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 20

Page 21: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Barium Nitrate is a Natural Preparatory Project Despite its obvious promise, solid para-hydrogen

has never been used as a cw Raman shifter. Constructing an actively-locked doubly-resonant

cavity involves some technical complexity that we want to separate from the complexity involved in making a cryogenic crystal.

Barium nitrate is a natural preparatory project. An actively-locked doubly-resonant

barium nitrate Raman shifter has never been constructed.

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 21

Page 22: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 22

Page 23: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 23

Page 24: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu

Page 25: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Dye Laser

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 25

Page 26: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Dye Laser

Coherent 899 Dye Ring Laser22 June 2012

Page 27: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 27

Page 28: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

22 June 2012

Page 29: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 29

Page 30: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

EOM

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 30

Page 31: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

EOM

New Focus Model 4001 Electro-Optic Phase Modulator22 June 2012

Page 32: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

EOM

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 32

Page 33: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

EOM

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 33

Page 34: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Locking Electronics

EOM

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 34

Page 35: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Locking Electronics

EOM

CavityTransmission

Error Signal

22 June 2012

Page 36: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Locking Electronics

PZT

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 36

Page 37: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Locking Electronics

PZT

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu

Page 38: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Locking Electronics

AOM

¼ λ

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 38

Page 39: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

AOM

¼ λLocking

Electronics

Brimrose EM-85-2-1064 Acousto-Optic Modulator

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 39

Page 40: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 40

Page 41: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Dye Laser

Dry N2 Purge Box

Ba(NO3)2 Crystal

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Cryostat

Solid p-H2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 41

Page 42: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

Pump Laser

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Cryostat

Solid p-H2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 42

Page 43: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Continuous-Wave Solid para-Hydrogen Raman Laser

Pump Laser

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Cryostat

Solid p-H2 Crystal

First Actively-Locked Doubly-Resonant Barium Nitrate Raman Laser

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 43

Page 44: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

AOM

¼ λ

First Continuous-Wave Solid para-Hydrogen Raman Laser

Pump Laser

PZT

EOM

Locking Electronics

Cryostat

Solid p-H2 Crystal

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 44

Page 45: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Summary Solid para-hydrogen is an attractive medium

for use in stimulated Raman scattering. A solid para-hydrogen Raman laser pumped

by a cw OPO can cover the 5 – 10 μm portion of the spectrum.

We are constructing the first actively-locked doubly-resonant barium nitrate Raman laser in the visible in preparation for building this system.

22 June 2012 http://bjm.scs.illinois.edu 45

Page 46: Developing Continuous-Wave Raman Lasers in Solid  para -Hydrogen and Barium Nitrate

Acknowledgments McCall Research

Group Steve

Kregel Preston

Buscay Heather

Hanson Kristin

Evans

The McCall Research Grouphttp://bjm.scs.illinois.edu