developing two-and three-phase relative permeability...
TRANSCRIPT
Developing Two- and Three-Phase Relative Permeability
Correlations for Heavy oil systems (Experimental and
Theoretical Studies)
Ostap Zarivnyy M.Sc.
Farshid Torabi, Ph.D., P.Eng.,
University of Regina, Canada
Oct. 2011
Agenda
�Introduction
�Experimental Procedure
�Results
�Correlations
�Conclusions
�Recommendations
Introduction
* Dandecar, Abhijit T.: “Petroleum Reservoir Rock and Fluid Properties”, (2006).
Objectives of this study:
I.To perform a series of relative permeability tests using light, medium, and heavy oil samples
II.Check the validity of existing relative permeability models whenused for heavy oil systems
III.Find the effect of key parameters (temperature, pressure, rock permeability, connate water saturation,…) on the relative permeability of all three phases (gas, water, and oil) in a multiphase system
IV.If possible, develop new series of correlations mainly for heavy oil systems and include the affecting parameters
Experimental Procedure
Schematic of experimental setup
1. Personal computer (PC) to collect data; 2. TEMCO core holder; 3. Pressure transducer; 4. Backup pressure regulator;
5. Temperature controller; 6. Flow meter; 7. Separator; 8. Nitrogen cylinder; 9. Overburden pump; 10. Transfer cylinder;
11. Syringe pump
Experimental Procedure
Photograph of experimental setup
Experimental Procedure
Experimental Procedure
Photograph of experimental core
Unused
Cleaned
Experimental Procedure
*G: Gas, O: Oil, W: Water, 250: pressure in psi. 0.2, 0.4, 11 and 22: flow rate, ml/min, 27 and 45: temperature in
°C.
Two-phase flow experimental matrix
Experimental Procedure
*G: Gas, O: Oil, W: Water, 250: pressure in psi. 0.2, 0.4, 11 and 22: flow rate, ml/min, 27 and 45: temperature in °C
Three-phase flow experimental matrix
Results
Effect of pressure on two-phase flow
Water-oil system Gas-oil system
Gas-water system
Results
Effect of pressure on three-phase flow
Oil relative permeability Water relative permeability
Gas relative permeability
Results
Effect of temperature on two-phase flow
Water-oil system Gas-oil system
Gas-water system
Results
Effect of temperature on three-phase flow
Oil relative permeability Water relative permeability
Gas relative permeability
Results
Effect of flow rate on two-phase flow
Water-oil system Gas-oil system
Gas-water system
Results
Effect of flow rate on three-phase flow
Oil relative permeability Water relative permeability
Gas relative permeability
Results
Effect of oil viscosity on two-phase flow
Water-oil system Gas-oil system
* - real value is multiplied by 100
to show visual effect of oil viscosity
Correlations
is base viscosity of displaced fluid (oil);
is reservoir pressure, equal to average
reservoir pressure in typical Canadian oil
reservoirs;
is optimal injection flow rate for the system
is average water saturation
are normalized water and oil saturations&
Correlations
Developing two-phase correlations: W-O 250-0.2-27
(Base case )
Water relative permeability correlation Oil relative permeability correlation
Correlations
Developing two-phase correlations: W-O 500-0.2-27
Water relative permeability correlation Oil relative permeability correlation
Correlations
- Effect of flow rate (W-O 250-0.4-27)
Developing two-phase correlations:
- Effect of viscosity (W-LO 250-0.2-27)
Correlations
Correlations for a Gas-Oil System
Correlations for Gas-Water System
Correlations
Developing three-phase correlations:
Oil relative permeability correlation W-O-G 250-11-27 Oil relative permeability correlation W-O-G 500-11-27
Correlations
Correlations
Stone’s I Type Correlation
multipliers, dimensionless;
is oil normalized saturation, fraction;
is minimum oil saturation, fraction.
&
where:
Conclusions
The following specific conclusions can be made: (Phase-I of this study)
•Pressure has a negligible effect on oil relative permeability for a
water-oil system. For a gas-oil system, oil relative permeability
increased slightly with pressure, while gas relative permeability was
2.7 to 4 times higher when the pressure was doubled.
•Relative permeabilities of both water and oil increased with an
increase in system temperature; with oil relative permeability showing
a more pronounced effect. In contrast for a three-phase system, a
higher temperature caused an increase in water and gas relative
permeability, while a negligible effect on oil relative permeability.
Conclusions
• Higher injection rates resulted in higher oil relative permeability,
but lower water relative permeability in a two-phase system; this
could be due to in-situ emulsion formation.
• For the light oil system, both oil and water relative permeability
curves were shifted to the right compared to the heavy oil
system. The light oil system exhibited a higher connate water
saturation and reduced residual oil saturation.
• For the gas-light oil system, gas relative permeability increased
nearly 500 times compared to the gas-heavy oil system.
Phase-II of this Study• Continue investigating the effect of other parameters and include
new ones (absolute permeability, wettability, slug size,…) with respect to two- and three-phase relative permeability and extend their range to cover the vast majority of light and heavy oil reservoirs.
• Improve the developed correlations by using more relative permeability data points from new experiments.
• Run similar experiments using the steady-state technique and compare the results to those obtained in the study, and address the reliability of each model.
• Examine the newly developed correlations by using them in the history matching process in simulation of a field study
Acknowledgements
Thank you for your attention!
Developing Two- and Three-Phase Relative Permeability
Correlations for Heavy oil systems (Experimental and
Theoretical Studies)