developing water conserving cooling options for...
TRANSCRIPT
Kent ZammitSr. Program Manager
Sean Bushart/Jessica Shi/Jose MarasiganSr. Program/Project Managers
EUEC ConferenceFebruary 1, 2011
Developing Water Conserving Cooling Options for Existing and New Power
Generation Plants
2© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technology Innovation Water Conservation Program Overview and Objective• Initiated in early 2011• Funded by EPRI Office of Technology Innovation• Collaborated by three EPRI Sectors (Nuclear,
Generation, and Environment)• Broadly distributed Request for Information (RFI) to
solicit top technologies for development in Feb 2011
Objective
Seek and develop “out of the box”, game changing, early stage, and high risk cooling ideas and technologies with high potential for water conservation, performance, and financial improvements to members.
3© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Received More Than 70 RFI Responses
• Many respondents never worked with power industry
• Second RFI will start later this year
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Project 1: Replacing Cooling Tower and Steam Condenser with Green Chillers
• Cooling – Consumption: Water ~200 to 700
gal/MWh• Steam condensation temperature
– 100 °F
Present
Typical 500 MW Power Plant Cooling System.
Innovative ApproachGreen Chiller
Replace the cooling tower and steam condenser with green chillers.
Pros: • Evaporative cooling
Significantly higher heat removal rate than convective water cooling
• Closed loop cooling systemNear Zero water use and consumption
• Reduced condensation temperature As low as 50 °FPotential for increased power production
http://www.greenchiller.biz/
Waste HeatCold Air
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Project 2: Advanced Fill to Enable Dew Point Cooling
Present FillWet Cooling Towers
– Water Consumption: ~200 to 700 gal/MWh– Evaporative and drift Loss: ~2/3 of
consumption– Cooled through cooling tower from 110 °F to
85 °F
Innovation: Advanced Fill• Cooling Water
– Consumption: Potential for 20% less evaporative loss
– Hot water cooled through cooling tower from 110 °F to 55 °F
– Lower steam condensation temperature potential
– More power production potential
6© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Project 3: Thermosyphon Cooler
Innovation: Thermosyphon Cooler• Cooling Water Consumption:
More than 50% less annual evaporative lossMore than 50% annual makeup water use reduction
• In cold weather:Hot water cooled through cooling tower to lower than 85 °F if desirable
• Lower steam condensation temperature potential• More power production potential
PresentWet Cooling Towers
– Water Consumption: ~200 to 700 gal/MWh– Evaporative and drift Loss: ~2/3 of
consumption– Cooled through cooling tower from 110 °F to
85 °F
The thermosyphon cooler cools the hot coolant before the evaporative cooling in the cooling tower
7© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Cooling Tower Steam
Condenser
Cool Water
Warm Water
Blo
wdo
wn
Mak
e-up
Wat
er
Evaporation & Drift
Breakthrough Technology Project:Heat Absorption Nanoparticles in Coolant
Innovation Benefits• Cooling Water Consumption:
20% less evaporative loss potentialLess drift Loss20% makeup water reduction potential
• NanoparticlesEnhanced cooling fluid thermal propertiesEase of retrofitting/Broad application
Phase Change Material (PCM) Core/Metal Shell Nano-particles added
into the coolant.
Nanoparticles with Heat Absorption Cores -Argonne National Laboratory • Particles provide increased surface tension/ heat of vaporization as well as increased heat capacitance of fluid • EPRI project will evaluate the concept of adding the Nanoparticles to power plant coolant to reduce evaporative loss
8© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Summary and Future Activities
2011- Water Innovation Program Launch• Scouting through outreach to researchers, technology reviews
and Request for Information (RFI)• Received > 70 responses; Initializing five selected projects
2012- Expand Technology Innovation Activities• RFI Round 2
• New scouting focus on water treatment • Visits with key researchers• EPRI workshop on Water Treatment and Cooling Innovation
Strategic Industry Opportunity: Efficient electric technologies for water treatment, transport, and industrial processes can reduce
water demand and conserve electricity
10© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Advanced Cooling Technologies Project
Recent Deliverables• Technical Report 1024710,
Hybrid Cooling System; Technology Overview, November 2011
• Technical Update 1024495,Cooling Requirements and Water Use Impacts of Advanced Coal-fired Power Plants with CO2 Capture, December 2011
• Technical Update 1024805, Economic Evaluation of Alternative Cooling Technologies, January 2012
• Hybrid Steam Condensing System Optimization Tool, Final Software Version due March 2012
11© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Potential ACT Projects to Support
• Corrosion Mechanisms in Air Cooled Condensers• Nano and Micro Structured Features to Promote Drop-
wise Condensation• Dual Coil Closed Circuit Cooler Technology• Wind Effects on Air-Cooled Condensers• Field Pilots of Thermosyphon Coolers
12© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Corrosion Mechanisms in Air Cooled Condensers
Objectives and Scope• Research the corrosion mechanisms in
the ACC– Develop control techniques to
manage – Mitigate corrosion
• Reduce impact of deposition• Quantify benefits of advanced
technologies
Value• Improve performance and reduce
damage and reduce O&M cost• Increase component life and reliability
Improved Understanding and Control of Corrosion in ACC’s
13© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Nano and Micro Structured Features to Promote Drop-wise Condensation
Objectives and Scope• Improve the efficiency of the
steam condensation process• Determine potential for lowering
turbine back-pressure• Development of an economical
and durable mechanism to promote higher drop-wise condensation efficiency
Value• Less water used for cooling• Increase power generation
efficiency
Improve cooling water efficiency for steam condensation
14© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Dual Coil Closed Circuit Cooler Technology
Objectives and Scope• Evaluation of new hybrid wet/dry
cooling technologies• Improve efficiency of both
sensible and latent heat transfer• Development of an economical
and durable cooling process without the air side pressure drop increase
Value• Less water used for cooling• Plume abatement• Smaller footprint than ACCs or
other hybrid cooling designs
Evaluation of new hybrid cooling technologies
15© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Wind Effects on Air-Cooled Condensers
Objectives and Scope• Evaluation of new design to
mitigate wind effect on ACC performance
• Continue work in wind models and sheer effect testing to optimize modifications
Value• Improve plant performance and
availability• Reduce hub and blade damage
caused by increased sheer forces
• Improve reliability and safety
Improve ACC performance, reduce blade and hub failures
16© 2012 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Next ACT Project Meeting
• Scottsdale Resort & Conference Center
• Tuesday, February 21, 2012• Meeting agenda items
include:– Demonstration of Hybrid
Steam Condensing System Optimization Tool
– Review of specific ACT projects funded in 2012
– Identify additional ACT projects to support