development of an oral vaccine against candidiasis using

1
Seiji SHIBASAKI 1 , Mitsuyoshi UEDA 2 1 Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan, 2 Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Introduction Candidiasis is one of serious infec.ous disease caused by the virulent fungus Candida albicans and other Candida species [1]. Pharmacotherapy of candidiasis o=en involves the administra.on of amphotericin B, caspofungin and micafungin. Unfortunately, several mutants of Candida with reduced suscep.bility to these drugs have emerged [2]. Preven.on of infec.on by vaccina.on against Candida species is important strategy in efforts to control candidiasis. Recently, we have developed the molecular display technology, which uses gene.cally engineered microorganisms to produce foreign proteins on their surface [3]. The use of molecular display to prepare target proteins is well established for use with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We present that the an.gens displayed on yeast generated using molecular display technology offer a novel type of oral vaccine against candidiasis. The enolase 1 protein (Eno1p) from C. albicans was selected as the model an.genic protein to be displayed on the surfaces of S. cerevisiae cells [4, 5]. (1) Molecular display of Eno1p on yeast cell surface The fragment of the gene encoding ENO1 was inserted into pULD1 plasmid that had been digested with NotI and XhoI. Eno1p coding sequence was fused to 5’end of the cell wall anchoring protein, αagglu.nin, coding sequence in the plasmid. (2) Oral administra.on of yeast displaying Eno1p Female C57BL/6 (7 w) mice were used for oral immuniza.on experiments. A suspension of S. cerevisiae cells displaying Eno1p on the surfaces (1.6 × 10 9 cells/400 ml) were administered to ten mice per dose at weeks 0, 1, and 3 and at week 7. The host strain of S. cerevisiae was used as a control. All inoculums were suspended in PBS (400 μL) and administered via an intragastric tube a=er 2 h of fas.ng, once per day for 5 days per week. Blood samples were taken at week 9 to determine the .ter of serum IgG. For survival studies, mice were infected with 1.1 × 10 5 cells of C. albicans resuspended in 100 μl PBS by tailvein injec.on 2 weeks a=er the last immuniza.on. Materials and Methods Results Conclusions A vaccine produced using molecular display technology avoids the need for protein purifica.on. This oral vaccine offers a promising alterna.ve to the use of conven.onal and injectable vaccines for preven.ng a range of infec.ous diseases. References [1] Nucci M & Marr KA (2005) Clin. Infect. Dis. 41: 521–526. [2] Rodloff C, Koch D & Schaumann R (2011) Eur. J. Med. Res. 16: 187–195. [3] Shibasaki S & Ueda M (2010) Recent Pat. Biotechnol. 4: 198213. [4] Shibasaki S, Aoki W, Nomura T, Miyoshi A, Tafuku S, Sewaki T & Ueda M (2013) Pathog. Dis. 69: 262268. [5] Shibasaki S, Aoki W & Ueda M (2013) Yakugaku Zasshi. 133: 11451151. Development of an oral vaccine against candidiasis using molecular display technology 10μm B C A D Fig. 1. Fluorescence micrographs (1) Construc.on of Eno1p displayed yeast cell Fig. 2. Evalua.on of surface display of Eno1p on yeast cells Fig. 4. Survival ra.o of vaccinated mice a=er challenge of C. albicans Fig. 3. An.body response in administra.on of yeast cells (2) Oral administra.on of yeast This study shows that the only availability of a DNA sequenceencoding the an.genic protein is needed to produce oral vaccine based on molecular display technology. Eno1pdisplaying yeast Administra.on + C. albicans Examina.on of survival rate + pULD1 Yeast cell C. albicans genome DNA PCR Gene.cally engineered cells were stained with IgG labeled with Alexa488 (Fig.1). Fluorescent stained cells were analyzed to evaluate surface display quan.ta.vely (Fig.2). An an.body response in oral administra.on was measured by ELISA (Fig.3). Survival rates were evaluated for vaccinated and control mice a=er challenge of C. albicans (Fig. 4).

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Page 1: Development of an oral vaccine against candidiasis using

Seiji SHIBASAKI1, Mitsuyoshi UEDA2

1Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan, 2Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Introduction       Candidiasis   is   one   of   serious   infec.ous   disease   caused   by   the   virulent   fungus  Candida   albicans   and   other   Candida   species   [1].   Pharmacotherapy   of   candidiasis  o=en   involves   the   administra.on  of   amphotericin  B,   caspofungin   and  micafungin.  Unfortunately,   several   mutants   of   Candida   with   reduced   suscep.bility   to   these  drugs   have   emerged   [2].   Preven.on   of   infec.on   by   vaccina.on   against   Candida  species  is  important  strategy  in  efforts  to  control  candidiasis.           Recently,   we   have   developed   the   molecular   display   technology,   which   uses  gene.cally  engineered  microorganisms  to  produce  foreign  proteins  on  their  surface  [3].  The  use  of  molecular  display   to  prepare  target  proteins   is  well  established   for  use   with   the   yeast   Saccharomyces   cerevisiae.   We   present   that   the   an.gens  displayed  on  yeast  generated  using  molecular  display  technology  offer  a  novel  type  of  oral  vaccine  against  candidiasis.  The  enolase  1  protein  (Eno1p)  from  C.  albicans  was   selected  as   the  model  an.genic  protein   to  be  displayed  on   the   surfaces  of  S.  cerevisiae  cells  [4,  5].  

