dg justice - knjiznica.sabor.hr
TRANSCRIPT
Produced by
iLICONN Consortium
DG Justice Unit B2
Land Registers Interconnection
feasibility and implementation
analysis
More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (httpeuropaeu) Luxembourg Publications Office of the European Union 2014 ISBN 978-92-79-45120-1 doi 102838711978
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4 copy European Union 2014
Abstract
This document is the outcome of the European Commissionrsquos study lsquoEuropean e-
Justice Portal Land Registers Interconnection - Feasibility and Implementation
analysisrsquo It presents the results of a business and a technical study that together forms
the preliminary work toward building a land register interconnection in the European
e-Justice Portal The business study report contains a consolidated view of the land
register landscape in the 28 Member States and their analysis as far as interconnection
aspects are concerned The technical part provides an overview of potential
architecture solutions for such an interconnection Finally the document presents
different possibilities for handling payments
Authors iLICONN Consortium
Rudolf De Schipper
Patrice-Emmanuel Schmitz
Piotr Danowski
Giedre Kazlauskaite
Pedro Torrinha
Nicholas Yialelis
Panagiotis Athanasiou
Version
107
Date
14102014
Disclaimer
This report has been prepared for the European Commission by partners of the
iLICONN consortium (Unisys Corporation and Intrasoft International) It reflects
views only of the authors and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use
which may be made of the information contained therein
Revision History
Version Author Description
105 iLICONN Original Version
106 iLICONN Clarification regarding EULIS project in sections 121
Relevant Actors and 1222 EULIS LINE project
107 European
Commission
Final revision prior to the publication
5 copy European Union 2014
Table of Contents
Revision History 4
Table of Contents 5
List of Figures 6
List of Tables 7
Executive summary 8
Context and scope 8
Business Analysis 9
Architecture overview 12
Handling Payments 15
1 Part I Business Analysis Report 17
11 Introduction 17
12 State of Play 23
13 Business requirements 38
14 The way forward 44
2 Part II Architecture Overview 61
21 Introduction 61
22 Information System Description 63
23 Compliance 63
24 Architecture Overview 64
25 Work packages and effort estimation 92
26 Implementation roadmap 104
27 Strengths and weaknesses of the alternatives 107
28 Performance and volumetric estimations 111
29 Re-usable architectural assets 112
3 Part III Proposals for handling payments 113
31 Introduction 113
32 Introduction to payment systems 115
33 Payment solution overview 117
34 Proposed payment solutions 121
4 Annexes 134
41 List of national land registers and their organisation 134
42 Title vs deed systems 145
43 Summary of data analysis 147
44 Detailed comparison tables 152
45 Language 178
46 Usage costs and payments methods per Member State 179
47 Overview of Member Statesrsquo memberships 185
48 Member States profiles 190
49 Interview Reports 239
410 Common Communication Protocol sample scenarios 251
411 Consolidated responses of Member States to questionnaire 3 255
412 Consolidated responses from questionnaire nr 3 265
413 Reference and applicable documents 266
414 Terminology 270
6 copy European Union 2014
List of Figures
Figure 1 Summary of functionalities per suggested approach 12
Figure 2 On-line availability 27
Figure 3 Titles vs Deeds in Member States 29
Figure 4 Data availability in Member States 30
Figure 5 Parameters availability in Member States 31
Figure 6 Searches capabilities 31
Figure 7 Available searches in Member States 32
Figure 8 Access to users from other EU Member States 34
Figure 9 Access fee 35
Figure 10 Payment method 36
Figure 11 Member Statesrsquo willingness to participate in the pilot 37
Figure 12 Example of declaration of legitimate interest 49
Figure 13 Implementation process 54
Figure 14 Portal search links 57
Figure 15 Example from the EnglandWales website 58
Figure 16 Alternative 1 Architecture Overview 81
Figure 17 Alternative 2 Architecture Overview 87
Figure 18 EULIS as-is overview 88
Figure 19 Alternative 3 Architecture Overview 90
Figure 20 Work packages and deliverables of the 1st Iteration for alternative 1 94
Figure 21 Work packages and deliverables of the 2nd
Iteration for alternative 1 95
Figure 22 Work packages and deliverables of the 3rd
Iteration for alternative 1 96
Figure 23 Work packages and deliverables of alternative 2 100
Figure 24 Work packages and deliverables of alternative 3 102
Figure 25 Proposed LRI implementation roadmap 106
Figure 26 Logical payment solution overview 122
Figure 27 Summary of data analysis 151
Figure 28 Scenario I Overview 252
Figure 29 Scenario II Overview 254
7 copy European Union 2014
List of Tables
Table 1 Member States selected for interviews or visits (criteria) 21
Table 2 Architecture significant requirements 65
Table 3 Architecture constraints 66
Table 4 General architectural findings and recommendations 68
Table 5 Key concepts of alternative 1 architecture overview 85
Table 6 Key concepts of alternative 2 architecture overview 87
Table 7 Key concepts of alternative 3 architecture overview 91
Table 8 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 1 99
Table 9 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 2 101
Table 10 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 3 104
Table 11 Strengths and weaknesses summarisation for all alternatives 110
Table 12 Volumetric estimations 112
Table 13 Key findings 119
Table 14 Solution requirements 121
Table 15 Key concepts of the payment solution design 125
Table 16 Mapping key concepts to solution 1 127
Table 17 Mapping key concepts to solution 2 129
Table 18 Strengths and weaknesses comparison 133
Table 19 List of National land registers 144
Table 20 Titles and deeds systems 146
Table 21 Parcel address and ID 159
Table 22 Property coordinates and map 165
Table 23 Ownership 169
Table 24 Known encumbrance 173
Table 25 Purchase price 177
Table 26 Member States Registers language 179
Table 27 Registers usage costs 185
Table 28 Member State membership 189
Table 29 Consolidated view of payment instruments and volumes per Member State
265
8
Executive summary
Context and scope
The EU Member states have developed property registration systems generally known as
lsquoLand Registersrsquo as from the beginning of the 19th
century The majority of systems are
based on title registration granting the owner with a valid property title In a minority of
cases a deed registration system maintains a chain of authentic documents property
evidence results from that chain The two forms of registration are sometimes combined
Due to technical evolution and administrative simplification some Member States manage
their land registers together with the cadastre New technologies have been applied to both
land registers and cadastre paper files were migrated to computers documents were
scanned allowing for a central storage of digital copies and new lsquoterritorial informationrsquo
such as electronic pictures or multi-layered maps were added Property related
information has however diverse origins and thus different legal value throughout the EU
for example a snapshot picture or a map could not serve as property title evidence but
will be precious for assessing the possible economic value of this property
The quality of justice requires efficient and rapid access to legal information that citizens
and justice professionals need to know This includes obtaining when necessary reliable
information on property rights of citizens and enterprises and verifying whether the
registration of these rights is valid for example prior purchasing or selling a property
Public authorities and professionals including notaries geometers lawyers and credit
institutions need to have access to land registers across Europe
In order to examine different ways of providing cross-border access to land data the
European Commission (EC) DG Justice (DG JUST) has contracted the iLICONN
consortium1 to conduct the present feasibility study
2 that should inform a decision on
whether or not a Land Registers Interconnection (LRI) will be developed for inclusion in
the European e-Justice Portal (hereinafter the Portal or lsquoEJPrsquo)3
lsquoLand Registerrsquo (LR) is used in its broadest meaning a national (or regional if no national
file exists) electronic information source providing access to relevant land property data
lsquoInterconnectionrsquo means searching and obtaining such land data from registers managed
by participating Member States
1 The iLICONN consortium was formed by Unisys Belgium (leader) Intrasoft international Ltd and
Bilbomatica Ltd 2 As a feasibility study the scope of the present report does not include any new assessment of the need for
LRI (for example resulting from existing or proposed EU legal instruments) the implementation of LRI was
decided by Member States and by EU authorities as part of the e-Justice action plan 3 Available at httpse-justiceeuropaeu
9
The study has three main parts
The business part analyses land register specificities in the 28 Member States and
proposes a potential way forward for a possible LRI
The technical part provides an overview of potential architecture solutions for such an
interconnection
The last part explores possibilities for handling payments when a fee is introduced for
accessing data
The three parts are summarised hereafter It is worth noting that according to the study
findings functionalities similar to the ones needed for a possible LRI could be reused in
other projects managed by the European Commission such as a common payment system
or an authorisation system which takes professional capacity certification into account
Business Analysis
State of Play
In order to obtain an overview of the state of play information on national land registers
and their organisation was collected and updated Apart from national authorities a
number of international actors (ELRA EULIS PCC EuroGeographics CLGE) were
identified and relevant developments were described
The analysis highlighted the fragmentation of land data sources It showed that different
systems may co-exist in one Member State Also the analysis revealed that land data
could be distributed across lsquoproperty rights oriented systemsrsquo and lsquoland description
oriented systemsrsquo (cadastre) or that several registers may exist depending on
regionalfederal or administrative fragmentation
Several key findings were drawn from the lsquostate of playrsquo analysis
Two types of property registration systems exist the lsquodeed recording systemrsquo
based on the record of relevant authentic documents and the lsquotitle registration
systemrsquo enabling the provision of evidence regarding property titles A majority of
Member States (17) have a title system or both systems (when they migrated from
a previous deed system) while a minority (11) has a deed system only
Nearly all systems (except one) are digitalised and the majority (23) may be
accessed on-line
4 land property data categories were considered as the most useful for searching
information and 7 were considered as the most useful information to receive in a
response 67 of existing systems are ready for accepting these queries and 81
of them could already provide such information
In most Member States on-line access to land data require user registration
Most systems (22) require some payment to be handled by cards or performed in a
form of prepayment or subscription
Considering the commonalities 52 of Member States volunteer to participate to
a pilot project introducing a first phase of LRI Others are open to discussion or
wish to delay their participation
10
Business Requirements
A one-stop-shop (the Portal as a single European address) a common query form
(available in the language selected by the portal user) and a minimal set of
common query fields are the most immediate benefits (and requirements) of a
common LRI platform
Standard user authentication would be a key advantage in such a platform in the
first phase for handling payments according to interoperable methods and for
obtaining global invoices related to the use of the LRI service
When required the query form must be complemented by a declaration of
legitimate interest (multiple choice pre-filled forms complemented by relevant
information about the user)
Once the query is forwarded to the relevant point of contact in Member States the
way of processing the query will remain dependent on each system on-line when
possible or asynchronous answers sent by mail (e-mail) when the answer or the
certificate must be checkedvalidated by the relevant administration
Before submitting the query and when receiving the answer the user must receive
detailed informationdisclaimers on the legal value and possible use of data
The property data needs to be complemented when available by lsquoland
descriptiveterritorial informationrsquo which is useful for determining the interest or
economic value of a property The previous experience gained from the EULIS
project has proved that having an LRI that is augmented by information on the
boundaries of a parcel of land is a need expressed by citizens and professionals
Translation must be as complete as possible (however compatible with possible
liability and technical possibilities) It could be proposed as an option (imposing a
certain fee)
The LRI platform must ultimately facilitate authentication of administration and
professional users across the EU for determining specific access rights
Way Forward
The possible way forward includes two phases which according to the e-Justice strategy
Member States will be able to follow on a voluntary basis
Phase 1 could be introduced by a pilot project (with a limited number of Member States)
and would be extended to other Member States as soon the solution is developed
implemented and tested successfully No issue related to personal data protection should
arise in this respect Phase 1 would address the following questions
Solving the legal diversity by preparing standard clarification about the legal value
and possible use of provided data
Reducing language issues by translating fixed labels proposing multiple choice
pre-filled forms (eg for reporting a legitimate interest) and standard disclaimers as
well as by implementing a glossary
Implementing a uniform registration process (targeted to all users without
providing specific access rights)
Building a common search form complemented with optional fields and a
declaration of legitimate interest
Providing standard and uniform paymentinvoicing facilities
11
Phase 2 would include a progressive assignment of specific access rights to professional
users including members of other Member Statesrsquo administrations The process would
depend on the possibility to interconnect with national authorities entitled to certify such
professional use Phase 2 would also be focused on migrating when possible from
asynchronous answers to on-line answers reducing the administrative burden and costs of
human intervention
As an alternative those Member States that are not ready at this stage to participate in the
LRI platform could improve the delivery of land register information by implementing
(from their own page on the Portal) a direct link to their system and proposing a standard
query form (at least in English) as well as an optional translation service (for a certain
fee)
The disadvantages of such an alternative approach would be
No common user registration (users must process registration in each Member
State meaning that an additional registration form should be provided)
No common platform to present on-line results each Member State must translate
its own interface or send the answer in an asynchronous way
Translation issues are not facilitated globally (with a common platformglossary)
No interoperable payment systemprepayment on a common virtual
bankglobalisation of invoices would be available
No interoperable evolution towards Phase 2 would be possible (interconnecting all
relevant certification authorities for assigning rights to professional users)
The following figure provides a summary of the different functionalities pre-supposed by
the suggested approach
Current EULIS
Registration ndash making it possible for users to get registered (simple
registration evolution of the current one ndash target use of the
payment system)
Present but at
each LR level
Improvement of static information ndash all interconnected registers
have to clarify what information should be provided to users and
what the legal value of the information is
Present but there
is room for
improvement
Search ndash the core use case of the system responsible for the
execution of searches display of relevant disclaimers information
about land data cost of the search(es) and the final response(s) The
search form must be complemented by the declaration of legitimate
interest when requested
Lack of standard
presentation
form including
all requirements
Translation of all fixed fields titles labels multiple choice pre-
filled forms legal value of information ndash in search and response
forms
Present if
implemented
nationally only
Glossary ndash a multilingual taxonomy or LR terminology and
highlighting lsquoglossary termsrsquo in portal information
Limited
coverage ndash to be
taken over and
Phase 1 (and pilot)
12
improved
Payment ndash allowing submitting payment (pre-paidsubscription or
post-paid) and maintaining for each user its payment
historyaccountinginvoices
National
payments used
Disclaimersrsquo management ndash enabling the management of
disclaimers information about land data and their translation into
all EU languages
Present in
English only
Professional capacity certification ndash allowing Member Statesrsquo authorities and relevant
professional organisations to certify users according to their profession (building a
lsquocircle of trustrsquo at EU level)
Authentication ndash interconnecting relevant organisations in order to allow users to gain
authenticated access to LRI and on-line access to other Member Statesrsquo LRs
Access management ndash allowing Member States to authorise access to the LR data
based on the requestorrsquos profession
Provision of at least the information on lsquohow and where to submit a queryrsquo on national
(Member Statesrsquo) pages of the Portal
Provision of a basic query form (and a registration form when applicable) in English in
addition to the national language(s)
Validation of the form against national criteria and processing it on-line (when the
system is available) or at least in an asynchronous way if the system is not on-line the
answer being provided after some time (needed for checking conditionsverification
etc) Figure 1 Summary of functionalities per suggested approach
Architecture overview
Three main alternatives were analysed
Portal develops its own solution
Portal interconnects EULIS and Member State registers
Portal integrates and extends the EULIS platform
Each of these options is described further below
Portal develops its own solution
The total effort required to build and deploy this solution in man-months has been
estimated to be 68 for DG Justice and 6 for each participating Member State
Phase 2
Alternative improving the Portal information
13
Strengths
Complete functional capabilities due to the fact that alternative 1 has been
designed whilst keeping in mind the wide scope of LRI it offers the most complete
set of functionalities allowing flexible search queries to one or more participants
integrating dynamic authorisation schemes provision of responses to search results
and facilitating direct payments from LRI end users to LRI participants
High degree of flexibility The proposed solution for alternative 1 has been
designed so that several aspects which are difficult to address immediately or may
change in the future are abstracted Doing so allows adding further capabilities
(such as certifying professionals using a service provided by a competent
authority)
Potential for expansion The design of the solution allows future expansions as the
information exchanged between LRI participants and the EJP is formally
structured and may be further processed or enhanced according to business needs
An example of this potential is the automatic translation of labels and pre-defined
terms A further development that would leverage existing EJP facilities could be
the complete translation of the information exchanged using machine or manual
translation
Weaknesses
Effort required Evidently this alternative requires more effort than integrating
and re-using EULIS (see also Alternative 3) in order to be analysed and deployed
Previous investment underutilised Given that in Alternative 1 EULIS is not
utilised the investment already made by Member States integrated in this platform
will be underutilised
High complexity The findings of this feasibility study although not detailed to the
level of enabling the immediate production of an actual LRI system have shown
that a variety of subjects (such as the certification of professional capacity) may
prove to be much more difficult than anticipated in terms of analysis as well as
implementation Thus the effort estimated for implementing alternative 1 may
change depending on the findings of further analysis
Portal interconnects EULIS portal and Member State registers
The total effort required to build and deploy this solution in man-months has been
estimated to be 78 for DG Justice and 7 for each participating Member State
Strengths
Combined benefits A close observation of the strengths and weaknesses of
alternatives 1 and 3 shows that they are essentially opposites as the strengths of
one solution are effectively the weaknesses of the other Thus given that this
alternative is designed as a combination of alternatives 1 and 3 it combines their
strengths and manages to diminish some of their weaknesses especially the ones
related to the business and functional capabilities as well as the underutilisation of
the investment already made by Member States in EULIS
Weaknesses
14
Effort required As shown already in the effort estimates presented in this
document (see also alternative 1 and alternative 3 effort estimations) this
alternative requires the highest effort requirement for to roll-out
High complexity Although technically possible the integration of the two
different interconnection approaches may in the future impose constraints in the
overall LRI service provided by the EJP This is true currently since some of the
functionalities offered by the proposed LRI standard cannot be supported by the
EULIS platform without revising it Furthermore DG JUST will have to maintain
two separate service lines as the maturation of the proposed LRI standard may
bring additional services which further diverge from the current EULIS proposal or
it may be the case that further developments in the EULIS platform impose new or
revise existing requirements for integrating it with EJP
Portal integrates and extends the EULIS platform
The total effort required to build and deploy this solution in man-months has been
estimated to be 49 for DG Justice and 11 for each participating Member State
Strengths
Less effort required Evidently when compared with alternatives 1 and 2
following this approach requires less effort for analysis and development
Faster initial roll-out due to the fact that EULIS is already deployed and there are
already Member States participating in the interconnection it is expected that the
initial roll-out of alternative 3 should require less time than the other two
alternatives
Technology portfolio The components used to implement EULIS are conformant
with the technological landscape identified from the responses of the majority of
Member States (14) provided in Questionnaire n3
Weaknesses
Authentication model The current authentication model employed by EULIS is
based on the fact that a Land Register is capable of authenticating its own users
However this hypothesis is not valid for all Land Registers Eventually the
authentication model employed by EULIS will have to be revised in order to
approach the one proposed in alternative 1 so as to be able to scale on a pan-
European level hence requiring additional effort for developing this solution in the
long term
Fewer capabilities by its definition the model employed in EULIS imposes
certain restrictions on the capabilities that can be developed without altering the
platform to the point that it starts resembling alternative 1 For example the
certification of an end userrsquos professional capacity is not supported thus Land
Registers that require such a certification for providing basic or enhanced
information services will not be able to provide them
Asynchronous calls are not supported By definition search queries in EULIS are
executed in near-real time This constraint makes difficult the participation of off-
line registers and imposes an increase in the technical availability the LRI EULIS
peers
15
Handling Payments
The feasibility study has shown that
Member States employ a variety of payment models according to the type of user
The LRI solution should not change drastically the current way of payment and
impose minimal (if any) restrictions on supported payment models
The LRI solution should support at least Credit Transfer and Direct Debit as these
are the most popular payment instruments Given the new developments (most
Member States are currently in the process of changing their approach on payment
systems) it is also advisable to include cards as a payment instrument (straight-
through processing) but as far as possible to phase-out the cheque and cash
payments
The solution should support current international standards and provide a multi-
lingual interface
The solution should facilitate payments to multiple registers using a single
uniform process
Three options are proposed
Using existing payment systems as currently implemented by each register This
looks lsquosimplersquo and lsquolow costrsquo to develop but in most cases the Portal users will not
be able to group services from multiple registers (in a single shopping basket) and
a single payment for all queries will not be possible Therefore it will be complex
for users
The lsquoMutual trust modelrsquo similar to the service offered in the EULIS platform
(which does not provide a payment system in itself but rather an accounting system
facilitating payments) The user will have to establish an account with a competent
authority and has various options
a Pay a monthly fee which allows to the user unlimited LRI access
b Pre-pay an amount which is used as credit for LRI consultations
c Pay nothing upfront but receive periodic bill for LRI consultations the user
has performed
This approach however bears certain difficulties mainly on its organisation and
set-up and subsequently on the technical level as it is required to identify one or
more organisations that can act as lsquocompetent authorityrsquo (ie be within its mandate
to accept payments or be billed for services performed by its accredited users) and
has the technical capacity to perform the task at hand
The central payment services provider which will handle complex transactions
across multiple accounts (Land Registers end users and other stakeholders like
the certification authorities) based on real use and using a common process Such
a service is expected to be provided by an external entity (providing the Payment
Services Platform) which will require compensation for the service offered The
way this solution is expected to work can be summarised as follows
a The user is presented with an invoice and payment options The invoice is
detailed and composed of information provided by multiple Land
Registers
16
b The money is initially transferred into a single bank account
c The payment system breaks down the amount received into small
transactions to each Land Register according to the price requested by
them for the services provided and in a pre-determined time frame (eg
once per month) each Land Registers receive payment for the exact
services they provide
17
1 Part I Business Analysis Report
11 Introduction
According to Articles 4 and 67 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union
(TFEU)4 the European Union (EU) and the Member States have a shared competence for
the implementation of a common area of freedom security and justice (Art 4 and 67
TFEU) The quality of justice includes that justice professionals as well as other users
having a legitimate interest have access to the needed land data in other EU Member
States as well as in their home State Such interest may be illustrated by the need to check
if their own property is correctly registered determine succession rights establish
guarantees on properties abroad or execute court decisions
In order to examine different ways of providing cross-border access to land data the
European Commission DG Justice has contracted the iLICONN consortium to conduct the
present feasibility study that should inform a decision on whether or not a Land Registers
Interconnection will be developed for inclusion in the European e-Justice Portal
The study has four main tasks
Business part which provides analysis of core land data specificities in the 28
Member States of the EU in order to propose possible ways towards a more
consolidated approach for cross-border interconnection
Technical analysis aimed at examining the potential architectural solutions for
achieving the interconnection
Proposal for handling payment which investigates the possibilities for online
payments and looks into ways on how this should be implemented
Collection of business data for the definition of common templates for land data
excerpts
Part I of this report addresses the business part of the study The outcome of other study
parts (II ndash Technical alternatives and III ndash Proposals for handling payments ) were written
as separated reports but are summarised (in the Executive summary) and presented further
(in part II and III) in this feasibility study
4 Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European
Community signed at Lisbon 13 December 2007 [OJ C 306 17122007 p1]
18
111 Background
1111 European e-Justice Portal
The decision to create a European e-Justice Portal was taken by the EU Member States at
the Council of the EU in June 2007 As reported in the e-Justice action plan5 the JHA
Council decided that work should be carried out with a view to developing at European
level the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the field of justice
particularly by creating a European portal
The e-Justice action plan has placed the European Commission in charge of creating the
technical web platform to allow the operational functioning of the Portal The platform
was set up and became operational as from 2009
The European e-Justice Portal could be defined as an electronic lsquotechnical platformrsquo and is
thus conceived as a future electronic one-stop-shop in the area of justice
The information pages of the Portal are open to everyone enabling anonymous visitors to
access read and when needed download Portal pages documents and forms However
the JHA Council has stated from the beginning that some of the Portalrsquos functionalities or
services should be reserved to authenticated users and to justice professionals As stated in
