DEVELOPMENTAL PROJECT MODELS By E.Chandramouli

The thrust for developmental Projects will be on the following lines

1. Future scope possibilities of Bio Tech Industries through business process modelling with thrust on Interdisiciplinary team research.Thrust areas will involve Health,Alternate medicines (like Herbal Products etc),Genetic studies etc. 2. Sustainable Ground water management- Ground Water/Storm water monitoring and control for effective management. 3. Waste disposal and Waste managemt models 4. Sewage disposal and management models. 5. Slum Clearance models linking developmental projects 6. Sustainable Exploitation of Marine resources-Technology intensive Marine Ranching 7. Alternate renewable Energy Sources

Developmt orientd Business to Business activities and essence of BPO In todays competitive Global environment,the Business to Business activities involving BPO

(business process out sourcing) etc,one has to be careful to build a (systems) bond or connectivity,between the Technology managers and Corporate managers through E-Govrnce.Sometimes the very outsourced activity has to be absorbed back into the mainstream business activity,when situation demands and this is the challenge for the future growth/expansion of the business houses.The outsourced activity may become the critical activity during expansion (atleast during initial stages) especially when it involves new acquisitions etc,and hence this precaution.This is where the business modelling exercises are handy and protects from future pitfalls.We have seen the habit of elephants.These gentle giants sway,when they stand still in a place,ensuring that its muscles are well exercised not only to keep fit but is also ready for taking on tougher physical assignments.These Technology intensive handshake arrangements in big Corporates are very essential for a continuously developing economy and are to be viewed more as a E-Governance strategy.

A CASE ON MARINE RANCHING- A DEVELPMTL PROJT OF THE FUTURE

Marine ranching is a Technology intensive harvesting of marine resources like fish,shrimps etc in its natural settings,at the same time replenishing them,to avoid extinction.

Following conditionalities suiting to Indan conditions are to be incorporated in a sustainable Marine Ranching Project and deliberated as a development Project..

1. Unlike the stocked fish ranches,in marine ranching the fish raising is done in the open ocean and the harvesting of different varieties of fish in its natural ocean setting, has high potential for export market as well as for indigenous consumption.The different species are grown in ponds and let out in the ocean periodically as a replenishment strategy to restore the balance.

2. The mariculture pilot program is currently under way in Kasaokacity,Okayama Prefecture and use the concept of sound to attract fish (when they are trained they come to the same place when the sound signal or musical note is played) and when they swim back from the open ocean and congregate on hearing the sound at the feeding place, they are harvested.The ideal location is island formation and Andaman Nicobar islands may be the best suited,but may need lobbying at high polytical level and may require some consortium arrangements with Srilanka etc.

3.We may improvise showing artificial reefs (as cultivation reef,Breeding reef,Fisheries reef,Pelagic fish reef,Fry cultivation reef,Interim cultivation facility etc).Show also Survey vessels,fishing vessels,cold water current genertor,Deep water intake pipe,Oceanic observation satellite,Multipurpose buoy to observe oceanographic conditions and measurement buoy etc.

4.Also in the office set up differentiate Information Centre,Fisheries centre etc.

5. Show the details of Instruments,computers and other devices that are housed in the Ranch main office including the research scope for continuous improvemnt for quality harvesting of different species and the link to different Governing/Educational Institurtions

We may have to meet together at the University and arrive at the priority of the sustainable projects on development for the Conference,after discussing the other areas..

MARINE RANCHING

ORGANISATION MODELSUnderstanding an Enterprise & its structure through Charts

Organisation is an integrated functional entity comprising of functional units/depts and are headed/manned by persons of background

Corporate setups are headed by Chairman/president/CEO and is governed by a Board with members(Directors) from within organisation as well as outside leaders/ experts.Understanding this Governance is a prerequisite for switching over to Technology supported E_Governance

Heading / manning /staffing of these departments may be shown in the form of Organisation charts

Like the corporate set up shown in the fig the respective Functional Units /services headed by the directors may be shown at detailed level and analysed.

