DEVELOPMENT OF EYE

OPTOM FASLU MUHAMMED

The eyeball & its related structures are derived from following

1. Optic vesicle:- an out growth from prosencephalon

2. Lens placode:- a specialized area of surface ectoderm

3. Mesenchyme:- that surrounding the optic vesicle.

4. Visceral mesoderm

OPTIC VESICLE

Neural plate(thickened either side)

Optic sulcus

Prosencephalon vesicle & optic vesicle

Optic stalk

Optic cup

Optic vesicle is converted into double layered optic cup. Its due to differential growth of the wall of vesicle.

The margins of optic cup grow over the upper & lateral side of the lens to enclose it.

Choroidal or fetal fissure

The growth does not take place over the inferior part of the lens, and therefore the wall of the cup show deficiency in this part. This deficiency extends to some distance along the inferior surface of optic stalk and is called choroidal fissure.

Mesenchyme

The developing neural tube is surrounded by mesenchyme.

And mesenchyme also covers the optic vesicle. Later the mesenchyme differentiate to form

1. Superficial fibrous layer2. Deeper vascular layer

Retina

Developed from the two walls of optic cup

1. Inner wall:- nervous retina

2. Outer wall:- pigmented epithelium

1. Nervous retina:- single layered

epithelium, which differentiate into three layers

a) Matrix cell layer:- cells of this layer form “rods and cones”

b) Mantle layer:- cell of this layer forms the bipolar cells, ganglion cells, other neuron of retina.

c) Marginal layers:- ganglion cells, which forms nerve fibre layer

2.Outer pigment epithelium layer:- cells of the

outer wall of the optic cup become pigmented. its posterior part forms the RPE, and ant. Part continues to ciliary body and iris as their ant.pigmemted epithelium.

Optic nerve