recital 32 of the action plan the Portal lsquowill permit by means of a uniform authentication
procedure to open up for members of the legal professions the various functionalities
reserved for them to which they will have differentiated access rights It should be
advisable to provide for such a possibility for authentication for non-professionals alsorsquo
The Portal is a work in progress In its initial phase it provided information on both the
EU and the national legal frameworks In a future phase it will allow for more interactions
and services to be used in the field of justice such as providing access to business
registers helping to find a lawyer or facilitating the set-up of trans-border video
conferences
1112 Land registers in Europe ndash a fragmented picture
In Europe two types of property registration systems were developed First the systems
with the double purpose of securing data with regard to the ownership of properties were
created which represents the interest of the owner and the potential buyer ndash thus all
citizens and justice in general Secondly the registration systems establishing a cadastre of
real estate tax payers were implemented for the benefit of the countryrsquos finances The
separation between these two approaches is however not always clear cut In addition due
to technological advancement land register information is now often complemented with
territorial information maps indication related to the type of land environmental
constraints plans related to possible future developments and actual pictures Such
5 Multi-Annual European E-justice action plan 2009-2013 (2009C 7501) [OJ C 75 31032009 p 1]
19
territorial information does not have the same legal value before entering into a real estate
transaction or assessment (ie purchasing a property will management divorce etc)
Due to large cultural diversity and different legal traditions the methods of property title
registration differ considerably between groups of countries A first group of registers
could be called lsquoregisters of documentsrsquo (deed recording systems) The method is based
on the principle that unpublished or private documents cannot serve as evidence against
published or lsquoauthenticrsquo documents Those registers do not provide direct evidence of who
is the holder of a right but they keep trace of the chain of relevant documents and grant
priority to some documents above others This group includes civil law states such as
France (except some territories which acquired German influence) Belgium
Luxembourg Italy (except the autonomous province of Trento) and Romania
Another group of countries developed property registration systems (title registration
systems) According to this method a valid title for the acquisition of property is issued
provided that it is acquired in good faith These are registries of property rights (or titles)
This group comprises countries which follow the German law tradition Germany
Switzerland Poland Slovenia Austria Spain Portugal or Slovakia
It must be noted that with some specific common law particularities the registries of
England Scotland Ireland and Northern Ireland have also moved from previously used
deed systems to title registration systems
Against this background of diversity it is vital to ensure that the legal value of any cross-
border land register excerpt is clearly communicated Therefore each element of an
excerpt cannot be extracted and presented out of its jurisdictional context It must be
complemented by supporting information that guides the reader to understanding the legal
value the possible uses and the meaning of the communicated information
112 Study objectives
The main study objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the organisation and
content of land data in 28 EU Member States
The analysis should result in suggestions for possible ways to interconnect the land
registers in the scope of the e-Justice Portal The study should consider the results of the
previous studies and projects in the field More specifically the study should identify
National registers that contain land information their organisation within Member
States and their readiness for the interconnection (level of digitalisation and on-line
integration etc)
Potential implications due to the use of different registration systems (title v deed)
language payment methods the nature and structure of data including the
availability of searches
Relevant data protection rules and procedures that govern updating the land
information
Other elements that will have an impact on the proposed technical solution
20
The main output of the study is the present business analysis report which concludes with
suggesting a possible way forward for establishing cross-border access to land
information
113 Understanding of lsquoLand Register interconnectionrsquo
In the framework of this feasibility study the term lsquoLand Registerrsquo is used in its broadest
meaning a national (or regional if no national file exists) electronic information source
(file or lsquosystemrsquo) providing access to relevant land data Depending on the Member Statersquos
organisation the system could be legally categorised as lsquoLand Registerrsquo of property titles
or as a deeds system In some countries the system is known as lsquoCadastrersquo or maintained
by the cadastre it reports property information combined with information such as maps
country planning or environment
The lsquorelevant land datarsquo means the land parcel address property coordinates property ID
when available parcel ID in other cases owner parcel map encumbrances and price of
acquisition This subset of data (or most of it) is generally considered as minimum
information (taking into account that other data may be stored in addition to the above or
considered at later stage)
lsquoInterconnectionrsquo means that the study will assess whether when and according to which
conditions through the e-Justice Portal some users could be authorised to search and
access (view only and when possible obtain some documented evidence) relevant land
data from registers managed by participating Member States
114 Methodology and approach
The methodology used to conduct the business analysis included several steps which are
outlined further below
1141 Desktop research
This method included the review of the previous studies projects and other relevant
documentation in the field of cross-border access to land register information During this
phase the overview of relevant actors was prepared which allowed identifying the
stakeholders to be contacted in the course of the study
1142 Use of Questionnaires
This step consisted of collecting relevant information via study questionnaires from
stakeholders in 28 EU Member States Initial meetings with the European Land Registers
Association (ELRA) the European Land Information Service (EULIS) and the European
Location Framework (ELF) were organised these organisations provided input for the
preparation of questions Three questionnaires were disseminated to each of the Member
States via e-mail
Questionnaire 1 Identification ndash aimed at investigating the land registersrsquo organisational
structure as well as identifying the contact points for the relevant authorities The
questionnaire was distributed when using the initial list formed from contacts acquired
through DG Justice the European Land Registry Network (ELRN) and the EULIS
21
projects supplemented by the information provided by ELRA and the Permanent
Committee on Cadastre in EU (PCC)
Questionnaire 2 Business ndash had the objective of gathering information on land data
specificities in the 28 EU Member States in order to collect the requested elements of the
business analysis Amongst others questions on data completeness and availability of
searches legal value of information and payment methods were asked
Questionnaire 3 Technical ndash aimed at investigating the technological landscape and land
register capabilities across the EU The questions targeted the audience regarding possible
approaches with regard to the Land Registers Interconnection and potential candidate
platforms for performing on-line payments
Consolidated answers to Questionnaires 1 2 and 3 can be found in Section 2
1143 Visits and interviews
Following the receipt of responses to the Questionnaires several Member States were
chosen for conducting interviews The below table presents the selection criteria for
choosing Member States for interviews
Criteria EE ES FR IT SE NL
Large amount of properties
possessed by nationals from other
EU Member states
X X X
Expected issues X6 X
7
Collaboration with EULIS X X X
Implementation of payment system X X X X
Implementation of web-services X X
Presence of registration X X X
Table 1 Member States selected for interviews or visits (criteria)
The results of the interviews are aggregated with written answers in the Annexes8
6 Digitised system that requires human intervention 7 In France there are 354 property registers with no interaction between them Moreover there is no Internet
portal that allows public to consult these registers 8 Interviews reports have been annexed to this report
22
1144 Expert meeting
In the course of the study the European Commission DG Justice invited experts from EU
Member States to a discussion on the possible LRI on 19 May 2014 at the European
Commission Conference Centre in Brussels9 During the meeting the attendees were
invited to provide their input on the initial findings of the study
1145 Business analysis report
The analysis of the information collected during the study which included the initial
inventory of work answers to the Questionnaires feedback received during the on-line
interviews with the selected Member States and expert meeting as well as discussions with
relevant actors resulted in the present comprehensive business analysis report
9 ILICON consortium (2014) Land Registers Interconnection Minutes of Meeting General Justice 1st Sub-
Group Meeting 19th May 2014
23
12 State of Play
121 Relevant Actors
A number of key actors in the field of land data registration have been identified in the
course of the study Apart from the national authorities the overview of which is
presented in Section 1231 several European organisations are active in different areas
related to land registration and cadastre
European Land Registers Association (ELRA) is an association composed of
30 organisations representing the land registries of 22 EU Member States Its
mission is the development and understanding of the role of land registration in
real property and capital markets ELRA seeks to underline the significance of
Land Registries in Europe as juridical institutions and the scope of the effects of
registration pronouncements as a key tool for progress in the field of property
European Land Information Service (EULIS) is a European Economic Interest
Grouping (EEIG) governed by members each responsible for land and property
information in its own country or region It owns a service that provides easy
access to land and property information for professional customers in Europe It
is also a hub of information where one can find out about different land
registration conditions in each country EULISrsquo long-term mission is to underpin
a single European property market through cross border lending
Permanent Committee on Cadastre in European Union (PCC) is an
organisation that joins together the Cadastral Institutions of the EU Member
States The PCC mission is to promote the awareness of the activities related to
cadastre and to develop strategies with the aim of achieving better coordination
among the different European cadastral systems
EuroGeographics is a non-profit association consisting of the European
cadastre land registry and national mapping authorities It brings together 59
members from 47 countries across Europe Its mission is to further develop the
European Spatial Data Infrastructure through collaboration in the area of
geographical information The vision of the EuroGeographics is to achieve
lsquointeroperabilityrsquo of our Membersrsquo national land and geographic information
assets in order to provide Europe with an information asset that will support
its goal to become the most competitive and sustainable economy in the world
The Council of European Geodetic Surveyors (CLGE) is the leading
organisation representing the geodetic surveying profession in Europe It is
present in 35 European countries including the 28 EU Member States CLGE
promotes the interests of the profession in the EU and fosters its development in
the Council of European countries
All of the above organisations signed an agreement lsquoCommon Visionrsquo for cooperation on
cadastre and land registry issues10
10 EUROGRAPHICS PCC ELRA EULIS CLGE (2013) An agreement lsquoCommon Visionrsquo for cooperation
on cadastre and land registry issues
24
122 Recent developments
In the past years significant developments took place in the area of land registers
cadastres land data sharing and common standards These are briefly presented further
below
1221 ELRN IMOLA and CROBECO projects
The previously described ELRA association is the leader of three important projects in the
area of land data
The European Land Registers Network (ELRN) is composed of 22 ELRA
members from 19 EU Member States Each organisation appoints a land registry
officer expert in property rights and land registration as its contact point for the
Network The contact points will have the task to advise EU authorities judges
notaries and other legal professionals about how to draft documents in a way that
complies with local land registration law
The Interoperability MOdel for LAndregisters (IMOLA) project was launched
with the purpose of increasing the accessibility and transparency of land registry
information and to facilitate the registration of cross-border documents More
specifically the project aims at establishing a standard means of access to land
registry information creating a standard template for the presentation of land
registry information as well as providing support and training to Land Registrars
and others
The CROss Border Electronic COnveyancing (CROBECO) project aims to set
up a framework governing a conveyancing process for foreign buyers of real
estate The framework for such a process is described in a Cross Border
Conveyancing Reference Framework (CCRF) In the long term the CCRF could
be developed as a basis for optional generic European digital conveyancing rules
A follow-up project aims to implement the tools proposed in the CCRF
1222 EULIS LINE project
As mentioned before EULIS is an EEIG owning a platform (hardware software) which
provides online access to land and property information across Europe to meet the needs
of professional users - lenders conveyancers and other professional groups EULIS
members are divided into two groups
Members with full live service Austria Ireland Lithuania Netherlands Sweden
and Spain (6 countries that are all EU Member States)11
Members that are not or partly connected or that support the EULIS initiative and
have indicated that when conditions are more favourable they will connect Czech
Republic England and Wales Finland Macedonia and Scotland (5 regions or
countries noting that some are not EU Member States)
11 EULIS (2013) EULIS country table state of play November 2013 (Country table state of play update
Nov 2013xls)
25
This service is restricted to registered users which are professional users Such users log
in via their national registers and after being redirected back to the EULIS web site they
can search separately in any of the interconnected land registers A common search
interface is prepared but not yet available Where national registers impose payment this
is handled by EULIS by forwarding information on the transaction costs to the users
national provider who is responsible for charging the user and compensating the remote
national register Additionally EULIS provides free access to certain type of information
such as on legal concepts registration effects of real property conveyance and mortgaging
or contact details of authorities involved in the real property transactions
EULIS plays a crucial role with regard to the possible LRI since the project constitutes the
first successful example of cross-border exchange of land data Any LRI should thus build
on the business and technical experience gained from EULIS as well as the Land
INformation for Europe (LINE) project
The LINE project is the follow-up development of EULIS in the period of 2010-2012
LINE delivered the next generation of EULIS 20 platform offering to new land registry
organisations a possibility to easily and cost-effectively connect and share services across
Europe The main improvements of EULIS 20 include
Change in the architecture (the decision to apply SOA)
Move towards open source software platform
Opening up the service for public users to make certain search requests on land
properties
1223 INSPIRE Directive and related networks
An important development in the field of spatial data infrastructure is the Directive
establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community
(INSPIRE)12
The main goal of this initiative was to create a European Union spatial data
infrastructure which will enable the sharing of environmental spatial information among
public sector organisations across Europe The INSPIRE Directive came into force on 15
May 2007 and is currently undergoing implementation with full implementation required
by 2019 Various instruments have been set up in Member States in order to meet the
roadmap deadlines and to manage the work required to develop an infrastructure that is
both INSPIRE Directive compliant and effective13
However even though substantial
advances have been made since the transposition of the Directive into national legislation
there are still considerable gaps between countries and some barriers and uncertainties
exists with regard to overlapping competences and roles and duties to be undertaken14
It is assumed that INSPIRE could be re-used by the Land Registers Interconnection
solution in the scope of the exchange of the spatial data
12 Directive 20072EC establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community
(INSPIRE) [OJ L108 14032007 p 1]
See also httpinspirejrceceuropaeu 13 See httpwwwenvironieenDevelopmentHousingPlanningDevelopmentINSPIREDirective 14 See httpinspireeceuropaeureportscountry_reports_mr2012IT-INSPIRE-Report-EN-TRA-
0_DOCpdf
26
Two networks need a special mention in this context as their development is related to the
principles laid out in the Inspire Directive They are both led by the above described
EuroGeographics association
The Cadastre and Land Registry Knowledge Exchange Network (CadampLR
KEN) aims at helping its members to meet usersrsquo needs with regard to cadastral
information at both national and European level The network produced a number
of relevant documents considered in the context of present study Cadastre
iNSPIREd Report15
Cadastre and Land Registry Information Resource16
Cadastre and Land Registry Information Resource 217
Role of the cadastral
parcel in INSPIRE and SDI18
The INSPIRE Knowledge Exchange Network (INSPIRE KEN) is the group
established following the development of the INSPIRE Directive19
Its purpose is
to allow experts to share their experiences on the implementation of the INSPIRE
Directive
In addition to the knowledge exchange networks EuroGeographics association is leading
the European Location Framework (ELF) project which aims at delivering a pan-
European cloud platform and web services for building on the existing work of the
INSPIRE Directive The project brings together 30 participating companies including
national and regional mapping and cadastral agencies software developers application
providers as well as research and academia The project co-funded by the European
Commission was launched in March 2013 and will run for three years
Another spatial data related project led by PCC is the Cadastral Information System as
a resource for the EU policies which provides a set of documentation containing an
overview of the cadastral systems of the EU Member States20
The above overview included developments in the area of land data registration which are
of most relevance when analysing the possible solution for LRI Apart from the projects
listed above however other interesting information sources were identified in the course
of this study The full list of these sources of information can be found in Section 47 of
the report
15 EUROGRAPHICS PCC (2011) Cadastre iNSPIREd Report ndash January 2011 16 EUROGRAPHICS (2008) Cadastres and Land Registries Source of information - March 2008 17 EUROGRAPHICS (2010) Cadastres and Land Registries Source of information 2 - July 2010 18 EUROGRAPHICS (2007) The cadastral parcel in NSDIrsquos and in INSPIRE ndash August 2007 19 EUROGRAPHICS (2013) INSPIRE KEN Public meetings presentations
(httpwwweurogeographicsorgcontentpublic-meetings-5) 20 PCC (2008) CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM a resource for the EU policies OVERVIEW ON
THE CADASTRAL SYSTEMS OF THE EU MEMBER STATES PART I (AT BE CZ DE IT SK ES
SE)
PCC (2009) CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM a resource for the EU policies OVERVIEW ON
THE CADASTRAL SYSTEMS OF THE EU MEMBER STATES PART II (CY FI GR HU PL SI)
PCC (2009) CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM a resource for the EU policies OVERVIEW ON
THE CADASTRAL SYSTEMS OF THE EU MEMBER STATES PART III (EE LT LU DK RO PT)
PCC (2010) CADASTRAL INFORMATION SYSTEM a resource for the EU policies OVERVIEW ON
THE CADASTRAL SYSTEMS OF THE EU MEMBER STATES PART IV (CY FI GR HU PL SI)
27
123 Land Data Specificities in EU Member States
The present section contains an overview of the organisation and content of existing land
registers as reported by Member States Information received during the meetings with
other stakeholders such as EULIS and ELRA is also included as an additional input
For detailed information about national registers and their organisation please refer to
Section 2 of the report
1231 National establishments for land data registration
In the course of the study a high number of specific establishments for registering land
data were identified across the EU It was also found that their distribution per Member
States differs significantly due to registers established at regional level (out of 436 offices
355 of them are located in one Member State in some cases with no consolidation at the
level of a central registers) They include land registers cadastres address registers and
other types of registers In some cases the dual function of land register and cadastre is
embedded into the national registers that are known to perform multiple generic tasks In
addition registers with specific purpose have been reported by Member States created in
accordance to distinct national provisions (eg a purchase price register property tax id
register register of agricultural charges register of sasines or a crofting register)
Depending on how the land data registration is organised in a specific Member State
different national authorities are responsible for the financing and maintenance of
registers The examples are the Ministry of Justice the State Department responsible for
land registration the Geodesy and Cartography agency local courts or the Ministry of
Environment
1232 On-line availability and level of digitisation
The feedback received from the national experts revealed that the vast majority of
Member States provide on-line access21
at least on some subset of data as illustrated in
Figure 2
Figure 2 On-line availability
21 On-line information is considered as data available on Internet
23
5
On-line
Off-line
28
Across each Member State there is at least one land register with fully digitised data
Within a very few Member States the information is not fully digitised However they are
currently consolidating efforts in achieving this objective Thus electronic access exists
today at least for the internal needs of national administrations when registers are not on-
line for external users Therefore the land register digitisation picture in Europe is close to
10022
However the whole land register history and all properties are not always fully
covered mainly because electronic registration started around or after year 2000 in a
number of countries and it was not always possible and reasonable to provide the effort to
digitalise the old historical backlog Access to electronic registers is mainly depending on
policy decisions (each LR authority checking that no legal barrier exists) and on technical
capacities In some cases the register is maintained off-line meaning that the LR
authorities only have access to it In other cases some on-line access is implemented
either to the register or to a specific subset of information extracted from the register for
the general public or for specific categories of professional users like notaries or
geometers
The study revealed that nearly all Member States with electronic off-line or paper based
registers would answer requests from users from other Member States if these are sent
electronically via a standard form in case the register is off-line for external users the
relevant authority would provide an answer by mail (asynchronous way)
When currently proposed by land registers the existing available query forms are written
in the language of the country owning the register (in the case LRI would be based on a
commoninteroperable data structure this should not be necessary anymore)
After the request is received the answer - where not provided on-line - is manually
retrieved by the registrar from an off-line or paper based system and then submitted in a
response to the original request always in the language of the country owning the register
Currently only one Member State with an off-line register does not see the possibility to
provide asynchronous answers to future cross-border on-line requests
1233 Land register and cadastre
As reported on in section 112 two main forms of registering land information coexist in
Europe From a conceptual point of view they are seen as
The land register a public register of rights concerning real property where the
history of transactions (a chain of deeds forging together some evidence) or the
actual title of property itself is registered
22 SI started electronic registration only from 2011 only
In UK EampW only 83 is covered
In ES registration is on voluntary basis and they still keep paper books for the transitional period
MT started electronic registration in 1995 ndash previous records are paper based
In BE deeds are stored only from 2001 and only 50 is covered
In BG electronic registration started in 2009
Similarly EL ndash registration started in 2000
In PL 95
In IE 90
29
The cadastre a systematic description of the land units within an area (mostly
based on maps) and for each parcel providing a unique identification number
location boundaries and surface In addition it may provide information about
owners land classes values and land taxes
The previous experience gained from the EULIS project has proved that having an LRI
that is augmented by information on the boundaries of a parcel of land is a need expressed
by citizens and professionals To illustrate such a requirement it is important to state that
nearly half of the Member States have already integrated their land registers with cadastre
or provide a single interface enabling the communication between these systems The
Study specifications also confirm this need when stating that lsquothe term lsquoland registerrsquo is
used in its broadest meaning for the purposes of this study so a primary goal is to
indicate for each Member State exactly which national register(s) contain land
informationrsquo
Attention should be drawn however to the differences in the legal value of property data a
property title provides legal certainty whereas a picture or a map has no such legal value
(it is a piece of information subject to free appreciationinterpretation) Thus when
communicating information such as location boundaries surface map country planning
or environmental data careful consideration to its value should be given
1234 Title vs Deeds
As already previously mentioned different registration systems are used across Europe
title and deed systems While some Member States use only a deed or only a title system
other Member States use both From the results presented in Figure 3 it can be concluded
that the title systems prevails over the deed systems
The use of different systems in the Member States affects the possible interconnection as
it may lead to different data aggregation framing or presentation requirements it may also
result in difficulties to present a uniform result or offering a uniform search Such
constraints should thus be taken into account when designing the LRI solution
11
12
5
Titles
Titles and deeds
Deeds
Figure 3 Titles vs Deeds in Member States
30
1235 Data availability
After the initial analysis of the information provided by ELRN it was found that the land
data available in the national systems varies in terms of scope structure and format as
well as in the way it is presented and interpreted A minimal set of parameters based on
tests done on the EULIS platform and EULIS experience was considered by the study
team
Parcel address or location
Parcel ID
Parcel geographic coordinates
Parcel owner
Land register map - graphic information
Known encumbrances mortgages etc
Purchase price
The study highlighted that most registers may provide more than the seven considered
parameters
Figure 4 Data availability in Member States
In spite of the high degree of availability of the selected parameters their significance
should be carefully analysed For example the lsquoParcel IDrsquo can refer to cadastral data
(countries where the registry does not necessarily use the cadastral parcel as a basic unit)
however it can also refer to the national unique property identifier to the property
identification number in the local registry or to a land book identifier The lsquoParcel addressrsquo
data structure also varies in the Member States due to different national standards
Addresses are administered and managed differently in the Member States often by
different organisations and under different laws Although all national or local address
systems share similar concepts and general properties differences exist in formal and
informal standards rules schemas and data models ndash this issue is discussed in depth in the
INSPIRE Data Specification on Addresses23
In some Member States several possibilities
exist for defining the lsquoParcel addressrsquo within a country (eg only a place name used in
rural areas or different rules applicable for rural and urban areas24
)
23 INSPIRE D28I5 INSPIRE Data Specification on Addresses 24 Wikipedia httpenwikipediaorgwikiAddress_(geography)
19
81
Not available
Available
31
Figure 5 depicts the results of the analysis which reveals that commonalities and
intersections exist between data structure and their characteristics across the Member
States A number of registers contain many more parameters than this lsquominimal setrsquo
However as the set is available in a majority of Member States their availability in the