Director(Finance)

Director(Commercial)

Director(Production)

Director (Tech. Servics)

Divisional Heads/General Managers

Corporate Organisation Chart

Executivr Director (Vigilance)

Chairman cumManagin Director

To analyse 1. Is the span of control OK ?

2. Where to place R&D/ Mgmt Service 3. Place Technology/Tech servcs/

QC/Training depts appropriately

ENTERPRISE MODELS WITH EMPASIS ON PLANNING

ERP approach- Enterprise resourceplanning attempts to integrate alldepartments and functions across a companyinto an integrated client(production&serviceunits),server(corporate group) entity througha network of computer/comunicn systems.

There are difficult areas- to integrate asmay be seen in the enterprise where thetraditional modules of ERP operate.

Organisational diagonosis- thro Businessprocess modelling helps to soften the roughedges paving way to integrate theInternet/Intranet activities.

CRM, BtoB,BtoC etc- are the logicaldevelopments of the diagonosis leading toIntranet/Internet integrated models

Data Mining/Data ware housing- are theknowledge base from which creative newBusiness models develop and pave way foreffective Knowledge Mnagement centres..

Organisatnl structuring- is another benefitand when the new departments arestructured properly helps in practicng E-commerce/E-Governance etc.

TechnicalServices

Production

Finance

Research &Development

Welfare ? Safety ?

Personnel/Admin/HRD

Training

Activities relating to environment,social responsibilities,dealing

with State/Central policy issues

Red colour text indicating

difficult areas of ERP

Functional modules of ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning)

Top management with an aim

for E-Governance

Note: External activities to the enterprise are equally critical

Management & ITenabled Services

Feasibility Studies through models

Hints for Preparation of Campus wide Fibre Optics Back-bone Network

1. Study of existing Communication Networks Study the existing networks including the telephone lines, Cabling route,distances, the Telephone Exchanges and their Technology and the present load data flow.This way the need or otherwise for the Backbone connecctivity, with the existing

voice/EPABX/PABX systems, thro spare fibre lines, and/ or for future elimination of

the obsolete tech systems may be studied

2 The study for Backbone Networks-Supported by the Information technology plans of the Organisation and supported by the technology of the day covering (Multimode/singlemode) fibre optics, and the current day technology for the backbone networks ( ethernet,Gigabit ,ATM etc), prepare a network feasibility plan. Highlight the active components of the Network like Switches (Gigabit Ethernet or the relevent technology),Fiber mode converters, Fiber components etc

3 Budgetory Estimates-Prepare a budgetory estimate of the entire project including the active and passive components in the networks

Corporate Setup

EPAX

Administrative Services

EPAX

Central TandemExchange

EPAX

EPAX

Material control/Stores Division

EPAX

EPAX

Production/Service Units

New Product I

Production/Service Units

New Product 2

V/UHF LINK

Production/Service Units

New Product 2

Production/ServiceUnits

Old Products

EPAXEPAX

Existing Telecommunication System

Note- Epax- 12 nors of Electronic Private Automatic exchange,which are distributed with 200 lines capacity are connected to Tandem ExchangeTwo of the EPAX for the New Products are linked thro V/UHF linkRest of the Epax are connected to Tand Exch thro Cables of 100 pairsThe Epax are distributed over 50 sq Km area.