(1)  Molecular  display  of  Eno1p  on  yeast  cell  surface  The  fragment  of  the  gene  encoding  ENO1  was  inserted  into  pULD1  plasmid  that  had  been  digested  with  NotI  and  XhoI.  Eno1p  coding  sequence  was  fused  to  5’-­‐end  of  the  cell  wall  anchoring  protein,    α-­‐agglu.nin,  coding  sequence  in  the  plasmid.  

(2)  Oral  administra.on  of  yeast  displaying  Eno1p  Female  C57BL/6  (7  w)  mice  were  used  for  oral  immuniza.on  experiments.  A  suspension  of  S.  cerevisiae  cells  displaying  Eno1p  on  the  surfaces  (1.6  ×  109  cells/400  ml)  were  administered  to  ten  mice  per  dose  at  weeks  0,  1,  and  3  and  at  week  7.  The  host  strain  of    S.  cerevisiae  was  used  as  a  control.  All  inoculums  were  suspended  in  PBS  (400  μL)  and  administered  via  an  intragastric  tube  a=er  2  h  of  fas.ng,  once  per  day  for  5  days  per  week.  Blood  samples  were  taken  at  week  9  to  determine  the  .ter  of  serum  IgG.  For  survival  studies,  mice  were  infected  with  1.1  ×  105  cells  of  C.  albicans  resuspended  in  100  μl  PBS  by  tail-­‐vein  injec.on  2  weeks  a=er  the  last  immuniza.on.  

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusions

    A   vaccine   produced   using   molecular   display  technology   avoids   the   need   for   protein  purifica.on.   This   oral   vaccine   offers   a   promising  alterna.ve   to   the   use   of   conven.onal   and  injectable   vaccines   for   preven.ng   a   range   of  infec.ous  diseases.  

References [1]  Nucci  M  &  Marr  KA  (2005)  Clin.  Infect.  Dis.  41:  521–526.  [2]  Rodloff  C,  Koch  D  &  Schaumann  R  (2011)  Eur.  J.  Med.  Res.  16:  187–195. [3]  Shibasaki  S  &  Ueda  M  (2010)  Recent  Pat.  Biotechnol.  4:  198-­‐213.  [4]  Shibasaki  S,  Aoki  W,  Nomura  T,  Miyoshi  A,  Tafuku  S,  Sewaki  T  &  Ueda  M  (2013)  Pathog.  Dis.  69:  262-­‐268.  [5]  Shibasaki  S,  Aoki  W  &  Ueda  M  (2013)  Yakugaku  Zasshi.  133:  1145-­‐1151.  

Development of an oral vaccine against candidiasis using molecular display technology

10μm  

B

C

A

D

Fig.  1.  Fluorescence  micrographs

(1)  Construc.on  of  Eno1p-­‐displayed  yeast  cell  

Fig.  2.  Evalua.on  of  surface  display  of  Eno1p  on  yeast  cells

Fig.  4.  Survival  ra.o  of  vaccinated  mice  a=er  challenge  of  C.  albicans

Fig.  3.  An.body  response  in  administra.on  of  yeast  cells

(2)  Oral  administra.on  of  yeast

     This  study  shows  that  the  only  availability  of  a  DNA  sequence-­‐encoding  the  an.genic  protein  is  needed  to  produce  oral  vaccine  based  on  molecular  display  technology.  

Eno1p-­‐displaying  yeast

Administra.on +  C.  albicans Examina.on  of  survival  rate

+  pULD1 Yeast  cell

C.  albicans  genome  DNA

PCR

   Gene.cally  engineered  cells  were  stained  with  IgG  labeled  with  Alexa-­‐488  (Fig.1).                  Fluorescent  stained  cells  were  analyzed  to  evaluate  surface  display  quan.ta.vely  (Fig.2).

   An  an.body  response  in  oral  administra.on  was  measured  by  ELISA  (Fig.3).        Survival  rates  were  evaluated  for  vaccinated  and  control  mice  a=er  challenge  of  C.  albicans  (Fig.  4).