framework of LRI could be considered as a good starting point
Figure 5 Parameters availability in Member States
1236 Search capability
Due to the facts that the four main search fields are present in the majority of land
registers we may consider these four fields a good starting point to make a search form
While the form would be common for all registers specific fields could be shaded if not
used or available in a particular register As Figure 6 depicts 67 of the considered
parameters are ready to be searched in national registers
Figure 6 Searches capabilities
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
Purchase price
Encumbrances
Map
Coordinates
Owner
Parcel ID
Parcel address
16 27
28
22
27
26
25
Data Availability
33
67
Not available
Available
32
Figure 7 presents the number of Member States having the available search parameters
Figure 7 Available searches in Member States
It appears that the search by property or parcel ID is the most popular search type
available across the Member States Search by parcel address is available in more than
half of them Some do not offer or apply specific conditions when a search on owner data
is requested
Nearly all Member States share one common search parameter (by lsquoproperty IDrsquo but this
field is variously interpreted) half share two parameters (by lsquoowner namersquo and by
lsquoproperty IDrsquo) and another half share another two parameters (by lsquoaddressrsquo and by
lsquoproperty IDrsquo)
Encumbrances and purchase price when available are useful information to retrieve when
attached to a specific property but using it as search parameters does not appear useful
1237 Language
In general terms search forms and data are available in Member Statesrsquo national
languages In case one Member State uses multiple official languages these are available
in the land registers accordingly (sometimes with the limitation to the applicable region)
Only in several of them a subset of information is additionally provided in English next to
the national language(s) or a translation facility is provided
Consequently in line with the practices applied on the Portal users should be allowed to
select their working language
The query form has to be proposed to a Portal user in the language that heshe has
activated on the Portal (presumably the native language of this user) Validation
messages in case the user entries do not fit with the data structure agreed with the
relevant LR (for example the structure for a lsquoproperty IDrsquo) must also be provided in
this language
The resulting request forwarded by the Portal LRI system should be understood by
the receiving LR
a In the framework of an online web service it is enough if the relevant LR
receives a validated data structure (as agreed for communication between
the Portal and this LR)
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
Map
Owner
Parcel ID
Parcel address
15
20
24
15
Search available
Search available
33
b In the framework of an asynchronous answer the LRI must produce a
query form written in the language of the receiving LR allowing human
recipients (members of the LR administration) to understand the request
The answer should be understood by the user
a In the framework of an online web service it is enough if the relevant LR
returns a convenient data structure (as agreed for communication between
the LR and the Portal) This data structure will be presented to the user
inside an answer form written in the language selected by the user
b In the framework of an asynchronous answer the requested LR will
produce an answer form (that will be sent by mailemail) This answer form
should also be translated or provided in the userrsquos language (at least
regarding the field names and all data that are categorised in a limited
number of possible values)
The main issue is related to free-text data that are only available in the original language
but the selected set of parameters contains no (or very few) free text the address (street
name number zip code city) does not need translation The same is true with respect to
the parcel or property ID owner coordinates map and acquisition price Encumbrances
when not reported according to a limited number of categories could possibly be
translated and understood according to an LR glossary
1238 Legal value of provided information
The analysis showed that similar standards exist in attributing legal value to specific
information The examples of distinct practices applied in several Member States are
Information is produced for illustrative purposes only without a formal guarantee
that it corresponds to legal reality
Information reproduces the content of the register at the time of the delivery
however there is no formal guarantee that the register is up to date and
corresponds to the legal reality regarding the establishment of a property title
A legal guarantee is provided in the form of a legal certificate at the time of
delivery The certificate can be used in court as a title of property In such cases
the possibilities for providing this in another language will be limited
The analysis revealed that in the majority of the Member States the information can be
provided as a legal certificate (eg sent by mail in an asynchronous way) Furthermore in
some of them when submitting a request the user can specify whether the data should be
delivered in the form of a legal certificate or the request is made for information purposes
only
1239 Registration and authentication process
The analysis of the registration and authentication process in the Member States led to the
conclusion that the most common practise across the EU is sharing information with
registered users only However several Member States provide access to data without
requiring user registration while others allow access to basic data for unregistered users
When some registration is a requirement it is because (in a majority of Member States)
34
information is provided upon receipt of payment without the need to provide a particular
professional certificate
Various technical methods for authentication were identified
User ID and password
Digital signature or certificate
National ID-card
Mobile-ID (the SIM card of a mobile phone works as an identity tool -
implemented in EE only)
On-line bank authentication (implemented in EE only)
Another form of authentication is proving the userrsquos profession (eg notary registered
lawyer property agencies judges and credit and insurance institutions) to access a
specific on-line data file implemented for these profession or more sensitiveconfidential
data
Several observations could be made in regards to national and non-national user access to
the registers In two Member States access to the land registry can be granted only to
national users provided that certain conditions are fulfilled provision of a national digital
certificate verification of the userrsquos account against the e-mail address or submission of a
written on-line application form for each category of users In one of the Member States
access to users from other Member States is decided on a case by case basis
Nevertheless the legal provisions of the vast majority of the Member States allow non-
national users to access their land register data
Figure 8 below shows that only in two Member States the national legislation does not
permit access to the data from outside the national territory
Figure 8 Access to users from other EU Member States
It should be mentioned that in some Member States national provisions foresee
additional requirements to access data (eg the foreign requestor should provide a national
ID card or digital signature) These provisions were however established for the purpose
of additional legal control rather than for imposing obstacles to access the data
The above findings confirm a significant degree of diversity among Member States
regarding user authentication In most cases authentication is simply related to the need
for a payment Authentication for providing access rights of justice professionals is more
26
2
Access allowed
Not allowed
35
complex and depending on national regulation This could be a reason for postponing the
authentication process of professionals to a later phase of possible development (Phase 2)
12310 Access constraints
Regardless of the common data protection standards at EU level the study revealed that
legal provisions in this area vary from one Member States to another
In 9 Member States25
a user has to prove ndash or at least to declare or invoke - a
legitimate interest in order to get access to the land data This interest is an
assumption in many cases owner of the property notary bailiff employee or
public servant acting by reason of his office and institution of judicial
superintendence do not have to declare their legitimate interest
In 18 Member States it would not be currently possible for everyone to search
for information using the personrsquos identification data However when searching
on other criteria such as the address or a property ID it is possible to discover
the owner (this information is available in 27 Member States moreover in 15
Member States search functionality is accessible to everyone whereas in 9
Member States it is available upon demonstration of a legitimate interest)
12311 Payment methods
Most Member States have a structure in place which requires a fee in exchange for data
access Only 4 Member States provide free access to their data In another 2 Member
States some exemptions from payment currently exist (eg applicable for the owner) The
below Figure 9 depicts the current situation
Figure 9 Access fee
25 This information has been collected by the ELRN ES EE EL CY DE BE IE PL RO have reported the
necessity of a legitimate interest However MS are not always explicit regarding this requirement HR and
PT laws states that there is no need to prove a legitimate interest When the requirement is explicit the law
may not detail the exact special evidences or information to be provided in order to prove the existence of a
legitimate interest
22
4 2
Paid
Free
Exemptions
36
It should be noted that generally the provision of service is free of charge for national
governmental organisations whereas administrative structures from other Member States
are generally required to pay a fee
As regards the payment means the vast majority of Member States accept credit and debit
cards and only some Member States deviate from this approach as illustrated in Figure 9
Figure 10 Payment method
The execution time of the payment differs as well with pre-paid payment being the most
commonly used Post-paid payment a subscription and the combinations of these types of
payments (together with a pre-paid payment) were also observed and should thus be
allowed for in a common integrated system
Usually the time of the execution of a payment determines a specific payment means
Pre-paid payment ndash paid by cash or cheque money transfer creditdebit card
Post-paid payment ndash executed via money transfer
Subscription ndash paid using direct debit or money transfer
12312 Rules and procedures for data updating
The study confirmed that depending on national processes the time needed to update the
register may vary Therefore as the time where the information is considered as
reliableexhaustive cannot be predicted in a uniform way each piece of information has to
be delivered with a time stamp taking into account that the situation may change
afterwards Since it does not appear reasonable to keep trace of and update all provided
answers over a long period of time land register authorities limit the answer validity to the
delivery time by convenient disclaimers the excerpt from the land register reflects the
legal status at the moment of issuing and gives legal effect to the excerpt made at that
moment
12313 Participation in a possible pilot project
In the course of the study all Member States were asked whether they would be available
to participate in a possible future pilot project on the interconnection of Land Registers
The objective of the pilot project could be to test and evaluate the solution proposed as the
Phase 1 of Land Registers Interconnection Nearly half of the Member States reported to
17
8
3
CreditDebit
To be defined
Other
37
be willing to participate in such a pilot project and another group of Member States are
open for discussion (eg a positive decision would be determined by the possibility to
receive outside funding etc)
Figure 11 Member Statesrsquo willingness to participate in the pilot
Member States which showed an interest in participating in a possible pilot project
underlined that they see it as a new tool to expand their real estate market Also they
consider it as a possibility to implement and test the integration of national land registry
and cadastre
As the above figure demonstrates 8 Member States would not wish to participate in a
possible pilot however this is mostly due to them being burdened by their current
workloadprojects and therefore this should not be interpreted to mean resistance against
a possible Land Registers Interconnection project
13
4
8
3
Want to participate
Open for discussion
Pilot not supported
No answer
38
13 Business requirements
The results of the Member Statesrsquo consultation have shown that several commonalities are
present amongst them This fact analysed more in depth in the previous section opens the
door to a possible interconnection of land registers across Europe This section of the
report will analyse the main needs that a possible solution could provide an answer for
It is worth noting that a number of potential business cases have been identified based on
suggestions received from the Member Statesrsquo experts
Providing information on burdens (such as buyers or a sellers creditors) that may
affect a given property
Cross boarder insolvency proceedings
Successions - according Regulation (UE) 650201226
LR information should
facilitate the completion of the Certificate of succession when it comprises
immovable assets of the deceased located in a different MS
Exchange of legal data regarding ownership and charges among Member States
(eg see the Brussels Regulation27
and Regulation (EU) No 1215201228
)
In spite of the number of domains where Member States share common practices there
are also diverse approaches that need to be considered From the findings some of the
differences identified cover
Legal context (eg deed vs title systems legal value of the retrieved data)
Conditions under which a land register can be accessed (different level of access
different registrationuser authentication methods service costs)
Scope of the information stored in land registers and data available on-line
Search parameters and the scope of the information retrieved
The purpose for which (taxation or justice) and the way Land Registersrsquo data is
currently being used
Due to these diversities several requirements were identified that the future solution needs
to take into account These are defined in detail further below
131 Processing of data
While the majority of Member States offer on-line access to their land data a few others
still use off-line registers which are available for national administrations only The
search process can be common in all cases (on-line or off-line) When the registers are off-
26 Regulation (EU) No 6502012 on jurisdiction applicable law recognition and enforcement of decisions
and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a
European Certificate of Succession [OJ L 201107 2772012] 27 Council Regulation (EC) No 442001 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in
civil and commercial matters (the Brussels Regulation) [OJ L121 1612001] 28 Regulation (EU) No 12152012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil
and commercial matters (recast) [OJ L3511 20122012]
39
line the LR administration acts as an information broker delivering the requested data by
mail or e-mail after checking the legitimate interest of the requester when applicable
Independently of the access mode implementing a common presentation standard for the
query form would be an advantage for facilitating the submission of the query form in the
framework of LRI While the query form could be always submitted on-line this leaves
different options for processing the question and providing the answers (on-line or by
maile-mail)
132 No digital information or off-line information only
One Member State does not have land data available in a digital format even if it may be
considering to have land register services digitalised in the near future In five Member
States the system is not on-line (used internally by the LR administration only) Any
interconnection system should thus also cater for off-line and paper based registers
together with the on-line service
133 Data distribution
Due to the existence of regional registers that are not integrated or consolidated into a
unique database at national level the solution should allow the integration of registers at
different levels (nationally but also regionally) The selection of the relevant register must
be done after selection of the searched region (eg the lsquoLanderrsquo in Germany) Therefore
the solution must clearly inform users which regional register has provided the answer in
any case where the searched Member State has multiple registers
134 Scope and format of data
The land data available in the national systems varies in terms of its scope structure
formats the way it is presented and its legal value including the way it can be used (in
court to purchase a property etc) Any possible LRI solution therefore has to cater to the
existing diversity while providing a harmonised approach
Any solution should support various data sets for each Member State This would allow
compliance with national legislation including the different type of register in use (title vs
deed) In reality this means that various search fields and search responses would be
supported by a LRI Moreover any system would also need to allow for the management
of these search fields (addition removal modification) In order to facilitate its
implementation the search capabilities of a LRI could be implemented gradually
It is foreseen that if a harmonised schema for data exchange ndash a common communication
protocol ndash would be adopted it would simplify data exchange increase productivity and
minimise data waste as well as errors during a possible LRI implementation
135 Land register data vs cadastre data
As previously discussed there are two property registration systems present in Europe
providing different sets of information Due to the availability of new technologies land
register information is nowadays often complemented with supporting information (parcel
description and size environmental data maps pictures territorial planning etc) and in
some Member States the property data are merged with the cadastre and such other
40
information in single systems In other cases however the information is scattered in
different systems and different sets of information are collected Based on experience
from the Member States with an integrated land register and cadastre system users see a
need to complement property related information with additional information on the
property because it is helpful to assess the property value and to prepare a real estate
transaction A system should thus allow even if only in the second phase for the
possibility to find the above supporting data in addition to property and legal status data
Obtaining maps and other available supporting information (without the same legal value
as property data) would provide a more complete and useful picture of the searched
property However in case such supporting information is not merged with the property
related information in a single national file combining access to different files and
aggregating the extracted data in a single answer will increase the complexity and cost of
the interconnection
136 User authentication
The e-Justice Strategy and Action plan adopted by the JHA council and the Strategy on
European e-Justice29
foresee the vision of lsquoa uniform authentication procedure to open up
for members of the legal professions the various functionalities reserved for them to
which they will have differentiated access rights It should be advisable to provide for
such a possibility for authentication for non-professionals alsorsquo The Strategy states that
lsquoMembers of the judicial authorities should be given secure access to the various
functionalities reserved for them they should have differentiated access rights and a
uniform or interoperable authentication method should applyrsquo
The analysis performed has shown that implementing a uniform procedure would support
access control and payment facilities of all potential participants in the LRI when relevant
or required easy and uniform registration for accessing information that is available for all
(possibly after providing some justification on the legitimate interest) and payingbeing
invoiced for fees would also benefit professional users thanks to standard query forms in
their native language thanks to the automatic forwarding of the form to the relevant
register thanks to receiving standard invoices In Phase 2 provided a mutual trust
authentication system will be implemented judicial authorities and other professionals
may benefit from differentiated and specific access rights The condition is to cater for the
various authentication and certification processes found in the Member States
Given that professional capacity certification (meaning the act of confirming that a person
is indeed a legal or other professional) is an action that is not necessarily performed by
land registrars a possible solution could also ensure that this activity is carried out by
trusted third parties (eg using the relevant professional organisation or other Member
Statesrsquo administration as a trusted third party) This would imply interconnecting the LRI
platform with third party certification authorities The third party could either be located in
a Member State of the userrsquos origin or in the one owning the register Such a system could
provide a solution to the finding that even when some LR data are available for everyone
for 15 land register systems the Member Statesrsquo legislation requires a specific
IDpassword or other authentication method for professional users categories providing
29 Strategy on European e-Justice 2014-2018 [OJ C 376 21122013 p 7]
41
them a specific (or a more complete) access to land register data With regard to
professional users authentication and the different type of roles associated with those
users there could be different kind of search parameters allowed as well as different data
sets available in the response retrieved
137 Data protection
The existing EU data protection rules (provided for in Directive 9546EC30
and
Regulation (EC) 45200131
as well as other relevant legal instruments) has undergone a
major review process which resulted in the General Data Protection Regulation proposed
in 201232
Personal data means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person
(ie the owner of property) even if that person can be identified indirectly (by reference to
an identification number tax-payer number etc) The European Commissionrsquos decision
on the protection of personal data in the European e-Justice Portal33
specifies amongst
others the conditions for storing personal data on the Portal
lsquoNo personal data relating to the data subjects shall be stored in the Portal All
such data shall be stored in the national databases operated by the Member States
or other bodiesrsquo
lsquoPersonal data relating to or provided by Portal users shall not be stored in the
Portal other than in cases where they have signed up as registered users Personal
data of registered users shall be stored until they request the deletion of their
registrationrsquo
It is worth adding that questions formulated by justice professionals should not be
disclosed the fact that the Notary X investigates properties owned by Company Y is
covered by secrecy rules as implemented for relevant professions by national authorities
Disclosing such information (even when it is disclosed by an employee a contractor or a
third party) may be prosecuted34
Therefore data transfer must be secured and should only
be accessed by the authorised recipient
Regardless of common legislation at EU level the study revealed that legal provisions on
the protection of land data vary from one Member State to another (eg the requirement to
prove a legitimate interest or no possibility to search based on identification data) Any
possible solution must respect these different access requirements
30 Directive 9546EC on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on
the free movement of such data [OJ L 281 23111995 p 31] 31 Council Regulation (EC) No 452001 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of
personal data by the Community institutions and bodies and on the free movement of such data [OJ L 8
12012001 p 1] 32 Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of individuals
with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (General Data
Protection Regulation) COM2012011 final of 2512012 33 EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2014) 2014333EU Commission Decision of 5 June 2014 on the
protection of personal data in the European e-Justice Portal 34 See for example 226-13 Code peacutenal (France)
42
138 Complement to provided information
Resulting from the diverse legal values of information that is available in land registers
and resulting from the possible delivery of data without any legal value (maps pictures
etc) it appears that any answers communicated to users in the framework of LRI must
always be provided together with the necessary disclaimers or the following precisions
Who is responsible for the provided information
What is the legal meaning and value of the data provided
What is the certainty level of the data provided
Until when was the information updated (time-stamp)
How to interpret search parameters and search results (eg property rights)
How to obtain legal output if this is not available on-line
The solution could also have a feature that would inform users in the form of a
disclaimer of the maintenance status of the national register(s) under query (legal
provisions regarding the time requested for updating the register or possibly previous time
periods that are not covered or on which the information is not digitalised)
139 Translation
Any LRI solution will need to be able to provide information in the various EU languages
Such information may include the conditions of the LRI service in a specific Member
State what the user has to know regarding the legal value of information provided by a
specific LR what are the payment conditions per request per property retrieved for
translating the response in another language if available etc
Moreover any disclaimer that is presented to the user should be available in the different
EU languages This is equally true of any standardised material such as a glossary) Such
a glossary is already present in the EULIS initiative A glossary hosted on the LRI
technical platform (a subset of the Portal) must be built as an ontologytaxonomy
establishing the meaning of specific LR concepts across the various jurisdictions
therefore it is more than a simple dictionary
Free text (unstructured descriptions) cannot be translated automatically by the LRI
technical platform mostly for liability reasons the limits of existing automatic translation
tools are well known However when a specific term appearing in a free text field is
present in the LR glossary hosted by the LRI platform this term could be highlighted and
linked to the LR glossary
In addition ndash applicable to asynchronous answers provided by mail after a certain delay
(some hours or days) ndash it was found that some LR authorities provide a translation service
(after payment of a feelump sum)35
The translation of the delivered information is
generally limited to English
35 For example Spain requests a lump sum of euro30 for providing an English translation of retrieved
information
43
1310 Payment system
As detailed in section 55 of the Annexe (Usage costs and payment methods per Member
State) the study gives a complete overview of Member States that provide land register
information for free whereas the majority require a fee For those requiring payment the
various possibilities and payment methods are highlighted in the lsquoProposals for handling
paymentsrsquo (part III) of this feasibility study Therefore a solution for a LRI must include a
payment system
This payment system must cater to the different payments methods used in the Member
States of which credit and debit card are the most common Furthermore the need for
formal and ndash when possible ndash global invoices (eg all fees paid to various registers in a
given period of time) was identified
1311 System implementation
A number of stakeholders have reported that a limited amount of cross-border searches
would lead to a low return on investments Moreover heavy up-front investments were
also found undesirable by Member States especially when some have reported having
limited resources to participate in a possible pilot project Therefore the LRI system
should cater for gradual and voluntary adoption in a first (or pilot) phase
44
14 The way forward
A significant number of Member States have communicated their interest in participating
in a pilot project Some others are open to discussion or did not take any position yet A
minority does not wish to participate in a pilot mostly due to their current workload
burden or because of an on-going land register re-organisation and not due to objections
to the LRI project
The possible way forward includes two main steps or phases for implementing the LRI
system The suggested division in two phases is motivated by the higher degree of
complexity of giving access rights to lsquoauthenticated justice professionals across the whole
EUrsquo (including administrations notaries etc) that would be similar to the access their
national colleagues have to the LR of their home State
The first phase of LRI that could be considered initially as a pilot phase would
present multiple advantages of coordination and integration a common architecture
and single management and maintenance of the technical platform multilingual and
standard query forms better integration inside the e-Justice Portal the possibility to
send one request to multiple registers implementation of an interoperable payment
system This first phase would be targeted to a large public access making it
possible to submit questions on-line and receive answers either on-line or in an
asynchronous way (depending on the policy of the requested LR) It would solve
issues related to the diversity of legal systems translation issues assessment of a
legitimate interest data protection etc These points may require some concrete
work indeed but that work is finally well defined and achievable within the current
legal framework (from the EU and Member States)
The second phase of LRI would be focused on the needs of more specific categories
of professional users including officials from other Member Statesrsquo
administrations in order to make their on-line access possible including their
