development of c++ program for storing and reading of information about a group of students

7/31/2019 Development of C++ Program for Storing and Reading of Information About a Group of Students

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NAME: SAMSON OLUWASEUN FADIYA

DEPARTMENT: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

COURSE CODE & NAME: COSC 511 ADVANCED

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

TITLE: Development of C++ program for storing and reading of

information about a group of students.

SUBMITTED TO: PROFESSOR ALEXANDER KOSTIN


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Chapter1 - Introduction

A program typically kinds of data communication: Data transfer between the

console unit and the program. Data transfer between the program and a diskfile. The input/output system of C++ handles file operations which are very

much similar to the console input and output operations. It uses file streams

as an interface between the programs and the files. The stream that

supplies data to the program is known as input stream and the one that

receives data from the program is known as output stream. In other words,

the input stream extracts or reads data from the file and the output stream

inserts or writes data to the file.

The purpose of this project is to develop a C++ program for storing and

reading of information about a group of students.


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Chapter2 General Information about File operations in C++

2.1 Data Flows

Scores Students ID e.g. Students

names Detail

2.2 - Files and Operation in C++

File processing in C++ is performed using the fstream class. Unlike

theFILEstructure, fstream is a complete C++ class with constructors, a

destructor and overloaded operators [2].

To perform file processing, you can declare an instance of an

fstream object. If you do not yet know the name of the file you want to

process, you can use the default constructor.

Unlike the FILE structure, the fstream class provides two distinct classes

for file processing. One is used to write to a file and the other is used to read

from a file.

2.3 - How to Open a File

Another operation you can perform consists of opening an already existing

file to have access to its contents. To do this, C++ providesthe ifstream class. The ifstream class provides various constructors youcan use, two of which are particularly important [2]. If you have enough

Students

Records

1

Check

options/enter

&

Browse files contents
http://www.functionx.com/cpp/articles/cfileprocessing.htmhttp://www.functionx.com/cpp/articles/cfileprocessing.htmhttp://www.functionx.com/cpp/articles/cfileprocessing.htmhttp://www.functionx.com/cpp/articles/cfileprocessing.htm


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information about the file you want to open, you can use the following

constructor:ifstream (const char* FileName, int FileMode);

The first argument of the constructor, FileName, is a constant string that

represents the file that you want to open. The FileMode argument is anatural number that follows the table of modes as we described above.

If necessary, you can also declare an empty instance of the ifstream classusing the default constructor:ifstream();

After declaring this constructor, you can use the ifstream open() methodto formally open the intended file. The syntax of the open() method is:

open(const char* FileName, int FileMode);

This method uses the same arguments as the above constructor. By default,

when declaring an instance of the ifstream class, it is assumed that youwant to open a file; that is, you want to use the FileMode attribute with a

value ofios in. Therefore, the second argument is already set to iosin value. This allows you to call the open() method [1].

2.4 - How to Create a File

To create a new file, open an existing file, or save a file, you use the fopen()function. Its syntax is:

FILE *fopen(const char *FileName, const char *Mode);

The first argument, FileName, must be a valid name of a file. If the user is

creating or saving a new file, you can let him specify the name of the file,following the rules of the operating system. If the user is opening an existingfile, you can make sure the file really exists, retrieve its name and pass it tothe fopen() function [1].

Because the fopen() function is used to save a new file, to open an existingone, or to save a file that was only modified, the second argument, Mode,

actually allows you to decide what operation the function will be used toperform.

The function seekg() will put the inside-pointer to a specific place (specifiedby you). You can use:

ios beg - to put it in the beginning of the file

ios end - to put it at the end of the file


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or you can also set the number of characters to go back or after [3]. For

example, if you want to go 5 characters back, you should write:

File.seekg(-5);

2.5 Typical Operations

According to Table1 below, when processing a file, you will typically specify

the type of operation you want to perform. The operation is specified using

what is referred to as a file mode. It can be one of the following:

Table1: List of main file operations

Name Description

ios in Open file to read

ios out Open file to write

ios appAll the date you write, is put at the end of the file. It callsios::out

ios ateAll the date you write, is put at the end of the file. It does notcall ios::out

ios trunc Deletes all previous content in the file. (empties the file)

ios nocreateIf the file does not exists, opening it with the open() function

gets impossible.

iosnoreplace

If the file exists, trying to open it with the open() function,returns an error.

ios binary Opens the file in binary mode.


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CHAPTER3- Source Text & Explanations

3.1 Purpose and user interface of the program

The purpose of this program, it will ask from the user each group of studentsand their basic information e.g. student number, name, groupno, GPA,

faculty, department and date of entry.