FUNCTIONAL MODELS- FINANCE DEPT

THE TRADITIONAL FINANCE DEPARTMENT- Comprises of

CENTRAL BOOK KEEPING

BILLS PAYABLE DEPARTMENT

MATERIAL ACCOUNTING SECTION

PAY ROLL

COSTING

COMMERCIAL/BILLS RECEIVABLE

CASH

WELFARE ACCOUNTS

ASSETS

COMPUTER SECTION ( Please look next slide for a Schematic)

MODEL THE FINANCE DEPT AS A KEY IT ENABLEDDECISION SUPPORT FUNCTION

Financial System - A functional schematic

Welfare Account

Material Accounts

Asset Accounts

Cost Accounting

Central server at corporate set up

Bills receivable or Commercial

Accounting

Finance(Central

Book Keeping)

Bills Payable

Inland Foreign

Cash

Pay roll

Reports1.From Trial balance to

General ledger 2.Profit &loss account

3. Balance sheet4. Creditors list

5.Debtors/ payment follow up

6.Asset ledger 7.Pay roll/PF statistics

8.Materials ledger/ Inventry statement9.Cost ledger/

Financial ratios

Distributed Client computersin various production/service centres

Eco (balanced) Economy (oriented) Modelling What is eco economy modelling- It is environment friendly-

Helps control/moderate market driven forces! The dimensions of the Challenge- The growth in world out

put of goods and services from $6 trillion in 1950 to $43 trillion in 2000 has caused environmental devastattion/degradation on a scale unimaginable 50 years ago.Even if we assume world economy to grow 3% annually there will be four fold increase in the output of goods & sevices reaching $172 trillion in less than 10 years.(Eco Economy by Lester R Brown, Orient Long man,2002 )

Do we have role model countries- Denmark is the eco economy leader.It has stabilised population,banned construction of coalfired power plants,banned nonrefillable beverage containers,is favouring wind powered electricity(Presently15%)and other alternate sources of energy.The other activities it has done well are restructuring

urban transport(and is close to controlling carbon emissions to safe levels).Afforestation,effective ways of using preserving ground water resources are other related issues of eco economic models.(Hindu mag.section dtd 10th Feb 02)

Land use plan- Organisations that disturb the environment including the land (Beware it is known as motherland) has to incorporate strategies to restore the damage.See the fig of an approach to land use plan

Land use PlansAfforestation Plans

Industrial Township

Soil data base

Groundwater basin

Plant layoutStormwater Drain Management system

Storm water Pumps

Bio Tech Industries-An emerging new industry

Bio Technology Bio Informatics Genomics Protinomics Modelling (molecular) Bio Tech applied to-Disease Control(Physical

health),General wellbeing(mental health),Food production,Population Control etc

Organisation/Patronising (control?) of Bio Tech Industries

Future approach to Molecular modelling in Bio Tech Industries.

The conceptualisation of a macro molecular model progressing Group- This group of experts and the forum for such conceptualisation will get automatic recognition by virtue of its global objectives and its scientific quest. While the administrative details of such international forum is not discussed here, a future possibility of progressing molecular assembly modelling taking the (technology assisted) assembly line experience of highly successful Product industries is only high lighted here.The exercise may not come under the perview as strictly scientific but may be viewed as a managerial cum scientific system administration exercise. The forthcoming slides discuss the key elements or the essecnce of the follow up mechanism which ensured achieving a smooth final asembly in Product Industries and the possibility of similar approach in progressing or monitoring the progress of (mirocosmic!) molecular assemblies.The need to correlate different research findings (as inferred processes or codified data at each assembly stage),while filling the gaps which are yet to be synthesised through simulated assembly results (with several combinations) is definitely analogus to the (man made but perfected over years assisted by technology) Assembly line production.Few slides next discusses such assembly line production monitoring concepts to enable scientists to take the clue on data organisation/management so that such techniques/ technolology may be applied successfully to molecular assembly models.

A comparison with the man made

Aircraft assembly

Through different levels of Assy the final assy of aircraft is progressed and is supported by different databases (which will be linked through common links like Part/Drawing nors and Assembly/Cost/Workcentre codes etc). The routing and assembly instructions are also available in the Databases.

In each level of assembly, the right components/sub assys etc are made available (kit marshalled) before the assembly process starts.