specific access rights The aim of this phase would be to provide similar access to
all relevant LRs to all lsquousers that need to access LR information in the framework of
their professionrsquo even if they are not nationals of the Member State hosting the LR
This phase would tackle issues which are more serious and complex than those
dealt with in Phase 1 These are mainly related to authentication processes which
necessitate mutual trust and interconnection with multiple professional
organisations and in some cases the necessity for higher guarantees regarding the
protection of personal data
In addition there is one possible alternative (paving the way for a quick win) for Member
States that will not participate in the pilot project
Non-participating Member States could improve and manage their national pages
on the Portal and to link it to a lsquostandardrsquo query form ndash interacting with their own
LR system only Portal users could then fill in and submit these forms to the
national LR Such a system could provide synchronous (on-line) answers when the
national LR system is on-line or - in most cases - at least an asynchronous answer
(off line by mail or e-mail) - eg when the access to the national LR system is
restricted to the national administration which plays the role of human interface and
checks if a legitimate interest exists Such action should be coordinated with the
LRI project in order to present as far as possible similar lsquostandardrsquo query forms in
45
all relevant Member States even if some search fields would be
lsquodeactivatedshadedrsquo when not available in the searched LR
The three possibilities identified above are detailed hereafter
141 Phase 1 of Land Registers Interconnection
As already stated above the objectives of this Phase 1 introduced by a possible pilot
project are as follows
Testing the LRI and solving the issues referred to above
Implementing a real lsquoone-stop-shoprsquo based on a common managed architecture
and linked to a convenient payment system when applicable
Targeting a large public access ie addressing all questions that are not restricted
by specific privileges (working as a certain category of professional) or specific
access rights knowing that this system will also improve the current situation for
professionals
Submitting questions on-line and receiving answers in both on-line and
asynchronous form
1411 Legal diversity
The legal diversity of the different land registers in use in the Member States is an evident
finding of this study It is often presented as a fundamental issue which leads to the
information presented by various registers not being comparable
However the legal diversity and the value of provided information can be quite easily
categorised Clearly this legal diversity points to the important need to provide
complementary information but should not be seen as an obstacle to LRI It simply results
from the difference between the systems used in the various LR organisations ndash a minority
following purely a deed system others a title system and many handling both The LRI
should clearly support all these systems in their diversity through providing succinct but
clear information on the legal value of the information retrieved
The way to clarify the legal diversity is to provide the right information Before using the
service users (even justice professionals) have to know the legal value of the requested
information if it provides the guarantee of a property title if it may be used in court etc
This information can only be provided by the relevant Member State ie on the Member
State-owned Portal pages that will introduce the service and on the page that will present
the answer (or in the mail containing the response in case of an asynchronous answer)
Consequently LRI participating States have to provide property related information with
the appropriate complementary comments and disclaimers and the legal diversity is not an
issue for the Portal itself as a technical platform
The portal can support this process through proposing a standard template to categorise
the legal value
Is the response exhaustive as all land property is registered in the searched LR
At what time and until when is this information valid
46
Are the LR documents you will receive admissible in court as evidence
Are the LR documents you will receive valid as property certificate
Should you buy a property based on the result of a property inquiry through this
service
Can you usepresent copiesprints of delivered responses when selling your
house
Who is responsible for the information provided
How to obtain legal output (admissible on courtvalid as property certificate) if
this is not available via your on-line request
In case a given Member State connects multiple registers to the e-Justice Portal or in case a
question accesses multiple registers the information has to be provided for each register
The disclaimers should not be free unstructured text they should present pre-defined
information subject to translation to the userrsquos preferred language if needed The
categories proposed in Questionnaire 2 were
The provided information is produced for illustration purpose only without formal
guarantee that it corresponds to legal reality
The provided information reproduces the content of the register (X) at the time (Y)
of delivery however there is no formal guarantee that the register is up to date
and corresponds to the legal reality regarding the establishment of a property title
therefore the provided information is not valid as property title and cannot be
used for this purpose
The provided information is a legal certificate It has the state guarantee at the
time (Y) of delivery and ndash according to the condition of the attached disclaimer ndash
it is valid for establishing a title of property
1412 Linguistic diversity
Some Member States reported that they provide interfaces in other languages than the
national one Initiatives such as EULIS present query forms in English Based on the
selection of common search fields a standard query form can be proposed Search fields
not available in the targeted LR can be shown as lsquoinactiversquo or as a lsquoshaded arearsquo This form
like any other lsquostatic informationrsquo provided on the portal can be made available in all EU
languages
The linguistic diversity of provided answers is more problematic as the majority of the
Member States provide answers in their national language(s) only However similarities
between LR systems (titles or deeds) will help presenting information according to similar
templates and therefore will facilitate translation of at least some standardised elements of
the response
The response form if built according to a Portal template can translate all data that are
fixed or that are categorised in a well delimited list of possible values
The fixed fields names titles labels
The fields resulting from a lsquomultiple choicersquo or a lsquoYesNorsquo option
The standard disclaimers or information related to the legal value of the
information
47
On the contrary translating free-textunstructured information is more sensitive Machine
Translation will be available on the Portal but a decision would need to be taken on
providing this service also in the context of LRI For the pilot phase (Phase 1) the data
parameters (address ID owner coordinates map encumbrances price) contain no or few
free text needing translation
Translation and understanding of the answer (eg regarding information that could be
categorised as lsquoencumbrancesrsquo) would be facilitated by providing a specific LR glossary in
the Portal This glossary should be a collaborative work (among participating states) and
should be visible to all (allowing the legal community to contribute with suggestions for
improvements) The glossary must play the role of ontology that helps to understand the
difference between the legal systems These should be reflected linguistically as reported
by Member States a legal concept (as Usufructor Usufruit (France)Nieβbrauch
(Germany)Fruchtgenussrecht (Austria)) may have different meaning due to different
jurisdictions Such differences go beyond language barriers that could be solved simply by
translation
The multilingual LR glossary must work as taxonomy (thesaurus of equivalent legal
concepts providing detailed information) The Portal will be of great support for providing
a technical platform to host such a glossary
1413 Registration of Users (Phase 1)
This is another area where the Portal acting as a one-stop-shop may play an important role
as a facilitator
In the envisaged Phase 1 the user registration system may not provide specific access right
to LR data but will be used to allow users to manage their preferences and to benefit from
the common payment facility The Portal would facilitate connections by providing a
uniform registration process (providing via a specific registration system a User ID and
Password linked with a valid e-mail address) that could be connected to a convenient
payment system
A more elaborated (and complex) registration process should be proposed in the envisaged
Phase 2 especially when there is a requirement to prove and authenticate professional
capacity (administration notary geometer lawyer etc)
1414 Towards a common search form
The standard search form would be a multi-lingual interface which should exist in all
official EU languages (and not only in English or in a limited subset)
This will be possible by focusing the form on an initial minimum set of parameters
(selected among the lsquocandidatesrsquo) by knowing which parameter can be searched in the LR
of all Member States participating in the LRI project
This initial set of lsquocandidatesrsquo includes
Parcel Address
Parcel IDor Property Coordinates (according to the proposed formats)
Property Map
Owner (where this is available for public access)
48
Two other fields will be often available in the response but are not relevant for searching
Known encumbrances
Purchase Price
1415 Personal data protection
The processing of personal data on the Portal is subject to the Commissions Decision of 5
June 2014 on the protection of personal data in the European e-Justice Portal36
This
includes the processing of personal data through a possible LRI In practice this means that
as the LRI platform
The Portal will not store personal data (as if it was the data processor of a database
containing personal data even provided by third parties which are the data
controllers)
The global Portal usersrsquo registration (that is performed at the initiative and request
of each user) would be processed via ECAS (this EU service is external to the
Portal)
On-line answers would be provided by the relevant LRs through the Portal
operating as interfacecommunication network without storing these data
Asynchronous answers (mails from LR authorities to users) will stay outside the
Portals operation (no transitnetworking function)
The main sensitive point is allowing searches on the ownerrsquos name the owner is a search
parameter in 20 Member States but 15 Member States have implemented specific
authentication mechanisms for administration or professionals Disclosing the ownerrsquos
name after searching on an address or a parcelproperty ID (which is in most case a need
when the aim of a request is the processing of a real estate transaction) is less sensitive the
owner is available in the response in 27 Member States It is up to the relevant Member
States and LR authorities to decide if searches and answers containing names would be
authorised
When providing information LRs may add specific disclaimers or instructions concerning
the usereuse of personal data that could be part of the delivered information
It is worth adding that questions formulated by users should not be stored on the Portal In
case a payment system is implemented a reference could be stored (for providing detailed
invoices date relevant LR(s) and reference number of each request)
1416 Legitimate interest
Under 9 national practices or laws (eg in Germany Belgium Spain Sweden) access to
land registers is not granted unconditionally but only in case the user has a legitimate
interest for such access
36 Commission Decision of 5 June 2014 on the protection of personal data in the European e-Justice Portal
(2014333EU) [OJ L167 662014 p58]
49
Due to the high number of requests the results of this study suggest that LR authoritiesrsquo
decisions regarding this lsquolegitimate interestrsquo are not in practice always based on a
systematic inquiry or verification
Two main cases may exist
When the user is a justice professional (or a notary a geometer a credit institution
acting in the framework of its profession) the legitimate interest could be
assumed
In other cases the legitimate interest must be declared by the user for example
a The requestor is the owner of the parcel and wishes to check its legal
status
b The requestor is the owner of a parcel and wishes to know who is
their neighbour
c The requestor wants to purchase the parcel and wishes to know who
the owner is
In a minority of cases the LR will request for more justification or reject the request
Impact on the LR query form As soon as a Land Register requests justification of a
legitimate interest the LR query form must include a corresponding section This may be
facilitated by proposing a multiple choice form such as this is done for example by the
application provided in Spain (lsquoRegistradores de Espantildearsquo)
Figure 12 Example of declaration of legitimate interest
When a legitimate interest has been declared it is good practice that the delivered response
reproduces the declaration For example
Several points should be considered in this context
The Portal standard form may help to clarify the lsquovaguersquo notion of legitimate
interest by proposing an appropriate list of cases or conditions
LEGITIMATE INTEREST CLAIMED
Legaleconomic investigation on credit insolvency or
responsibility
Legal investigation on object ownership or limitations
Investigation for contracting or mediation of shares
The applicant is the registered owner
Other to be specified hereafter
50
This will not be lsquobindingrsquo for the requested LR the decision to deliver (or not) an
answer may always be related to requesting more explanation related to the
legitimate interest in case of doubt
The request for legitimate interest is not an obstacle for LRI but providing more
detailed justification about this interest is more difficult when interacting with
users from other Member States or third countries (using other languages)
Therefore the relevant form must be detailed enough and validated by the Land
Register requesting a legitimate interest
The requirement to justify when needed a legitimate interest does not necessarily
imply that the Portal userrsquos question must be processed off-line in an
asynchronous way if the declaration is replicated as a part of the delivered
response this makes some verification at the time the response is used possible
(eg presented in court) However as long as relevant LR authorities must take the
time to check the reality of a legitimate interest and ndash when appropriate ndash to
conduct further investigation off-line processing will be necessary
For professionals as long as a professional authentication system is not
implemented the form should be complemented by specific declaration allowing
LR authorities to assess (and possibly investigate) when a legitimate interest exists
(for example for searching on the owner)
lsquoI declare to be Notary X acting for professional reasons address xxx e-mail yyy
telephone zzzrsquohellip
lsquoI declare to be Civil Servant X member of administration AAA in Member State
BBB acting in conformity to national law address xxx e-mail yyy telephone
zzzrsquohellip
1417 Paymentproof of payment
Most Member States have a payment structure in place which requires some form of a fee
pre-paid or post-paid in exchange for access to the data Subscriptions are a less used
alternative Several Member States provide free access to the data Therefore any common
Land Registers Interconnection system must consider payment in its design
At the very least pre-paid and post-paid methods must be provided for in a common
integrated system However in order to increase acceptance a subscription method should
also be offered
Regarding the means of payment the vast majority of Member States accept both credit
and debit cards and only some of them deviate from this approach Any future integrated
system should therefore also provide for the most common means of payment ie both
credit and debit cards
The use of a payment service has to be optional as in some Member States access to the
land data is free Due to the fact that some national systems do not process cross-border
payments there is a need to provide a common LR payment system calculating costs
based on information provided by the target land register Cost calculations should be
conducted per service (eg single search) andor per user (subscription)
The payment systems should provide invoices ndash they are needed by professional users to
deduct these expenses The functionalities and possible options regarding this payment
system are analysed in detail in Part III of this feasibility study
51
1418 Receiving a response
14181 Providing a response
Responses can be transmitted on-line or off-line (in an asynchronous way) This last option
appears to be the most appropriate for those Member States that want to check carefully the
legitimate interest of the requestor or for others that wish to deliver a formal property
certificate signed by the register authority and committing the liability of the
administration
In case a Member State has to extract information from several files such as in France
(except in the three departments of region Alsace and Moselle having a single property
register) where a common key (which is the cadastral parcel Nr) can be used for accessing
property data (in the FIDJI system providing access to multiple property registers) and for
accessing cadastral data (in the MAJIC system providing access to multiple cadastres) the
possible solution is that the receiving point of contact will dispatch the request to the
relevant register(s) In Phase 1 these Member States will most probably provide
asynchronous answers only
14182 Understanding the content
Regarding the language it is recommended to maximise the use of pre-defined categories
and fixed fieldrsquos labels reducing the proportion of free text to the minimum possible As
previously mentioned all labels and pre-defined categories may be translated
automatically Since the free text would not be translated automatically a specific
multilingual LR glossary should be implemented to support it All glossary terms when
used in the response must be highlighted allowing users to get more information on the
possible meaning of the term depending on the jurisdiction
The standard fields for responses (when available) are
Parcel Address
Parcel ID or Property Coordinates (according to the proposed formats)
Property Map
Owner (when this is available for public access)
Known encumbrances
Purchase Price
14183 Understanding the legal value and possible use of the response
The understanding of the legal value and possible use of the response can be supported
through a pre-defined set of hypotheses and standard disclaimers as explained in Section
1411
1419 Land Registers Interconnection platform
The principal development to provide in Phase 1 would be the common LRI platform
integrated into the Portal as a new service Several technical alternatives or architectures
are possible for developing this platform including the reuse of all or part of existing
projects These alternatives are discussed in detail in the Part II of this feasibility study The
52
platform should be based on a common communication protocol ndash a harmonised data
exchange mechanism with a set of rules governing essential aspects of the LRI exchange
These can be such as the format of the information exchanged harmonised schemas for the
data exchange the processes supported etc The purpose of the service is to make land
information accessible in a more standardised way in terms of
Communication means (implementing web services from the portal to the various
participating LR administrations)
The process for accessing the data covering all necessary steps to be executed in
order to retrieve the data taking into account that not all steps of such a process
have to be applicable in each Member State
The presentation of the data
The Security measures for the protection of the data exchange
The technology used for the data exchange
Such a service will not only make the Land Registers Interconnection possible but as the
initial set of available parameters will still not be available in all Member States and as the
need for receiving more data should rise progressively it should facilitate a possible future
harmonisation of land data exchanges
14110 Implementation of a Phase 1 pilot system
Important factors in the realisation of the LRI project are the willingness of the Member
States to participate in a Pilot project allowing volunteer users to test Phase 1 of the LRI
model the efficiency of the provided architecture (as proposed in part II of this study) and
the payment system (as proposed in part III of this study)
As mentioned before the majority of the Member States are willing to participate in a
possible Pilot project or are open for discussion The other Member States have clarified
that their LR system is currently in the process of being redesigned or that their ICT
capacities (the server answering to on-line requests from their national professional users)
are already lsquonearly used at 100rsquo but this type of issue (upgrading memory processors or
bandwidth) does not look to present a fundamental barrier for most ICT specialists
The realisation and implementation of a Pilot project and the delivery of an evaluation
report is therefore recommended as a next step
14111 Land Registers Interconnection as a test platform
It was found that functionalities similar to the ones needed for a possible LRI could be
reused in other projects managed by the European Commission such as
A common payment system
An authorisation system which takes professional capacity certification into
account
53
For example similar needs exist in the project developing a Business Register Information
System (BRIS) managed by DG MARKT of the European Commission The aim of BRIS
is to interconnect central commercial and companyrsquos registers in the EU according to
Directive 201217EU37
Therefore the LRI pilot could be considered as a useful test platform in those domains The
value of the development effort would be multiplied if the implemented solution is reused
in other projects
Also the approach taken for resolving the issue of the diversity for Land Registers
Interconnection could be applied to other similar projects
142 Phase 2 of Land Registers Interconnection
The purpose of the LRI Phase 2 would be to progress towards making more on-line
searches in national land registers accessible and making them available to professional
users from other Member States under the same conditions as these searches are available
nationally
Therefore the characteristics of a Phase 2 could be
More focus on on-line research (bringing the LRs that were still off-line during
Phase 1 to deliver synchronous answers and therefore to reduce the administrative
burden due to the manual processing of requests)
Assigning specific and appropriate access rights to professional users including
the members of other Member Statesrsquo administrations
This Phase 2 can be introduced progressively the LRI system should be flexible and it
could be that some Member States will improve the quality of the on-line interconnection
already implemented in Phase 1 while others will switch to synchronous answers in Phase
2 and a remaining group will still prefer to deliver asynchronous responses only
The main issue that Phase 2 must solve is the requirement for professional users to prove
their professional capacity (notary lawyer etc) in order to be considered by the Member
State hosting the LR as if they were similar professional users from that Member State
The issue results from the fact that the Portal will not lsquoauthenticatersquo a user (ie as a Belgian
notary as a French geometer etc) To obtain such authentication it is needed that the
Portal requests a confirmation (ie an electronic certificate) from the relevant professional
body that is competent (in Belgium in France etc) to deliver such authentication In
addition it will be requested that the connected register recognises (has accredited has
trust in) this professional body as a legitimate and reliable source of authentication Last
but not least the authentication (or token certificate) must be delivered at the time of
submitting the query (and not earlier or at the time of registration because someone who is
a notary or a geometer today may resign the day after and not fulfil the conditions
anymore) Member States that have implemented specific on-line access for legal
37 Directive 201217EU amending Council Directive 89666EEC and Directives 200556EC and
2009101EC as regards the interconnection of central commercial and companies registers [OJ L 2012
13062012 p 156]
54
professions (eg France when providing access to the SPDC ndash Serveur professionnel de
Donneacutees Cadastrales) work in close connection with professional organisations The
process may be simplified by providing access to a lsquolaw firmrsquo (Notarial office or cabinet
or lsquoeacutetudersquo) the firm is indeed more lsquostableperennialrsquo than individual members and will be
responsible for providing access rights to staff members
It is easy to understand that such an interconnection is more complex to implement and
therefore requires a Phase 2
In addition to the interconnection with Land Registers the system must
interconnect with the relevant Member Statesrsquo administration or professional
organisations entitled to certify the professional use
The Phase 2 system is focused on a fully automated on-line service
As regards other questions all the lsquoacquisrsquo of Phase 1 will be usable in Phase 2 and this is
the reason why the two phases could co-exist
The process to implement would be as follows involving three components or lsquoactorsrsquo (as
explained in Questionnaire Nr 2)
The user located in a Member State A
The Portal (as the one-stop-shop platform and technical facilitator)
The investigated Land Register(s) located in Member State B (and possibly C D
E etc)
All Member States that participate in the Phase 2 service (including Member State lsquoBrsquo)
manage their own lsquoLRI service pagesrsquo on the e-Justice Portal (static information they
provide in order to inform users about available services and conditions) The Portal
provides translations of these pages A professional user from Member State lsquoArsquo (ie a
notary) registers on the Portal entry point and after readingagreeing on static
informationconditions provided by (one or more) Member State lsquoBrsquo asks for access to
Member State lsquoBrsquorsquos register(s)
When the professional character of the request needs to be authenticated (according to
Member State lsquoBrsquorsquos conditions) the portal requests authentication from the userrsquos home
state A (or professional organisation)
Figure 13 Implementation process
55
Member State lsquoArsquo (the government or the relevant professional organisation) confirms (or
not) that the user has at that time a specific role (ie is actually a notary a geometer a
person acting under professional secrecy) (If step 3 is true) Authentication is forwarded to
relevant Member State lsquoBrsquo(s)
Member State lsquoBrsquo assesses compliance according to an automated process (eg if step 3 is
true if the role is compliant with Member State lsquoBrsquo conditions) and decides to authorise (or
to refuse) access according to its own conditions When authorisation is given the user
fills in the appropriate query form and the relevant available land register communicates
the information The information is always communicated together with the applicable
disclaimer legal value conditions of use (as written by the providing Member State lsquoBrsquo)
Reusing the acquis of Phase 1 the Portal will facilitate the understanding (eg standard
translation of the provided information in so far these conditions are known in advance)
In case there is some fee to pay the electronic payment system implemented during Phase
1 is used (this could be done outside the e-Justice portal according to the appropriate
international payment standards)
143 Functionalities summary ndash progressive implementation
On the basis of the above recommendations in case a one-stop-shop LRI should be
implemented via (or in the framework of) the Portal the following functionalities were
identified
1431 Phase 1 functionalities
Registration ndash making possible for users to get registered (simple registration evolution of
the current one ndash target use of the payment system)
Improvements of static information ndash all interconnected registers have to clarify what
information should be provided to users before they use the service and what the legal
value of the information provided is
Search ndash the core use case of the system responsible for the execution of searches display
of relevant disclaimers information about land data cost of the search(es) and the final
response(s) The search form must be complemented by the declaration of legitimate
interest when requested
Translation of all fixed fields titles labels multiple choices legal value of information
ndash in search and response forms
Glossary - a multilingual taxonomy or LR terminology + highlighting lsquoglossary termsrsquo in
portal information
Payment ndash allowing submitting payment (pre-paidsubscription or post-paid) and
maintaining for each user its payment historyaccountinginvoices
Disclaimers management ndash enabling the management of disclaimers information about
land data and their translation to all EU languages
The improvement of static information (as described in the quick-win alternative scenario)
must take place in all cases because any LRI system must include both information pages
56
(describing the conditions for using the service the legal value and possible uses of
delivered information) and dynamic interaction (query form validation of entries provided
answers)
The elaboration of a one-stop-shop LRI platform could be performed by solving technical
interoperability and non-fundamental issues in order to allow the broad public to submit
queries that will be answered synchronous or asynchronous These issues are
Diversity (providing the correct information)
Terminology (the support glossary)
Legitimate interest (additional declaration form)
Payment system
1432 Phase 2 functionalities
Professional capacity certification ndash allowing Member Statesrsquo authorities and relevant
professional organisation to certify users according to their profession (building a lsquocircle of
trustrsquo at EU level)
Authentication ndash interconnecting relevant organisations in order to allow users to gain
authenticated access to LRI and on-line access to other Member Statesrsquo LRs as if they
