History of Architecture (AP313) | Essay| 2014

DEVLOPMENT OF GURGAON- and it's architecture Essay for History of Architecture (AP313)

Jasvinder Singh

Roll Number: 01416901611Sushant School of Art and Architecture

Gurgaon is the second largest city of Indian state of Haryana.[1] situated in the National Capital Region (N.C.R.) located 19.9 miles (32km) south west to New Delhi the capital of India. Gurgaon has a population of 876,824[2] which has grown extensively during the last decade, Gurgaon has become the city with the third highest per capital income in India after Chandigarh and Mumbai[3], Gurgaon has witnessed rapid urbanization, chiefly as a result of multinational corporationsopeningoutsourcingoffices in the city.The city's economic growth started with the leading Indian automobile manufacture Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. setting up a manufacturing plant in Gurgaon in 1970s[4] today gurgaon is home to about 250 fortune 500 companies with companies such as Microsoft , Google, Nokia , Yahoo, Dell , Pepsi , Airtel ,DLF , American express, etc have made gurgaon their home in India, the high purchasing power has led to a boom in the retail industry. it has also become the call centre capital of the world[5][6]

Img source - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HaryanaGurgaon.pngEtymologyThe district delivered its name from the name of guru dronacharya, the village was given as gurudakshina to him by his students; the pandavas and hence it came to be known as guru-gram, which in course of time got distorted to gurgaon. thus the district has been existence since the times of mahabhartha.[7]

HistoryDuring British rule in India gurgaon was divided into pargaonas by britishers, every parganas were given to petty chiefs and granted as jagirs in lieu of military services made by them. these jagirs later came under the direct management of the british; ; last important changes took in 1836 AD there after the district remained unchanged until the 1857 uprising. in 1858 AD it was transferred from the north western provinces to punjab, [8] following indias independence, gurgaon remained a part of the state of punjab but after the reorganisation of punjab in 1966 it became a part of the newly created state of haryana.The contemporary city started developing since 1970 after the setting of manufacturing plant of Maruti Suzuki, it was the time when then cities like delhi were expanding it stretched south east to faridabad in industrial era and at the time delhi started moving towards south west the era was MNC's software development and gurgaon was attractive to them because of its proximity to new delhi and the international airport

ArchitectureGurgaon's skyline is ruled by many skyscrapers the city is been home to several tall buildings with modern planning. it has estimated 1,100 residential skyscrapers[9]. the city lacks proper urban infrastructure with broken roads and streets that often leads to traffic jams. the initial settlement started in gurgaon in the area east to national highway 8, a part of which shows urban planning and without a doubt gurgaon is the kind of city urban planners can learn from, today gurgaon is home to every big name in the corporate world. Its buildings are designed by the best architects from across the world. Gurgaon has more than 20 outlets for luxury cars such as BMW, Audi and Volkswagen. Malls that stock practically every international brand dot the landscapeUrbanisamgurgaon saw a massive increase in its population and economy after real estate major DLF group bought farms owned by the local people and started developing housing societies for upper-middle class residents of delhi, world class buildings were built to make gurgaon more appealing for investors these housings societies became a real estate phenomenon in northern India with many delhites preferring the greener and newer planned gurgaon over the congested and heavily polluted metropolis.The urban landscape has been constantly changing in the fast growing city of gurgaon in the past few years, the present city of gurgaon can be considered the metropolitan area of an old civilization encompassing every single settlement around the original citythe tallest highrise office and residential buildings are mostly located in the north western areas of the city and especially in the business and shopping districts of MG road , DLF city and ashok marg Gurgaon alone has 43 malls with Ambience Mall being one of the largest in the country, spread over an area of over 8.6 lakh sq ft. the mushrooming shopping malls of gurgaon like the ambience mall, DLF city centre , mega mall , MGF , MGF mega city, MGF metropolitian, DLF star mall etc. are also indicative of the reorganisation by retails of far-reaching aspiration and deep pockets of the residents of the city By 2010 the state government hopes to complete a world class golden triangle city centre (GTCC) in sector- 29 with as many as four skyscrapers higher than taipei 101. some experts are even worried about the project because gurgaon lies in an earthquake prone area. the fast growing population has created a huge demand for housing , resulting in escalating property prices in recent years.EconomyThe need of a business centre and also closer to Indra Gandhi Internationl Airport made gurgaon as one of the most prominent outsourcing and offshoring hubs in south asia. real estate ,automobiles, retails and banking are other major industries. gurgaon contributes over 50% of haryana's income tax revenues along with faridabadTransportationgurgaon is connected by road, rail and air. the government has created an 8 lane expressway from delhi to gurgaon. the express way between guraon and new delhi provides non-stop connectivity to the indra gandhi international airport the internation airport is only 10 miles away from gurgaonmost of gurgaonites own cars as the cream of the delhi-ites have moved to gurgaon but to minimize the traffic gurgaon also has delhi metro and rapid metro connecting gurgaon with delhi and helping the office workers form heavy traffic jams Educationthe city is also home to a number of reputed educational institute , ITM (institute of technology and management) IILM (indian institute of law and management) SSAA (sushant school of art and architecture) the gurgaonites normally do their higher studies there and even students from delhi , faridabad , noida come to do their higher studies Life in gurgaon Shopping- gurgaon is considered as the unofficial "mall capital of india" it is known for its large number of malls and shopping malls and facilities, first shopping malls were established on MG road since then many new ones have sprung up around the city like ambiance mall the largest mall , MGF mega city, weddings mall and gold souk are one of many speciality malls in town Real estate Construction work is an important industary in gurgaon , almost 20% of the city is involved in the sector as real estate is one of the most important money earner for gurgaon the land in and around gurgaon fertile but agriculture being not remunerative, farmers do not think twice before selling their land to big corporate firms like DLF and unitech which in turn constructs it parks and offices complexes. Gurgaon is also the home to many renonwed hotels uppal orchid was awarded the greenest hotel in the world and many hotels like westin have also been given award many times

Figure 1: Sushant LogoRef: http://goo.gl/HVab17Bibliography[1] http://gurgaon.gov.in/pdf/about-gurgaon.pdf[2] Indian government Census 2011[3] the chandigarh tribune[4] http://www.hindustantimes.com/gurgaon/chunk-ht-ui-gurgaonsurvey-topstories/gurgaon-s-better-than-delhi-but-way-behind-shanghai/article1-1058239.aspx[5] australian IT artical - india is the world's biggest provider of call centre services[6] forbes magazine article- gurgaon is the biggest provider for call centre[7] http://gurgaon.gov.in/pdf/about-gurgaon.pdf[8] http://gurgaon.gov.in/pdf/about-gurgaon.pdf

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