In the given Air craft assembly structure assemblies will have 12 digit assembly codes from which the assembling process details are retrieved ( work orders are for this).A 9 or 12 digit code identify raw materials (from which components are made) or fully bought out components/assembly/subassembly.

For collecting the cost of production etc the finance people use a budgetory code in the same principle. In fact the modern PPC software has combined all these features to a single comprehensive Optimised 12 digit code but noting the Bio research invoving molecular assembly/protein folding is still in its nascent stage understanding the different functional codes are relevant from the point of view of scientific database file organisation needs.

JAGUAR

Other Aircraft Varities

Aircraft Final Assembly

(Passenger Aircraftrs)

(Transport Aircrafts)

ENGINE ASSEMBLY MIG Aircraft

(Fighter Aircrafts)1 2 3 etc

Level-2

Level-1(Assy levels)

Electrl Direct Assy components

FRAMEASSY

WingAssy

Database files 1 Bills of materials

2.Assy Process Instrs3.Routings

Is present Database Technology adequate for Bio Tech research

Servers

Enterprise level Servers

(Parallel Processors)

Onine DNA

sequences database

DNA finger print location-1

Location-2Location-2

Location-3

Location-4

The interdisciplinary research in Bio Tech Environment(Finger Print/DNA matching for crime detection)

Note: To gain an insight into such futuristic Biotech research applications,with Graphical and multimedia frontend systems geographically distributed,but with a need to access centralised large databases,make selective choice,reorganise them as online databases etc, the author of thisarticle recommends database organisers/administrators to develop insight into Online MySQL databases on PCQ Linux Operating systems.Setting up server side scripting languages on Apache Web server tointeract with data stored in MySQL database etc.Ref: MySQL databases on PCQ Linux 7.1 (PC QuestOctober 2001 Page 119)

Parallel Procesors and applications. By paying attention to parallel computation as well as parallel I/O, technology researchers have created high-performance algorithms and applications in a range of disciplines like,molecular dynamics,seismic processing, acoustical modelling, finite element methods, computational fluid dynamics, meteorological modelling, and data mining.

Programming environments and tools. The corresponding resource management and the connected software tools allows users dynamic control of their parallel run-time environments.Tounderstand parallel program concepts the author of this article recommends referring IBM web Page . http://lscftp.kgn.ibm.com/pps/products/ or contacting George Almasi galmasi@watson.ibm.com for more details

Miniaturisation: Scientists have made transistor one-molecule thick-A transistor which contains only one active molecule has been developed. This will turn one day current technology into new directions both in terms of speed and processing capabilities of computers/communications etc as well as give new thrust in Bio Technology, Genome studies,Bio Medical research etc (Digit, issue December 2001,Page 18-www.thinkdigit.com)

Computing at the speed of light-Researchers at Univ of Toronto have discovered a technique to form tiny perfect crystals that have high optical quality,that will open new era of fast computing and communication using photons instead of electrons.These photonic crystals could improve the speed and bandwidth in communication,and help developing miniaturised optical components involved in the next generation all optical computers/Telecom systems.(News Caption-Hindu,Science &Technology dtd27th June 02.)

New Technology Models-Need for high speed Organisation/retrieval of Data Bases

Feasibility Studies through models

Hints for Preparation of Campus wide Fibre Optics Back-bone Network

1. Study of existing Communication Networks Study the existing networks including the telephone lines, Cabling route,distances, the Telephone Exchanges and their Technology and the present load data flow.This way the need or otherwise for the Backbone connecctivity, with the existing

voice/EPABX/PABX systems, thro spare fibre lines, and/ or for future elimination of

the obsolete tech systems may be studied

2 The study for Backbone Networks-Supported by the Information technology plans of the Organisation and supported by the technology of the day covering (Multimode/singlemode) fibre optics, and the current day technology for the backbone networks ( ethernet,Gigabit ,ATM etc), prepare a network feasibility plan. Highlight the active components of the Network like Switches (Gigabit Ethernet or the relevent technology),Fiber mode converters, Fiber components etc