were nationals of those other Member States
Access management ndash allowing a Member State to authorise access to the LR data
according to the submitterrsquos profession
In order to limit implementation costs it is suggested that Phase 2 provides for a gradual
implementation of the Land Registers Interconnection for professional users It should take
place with regard to authentication authorisation searches professional capacity
certification and payments without ignoring business needs Beyond the need to reach
common standards regarding the quality of justice overall in EU (for example when it is
about delivering rapidly a European Certificate of Succession or when enforcing decisions
in matters of matrimonial property regimes) the business needs will be considered when it
is about facilitating real estate transactions obtaining credit etc professional LR
interconnection with Member States where the highest number of real estate transactions
are operated will provide more return on investment from the economic point of view)
144 Alternative improving the Portal information (national pages)
This alternative is recommended for a Member State that will not participate in the LRI
pilot or as a preparationwaiting solution Improving the Portal information pages must be
done in any case (also when participating in LRI Phase 1 and 2) Indeed any LRI system
will always provide a mix of general (or lsquostaticrsquo) information (the service conditions the
way to proceed the legal value of provided information) and interactive (or lsquodynamicrsquo)
interaction This could be achieved by proposing to these Member States to make available
on their own LR system a standard query form in English which entails some mandatory
and optional fields that the user has to fill in for submitting a query and when possible for
obtaining an answer
Currently the e-Justice portal provides only static information regarding the national land
registers all Member States (except Croatia) have provided their national page However
57
in a majority of them the page simply reports the basic information on the land register
who manages it etc without always providing clear instructions on how to formulate a
query
In about 30 of the cases there is an obvious link to a search form to submit which may
be depending on a preliminary registration (obtaining an IDpassword in case the use of
the system is depending on the payment of a fee)
Figure 14 Portal search links
All Member States do have a LR system Nearly all of them (except LU where the process
seems ongoing) are digital systems however online access sometimes is reserved to the LR
administration only (using the database for answering questions from external requestors)
All systems should accept at least asynchronous requests when the database is not on-line
the competent administration is answering by mail (or e-mail) after checking whether the
appropriate conditions have been met
In order to make the submission of LR requests possible the simplest way for a basic one-
to-one interconnection could be organised in a few steps
Providing in the Portal national (Member State) pages at least the information on
lsquohow and where to submit a queryrsquo
Providing a basic query form (and a registration form when applicable) in English
in addition to the national language(s)
Validating the form against national criteria and processing it on-line (when the
system is available) or at least in an asynchronous way if the system is not on-line
the answer being provided after a delay (needed for checking conditionsverification
etc)
This lsquoquick-winrsquo alternative improvement includes no harmonisation of technical
infrastructure (each Member State maintains its form) However the form could be
elaborated based on a lsquogood practice templatersquo proposed by the European Commission and
similar to the LRI template This requests no Portal architecture modification (each
Member State updates its own LR national page) and no coordination regarding the
payment processes (when applicable each Member State proposes its own payment
facilities selection that exists currently based on the use of creditdebit card andor on a
system of pre-payment)
28
18
54
Easy link to search form
Indirect link (after navigation)
No clear intructions
58
An example of lsquogood practicersquo (combining static and dynamic information) the UK
(England) site httpwwwlandregistrygovukpublicproperty-ownership
Before you use this service
The documents you buy online are not admissible in court as evidence
For this you will need to order official copies of the title register andor title plan by post
You will be asked to register once you are ready to purchase
To order you will need a valid debit or credit card a valid email address and Adobe
Acrobat Reader
The service will only provide details of land and properties that are registered It will not
reveal certain non-residential registered titles such as tunnels pipelines mines and
minerals and airspace leases
Search with full address
Search without full address
Similarly the national web site lsquostatic informationrsquo could address the most basic questions
from users as follows
Figure 15 Example from the EnglandWales website
59
The following advantages could be identified
The improvement needs no common technical platformharmonisation (outside
the current Portal and a link to create in the relevant national page)
It is compatible with both synchronous and asynchronous (off-line) access
It could be based on lsquorecommendedrsquo templates (ie similar to the Phase 1 LRI
template possibly validated by the e-Justice working party)
The Commission may provide some support for translation of forms and static
information
Some national systems (for example Spain with the application lsquoRegistradores de
Espantildearsquo) have already implemented good quality query facilities (including an
interface in English)
There are however several issues related to this alternative solution
This approach is not leading to a lsquoone stop-shoprsquo based on a unique architecture
but is a system of links leading to the relevant LR interface (this is not matching
the Portal objective which according to the e-Justice action plan recital 31amp33
states lsquothe Portal cannot merely be a collection of links but should implement a
one stop shop service for justice providing access to national functionalities by
means of a user-friendly multilingual interface making them understandable to the
European citizensrsquo
There is no common registration system (users must process registration in each
Member State meaning that an additional registration form should be provided)
This approach enables answering to requests from lsquoeveryonersquo (the broad public)
when the request is focused on property data (address or parcel number) but it
will be much more difficult to open the way for providing to professional users
the same conditions under which these searches are available nationally for
registered justice professionals (eg authenticated notaries with direct and
exclusive on-line access to their national system) The access management could
be discriminatory or based on bi-lateral agreements (eg permitting searching on
personal data lsquoall properties owned by Xrsquo) Therefore a fundamental objective
stated in recital 32 of the e-Justice Action plan may not be addressed (lsquothe Portal
will permit by means of a uniform authentication procedure to open up for
members of the legal professions the various functionalities reserved for them to
which they will have differentiated access rights It should be advisable to provide
for such a possibility for authentication for non-professionals alsorsquo) At the
contrary the Phase 1 approach that is based on a common platform (the Portal)
where the implemented architecture must support the multiple interconnections
needed will open the way for progressive implementation of Phase 2
Requesting from Member State some template-based interface in a lsquolingua francarsquo
(ie English in addition to national language(s)) is politically sensitive
The use of each national system separately means no possibilities to cover lsquonrsquo
Member States with a single query when it could be neededapplicable
The advantages of a commoninteroperable solution for payments (that may
include a global accounting of all requests global invoices for fees due to all
participating registers etc) are absent
Translation of provided answers remains an issue (in so far as and as long as
answers will be provided in the registerrsquos native language) However one existing
60
national site (Registradores de Espantildea) proposes translation of the provided
information according to a fee per line or for a lump sum
Other national sites could adopt a similar policy (providing translation for a fee to
combine with glossaries for the translation of fixed forms labels multiple choice
options standard disclaimers etc)
61 279
2 Part II Architecture Overview
21 Introduction
211 Purpose
This lsquoArchitecture Overviewrsquo document is a draft revision of the contractual deliverable
produced in the scope of the lsquoTask no 2 ndash Technical implementation analysis with
alternativesrsquo of the Land Registers Interconnection ndash feasibility and implementation analysis
It presents the current understanding with the prospect of further evolution and fine-tuning
as analysis progresses and additional information becomes available
This document has been drafted with the intention to communicate to its reader a conceptual
understanding of the architectural goals provide a high-level vision of the architecture
alternatives and their scope and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each
architectural approach Furthermore this document aims to ensure that there is a single
authoritative source for communicating key decisions made about the architectures proposed
in the context of this feasibility study
212 Scope
The scope of this document is to define clearly and in detail each architectural alternative to
allow project stakeholders to decide whether it is technically feasible to implement the Land
Registers Interconnection Network Thus it is in the scope of this document to
Provide a detailed description of the architectural decisions drawn including their
justification alternatives that have been considered and other relevant information
Monitor the status of the architectural decisions
Identify (where applicable) additional requirements or constraints introduced by the
architectural decisions
Provide a clear overview of each alternative within which all architecture-significant
elements are identified
Describe these architecture significant elements and other relevant key concepts in
detail (for example the common communication protocol)
Estimate performance volumetric and resilience requirements
Identify and address concerns relevant to protection of personal data and security
Sketch a potential migration and roll-out roadmap between the alternative architectures
Provide an indicative cost estimate for each alternative
It is not in the scope of this document to provide further details or analysis relevant to
specific implementation particulars of each alternative In particular it is not in the scope of
this document to provide
A detailed specification of the common communication protocol to be employed
A concrete software architecture and implementation details relevant to the various
specific components mentioned in this document
62 279
A detailed fit-gap analysis establishing the actions required so as to integrate EULIS
into alternatives 2 or 3
A detailed security analysis for the proposed alternatives
213 Intended Audience
This document assumes that the readers have a good knowledge and understanding of the
context scope and activities presented in the Technical Annex lsquoLand Registers
Interconnection ndash feasibility and implementation analysisrsquo
In addition the readers of this document should have an understanding of EULIS v20 and its
capabilities
Please note that this document is primarily intended for software architects and analysts
However the format and language used remains conceptual and does not require additional
technical knowledge
214 Overview of the document
The current document is structured according to the RUPEC v50 methodology and based
on the template provided by the European Commission
However in order to properly address all concerns and requirements that have been raised in
the Technical Annex lsquoLand Registers Interconnection ndash feasibility and implementation
analysisrsquo the pre-defined sections of the document have been revised as follows
Compliance and Re-usable Architectural Assets sections are maintained as such and
cover their pre-defined aspects
Information System Description is reduced so as to provide the information elements
relevant to this study In the original template this section includes several sub-sections
that allow the clear definition of a system with existing technical assets and to
specifically define several quality elements (such as a requirements on a systemrsquos
performance resilience etc) Some of these elements (in particular the performance
aspect) are covered in sections lsquoPerformance and volumetric estimationsrsquo and
lsquoSolution resilience concernsrsquo
Architecture overviews provides the goals of the proposed architectures as well as the
architectural decisions driving their design it contains high level architecture sketches
for all three alternatives explored in the context of this study furthermore it provides a
detailed explanation of the elements appearing in all three solutions For each concept
explained its notation from the preceding diagrams is also presented to further
facilitate the readerrsquos understanding In case a concept is not relevant for all
architecture alternatives a clear demarcation is added informing the reader to which
alternative the concept is relevant
The following sections have been added
Alternatives evaluation which presents the perceived advantages and disadvantages
of each architectural alternative
63 279
Detailed cost estimation which establishes a baseline of effort for implementing
supporting and extending each alternative explored and based on these estimates
provides cost estimation for each
Migration approaches which explores the approach to be followed from migration
from a given architecture to another (based on the migration choices set on the
Technical Annex)
Performance and volumetric estimations which provides volumetric estimations
according to the information provided by Member States in Questionnaire n 3 and
establishes a set of performance requirements relevant to all alternatives
Solution resilience concerns which identifies the expected resilience of the system
and establishes requirements relevant to this subject for all alternatives
The following optional sections have been removed (as non-relevant) in the context of this
study
Document Management Compliance
OLAF Compliance
22 Information System Description
221 Information System Position Statement
For The EJP users (citizens businesses legal practitioners and the
judiciary) in the domain of Justice
Who
Need to acquire information relevant to Land Registers using the
one-stop-shop entry point to information already provided by the
EJP related to Justice at European and national Member State
levels
That Provides land registers related information and access to online
procedures
Unlike The various existing websites and systems which are available in
limited languages and support queries only to specific countries
Our Information
System
Aspires to provide different groups of users with a single entry
point in their language for all land registers related information
and online procedures
23 Compliance
231 Data Protection Compliance
In regard to Personal Data the architecture alternatives analysed in this document are
designed so that the Portal and any other component managed by DG JUST in the context of
LRI does not permanently store any personal data
It is expected however that the Portal may process such data as for example when submitting
a query containing personal data to its intended recipient In addition if it is deemed required
for technical reasons the Portal may temporarily store such data within the end userrsquos
session in which case the data are to be removed once the session is invalidated (eg when
the user logs out) or expired
64 279
24 Architecture Overview
241 Architectural Goals
The proposed architectures have been drafted with the following goals in mind
The criteria set for each alternative in the projectrsquos lsquoTerms of Referencersquo (see REF1)
are observed
The high level Business Case described in the lsquoConsolidation and extension of the
existing business analysis reportrsquo (see REF3) can be realised
The proposed solutions are flexible so that it may be possible to extend them if needed in the
future
The level of participation can be extended from the one achieved in previous efforts
242 Architecture Decisions
2421 Architecturally Significant Requirements
The proposed architecture alternatives presented later in this document conform to the
following requirements which have been identified in the conclusions drawn in REF3 Please
note that the intention is to define the high level requirements to which any of the architecture
alternatives must comply with in order to achieve the goals set earlier in this section
It is not the intention to provide a detailed set of architectural requirements that may be
immediately used for developing any of the proposed alternatives indeed it is expected that
in case the LRI progresses into development further detailed analysis will be required before
development can commence
ID Requirement Description
AR-001 Search capability The main goal of the LRI is to enable its end users to submit
queries relevant to Land Registers information to all
Member States participating in the interconnection
AR-002 Harmonisation In order to achieve the high level Business Case it is
important to ensure that the interconnection participants use
a common protocol of communication and the information
exchanged can be understood by its recipient regardless of
the information source
AR-003 Single entry point In the spirit of lsquoone-stop-shop for judicial mattersrsquo that the
European e-Justice Portal builds upon all services provided
by LRI to its end users need to be exposed through its
graphical user interface
AR-004 Support for
diversity and
gradual roll-out
One of the most important conclusions drawn in REF3 is
that the business landscape is quite diverse in various aspects
(quantity of information quality of information constraints
of accessing the information fees required etc) With that in
mind it is important to support this diversity while at the
same time ensuring that the maximum level of
harmonisation (AR-002) is achieved
65 279
ID Requirement Description
Furthermore given the varying levels of technical and
functional capability of the potential participants the
proposed solutions need to also consider an approach for
gradual roll-out
AR-005 Access Control The proposed solutions need to support the access control
policies of all the potential participants which range from
public access (ie no access control to the information) to
access allowed only to specific professionals
AR-006 Payment for
rendered services
As identified in REF3 the majority of Member States that
responded in the LRI questionnaires require a fee for the
services they provide Given that and in the spirit of AR-
004 the proposed solutions need to foresee that in addition
to any other access control policies a participant is enabled
to implement a payment scheme and control access to the
provided information according to it
AR-007 Personal data
protection
Given the nature of LRI it may be the case that its end users
use information that leads to the identification of a single
individual (such as his forename surname etc) With that in
mind the proposed solutions need to be designed in such a
way so that information that can be categorised as lsquopersonal
datarsquo is protected Table 2 Architecture significant requirements
2422 Architectural Constraints
The following constraints have been identified
ID Requirement Description
AC-001 DG JUST to only
act as facilitator
One of the most basic constraints to be taken under
consideration for any architecture alternative is that DG
JUST acts only as a facilitator of the LRI Thus the
proposed solutions should not foresee processes or assets
that require DG JUST to take direct actions in place of a
participant (eg validate a payment identify the profession
of an LRI end user etc)
AC-002 LRI only supports
information
dissemination
The main intention of the LRI is to provide an entry point
that can be used by interested parties to submit queries for
Land Registers information to LRI participants It thus must
be stressed that it is not the intention to facilitate additional
actions relevant to the manipulation of the provided
information such as submissions of updated information
either between participants or between a participant and an
end user
AC-003 Re-use of existing
assets
Several of the problems tackled by the LRI architectures
share similarities (or are the same) with the ones solved
already by previous projects of the EC Given that it is
important to take such assets under consideration regardless
of their nature (eg technical such as the EULIS Platform or
the INSPIRE directive)
66 279
ID Requirement Description
AC-004 Choice of
technology
Even though it is not in the scope of this document to
precisely define technical assets (as in explicitly define a
particular library database or operating system) it is
required to identify the technological basis upon which the
proposed architectures can be developed With that in mind
it is important to ensure that this technological basis
represents the lsquolowest common denominatorrsquo of the
technologies supported by the potential participants of the
LRI In addition it must be ensured that the technology basis
is composed of components that do not introduce licensing
concerns (eg the technology base should consist mainly of
open source components) Table 3 Architecture constraints
2423 General Findings and Recommendations
The following table summarises the architectural decisions that have been drawn during the
development of the various alternatives These decisions steered the proposed solutions and
take under consideration the goals requirements and constraints expressed in this document
as well as feedback received from the various stakeholders
ID Subject Area Decision Status38
Last Update
AD-001 Interconnection
Architecture
The interconnection
architecture to be followed is
semi-centralised based on a
star topology where a central
hub is used as the medium for
exchanging messages with
participants
In addition some central
components are put in place
to further facilitate message
exchanges
Important tasks such as
authorisation to access
content certification of a
userrsquos professional capacity
DM 06052014
38 The following codes indicate the status of decisions
DM ndash decision made The decision or recommendation has been made having weighed up the
alternatives and stated the justification
AD ndash awaiting decision All information has been gathered to make the decision but no final decision
has yet been made
AI ndash awaiting information More information is needed before a decision can be made
67 279
ID Subject Area Decision Status38
Last Update
(when required) payments
handling etc are expected to
be handled by competent
entities (including
organisations authorities etc)
that may act as peers in the
interconnection
AD-002 Communication
protocol
In order to implement a semi-
centralised interconnection a
common communication
protocol using SOAP-based
web services and supporting a
versioning scheme facilitating
gradual roll-out will be
defined
DM 01072014
AD-003 Communication
mode
The communication mode
used for information
exchanges will be a hybrid
mode using synchronous
communication for technical
calls whereas functional
responses may use either
synchronous or asynchronous
calls
DM 01072014
AD-004 Professional
Capacity
Certification
The professional capacity
certification of an LRI end
user when required is
carried out by a competent
entity with the facilitation of
EJP and using the Land
Registers Interconnection
peer available in the Member
State of the user
In order to certify the
Requesterrsquos professional
capacity the users Member
State of origin will have to
perform a registration
process Once this process is
completed the Requesterrsquos
Member State of origin is
enabled to certify the users
professional capacity when
requested by the EJP using
as input an attribute of the
Requesterrsquos ECAS account
(eg his e-mail)
DM 06052014
AD-005 Query Each participant of the LRI DM 01072014
68 279
ID Subject Area Decision Status38
Last Update
Authorisation provides the LRI Hub with an
authorisation scheme for
query submissions This
scheme is used by the LRI
Hub (and subsequently the
EJP) with the intention to
identify what query
parameters are available
what information is provided
by the participant in response
along with any additional
requirements that the
participant may set in order to
accept a query or provide a
response (eg specific
professional capacity
payment etc)
This process is modelled as
part of the common
communication protocol and
is carried out automatically
AD-006 Information
Structure
Standards
The structure of the
information to be exchanged
between LRI participants and
the LRI Hub is modelled in a
way that takes under
consideration as much as
possible the appropriate
thematic data specifications
and dictionaries of the
INSPIRE directive however
the intention is not to create a
data structure that is fully
compliant with or directly
depending on INSPIRE
DM 01072014
AD-007 Authentication
of an LRI end
userrsquos
professional
capacity
The LRI end userrsquos
professional capacity is to be
authenticated using a digitally
signed token provided by a
competent entity
At a minimum this token will
be signed using an X509
certificate issued by a trusted
Certification Authority
DM 01072014
Table 4 General architectural findings and recommendations
69 279
24231 Architectural Decision AD-001
Subject Area Interconnection Architecture Topic Interconnection
Architectural
Decision
The interconnection architecture to be
followed is a semi-centralised architecture
based on a star topology where a central hub
is used as the medium for exchanging
messages with participants
In addition some central components are put
in place to further facilitate message
exchanges
Important tasks such as authorisation to access
content certification of a userrsquos professional
capacity payments handling etc are expected
to be handled by competent entities (including
organisations authorities etc) that may act as
peers in the interconnection
ID AD-001
Issue or
Problem
Statement
Given its nature the Land Registers interconnection falls under the category
of Enterprise Integration projects In this category different architectural
approaches exist each with its own benefits and shortcomings It is thus
important to identify candidate architecture paradigms and to decide which
is the most appropriate for the Land Registers Interconnection
Assumptions No particular assumptions where used for this decision
Motivation This decision is important as it defines the basis of the proposed
architectures
Alternatives No other alternatives are considered at this time
Justification The decision to follow this architectural approach is considered appropriate
for the following reasons
a Following this approach the participating Member States remain at all
times the owners of their information and control who can access it and
under what conditions
b Existing processes (for example certifying the professional capacity of a
given user) that are already in place by the participants can be re-used
c The effort and resources required for managing and maintaining the
central components are reduced because existing technical assets of the
participating Member States are re-used
d Several central technical assets already exist and can facilitate LRI
exchanges For example the EJP will play the role of entry point for
retrieving Land Register data from participating Member States
e If required additional existing central technical assets may also be
introduced (eg ECAS ndash the European Commission solution for
authentication)
70 279
Implications Following a semi-centralised approach has the following implications
a Troubleshooting connectivity or similar interconnection issues may
become harder
b Depending upon the technical capability and capacity of the
participating Member States additional effort may be required initially
so as to set-up the LRI peer
c Depending on the architectural alternative followed it may be required
to revise EULIS so that it is conformant with this decision Indeed
EULIS is designed following an approach similar to the one described
earlier however some information elements (such as billing) are
controlled centrally by EULIS in these cases effort will be required so
as to identify and implement potential work-around
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
None
24232 Architectural Decision AD-002
Subject Area Communication protocol Topic Interconnection
Architectural
Decision
In order to implement a semi-centralised
interconnection a common communication
protocol using SOAP-based web services and
supporting a versioning scheme facilitating
gradual roll-out will be defined
ID AD-002
Issue or
Problem
Statement
When integrating information systems following a semi-centralised
approach one of the most important tasks is to establish the information
structures used for data exchanges between them as well as the kinematics
followed to perform these exchanges
Assumptions It is assumed that it is possible to draw a set of information structures that
can be used for the definition of a common communication protocol
Motivation Establishing a common communication protocol as early as possible in the
projectrsquos lifecycle is important as it drives several important elements of
the architecture definition (eg elements and capabilities required to
implement the protocol policies that need to be put in place for the protocol
to work etc)
Alternatives The following alternatives have been considered for the communication
protocol to be used in the context of Land Registers
a A common communication protocol using open standards (such as
SOAP-based web services) and supporting a versioning scheme for
backward compatibility
b A customised communication protocol per participant In this case a
central component is responsible for receiving requests and translating
them to the format and protocol expected by the recipient
71 279
Subject Area Communication protocol Topic Interconnection
Justification Option (a) is the preferred approach for the Land Registers Interconnection
From a technical point of view using a common communication protocol
reduces the effort required in order to establish information exchanges
between the Portal and Land Register Interconnection peers In addition
any change on the protocol will be global (ie will be valid for all
