development of materials for calcium looping …€¦ · outline motivation: potential applications...
TRANSCRIPT
DEVELOPMENT OF
MATERIALS FOR CALCIUM
LOOPING GASIFICATION
Bo Feng School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering,
The University of Queensland,
St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
Phone: 61 7 3346 9193, Email: [email protected]
Outline Motivation: Potential applications of Calcium Looping for hydrogen
production from coal and natural gas
Materials: CO2 adsorbing materials (CAM) for calcium looping
gasification of coal and natural gas
Research plan and progress: from year 2010-2013.
Goal: highly effective CAMs for calcium looping gasification
applications ready by 2013.
Oxyfuel
Motivation: Calcium Looping Technology - Why calcium looping for CO2 capture?
CO
2 c
aptu
re c
ost
$100/tonne
$20/tonne
1G Solvents
2G Solvents
Ionic Liquids
Calcium
Looping
Lab Theory Pilot Commercial
Application: Calcium Looping Gasification - Hydrogen production from coal or natural gas
Higher Plant
efficiency
>95 % CO2
capture
CO2 adsorbing material
CAM+CO2->CAM-CO2
CAM-CO2->CAM+CO2
Examples
HyPr-RING
ZECA
Sorption enhanced SMR
CAM critical!
• The CO2 adsorbing materials (CAM1) must meet the
following criteria for high temperature applications – high selectivity and adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide
– adequate adsorption/desorption kinetics for carbon dioxide
– good regenerability or easy to regenerate for re-use
– good reversibility or stable performance over cycles
– adequate mechanical strength and attrition resistance
Identification of candidates Screening of candidates
Solving problems of candidates Product design and formulation
Product mass production Final products Testing of products
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Development of UQ-CAM1
UQ-CAM1 products!
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Research Plan and Current Progress
Identification of candidates Screening of candidates
Solving problems of candidates Product design and formulation
Product mass production Naked particle
Core-in-shell particle
Cheapest product
Best performance product Testing of products under
realistic gasification conditions
Testing of materials in real
gasifiers or reformers
completed on-going
planned
2009-2010
2010-
2011
2011-
2012
Before
2009
Ready for use in demonstration plant 2013
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Designed 3 products for CaLG
UQ-CAM1A
For Coal Gasification UQ-CAM1B, CAM1C
For Natural Gas Reforming
Active
core /
CaO/MgO
Porous shell
Active
core /
CaO/MgO
CaO/
MgO/
CuO
Approach: incorporating the
“wet-mixing method” into
Granulation / extrusion methods
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Application of CAM1A for coal gasification
Core-in-shell particle
Fluidized beds?
Attrition resistance
Strength
Long cycles
Economics?
CaO/
MgO
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Application of CAM1B for natural gas reforming
naked particle with CaO/MgO
Fluidized beds?
Attrition resistance
Strength
Long cycles
Economics?
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Application of CAM1C for natural gas reforming
CaO/
MgO
CuO
naked particle with CaO/MgO/CuO
Economics?
Fixed beds?
Transport reactor
Attrition resistance
Strength
Long cycles
Gas cheaper than O2?
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - The “Wet-mixing Method”
Easy steps!
Various calcium Precursors
Any loading of calcium
is possible.
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Sorbents by the Wet-mixing Method
Carbonation:
650 C, 30 min,
in 15% CO2
Calcination:
900 C, 10 min,
in N2
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Sorbents from Various Precursors by Wet-mixing
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Sorbents from Various Precursors by Wet-mixing
Observations:
1. All sorbents performed
very well;
2. The performance was
insensitive to precursor
type;
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification
- Performance under severer condition
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Time (minute)
Ca
ptu
re c
ap
ac
ity
(g
/g)
Carbonation:
880 C, 2 h, in
100% CO2
Calcination:
900 C, 10 min,
in N2
67% CaO
Why did it work???
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - TEM Images of Sorbent by wet-mixing
Nano-sized CaO particles
(100 nm) are separated
uniformly by nano-sized
inert material particles (20
nm)…
Why possible by this method?
Perfect mixing of precursors!
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Capacity vs CaO content of CAMs by Wet-mixing
~82 wt%
CaO
3D
percolation
theory!
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Regeneration of Sorbents by Wet-mixing
Easier regeneration! Better carbonation!
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - Progress so far
Incorporation of the “wet-mixing method” into a
granulation / extrusion method has not been achieved!
So far 2 granulation methods have been tested.
1 more granulation method is being tested.
1 extrusion method is being tested.
No progress!
On-going!
On-going!
Materials for Calcium Looping Gasification - On-going work
Economics of the calcium looping gasification systems
New granulation process for particle manufacture
An extrusion method for particle manufacture
Kinetics of carbonation/decarbonation of the particles
Theoretical interpretation of lower regeneration temperature
Testing of products under realistic conditions (high
pressure, effect of impurities, etc..)
CFD modelling of calcium looping gasification
Goal: highly effective CAMs for calcium looping gasification
applications ready by 2013.
Acknowledgement
Collaborators:
Dr. Geoff Wang, Prof. John Barry, Prof. Joe da Costa, Dr. Shiying Lin, Prof. Qinhui Wang, Prof. Laihong Shen, Dr. Takashi Kiga, Prof. Li Zhang
PhD students:
Mr. Wenqiang Liu, Mr. Junjun Yin, Mr. Hui An, Mr. Min Du, Ms Mingnv Guo, Mr. Changlei Qin
Australian Research Council (ARC)
UniQuest
Joint Coordination Group for China (JCG)
The University of Queensland