3 Budgetory Estimates-Prepare a budgetory estimate of the entire project including the active and passive components in the networks

Corporate Setup

EPAX

Administrative Services

EPAX

Central TandemExchange

EPAX

EPAX

Material control/Stores Division

EPAX

EPAX

Production/Service Units

New Product I

Production/Service Units

New Product 2

V/UHF LINK

Production/Service Units

New Product 2

Production/ServiceUnits

Old Products

EPAXEPAX

Existing Telecommunication System(Note: New Products are more Technology intensive)

Note- Epax- 12 nors of Electronic Private Automatic exchange,which are distributed with 200 lines capacity are connected to Tandem ExchangeTwo of the EPAX for the New Products are linked thro V/UHF linkRest of the Epax are connected to Tand Exch thro Cables of 100 pairsThe Epax are distributed over 50 sq Km area.

HRD through Innovative concepts in Project Mgmt&Training Management of Technology Intensive Projects When technology intensive projects are managed it is good for the top mgmt team to clearly

conceptualise the project involving the planning execution and sustinance (maintenance of the software after development) phases of the project. The team to study/design/develop this project has to be properly grouped as well trained.Presenting/analysing the project problems in the form of Busines Process model will help them.

Project grouping: For efficient and successful execution of the project it is very essential to pool the technology skills needed and the manpower into distinct categories. The project mgmt group may be grouped on the following lines

-Project leaders/Project Assistants -Application specific group -Inter-net services group -Intranet group. (Will include Mainframe/AS400 Hardware,Software specialists,Data Base/Network administrators etc) While large workforce organisations may be able to organise the workgroup on these lines, small

organisations may have to impart the functional training to the available manpower depending on the application needs, instead of merely shifting the manpower on day to day basis.

The Training requirements: One may require the training according to the functional group to which he belongs. There is no point

giving training to a person in Project Mgmt, ERP,SAP, CRM.ESM(Enterprisewise Systems Mgmt),etc when he is to be fitted into the Internet services group. A typical Internet Service group training programme is given below.

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 - --Internet Concepts --Java Script --Servlets --HTML --VB Script --JSP --Basic Java --XML --ASP --Advanced Java --CORBA, --LINUX, Cold fusion --Visual Age for Java --JINI

Communication Models-The need for

Broadband network services Increasingly all forms of electronic information -telephony,computerdata,TV and radio are getting

converted to digital data and it is possible for a single network to handle them.When the demand to transfer this data increases the answer is broadband communication linlks with huge bandwidth.The following are some critical applications justifying broadband networks.

Disaster Control and Management- Military and Defiance- Mobile Video Conferencing- Remote monitoring of Industrial Plants Developmental Projects (like Marine ranching )- Futuristic areas may invole Governance models like New Revenue generation models,E-

Governance etc A typical elements in a Broadband setup is shown as a schematic in the opposite diagram

How relevant is behaviour model-

Are we stuck because of poor Corp.behaviour as well as individual Behaviour An approach through case studies (you

may call them behaviour modelling) appealing to different cross sections (Corporate Managers, Young parents,Children,Grand Parents,family members etc) and the message

is very effective. Self management- Self mgmt is the starting

point before one starts on the varied aspects of Corporate Management/ Technology Management.

To fear- Look at the fig. It is the natural response of a Cat to fear a dog , but it has overcome by a reconditioning process through a good Trainer

Survival- against today’s global competition, is the Problem faced by Organisations/Institutions & success is possible only by facing adversaries

Face adversaries- Unlike the cat, Organisations comprising of human beings may have to train themselves to face/adopt to (technology intensive) changes

Creative thinking-Business Proces Models/Behaviour models helps to achieve this and it is the key for success.

Scientific-The study of the self is more scientific in approach and help solving organisational problems effectively.

Family relationship/ties- An individual’s acceptable behaviour starts from the family.