participants of the Land Registers Interconnection) thus simplifying the
maintenance and further evolution of the solution
This last advantage of option (a) introduces one complexity although in
case a change is to be introduced in the protocol all participants will have
to simultaneously implement it and deploy it This problem is mitigated by
the introduction of the backward compatibility feature which diminishes
the need of a lsquobig bangrsquo approach when rolling out changes and allows
some flexibility to Land Register Interconnection participants in regard to
the implementation timeframe
With the aforementioned advantages in mind a customised communication
protocol is not favoured as it implies a substantial increase in effort not
only for DG JUST but potentially also for the Member States both in terms
of development as well as maintenance This would require that the central
component be capable of utilising 28 potentially different formats for
information exchanges
In addition these formats are not controlled directly by the implementers of
the central component (ie DG JUST) but rather from the Land Register
Interconnection participants which may introduce additional complexities
as each participant may choose to further develop or change his protocol
according to his needs and following his own implementation and rollout
plan
Given these factors it may prove impossible to manage such changes for
the implementers of the central component in a timely fashion or
substantial resources may be required in order to ensure that information
exchanges are possible
72 279
Subject Area Communication protocol Topic Interconnection
Implications a Each participant must implement a set of services according to a
common specification so as to exchange information in the Land
Registers network
b A process for the verification of conformity needs to be devised so as to
ensure that a given implementation can indeed participate in Land
Registers exchanges
c Depending on the standards and the architectural alternative followed
the EULIS implementation may have to be revised in order to conform
to the common communication protocol
d One of the main requirements for being able to establish a common
communication protocol is the ability to normalise the information
exchanged between participants However the information currently
stored in National Land Register systems is diverse Thus a dictionary
will have to be introduced in order to ensure semantic equivalence in
Land Registers Information exchanges
Derived
requirements
AD-006
Related
Decisions
None
24233 Architectural Decision AD-003
Subject Area Communication mode Topic Interconnection
Architectural
Decision
The communication mode used for information
exchanges will be a hybrid mode using
synchronous communication for technical calls
whereas functional responses may use either
synchronous or asynchronous calls
ID AD-003
Issue or
Problem
Statement
The communication mode employed between integrated information
systems is essential for defining exact behaviours both for low-level
technical invocations (eg opening a socket to a server with the intent to
write a stream of data) as well as functional calls (eg submit a search query
using a web service receive the query result in a subsequent asynchronous
invocation triggered by the initial recipient)
Assumptions It is assumed that the open standards used for defining the common
communication protocol can support both synchronous and asynchronous
invocations
Motivation Defining the communication mode is an important element that needs to be
taken into consideration since proper definition drives the technical and
functional capabilities available when defining the kinematics of the
common communication protocol Lastly it is necessary to provide a
uniform experience to the user regardless of the communication mode
followed
73 279
Alternatives The following alternatives have been considered for the communication
protocol to be used in the context of Land Registers
a Synchronous communication mode both technical invocations and
functional calls are synchronous
b Hybrid mode technical invocations are synchronous whereas
functional calls may be either asynchronous or synchronous
Justification Option (b) is considered to be the preferable approach
Both options are similar in regards to the technical invocation part Indeed
synchronous technical invocations are required to ensure that a peer acting
as a recipient of a call immediately informs a peer acting as sender that an
invocation has been well received and will be subsequently processed
However option (b) adds flexibility on the recipientrsquos side as it allows a
variety of potential implementations to be used For example the level of
automation and technical capability of some Member States may allow them
to perform most operations synchronously (ie synchronous responses to
functional calls) whereas other Member States may have to implement
semi-automated (eg the recipient peer requires a human actor to first
manually authorise a response) or fully manual (eg a human operator
receives the request and manually issues a result) operations which call for
asynchronous responses
Lastly another benefit of the hybrid mode is the fact that it allows the
submission of the same search query to multiple Member States at the in one
action practically an end user can submit a single query to multiple peers at
the same time and receive responses as soon as each peer is able to respond
74 279
Implications a By definition the kinematics implied when following a communication
mode such as the one decided are more complex since the sender must
also implement an entry point for receiving responses for each
asynchronous functional call made Specifically assuming that a peer
acting as sender uses a service called lsquosubmitSearchQueryrsquo exposed by
another peer acting as a recipient has to also implement a service called
lsquoreceiveSearchResultrsquo which the recipient can use to communicate the
results for the query submitted
b The introduction of asynchronous functional calls requires the
introduction of control points to ensure that once a call is made a
response is provided by the recipient within a reasonable time-frame
Given the absence of a specific regulation mandating the answer to be
provided within a pre-defined timeframe it is up to the network
participants to respect the time-frames defined as part of the kinematics
of the common communication protocol Furthermore it is essential that
a third party (ie DG JUST) closely monitor these control points and
publish usage statistics with the interest of maintaining and enhancing
the service provided by the network
c Depending on the architectural alternative followed it may be initially
required to reduce the asynchronous functional calls so as to preserve
backward compatibility with the EULIS platform due to the fact that
EULIS is designed using a synchronous approach (at least as far as
search queries are concerned)
d The introduction of asynchronous calls for submitting search queries
will deny this capability to guest (ie non-registered not logged-in) EJP
users Using asynchronous functional calls mandates the existence of a
context bound to the user initiating such a call so as to ensure that the
response received at a later time can be delivered appropriately
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
None
24234 Architectural Decision AD-004
Subject Area Professional Capacity Certification Topic Security
Architectural
Decision
The professional capacity certification of an
LRI end user when required is carried out
by a competent entity This entity may be an
LR authority of the end userrsquos Member State
of origin the LR authority receiving the
request or more generally general any other
entity that is considered trustworthy to
provide this information The EJP LRI Hub
and potentially the LRI Peer may facilitate
this process
ID AD-004
75 279
In order to provide such a certification the
competent entity may have to perform a
registration process with the intent to identify
unequivocally the end userrsquos professional
capacity Upon successful completion it is
expected that the competent entity is capable
of providing a certificate proving the end
userrsquos professional capacity when requested
by the EJP and if such a certification is
required by the participant that is queried
using as input an attribute of the end userrsquos
ECAS account (eg his e-mail)
Issue or
Problem
Statement
Some of the services to be provided by the Portal as part of the Land
Registers Interconnection Network module are only available to
authenticated users whose professional role (for example notary) has to be
identified and certified However it is not in the jurisdiction of DG JUST
to validate a userrsquos claim that he is indeed such a professional
Assumptions It is assumed that if adequate information is gathered during a registration
process Member States are in position to properly identify and certify the
userrsquos professional capacity
Motivation It is important to devise an approach that ensures the non-disputable
identification and certification of the userrsquos professional capacity
Alternatives No other alternatives are considered at this time
Justification The approach taken fully supports the existing identification and
certification processes and policies implemented by Member States and in
addition leverages and re-uses existing facilities both in DG JUST (for
example the EJP ECAS etc) as well as in Member States
It allows Member States to handle their own control points such as an
expiration date to the registration which can help addressing the automated
or semi-automated process of identification revocation
Implications a The EJP will be dependent on a set of services not managed by DG
JUST in order to offer access to specific parts of the Land Registers
Interconnection It is thus required to identify the availability
scalability and security of these services and ensure that they are
conformant with the ones established for the EJP
b Depending on the standards and the architectural alternative followed
it may be required that the EULIS platform is revised so as to comply
with this decision as the current solution does not currently support
such an identificationauthentication scheme However assuming that
the alternative chosen incorporates EULIS it may be the case that the
EULIS platform is not used for queries that require elevated security
access
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
None
76 279
24235 Architectural Decision AD-005
Subject Area Query Authorisation Topic Security
Architectural
Decision
Each participant of the LRI provides an
authorisation scheme to the LRI Hub for
query submissions This scheme is used by
the LRI Hub (and subsequently the EJP)
with the intention to identify what query
parameters are available what information is
provided by the participant as response and
any additional requirements that the
participant may set in order to accept a query
or provide a response (eg specific
professional capacity payment etc)
This process is modelled as part of the
common communication protocol and is
carried out automatically
ID AD-005
Issue or
Problem
Statement
The policies (mandated by legal frameworks decisions etc) followed by
Member States regarding the provision of access to Land Registers
information are diverse The Land Registers interconnection must ensure
proper implementation of these query authorisation policies
Assumptions It is assumed that the outcome of evaluating a policy can be normalised
within the common communication protocol used for LRI exchanges For
example a rejection of a query for a specific reason can be interpreted in
all cases as lsquoFailure to execute the query due to Member State specific
policiesrsquo
Motivation This decision is fundamental for ensuring that Member States retain the
full control of the policies utilised when providing individuals from other
Member States with access to their Land Register information
Alternatives The following alternatives are considered
a The query authorisation process of each Member State is exhaustively
analysed and implemented within the Portal as part of the querying
process
b Each Member State participating in the LRI will be responsible for
providing its authorisation policy for query submissions to the Portal
This action is modelled as part of the common communication
protocol and will be carried out automatically before the requester is
allowed to submit a query
77 279
Justification Option (b) is considered to be the preferable approach
This decision is conformant with the general approach outlined in AD-
001 which foresees that Member States participating in the LRI will
remain in complete control of their Land Register data
Following the proposed approach allows Member States to demarcate
who can access their information (eg any user only professionals etc)
under which conditions (eg free access to all content pay-per-use
monthly or yearly subscription with the acceptance of specific terms and
conditions etc) and in which way (eg complete set of information
provided only a sub-set provided possibility to run queries using a
reduced number of parameters etc)
Implications a Implementing the authorisation process in a fully automated way may
be difficult to model and maintain for Member States
b Depending on the architecture alternative chosen and given that
EULIS currently does not support using query authorisation schemes
it will have to be revised in order to comply with this decision
Alternatively it may be the case that EULIS is not used for queries that
require authorisation to take place
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
None
24236 Architectural Decision AD-006
Subject Area Information Structure Standards Topic Interconnectio
n
Architectural
Decision
In the cases where Land Registers
information is exchanged between LRI
participants and the LRI Hub its structure is
modelled taking into consideration as much
as possible the appropriate thematic data
specifications and dictionaries of the
INSPIRE directive However the intention
is not to create a data structure that is fully
compliant with or directly depends on
INSPIRE
ID AD-006
Issue or
Problem
Statement
Given the nature of the Land Registers Interconnection and in particular
with the introduction of the common communication protocol an
information structure standard needs to be defined along with one or more
dictionaries for concepts used in the information exchanges
However given the specificities of the information exchanged and the
context (ie deployment of the interconnection as a module in the EJP)
further investigation is required in order to ensure that the standards and
dictionaries defined are fit-for-purpose and extensible
78 279
Assumptions The same assumptions made for AD-002 are valid for this Architectural
Decision
Motivation The main motivation for this decision is to investigate potential standards
and dictionary candidates and evaluate their fitness for using them while
defining the information structure employed by the common
communication protocol
Alternatives The following alternatives are considered
a Design the solution so as to be fully conformant with appropriate
thematic data specifications of the INSPIRE directive
b The structure of the information to be exchanged between LRI
participants and the LRI Hub is modelled taking into consideration
as much as possible the appropriate thematic data specifications and
dictionaries of the INSPIRE directive However the intention is not
to create a data structure that is fully compliant with or directly
depends on INSPIRE
c Defining a lsquogreenfieldrsquo standard and dictionaries for implementing
the information exchanges according to the specific needs of Land
Registers Interconnection
Justification Given the responses provided by Member States in Questionnaire n 3
(see also appendix 2 in this document) in regard to their current INSPIRE
compliancy as well as the implementation roadmap and further keeping
in mind the information diversity identified it is identified that the most
appropriate approach at this point in time is to proceed with alternative
(b)
The intention of this approach is that the information structure supporting
LRI exchanges (and more specifically Land Registers information) is
modelled after a mature standard whilst allowing enough flexibility to
take into account the variance in the adoption of INSPIRE by Member
States It therefore becomes possible for Member States that are already
supporting INSPIRE to easily transform their information into the LRI
format whilst at the same time Member States that do not yet support
INSPIRE can still participate in LRI without having first to become fully
compliant with the specification
Lastly this approach allows the introduction of a gradual approach in the
adoption of INSPIRE for LRI as a whole without first becoming
compliant with INSPIRE
79 279
Implications The immediate implications of this decision are the following
a Due to the complexity of INSPIRE and the width of the scope the
individuals involved in the design of the LRI information
structure need to have a sound understanding of the specification
so as to be able to re-use or use as basis the most appropriate
parts of it
b Even though the LRI information structure is not directly bound to
INSPIRE it is still necessary to closely monitor changes in that
specification and evaluate whether it would make sense to
introduce them in to the LRI information structure
c As a separate specification the LRI information structure may
eventually evolve in a different way to INSPIRE To avoid this it
is recommended that the LRI information structure is modularised
into themes (in a similar fashion with INSPIRE) so that the parts
that are common or similar with INSPIRE are isolated from other
components that may be LRI specific (eg payments)
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
AD-002
24237 Architectural Decision AD-007
Subject Area Authentication of an LRI end userrsquos
professional capacity
Topic Security
Architectural
Decision
The LRI end userrsquos professional capacity is
to be authenticated using a digitally signed
token provided by a competent entity
At a minimum this token will be signed
using an X509 certificate issued by a
trusted Certification Authority
ID AD-007
Issue or
Problem
Statement
The majority of Member States responding to Questionnaire n 2
answered positively when asked whether it would be acceptable to them
if a Requesterrsquos role is authenticated by his Member State of origin
Given this the Land Registers Interconnection must provide a process
allowing this information to be exchanged between Member States
Assumptions It is assumed that
The Requesterrsquos Member State of origin already has or is able to
implement a registration process that the Requester must undergo
in order to validate the Requesterrsquos role This process does not
have to be fully automated as long as the Requesterrsquos Member
State can provide this information when requested
The Requesterrsquos Member State currently has access or will have
access in the future to technical tools that allow digitally signing
information
80 279
Motivation It is required to define a technical process that can securely and
unequivocally transmit an authentication token containing the
Requesterrsquos role validated by his Member State of origin
Alternatives No alternatives identified at this time
Justification Reliably identifying a user using a digital signature is an industry standard
practice
Furthermore given the context of Land Registers Interconnection where
a large amount of participants wish to ensure that the information
exchanged between them indeed originates from the stated sender the
preferred approach is to use certificates issues by trusted Certification
Authorities so as to avoid the problem of each participant having to
exchange certificates with all other participants in a secure way
In practice the introduction of a trusted third party (ie the Certification
Authority) simplifies the procedure as the validity of a given digital
signature is checked by the recipient by checking whether the certificate
used is issued by a trusted third party without requiring the prior secure
exchange of the senderrsquos Public Certificate
Implications This section will be further developed once a final decision is made
Derived
requirements
None
Related
Decisions
None
243 Architecture Overviews
The following sections of this document provide an overview of the proposed architectures
for the various alternatives requested in REF1
Each alternative is described in its own sub-section initially with a diagram based on
Archimate 20 notation (see REF4) where the solution overview is presented and
subsequently with a table providing details on the key concepts shown in the diagram For
the sake of brevity details for concepts that appear in the following overviews multiple times
are only presented once with the exception of cases where a concept is used in a different
way
81 279
2431 Alternative 1 The European e-Justice Portal develops its own solution
for interconnection
The intention of this alternative is to showcase the possibility of the EJP
developing its own solution for the LRI without re-using the EULIS platform
24311 Proposed solution overview for alternative 1
Figure 16 Alternative 1 Architecture Overview
24312 Key concepts of alternative 1 proposed solution
Name Documentation
Authorisation A service module included in the Common Communication
Protocol which includes services relevant to query authorisation
Such services may include the submission of a userrsquos role (for
example notary Portal registered user etc) or other related
information (eg the userrsquos Member State) prior to the submission of
a query informing the Portal to ask the user to accept specific terms
or conditions depending on the peerrsquos authorisation scheme
allowing the Portal to submit the userrsquos acceptance to the terms and
conditions mandated by the peer for accessing Land Register data
etc
Certification A service module included in the Common Communication
Protocol which provides services relevant to the identification and
certification of an LRI end userrsquos professional capacity Services
included in this module allow the submission of professional
82 279
Name Documentation
capacity certification requests from the EJP towards the peer and
may provide various kinematics such as requesting the EJP to
inform the user that the identification process has been concluded
requesting the user to submit additional information required for the
registration to take place informing the user that the peer cannot
register him etc
It must be noted that this service may be realised already by a
competent entity however without following the technical
specifications of the LRI Common Communication Protocol (for
example this case may occur if CNUE is utilised for certifying
notaries) In such cases it is up to the LRI ESB to perform all
actions necessary so as to submit the request according to the
specifications of the service provided by the competent entity and
handle the response provided by it
Common
Communication
Protocol
Establishing a common communication protocol is essential for
realising the interconnection scheme envisaged for the Land
Registers Interconnection Network
In principle this protocol must foresee all common operations that
are expected to be supported by each peer participating in the
network These operations are further grouped into logical service
modules each relevant to the functional purpose it serves
While drafting these service modules the following key elements
are taken into consideration
A peer may be able to handle requests relevant to the
certification of a userrsquos professional capacity In this context
the peer may also be able to handle registration requests
which are used to initially identify a given userrsquos
professional capacity In this case the peer may respond
either synchronously or asynchronously in which case the
peer should provide synchronously to the hub an expected
deadline for performing the identification process On the
other hand the authentication response must be
synchronous
A peer may be able to provide a query authorisation scheme
to the EJP Doing so allows the Portal to take functional
decisions eg when to allow users to submit queries what
are the allowed queries per user professional capacity etc
A peer may be able to respond either synchronously or
asynchronously to search queries In the latter case the peer
must inform the hub on the expected deadline for returning
its response
A peer may be responsible for storing submitted queries
Please note that these queries may also include personal
data Each query submitted to a given peer must be uniquely
83 279
Name Documentation
and globally identified these identifiers are assigned
centrally (ie by the Land Registers Interconnection Hub)
and thus is not the responsibility of the peer to assign and
maintain them
DG JUST This concept represents the logical boundaries of DG JUST in the
context of LRI
European e-
Justice Portal
This concept represents the EJP It acts as a container for the LRI
Portal module and provides some of its facilities (eg ECAS
authentication web content management etc) to the LRI Portal
module In particular static parts of the information used by the LRI
Portal module (such as disclaimers the LRI Glossary etc) are
maintained by the facilities provided already by the EJP
LRI
Directory
This concept represents a module responsible for maintaining
information relevant to the functional capabilities and authorisation
schemes of the LRI participants
This concept is common for all architecture alternatives Still its
level of completion differs between each More specifically
In alternative 3 this module maintains the search parameters
allowed per participant and potentially additional technical
information required so that LRI EULIS service calls
between the LRI Hub and the LRI EULIS Peers can take
place
In alternative 1 in addition to the search parameters this
directory also holds the query authorisation scheme of each
participant including information such as payment
requirements and supported schemes for performing
professional capacity verification including trusted parties
that may perform this activity Furthermore it includes
information about competent entities that can certify the
professional capacity of an LRI end user and for each such
entity a list of the professions it can certify (eg notaries
lawyers civil engineers etc)
In alternative 2 this directory module holds the information
described in both alternatives 1 and 3
The maintenance of the information kept in this module can be a
shared responsibility between DG JUST and LRI operators of the
participants In practice DG JUST will have to maintain the more
technical information parts or parts that are not relevant to the
participants (eg competent entities performing professional
capacity certification) and LRI operators will have to maintain the
participants search parameters query authorisation schemes etc
The development of this module can be gradual Indeed the level of
information kept within it and the maintenance capabilities it can
provide can evolve according to the functional modules it has to
support
84 279
Name Documentation
LSB This concept represents the LRI Service Bus (LSB) ie a technical
component responsible for receiving queries submitted by LRI end
users via the LRI Portal module and in conjunction with the LRI
Directory submitting them to the LRI Peers Furthermore it is also
responsible for receiving the query responses from the LRI Peers
and returning them to the LRI Portal module
LRI Hub This concept represents the LRI Hub module ie a collection of
modules required for the LRI to take place
LRI Operator This concept represents the operator of the Land Register system in
a Member State
LRI Peer This concept represents a software component which implements the
common communication protocol and is deployed in the Member
State premises
LRI Portal
GUI
This concept represents the LRI Portal Graphical User Interface
(GUI) that is available to LRI end users via the EJP
LRI RI GUI This concept represents the Graphical User Interface (GUI) provided
by the LRI RI Peer and used by the LRI Operator
LRI RI Peer This concept extends the previously defined lsquoLand Registers
Interconnection Peerrsquo by demarcating a specific software component
that will be provided by DG JUST as the Reference Implementation
(RI) of the common communication protocol
This component must be designed so as to facilitate as many
integration approaches as possible it may provide integration hook
points for automatic mode of operation as well as graphical user
interfaces which can be used by human operators for responding to
submitted queries
Member
State A
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
Member
State B
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
Member
State C
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
National
Land Register
system
This concept represents the system used within a Member State in
order to manage Land Register data
Notary This concept represents a registered user of the European e-Justice
portal who is also a certified notary
Payments A service module included in the Common Communication
Protocol which includes services relevant to providing payment
information to the Interconnection Hub when such information is
required (eg inform the Hub if a given query has been paid and thus
the requester can access its result)
Portal
registered user
This concept represents a registered user of the European e-Justice
Portal
Search A service module included in the Common Communication
85 279
Name Documentation
Protocol which includes services relevant to receiving queries made
through the European e-Justice Portal as well as services which
when used by the mediating Interconnection Hub allow EJP users to
retrieve and manage previously submitted queries These services
may include retrieval of parameters from previously submitted
queries removal or cancellation of queries previously submitted etc
Secure
transport layer
Given the fact that the information exchanged between Member
States and the European e-Justice Portal may contain sensitive data
(such as personal information of a property owner) It is important to
ensure that the transport medium utilised offers an adequate level of
security
All information exchanges between the European e-Justice Portal
and Member States must be encrypted so as to avoid unauthorised
access to the data exchanged By default at least HTTPS will be
utilised for all information exchanges As an additional measure
encryption may also be provided on the network layer (for example
by using sTesta for all information exchanges between Member
States and the Portal) Table 5 Key concepts of alternative 1 architecture overview
24313 Implementation notes of alternative 1
Before proceeding further it is important to note that the design of alternative 1 caters for a
gradual deployment of the LRI if that is desired
Indeed it is possible to follow a step-wise approach where the various modules of the
common communication protocol are analysed developed and deployed in steps according
to the level of functionality desired at each step More specifically according to REF3 the