The screen shot below figure1; shows the main menu of the program on the

command line interface, which display 5 option for the user to choose from,

the option one, prompt the user to enter detail of the student as they comes

one after the other by the press of command Enteron the keyboard and

follow by the rest of other program options on the main menu.

Figure1


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3.2 Flowchart of the program and its description

This flowchart diagram simply shows the step-by-step nature of a process,

complete with the decision making that the process might involve.

Figure2; (Using smart draw software)


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3.3 Source text and its explanation

The structure of the program is shown in figure2. this program source text is

well detailed, The library and its hierarchy of classes is split in different files:

declares the objects used to communicate through the standard

input and output (including cin and cout). defines the file stream

classes (like the template basic_ifstream or the class ofstream) as well as

the internal buffer objects used with these (basic_filebuf). These classes are

used to manipulate files using streams. : The classes defined in

this file are used to manipulate string objects as if they were streams.

Using function like void and bool to structure our programs in a more

modular way will be necessary, since void point to any variable that is not

declared with the const keyword while bool give boolean functions namesthat sound like yes/no questions in the program source text.

#include#include#include#include#include

/*using the name spaces in the header files, The C++ Standard providesnamespace facilities to provide greater control over the scope of names*/

usingnamespace std;

/*Void is a value of a function type that means nothing is returned.So, theaddress placed in a pointer must have the same type as the pointer. Variablesloops repeat until a certain condition is met.*/

bool checkIsFile();void addUser(string e[][7], int num);void displayUsers(string e[][7], int num);void deleteUser(string e[][7], int num);void readFromFile(string x[][7]);void breakArray(string x[], string y[][7], int num);

bool studentExists(string x[], int y, string search);void findUser(string x[], string y[],string z[], string a[],string t[],string c[], string d[]);void sortArray(string e[][7]);int findRowNumber();int convertInt(string acc);char cont();

int main(){


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int option;int acc;char c;string stu[1000][7];string student[1000], groupno[1000],name[1000],faculty[1000], department[1000], gpa[1000],dateintake[1000];

//infinite loopdo{

system("cls");cout


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{return 0;

}else{

cout


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inFile.open("info.csv");

//add the details to filefor(int i=0;i


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istringstream linestream(line);string item;int itemnum = 0;while (getline (linestream, item, ',')){

x[linenum][itemnum] = item;itemnum++;

}linenum++;}inFile.close();

}}

//allocates individual detailsvoid breakArray(string x[], string y[][7], int num){

for(int i=0;i


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"Name:\t\t" + y[i]


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void sortArray(string e[][7]){

string temp1,temp2,temp3,temp4,temp5,temp6,temp7;

for(int i=0;i


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int convertInt(string acc){

int intReturn;intReturn = atoi(acc.c_str());

return intReturn;}


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Chapter 4 - Implementation

The screen shots capture from the programs, following the running codes in

each stages of testing;

Main menu with the options which prompt the user to the exact location of

work to do.


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The first option is choosen and prompt the user to enter the student details.


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This option allows the user to browse through the contents store on the

bufferstream and prompt the user to go back to the main menu to select

more options.


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This option search by the students Id, if not available it prompt the user to

go back to the main menu by issuing a certain command embedded in thecodes.


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This options display the information about the system administrator.


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Chapter 5 - Conclusion

In conclusion, file handling is an important part of all programs. Most of the

applications will have their own features to save some data to the local diskand read data from the disk again. C++ File I/O classes simplify such file

read/write operations for the programmer by providing easier to use classes.

File input and output are typically achieved by using an object of one of the

classes: ifstream for reading input only, ofstream for writing output only and

fstream for reading and writing from/to one file. All three classes are defined

in . Throughout this page, the term "file stream" will be used

when referring to features that apply equally to all three classes mentioned.

The file stream classes are designed with the idea that a file should simplybe viewed as a stream or array of uninterrupted bytes. For convenience, the

"array" of bytes stored in a file, where it create and manage the memory

and the address of that memory when pass in parameters. The above

example shows the use of a local variable to hold the results returned.


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Reference

[1] Bjarne Stroustrup (December 25, 2008). Programming: Principles and Practice Using

C++ . USA: Addison-Wesley Professional. 1272.

[2] Ray Lischner (April 1, 2003). C++ in a Nutshell. London: O'Reilly Media.704.

[3] Stephen Prata (November 25, 2004). C++ Primer Plus . 5th ed. London: Sams. 1224.

[4] cplusplus. (2000-2010). IOstream Library. Available: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/iostream/.

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