following three levels of functionality have been identified
Support for queries to land registers that provide their information publicly without
requiring payment
Support for queries to land registers that require a fee for the information provided
Support for queries to land registers that require a certification of the end userrsquos
professional capacity in order to provide either standard or additional information (and
may also require a fee for the information provided)
Given these levels it is possible to implement alternative 1 as follows
Initially the LRI Hub LRI Portal and a sub-set of the Search and Authorisation
services of the Common Communication Protocol are implemented At this point it
will become possible for LRI end users of the EJP to submit their queries only to those
Member States that do not have any strict requirement for query authorisation (ie do
not require fees or certification of professional capacity) During this phase it is also
expected that a minimal version of the LRI RI Peer is developed and delivered to
86 279
participating Member States that either do not have strict query authorisation schemes
or wish to pilot their participation in the LRI
At a second iteration the Common Communication Protocol and part of the LRI Hub
are further developed so as to allow payments to take place At this point an extended
version of the LRI RI Peer is also developed and delivered to Member States that did
not wish to participate in the first iteration
Lastly a final iteration of the Common Communication Protocol LRI Hub and LRI RI
Peer are developed and delivered to LRI participants and DG JUST providing the
complete set of LRI functionalities
Please also note that due to the versioning capabilities of the Common Communication
Protocol and in conjunction with the LRI Directory module Member States using the initial
version of the LRI Peer will not have to immediately upgrade to the latest revision if they do
not require the additional functionalities offered
2432 Alternative 2 the European e-Justice Portal interconnects the EULIS
portal and Member State registers
The intention of this alternative is to examine the possibility of the EULIS platform and the
LRI developed for the EJP co-existing
Before proceeding further it is important that the initial design idea of re-factoring the
EULIS platform into another LRI peer has been abandoned for the following reasons
The technical design of EULIS in regard to the search function is significantly
different Indeed EULIS merely acts as an intermediary showing to the end user a set
of search results containing only URLs which the end user must visit in order to obtain
the requested information whereas the LRI design of alternatives 1 and 2 foresees that
the actual information for a given property is contained within the response received by
the participant and rendered by the EJP
The payments design of EULIS currently facilitates accounting and billing between
Member States but does not allow payments to occur between end users and
participants
Thus the approach taken for alternative 2 foresees that EULIS is integrated lsquoas-isrsquo in to the
LRI Hub and the LRI Portal module copes with two different operational models
87 279
24321 Proposed solution overview for alternative 2
Figure 17 Alternative 2 Architecture Overview
24322 Key concepts of alternative 2 proposed solution
Name Documentation
EULIS This concept represents the logical boundaries of EULIS in the context
of LRI
EULIS
ESB
This concept represents the EULIS ESB component of the EULIS
platform The intention of this design is to integrate the DG JUST LRI
solution to the EULIS platform in the same fashion as the EULIS Web
component (see also REF5)
EULIS
service
This concept refers to the existing EULIS services which essentially
compose the common communication protocol used for EULIS
interconnections
Member
State D
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
Member
State E
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
Member
State F
This concept represents the physical premises of a Member State
participating in the LRI
Table 6 Key concepts of alternative 2 architecture overview
88 279
2433 Alternative 3 the European e-Justice Portal integrates and extends the
EULIS platform
The intention of this alternative is to integrate the EULIS platform in to the EJP largely re-
using the facilities it already provides and revising or extending them so that additional
participants may be able to integrate with it and thus participate in the LRI
24331 EULIS lsquoas-isrsquo view
Before proceeding further it is considered appropriate to briefly present an overview of the
current EULIS capabilities and architecture so as to establish an lsquoas-isrsquo view The
information provided here is an extract from the lsquoEULIS Software Architecture v20rsquo
document (see REF5) which provides a more detailed analysis on the specificities of the
EULIS platform
The information currently provided by the EULIS platform includes
Basic description of legal concepts
Description of routines and effects of registration of real property conveyance and
mortgaging
Contact information to authorities involved in the real property transactions
Access to searching real property data is provided in some European Member States to the
general public Where this is not permitted contacts and website links are provided for
ongoing investigations Additional search capabilities are provided to registered users
The EULIS platform architecture overview is presented in the following figure
EULIS 20Land
Register
Interface
EULIS 20
SQL
DataBase
MySQL
WEB
Server
HTTP(s)
APACHE
CMS ndash Public information about EULIS and Help
EULIS 20Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
JBoss
ESB
Authorized
National
SystemsWith
EULIS 20
Support
Public user
WS Call
Authorization WS Call
Authorization
session
WS Call
Land
Information
WS Call
Land
Information
EULIS
20
WEB
JBoss
AS
Trusted users
Java JDK 16 JEE SOAP 11
XML GML 321
SubVersion Eclipse Classic 361
with JBoss Tools 320M2
ANT JAXB JUnit JMock soapUI 36
EULIS 20ESB
Use as
template
Figure 18 EULIS as-is overview
89 279
The platform is separated into the EULIS Web part which is accessible by the general public
trusted and authorised users and the EULIS ESB which is responsible for the integration of
national systems with EULIS support This later part has been designed so that it can be
provided as a lsquotemplatersquo to new EULIS participants
The mode of operation of the platform foresees that an end user visits the EULIS Web part
and eventually submits a query to a participant The participant provides a list of results that
match the end userrsquos query along with a URL in a server managed by the participant where
the end user can view the land registers information of a specific match included in the search
result
In case authentication is required the EULIS platform directs the user to register himself with
the participant he wishes to submit a query to and subsequently facilitates the authentication
process
The search capabilities of the platform include parameters such as a propertyrsquos identifier or
cadastral unit its address or the ownerrsquos nominal information
Furthermore the platform facilitates payments between EULIS participants by providing
billing and accounting services It must be noted however that actual payments do not take
place through the platform and that the current payment model works only between
participants (ie Land Registers) and not between end users and participants
Lastly as indicated in the figure the EULIS platform is largely using open source
technologies
90 279
24332 Proposed solution overview for alternative 3
The following figure provides an overview of the proposed solution in case it is decided to
proceed with this alternative
Figure 19 Alternative 3 Architecture Overview
24333 Key concepts of alternative 3 proposed solution
Name Documentation
EULIS
Common
Communication
Protocol
This concept represents the EULIS common communication
protocol It includes the services currently provided by EULIS
regarding searching authentication billing and payments
In this alternative the intention is to maintain the already established
EULIS communication protocol as far as search capabilities (ie
search parameters supported specific search criteria per participant)
the technical format of the information exchanged and
authentication are concerned
Gradually further enhancements can be introduced in this
communication protocol including
Payment and billing capabilities so that direct transactions
between LRI end users and LRI participants can take place Please
note that in this case the current system of EULIS regarding these
activities is to be completely replaced
91 279
Name Documentation
Asynchronous query submissions so as to facilitate the
participation of off-line national registers From a technical point of
view this enhancement is possible since it requires adding
additional service operations to the existing search facilities of
EULIS that will allow asynchronous submissions of queries on the
participants side subsequently on the LRI EULIS ESB side a set of
additional service operations will need to be added so that the
participants response is received at a later time
One element that has to be stressed here however is that the EULIS
communication protocol requires that the LRI EULIS peers of all
participants provides a graphical user interface accessible via the
Internet by end users
This is due to the fact that in EULIS the information provided
by a Land Register as a response to a query does not include the
actual data the end user requested but rather a URL link to a page
hosted by the relevant Land Register this page must then be
accessed by the end user in order to view the data requested
LRI EULIS
ESB
This concept represents the LRI EULIS ESB ie a technical
component responsible for receiving queries submitted by LRI end
users via the LRI Portal module and in conjunction with the LRI
Directory submitting them to the LRI EULIS Peers Furthermore it
is also responsible for receiving the query responses from the LRI
EULIS Peers and returning them to the LRI Portal module
LRI EULIS
GUI
This concept represents the Graphical User Interface (GUI) provided
by the LRI EULIS RI Peer and used by the LRI Operator
LRI EULIS
Peer
This concept represents a software component which implements the
EULIS common communication protocol and is deployed in the
Member State premises
Essentially this component is relevant to Member States that are
already integrated to EULIS or Member States that wish to
participate in the LRI and do not intend to use the Reference
Implementation provided by DG JUST
LRI EULIS
RI Peer
This concept extends the lsquoLRI EULIS Peerrsquo concept by demarcating
a specific software component that will be provided by DG JUST as
the reference implementation of the EULIS Common
Communication Protocol
This component must be designed in order to facilitate as many
integration approaches as possible it may provide integration hook
points for an automatic mode of operation as well as graphical user
interfaces which can be used by human operators for responding to
submitted queries Lastly please note that this component will be
largely based on the EULIS Template component currently foreseen
by the EULIS SAD v20 Table 7 Key concepts of alternative 3 architecture overview
92 279
25 Work packages and effort estimation
The following tables provide a work package structure for each alternative For each work
package identified the following information is provided
An identifier
A short description of the work carried out in this work package
The expected input of this package (ie what is required to start actual work on this
package)
The expected output of this package (ie what is the tangible deliverable of this
package)
Effort estimation in man-months
Before proceeding further it must be noted that the effort estimates provided in the following
tables are merely indicative indeed given the fact that it is not in the scope of this document
to provide detailed analysis on the specificities of each solution proposed and assuming that
one of the proposed architecture approaches is considered fit for the LRI implementation
further and more detailed analysis findings may change significantly the effort estimates
provided
It is also due to the level of detail in this document that the effort estimates provided
hereunder are only based on the past experience of the Contractor in similar projects (such as
the ECRIS Detailed Technical Specifications) Evidently without a detailed view on the
exact functionalities that the LRI would provide to its end users and in the absence of a
detailed fit-gap analysis it is possible to provide effort estimates based only on empirical
data which however do sufficiently cover the expected actions to be performed for each
alternative
Furthermore the estimates are provided under the assumption that the persons involved in the
implementation of any alternative are senior experts in their domains (eg domain experts on
INSPIRE and LR data structures Enterprise Architecture Integration etc) and should be
revised accordingly if this assumption is not met
Lastly please note that the effort estimates provided in the following sections outline all
activities required until the LRI reaches production and do not include operational
maintenance or support activities
93 279
251 Alternative 1 the European e-Justice Portal develops its own solution
for interconnection
2511 Overview
The following figures present an overview of the proposed work packages required to
implement Alternative 1 organised in 3 iterations A detailed description for each package as
well as an effort estimate is presented in the sub-section lsquoDescriptionrsquo
94 279
Figure 20 Work packages and deliverables of the 1st Iteration for alternative 1
95 279
Figure 21 Work packages and deliverables of the 2nd
Iteration for alternative 1
96 279
Figure 22 Work packages and deliverables of the 3rd
Iteration for alternative 1
97 279
2512 Description
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimates
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA1-01
Detailed
technical
analysis of the
Common
Communication
Protocol -
Iteration 1
Feasibility
Study
artefacts
bull LRI information
structure
bull Search service
bull Authorisation
service
bull Versioning
4
1
WPA1-02
Functional
analysis and
design of the
LRI Portal Hub
and RI Peer
modules -
Iteration 1
bull Feasibility
Study
artefacts
bull WPA1-01
Detailed technical
designs on how to
implement the
LRI Portal Hub
and Peer modules
7
WPA1-03
Implementation
of LRI Portal
and Hub -
Iteration 1
WPA1-02 Software
implementation of
the LRI Portal and
Hub modules
4 -
WPA1-04
Implementation
of the LRI RI
Peer - Iteration 1
WPA1-02 Software
implementation of
the LRI RI Peer
module
6 -
WPA1-05
Testing -
Iteration 1
bull WPA1-03
bull WPA1-04
Initial version of
the LRI rolled out
to production 7 -
WPA1-06
Detailed
technical
analysis of the
Common
Communication
Protocol -
Iteration 2
WPA1-01 Payment service
2
1
WPA1-07
Functional
analysis and
design of the
LRI Portal Hub
and RI Peer
modules -
Iteration 2
WPA1-06 Detailed technical
designs on how to
implement
payments the LRI
Portal Hub and
Peer modules
5
98 279
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimates
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA1-08
Implementation
of LRI Portal
and Hub -
Iteration 2
WPA1-07 Software
implementation of
the LRI Portal and
Hub modules
supporting
payments
5 -
WPA1-09
Implementation
of the LRI RI
Peer - Iteration 2
WPA1-07 Software
implementation of
the LRI RI Peer
module
3 -
WPA1-10
Testing -
Iteration 2
bull WPA1-08
bull WPA1-09
Second version of
the LRI rolled out
to production 5 -
WPA1-11
Detailed
technical
analysis of the
Common
Communication
Protocol -
Iteration 3
WPA1-06 Professional
capacity
certification
service 2 -
WPA1-12
Functional
analysis and
design of the
LRI Portal Hub
and RI Peer
modules -
Iteration 3
WPA1-11 Detailed technical
designs on how to
implement
professional
capacity
certification in the
LRI Portal Hub
and Peer modules
3
1
WPA1-13
Implementation
of LRI Portal
and Hub -
Iteration 3
WPA1-12 Software
implementation of
the LRI Portal and
Hub modules
supporting
payments
3
WPA1-14
Implementation
of the LRI RI
Peer - Iteration 3
WPA1-12 Software
implementation of
the LRI RI Peer
module
2 -
WPA1-15
Testing -
Iteration 3
bull WPA1-13
bull WPA1-14
Third version of
the LRI rolled out
to production 3 -
99 279
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimates
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA1-16
Conformance
testing with LR
participants and
roll-out to
production
WPA1-15 LR participants
integrated in LRI
solution fully
available to the
general public
12 3
Total effort estimate 68 6
Table 8 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 1
100 279
252 Alternative 2 the European e-Justice Portal interconnects the EULIS
portal and Member State registers
2521 Overview
The following figure presents an overview of the proposed work packages required to
implement Alternative 2 A detailed description for each package as well as an effort
estimate is presented in the sub-section lsquoDescriptionrsquo
Figure 23 Work packages and deliverables of alternative 2
2522 Description
The expected effort for alternative 2 is similar to the one provided for Alternative 1 in
regards to the LRI implementation However due to the co-existence of the two platforms
it is expected that two additional work packages will have to be foreseen so as to analyse
the technical implications of integrating EULIS in to the LRI Hub and implement the
integration
In addition a supplementary test cycle needs to be performed so as to ensure that the
integration of the two systems works as expected
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimate
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA2-01
Detailed
technical
analysis of the
LRI-EULIS
integration
bull Feasibility
Study artefacts
bull WPA1-02
Detailed
technical
design of the
LRI-EULIS
integration
3 1
101 279
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimate
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA2-02
Implementation
of the LRI-
EULIS
integration
WPA2-01 Software
implementation
of the LRI-
EULIS
integration
4 -
WPA2-03
Testing and
roll-out to
production
WPA2-02 LRI-EULIS
integration
rolled out to
production
3 -
Total effort estimate 10 1
Total effort estimate (including effort of Alternative 1) 78 7
Table 9 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 2
102 279
253 Alternative 3 the European e-Justice Portal integrates and extends
the EULIS platform
2531 Overview
The following figure presents an overview of the proposed work packages required to
implement Alternative 3 A detailed description for each package as well as an effort
estimate is presented in the sub-section lsquoDescriptionrsquo
Figure 24 Work packages and deliverables of alternative 3
103 279
2532 Description
ID Description Input Output
Effort Estimate
DG
Justice
Member
States
WPA3-01
Establishment of
the current
technical and
functional
baseline of the
EULIS platform
bull Feasibility
Study
artefacts
bull Existing
EULIS
technical
and
functional
artefacts
Detailed
functional and
technical
baseline of
EULIS
4
1
WPA3-02
Establishment of
the technical and
functional target
for the LRI
Portal module
and LRI Hub
Feasibility
Study
artefacts
Detailed
technical and
functional
target of the
LRI Portal
module and
LRI Hub
established
2
WPA3-03
Establishment of
the technical and
functional target
for the LRI RI
EULIS Peer
bull Feasibility
Study
artefacts
bull WPA3-02
Detailed
technical and
functional
target of the
LRI RI
EULIS Peer
established
2
WPA3-04
Fit-gap analysis
of EULIS
baseline and LRI
target functional
and technical
design
bull WPA3-01
bull WPA3-02
bull WPA3-03
bull Detailed
technical
design of the
changes
required so
that EULIS
can be
integrated in
to the LRI
Hub
bull Detailed
technical
design of the
changes
required to
the lsquoEULIS
Templatersquo so
8 -
104 279
Table 10 Effort estimates in man-months for the implementation of Alternative 3
26 Implementation roadmap
that it can
become the
LRI EULIS
RI Peer
bull Detailed
migration
plan of
EULIS to
LRI
WPA3-05
Implementation
of the LRI Hub
and LRI Portal
modules using
EULIS
WPA3-04 Software
implementatio
n of the LRI
Hub and
Portal
modules using
EULIS
8 -
WPA3-06
Implementation
of the LRI RI
Peer using
EULIS
WPA3-04 Software
implementatio
n of the LRI
RI Peer
modules using
EULIS
Template
5 -
WPA3-07
Extension of
existing LRI
Peer used
currently in
Member States
WPA3-04 Revised
Software
implementatio
n of the LRI
Peer module
- 5
WPA3-08
Testing bull WPA3-05
bull WPA3-06
LRI rolled out
to production 8 2
WPA3-09
Conformance
testing with LR
participants and
roll-out to
production
bull WPA3-07 LR
participants
integrated in
LRI solution
fully available
to the general
public
12 3
Total effort estimate 49 11
105 279
One of the basic requirements set by DG JUST in REF1 for the definition of the
architectural approaches presented earlier in this document is that they are designed in
such a way so that it is possible to migrate from
a Alternative 1 to alternative 2
b Alternative 1 to alternative 3
c Alternative 2 to alternative 3
Although not explicitly mentioned in REF1 these migration approaches seem to sketch a
potential deployment roadmap for the solution in which Alternative 1 is initially
implemented and then migrated either to Alternative 2 (which subsequently is migrated to
Alternative 3) or to Alternative 3
However during the course of this study it became apparent that a reasonable approach
would be to envisage the migration plan in a different order Specifically given the
capabilities currently offered by EULIS and the findings of REF3 a reasonable approach
would be to first use the EULIS platform as a springboard for developing the LRI and
then subsequently proceed in an iterative fashion toward the implementation of a
harmonised LRI which can provide the set of desired capabilities This conclusion has
been reached after an investigation of the key findings of REF3 which calls for
capabilities that are either completely absent from the current EULIS platform (such as
professional capacity certification) or are modelled in such a way that enhancing them will
essentially constitute a migration toward Alternative 1 (for example payments search and
authorisation)
In this frame Alternative 2 becomes a transitional phase where the two interconnection
approaches co-exist until all LRI participants are able to use the new LRI standard
With the above in mind a proposed migration approach starting from the current baseline
would be the following
a 1st transition phase DG JUST takes over the EULIS platform and executes the
work packages marked under Alternative 3 with the exception of WPA3-02 (ie
without implementing any additional enhancements) The intention at this stage is to
interconnect existing EULIS participants into the EJP and in addition provide an
LRI EULIS RI Peer to other Member States that may also wish to participate at this
stage It must be noted however that some existing EULIS features (such as
payments) may be difficult to implement in this scenario due to their design
However the end-result of this transition may be sufficient so as to provide LRI
participants and DG JUST with significant information on LRI and potential further
developments
b 2nd transition phase During this second transition DG JUST executes the work
packages included in the first iteration of Alternative 1 and deploys it in parallel
with Alternative 3 Before proceeding it must be noted that given the fact that
Alternative 1 is designed keeping in mind a gradual deployment it may be possible
to proceed further during this 2nd
transition and also implement the second or even
the third iterations of Alternative 1
Regardless of the number of Alternative 1 iterations the intention is to reach a
hybrid operation mode where the LRI supports both Member States using the
EULIS interconnection as well as Member States that prefer to participate in the LRI
using the new interconnection standard
106 279
Regardless of the level of completion reached in regard to the implementation of
Alternative 1 the landscape created during this transition is the proposed
Architecture of Alternative 2
c Target state ndash harmonised LRI This is the eventual target state of the LRI
architecture To reach this point DG JUST executes the remaining Alternative 1
iterations and gradually decommissions the EULIS interconnection
The proposed implementation and migration roadmap is depicted in the following figure
using the lsquoArchitecture Implementation and Migration Viewpointrsquo of Archimate 20 (see
REF4)
Figure 25 Proposed LRI implementation roadmap
107 279
27 Strengths and weaknesses of the alternatives
The following table summarises the strengths and weaknesses of each architectural
alternative analysed earlier in this document
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
Alternative 1 the
European e-Justice
Portal develops its
own solution for
interconnection
Complete functional
capabilities due to the fact
that alternative 1 has been
designed whilst keeping in
mind the wide scope of LRI it
offers the most complete set of
functionalities allowing
flexible search queries to one
or more participants
integrating dynamic
authorisation schemes
provision of responses to
search results and facilitating
direct payments from LRI end
users to LRI participants
High degree of flexibility
The proposed solution for
alternative 1 has been
designed so that several
aspects which are difficult to
address immediately or may
change in the future are
abstracted Doing so allows
adding further capabilities
(such as certifying
professionals using a service
provided by a competent
authority)
Potential for expansion The
design of the solution allows
future expansions as the
information exchanged
between LRI participants and
the EJP is formally structured
and may be further processed
or enhanced according to
business needs An example of
this potential is the automatic
translation of labels and pre-
defined terms A further
development that would
leverage existing EJP facilities
could be the complete
translation of the information
Effort required Evidently Alternative 1
requires more effort than
alternative 3 in order to be
analysed and deployed
Previous investment
underutilised Given that
in Alternative 1 EULIS is
not utilised the investment
already made by Member
States integrated in this
platform will be
underutilised
High complexity The
findings of this feasibility
study although not detailed
to the level of enabling the
immediate production of an
actual LRI system have
shown that a variety of
subjects (such as the
certification of professional
capacity) may prove to be
much more difficult than
anticipated in terms of
analysis as well as
implementation Thus the
effort estimated for
implementing alternative 1
may change depending on
the findings of further
analysis
108 279
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
exchanged using machine or
manual translation
Alternative 2 the
European e-Justice
Portal interconnects
the EULIS portal
and Member State
registers
Combined benefits A close
observation of the strengths
and weaknesses of
Alternatives 1 and 3 shows
that they are essentially
adverse as the strengths of
one solution are essentially the
weaknesses of the other Thus
given that this alternative is
designed as a combination of
alternatives 1 and 3 it
combines their strengths and
manages to diminish some of
their weaknesses especially
the ones related to the
business and functional
capabilities as well as the
underutilisation of the
investment already made by
Member States in EULIS
Effort required As shown
already in the effort
estimates presented in this
document this alternative
has the highest effort
requirement so as to roll-
out
High complexity Although technically
possible the integration of
the two different
interconnection approaches
may in the future impose
constraints in the overall
LRI service provided by the
EJP This is true currently
since some of the
functionalities offered by
the proposed LRI standard
cannot be supported by the
EULIS platform without
revising it Furthermore
DG JUST will have to
maintain two separate
service lines as the
maturation of the proposed
LRI standard may bring
additional services which
further diverge from the
current EULIS proposal or
it may be the case that
further developments in the
EULIS platform impose
new or revise existing
requirements for integrating
it with EJP
Alternative 3 the
European e-Justice
Portal integrates and
extends the EULIS
platform
Less effort required as
identified earlier in this
document implementing this
approach requires less effort
than the other two alternatives
Faster initial roll-out due to
the fact that EULIS is already
deployed and there are already
Authentication model
The current authentication
model employed by EULIS
is based on the fact that a
Land Register is capable of
authenticating its own
users However as
identified in REF3 this
hypothesis is not valid for
109 279
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
Member States participating in
the interconnection it is
expected that the initial roll-
out of alternative 3 should
take less time to roll-out in
production than the other two
alternatives
Technology portfolio The
components used to
implement EULIS are
conformant with the
technological landscape
identified from the responses
Member States provided in
Questionnaire n 3
all Land Registers
Eventually the
authentication model
employed by EULIS will
have to be revised
resembling the one
proposed in Alternative 1
so as to be able to scale on
a pan-European level which
will require additional cost
Fewer capabilities by its
definition the model
employed in EULIS
imposes certain restrictions
on the capabilities that can
be developed without
altering the platform to the
point that it starts
resembling Alternative 1
For example the
certification of an end
userrsquos professional capacity
is not supported thus Land
Registers that require such
a certification for providing
basic or enhanced
information services will
not be able to provide their
services
Another example is the
provision of responses to
search results which does
not allow easily decorating
them with additional
information that is or may
become available on the
European e-Justice Portal
Asynchronous calls are
not supported By
definition search queries in
EULIS are executed in real
or near-real time This
however imposes certain
restrictions Specifically it
imposes a direct
dependency between the
service provided by the EJP
110 279
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
and the information
provider (ie the Land
Registers) as without
modifying the current
EULIS mode of operation
a Land Register must be
on-line both for receiving a
request as well as for a user
to be able to view the result
of the query submitted
This constraint makes
difficult the participation of
off-line registers and
imposes an increase in the
technical availability the
LRI EULIS peers
Table 11 Strengths and weaknesses summarisation for all alternatives
111 279
28 Performance and volumetric estimations
The following table provides a set of rough estimates regarding the expected increase of
traffic on the European e-Justice Portal due to the introduction of the LRI Please note that
the numbers provided reflect expected numbers of transactions that the EJP may have to
serve once the LRI is deployed and available to the general public however at this point
it is not possible to foresee the increase in unique visitors for the EJP as the exact
behaviour users currently show when submitting queries to existing Land Registers or
EULIS is not clear Indeed it may be the case that a single user triggers multiple
transactions or that each transaction may belong to a single user
Furthermore it must be noted that providing volumetric and performance estimations with
high accuracy is not possible as certain elements (eg exact services to be provided by the
EJP level of integration with Member States etc) are not yet clearly defined It is
however possible to provide rough estimates using a set of reasonable assumptions per
alternative Given this in the case the LRI project proceeds to the analysis and
implementation phases it is expected that the estimates provided in this document will
need to be revised
Alternative Assumptions Calculation approach Estimated
amount of
transactions
Alternative 1
the European e-
Justice Portal
develops its own
solution for
interconnection
An estimated
maximum of 1 of
the reported number
of current Land
Registers transactions
are expected to be
cross-border
The figures provided by
Member States are
summed and a 1
volume is calculated
61700 per
month
Alternative 2
the European e-
Justice Portal
interconnects the
EULIS portal and
Member State
registers
The assumptions for
Alternatives 1 and 3
remain the same
The estimates for
Alternative 1 and 3 are
summed
620780 per
month
Alternative 3
the European e-
Justice Portal
integrates and
extends the
EULIS platform
The current
amount of queries
served by EULIS
per month is 100
This figure
represents the
traffic generated
with 5
interconnections
All 28 Member
States will
participate in the
interconnection
The potential number of
interchange routes
between current EULIS
participants is calculated
to 20 [NN-1]
The expected number of
interexchange routes in
case all 28 Member
States participate in
EULIS is 756
The final result is then
calculated by the
formula
[Current Routes][Future
queries] = [Expected
3780 queries
per month
112 279
routes] [Current
queries]
Table 12 Volumetric estimations
29 Re-usable architectural assets
The architecture alternatives proposed in this document re-use existing technical assets of
DG JUST and EULIS as much as possible In particular the following elements are
currently re-used
The EJP
ECAS (European Commission Authentication Service)
The EULIS ESB
It must be noted that when the Land Registers Interconnection is developed additional
analysis will be required to determine the exact functional and technical capabilities to be
re-used by the aforementioned assets as well as to identify other systems that may be re-
used
113 279
3 Part III Proposals for handling payments
31 Introduction
311 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to present the solutions that are proposed for handling
payments in the context of the Land Registers interconnection The proposed solutions
take into account all of the requirements set by DG Justice as well as the business needs
constraints and requirements identified by the analysis that has been carried out in the
scope of the Land Registers Interconnection feasibility and implementation analysis
project
312 Scope
Given the purpose of this document it is within its scope to
Provide a high level description of the various terms relevant to the domain of
payments with the interest of establishing a common understanding between
readers
Document the initial requirements set by DG Justice (see REF1 section 242)
Present the key findings of the analysis phase of the project that are relevant to
payments according to the responses received by Member States mainly in
Questionnaire no 3
Using as basis these key findings identify and extract additional requirements
Propose a logical design for a solution that may be used in the context of LRI and
clearly show how it interacts with the proposed architectures analysed in Part II
According to the information collected the requirements and constraints and the
logical design propose a set of physical designs that may be utilised in the context
of LRI These proposals are described at a level that is sufficient for the
stakeholders to assess the feasibility of the proposals and select the one that better
fits their needs and constraints
Catalogue the strengths and weaknesses of each proposed physical design
It is not in the scope of this document to provide further details or analysis relevant to
specific implementation particulars of the proposed solutions In particular it is not in the
scope of this document to provide
A detailed specification of the technical interfaces that may be used for realising
payments
A concrete software architecture and implementation details relevant to the various
specific components mentioned in this document
A detailed analysis of potential service providers that can be employed for
realising the proposed solution
A security analysis for the proposed solutions
A potential implementation roadmap
114 279
313 Intended Audience
This document assumes that the readers have a good knowledge and understanding of the
context scope and activities presented in the Technical Annex lsquoLand Registers
Interconnection ndash feasibility and implementation analysisrsquo of REF7
In addition the readers of this document are invited to first study the lsquoBusiness Analysis
Reportrsquo (see Part I) and lsquoArchitecture Overviewrsquo (see Part II)
Although the themes discussed in this document require a certain level of understanding of
payments (electronic or otherwise) the language and format try to facilitate the readerrsquos
understanding either by providing simplified background knowledge on the subject or by
remaining conceptual as much as possible so as not to require additional technical
knowledge from the reader
314 Overview of the document
Proposing an appropriate payment solution for the Land Registers Interconnection is a
complex task that has been tackled in iterative steps starting from the basis established by
DG Justice in the projectrsquos lsquoTerm of Referencersquo (see REF1) and reaching the point where
it becomes possible to define a high level payment solution and propose payment systems
that is able to support it
The structure of this document resembles the process followed
a Initially readers are introduced to some general background information regarding
payment systems and payment service providers in Section lsquoIntroduction to
payment systemsrsquo
b Subsequently Section lsquoPayment solution overviewrsquo establishes information
elements that are used to drive the definition of the proposed solution In short this
section
Presents the business baseline as established by DG Justice in REF1
Identifies the key findings of the responses received by Member States in
Questionnaire nr 3
Draws a set of high level requirements
c Building on the information presented earlier in the document Section lsquoProposed
Payment Solutionsrsquo presents a proposed solution design Specifically this section
Presents a logical solution design explaining its key concepts and showing
how it interacts with the design proposed in the lsquoArchitecture Overviewrsquo
document (see Part II)
Identifies potential implementation alternatives and maps them to the
logical design
Compares the strengths and weaknesses of each alternative
Please note that in the context of this study existing implementations of payment systems
employed by other projects (eg the solution implemented by EULIS or the EBR system
implemented by ES) have also been taken into consideration Where appropriate these
systems are mentioned however it is not the intention to cover their scope functionality
or features in detail in this document
115 279
32 Introduction to payment systems
This chapter provides a brief description of the general landscape of payment systems for
the sake of comprehension and completeness
321 Definition of a payment system
In the context of this document the term lsquopayment systemrsquo generally refers to a network
that facilitates monetary exchanges between bank accounts The term lsquosystemrsquo denotes a
particular characteristic of this network which is that exchanges taking place within it are
not performed using actual cash but rather substitutes (eg credit cards debit cards etc)
These substitutes can also be referred to as lsquopayment instrumentsrsquo as they are the tools for
implementing these monetary exchanges
Furthermore a payment system defines how payments are processed or lsquocleared and
settledrsquo This latter term includes all activities that take place from the moment a monetary
exchange starts up until the moment the amount of money paid is actually moved in the
account of the recipient
It must be stressed here that a payment system facilitates monetary exchanges between
two bank accounts ie the connection between payer and payee is mostly one to one
322 Types of payment service providers
Although it is possible for an individual enterprise or organisation to establish all
processes required so as to enable payments for the services they provide the preferred
approach is to request the implementation of a payment system from a payment services
provider
Such providers offer their expertise in the field of payments and provide a variety of
services which can be summarised to the following
a Connection to multiple banks card and payment networks
b Management of the aforementioned technical connections as well as of the
relationships with external bank accounts and networks which quite often
translates to cheaper fees for entities utilising the services of a provider and less to
no effort required for the management of interconnections
c Risk Management services for bank and card based payments
d Matching of transactions and payments
e Offer reporting services to end users
f Offer additional facilities such as shopping baskets
116 279
Depending on the breadth and depth of services offered by a payment services provider it
is thus possible to generally separate them into three categories39
a Distributors are payment service providers that take over the technical burden for
end users to accept payments They build and maintain the connection to many
payment systems (cards and alternatives) Thus an end user needs only to connect
to one Distributor to be able to accept several payment methods
Distributors do not collect funds related to different payment systems as end users
are paid directly by the financial institution that process their card and alternative
payments
This type of payment service provider is better suited for end users requiring only a
few payment options or capable of handling their own reconciliation
It must be noted that the capability to handle reconciliations (ie matching orders
with received settlements) is very important when using such payment service
providers Indeed due to the fact that separate settlements for every payment
system accepted are received in different frequencies and delays the process of
reconciliation can be a time-consuming and costly process
b Collectors are payment service providers that streamline settlement for all
accepted payment systems combining them into one settlement Thus end users
receive all payments in one batch to their bank account and get reporting that
simplifies payment reconciliation
Such payment service providers are ideal for end users requiring many payment
options to serve their audience
However it must be noted that negotiation of transaction fees and contracting
remain the responsibility of the end user This can be useful in the case of end
users with a substantial amount of transactions However in cases where the size
of the transactions is not sufficient it may be difficult for the end user to secure
better pricing on transaction fees
c Aggregators are payment service providers that act as a one stop shop for end
users they take over the technical burden to accept payments collect the funds for
several payment systems and contract with the individual payment methods
The difference between the Collectors previously mentioned and the Aggregators
is that the Aggregators contract with the payment method company on behalf of
end users thus managing to achieve better transaction fees due to the total number
of transactions Thus there is no need for end users to negotiate transaction prices
or contract with the financial institution that processes the payment method
Distributors differ from Aggregators due to the fact that the latter also collect
funds settle the end userrsquos bank account and negotiate the terms with the payment
method company
In practice end users that are not interested in offering a substantial variety of
payment options and are not in the position to negotiate better terms for their
contracts should prefer to use such payment service providers
39 Please note that the information presented here is loosely based on httpwwwabout-
paymentscomknowledge-baseproviders
117 279
33 Payment solution overview
331 Solution goals
The majority of Land Registers require a fee for the information they can provide to their
end users Assuming that the Land Registers Interconnection project is implemented it is
expected that such fees will remain in place
An initial concern is the fact that transactions need to take place in a diverse environment
The end users of the European e-Justice Portal that may be interested in Land Register
information are mainly citizens of the EU Member States thus a payment system used to
support the required payments need not only be presented in their native language but also
support the payment instruments (eg debit card credit card etc) available to them
This concern is also valid for Land Registers however with a minor variation indeed any
payment system proposed in the context of LRI needs to support the currencies currently
employed by Land Registers in EU In addition Land Registers may need to establish
contractual agreements with the provider of such a payment system so it becomes
important to ensure that if required such contractual agreements are possible from a legal
and regulatory point of view and beneficial for Land Registers participating in the LRI
Furthermore any payment solution proposed must be set-up using an external payment
solution provider since the European Commission does not have the mandate to
intermediate monetary transactions between the users of the European e-Justice Portal and
Land Registers for services rendered
Thus the immediate goals of a payment solution for the LRI are identified as following
a Ensure that the specificities of participating Member States in terms of legal or
other constraints are adhered to
b Support the payment models currently employed by Land Registers
c Be compliant with the architectures proposed in Part II
In this context DG Justice pinpointed (without implying a specific restriction to them)
three potential alternatives that could be considered
a Existing payment systems that Land Registers have in place are re-used provided
that these systems are or can be available in a language that the end user
understands and support the payment instruments available to the end user
b A competent authority (eg the Land Register of the end userrsquos country of origin)
to which the end user is registered is responsible for receiving the cost of the end
user consultations the end user may reimburse this cost to the competent authority
according to the models supported by it (eg pre-payment in form of credit post
payment for the exact amount of consultations performed etc)
c A central payment service is used handling all transactions between end users and
Land Registers
118 279
332 Key findings
In the context of this study participating Member States were asked to provide
information relevant to the payment systems currently employed if any as well as
information relevant to the subject of payments The answers provided by Member States
have been used in order to establish the current payments landscape The findings are
summarised below according to their domain of interest
ID Finding Description
KF-001 Payment
required
The majority of Member States providing access to LR
information require a fee either before a query is
submitted or before the actual data are delivered to the
user In Member States where payment is required the
exceptions to this finding are
a Basic searches (eg using the property identifier)
b Search queries submitted by the owner of the
property or the national administration
KF-002 Pricing The price for providing the requested information varies
between Member States
KF-003 Risk
management
Member States in principle tend to avoid risks related to
non-payment of the service rendered Indeed most
Member States deliver the requested information only
after payment for it has been cleared
KF-004 Payment
models
It has been found that Land Registers employ a variety
of payment models which can be summarised to the
following
a Recurring (eg monthlyyearly subscriptions)
b One-off (eg pay per use before receiving the
information or before submitting a query)
Furthermore Member States employ two different
timings for their payment models Pre-paid method of
payment is the most common (used in 14 Member
States) whereas 9 Member States also support post-paid
models
KF-005 Payment
instruments
Before proceeding further please note that a detailed
breakdown of the payment instruments used as well as
current developments is presented in Consolidated
responses from questionnaire nr 3 to this document
A wide spectrum of payment instruments are used by
Member States it has been found that the most used
payment instrument is Credit Transfer with Direct Debit
being second (both of which cover 68 of all
payments) and Cheque being third
It must be noted also that several Member States have
already introduced or plan to introduce card payments
which are mostly used for one-off payments or
payments by non-registered users
119 279
ID Finding Description
Some Member States also accept cash payments
however the volumes are with the exception of one
Member State very low
The characteristics of the payments instruments
employed by Member States are largely based on the
end-user types supported For example users accessing
the system via registered or subscription-based accounts
generally pay a monthly invoice either by Credit
Transfer or by Direct Debit whereas one-time users
prefer paying by Card Domestic lsquoreal-timersquo payment
traditional payment instruments (ie Cheques) or Credit
Transfer
It also should be noted that most of the Member States
supporting Direct Debit are requiring lsquoirrevocabilityrsquo of
the payment which practically means than once such a
payment takes place it is not possible to dispute it this
last observation falls in line with the risk aversion
identified earlier in lsquoRisk managementrsquo
KF-006 Volumes Before proceeding further please note that a detailed
breakdown of the transaction volumes is presented in
Consolidated responses from questionnaire nr 3 to this
document
According to the information provided by 9 Member
States the total amount of transactions related to intra-
border payments made is estimated between 45 and 55
Million transactions with an additional 2000 ndash 3000
cross-border payments taking place per year It must be
noted that the figures provided here should be
considered as indicative since in some cases Member
States only provided approximations on the transaction
numbers and not precise volumes
KF-007 Payment
Service
Providers
Payment services are used mainly for Card payments
and are usually supported by Payment Service
Providers who also offer a mixture of payment
instruments including debit credit and direct transfers
KF-008 Multi-
currency
accounts
Nearly all participants do not use or require accounts in
multiple currencies ie they work with their domestic
currency or Euro
Table 13 Key findings
120 279
333 Significant solution requirements
Taking the findings of the study into consideration the requirements listed in the
following table have been identified
ID Requirement Description
SR-001 Payment
instruments
Any proposed payment solution should support at least
Credit Transfer and Direct Debit as these are the most
popular payment instruments and it is expected that
they will retain their prominent position Given the new
developments that take place in Member States it is
also advisable to include Cards as a payment
instrument which also supports near 100 Straight-
Through Processing40
(STP) and is expected to support
the phase-out of older payment instruments such as the
Cheque and Cash payments
SR-002 Payment
models and
pricing
As identified in KF-004 and KF-005 Member States
employ a variety of payment models which are mainly
determined by the type of user served by each
individual Land Register
Assuming that user profiles remain similar in the LRI
and keeping in mind that the proposals made in the
context of this study should not drastically change the
current way of working for interconnected Land
Registers any proposed solution should impose
minimal (if any) restrictions on supported payment
models and should allow Land Registers to establish
their own pricing per model
SR-003 Flexibility It has been observed that most Member States are
currently in the process of changing their approach on
payment systems This in conjunction with the changes
currently occurring in the payment systems sector as a
whole create a volatile payments landscape which leads
to the conclusion that any proposed payment solution
must also be able to cope with this environment
SR-004 Conformance
to standards
Any proposed solution should support current
international standards that are in use today or are to
become compulsory in the near future
SR-005 Support for
simultaneous
payments
In order to enhance the end user experience any
proposed solution should facilitate payments to multiple
recipients using a single uniformed process
40 Straight-Through Processing (STP) enables the entire trade process for capital market and payment
transactions to be conducted electronically without the need for re-keying or manual intervention subject to
legal and regulatory restrictions The concept has also been transferred into other sectors including energy
(oil gas) trading and banking and financial planning
121 279
ID Requirement Description
In practice this means that if an end user chooses to
submit queries to multiple Land Registers the solution
should allow grouping these queries into one shopping
basket and eventually ask the end user once to confirm
his selection and pay according to the payment model
supported by the Land Registers included in the basket
SF-006 Support for
multiple
languages
Any solution proposed must provide its graphical user
interface in all official EU languages
Table 14 Solution requirements
34 Proposed payment solutions
341 Logical solution design
In principle the solution needed for establishing LRI payment services resembles that of
an electronic commerce platform In practice this implies that at least the following set of
facilities should be provided by the proposed logical design
a A shopping cart that may be used by end users so as to collect services they are
interested in buying
b A way for merchants (ie Land Registers) to create organise and evaluate their
products (ie search services)
c An accounting facility that may be used to keep record of transactions and extract
reports
d An interface that can be used by end users so as to pay for their selected services
A solution that includes such facilities is further described in the following sections
122 279
3411 Design overview
Figure 26 Logical payment solution overview
3412 Design significant concepts
Before proceeding further readers are encouraged to read through the LRI lsquoArchitecture
Overviewrsquo (see also Part II) where several of the concepts used are described in detail
Name Documentation
EJP This concept represents the EJP
LRI Portal
Module
This concept represents the LRI module that is available to
the general public via the EJP It is responsible for all visual
elements relevant to the LRI including the rendition of search
forms according to the search criteria allowed by the recipient
of the query informing the user on the expected quantity and
quality of information etc
LRI Portal GUI This concept represents the LRI Portal Graphical User
Interface (GUI) that is available to LRI end-users via the EJP
Shopping basket
service
This concept represents the interaction between the Shopping
Basket and the Product Management services offered by the
Payment Services Platform and its visual implementation
which is hosted in the LRI Portal GUI
End user This concept represents the collaboration between the LRI
123 279
Name Documentation
payment services Portal module and the Payment Services Platform so as to
deliver the functionality required so that EJP registered users
can pay when required for the search queries they submit via
the LRI Portal GUI
Portal registered
user
This concept represents a registered user of the e-Justice
Portal
Shopping Basket A service module provided by the Payment Services
Platform which includes all components necessary so that an
EJP registered user can add remove or modify products (such
as queries to Land Registers monthly subscriptions etc) It
allows the collection and categorization of these products and
by interfacing with the Product Management service module
it is capable to provide to the end user a detailed view of the
value of the products included in his basket
Product
Management
This service module enables the creation and management of
products that are offered via the EJP LRI Portal GUI It
supports creating product bundles according to Land Register
requirements (eg pre-pay monthlyyearly subscription etc)
as well as defining specific policies for them (eg available
only to notaries) and may allow the calculation of the price of
a given product even if it of post-paid nature by providing
some standard prices
Payment
Services Platform
This concept represents a platform that offers a set of services
relevant to payments and accounting Although seen here as a
single logical component in reality it may be logically
partitioned according to the approach followed by its
implementer
Order clearance This service module provides all services and interfaces
required so that an EJP end user can pay for the products he
has added in his shopping basket It provides the necessary
screens so that end users can approve or reject the amount to
be paid for a given order allowing them to select the currency
to be used for payments as well as the payment means (eg
credit card debit card bank transfer etc) Furthermore this
module coordinates with Accounting in order to check if
products of the end users order do not require further
payment (eg a query is included that is covered by a
previously paid for monthly subscription)
In case the Payment Services Platform does not support
payments to multiple recipients at once this module
facilitates the end user during the payment process by keeping
in store as many payment details as possible requiring thus
the end user to fill in only the absolutely necessary
information multiple times (eg provide a token to authorize a
given transaction)
Accounting This service module contains all services and graphical user
interfaces so as to enable accounting It keeps a record of the
various transactions between EJP registered users and Land
124 279
Name Documentation
Registers and thus allows (a) keeping a record for previously
paid products (eg monthly subscriptions) and (b) if the
Payment Services Platform supports executing payments to
multiple recipients and in collaboration with the Payment
Execution service module it allows the implementation of
payments to multiple recipients
Payment
execution
This service module allows the execution of payments to
Land Registers using payment protocols supported by them
Depending on the capabilities of the Payment Services
Platform this module may allow implementing simultaneous
payments to multiple recipients
Common
Communication
Protocol
This concept represents the Common Communication
Protocol established in LRI lsquoArchitecture Overviewrsquo In the
context of this document this concept is used in order to
reflect that the Payment module included in it may interact
with facilities provided by the Payment Services Platform
Payment
clearance
This concept represents the interaction between the LRI
Portal GUI with the Payment Services Platform with the
interest of retrieving information relevant to the clearance of
payments made by EJP registered users As soon as a
transaction is marked as processed successfully the LRI
Portal GUI allows end users to submit their queries to Land
Registers Furthermore it is assumed that Land Registers
accept that if a consultation requiring a fee is submitted by the
EJP the end user submitting it has already paid the amount
required and do not require further information on this fact
either from the EJP or the Payment Services Platform
Business
payment services
This concept represents the collaboration between the EJP
and the Payment Services Platform in order to deliver the
functionality required so that the EJP can when required
retrieve payment information relevant to a given query
Payments A service module included in the Common Communication
Protocol which includes services relevant to providing
payment information to the Interconnection Hub when such
information is required (eg inform the Hub if a given query
has been paid and thus the requester can access its result)
LRI Peer This concept represents a software component which
implements the common communication protocol and is
deployed in the Member State premises
Automated
product
management
This concept represents the interaction between the LRI Peer
with the Payment Services Platform with the interest of
automatically managing the products offered by a Land
Register via the LRI Essentially it allows Land Register users
to create or modify service bundles (such as pre-paid
consultations monthly or yearly subscriptions etc) using
their own systems and eventually publish this information
using this interaction to the Product Management service
module of the Payment Services Platform
Product This concept represents the collaboration between the LRI
125 279
Name Documentation
management
services
Peer module and the Payment Services Platform so as to
enable automations related to Product Management
Table 15 Key concepts of the payment solution design
342 Physical payment solutions
The previous section provided a logical solution which can support the establishment of an
electronic marketplace for the LRI However it is important to identify candidate physical
solutions which are based on the three alternatives discussed in section lsquoSolution Goalsrsquo
and evaluate their match against the logical design proposed
These physical solutions have been identified using as basis the information provided by
Land Registers in Questionnaire nr 3 or in the case of the Virtual Bank are lsquogreen-fieldrsquo
proposals
Before proceeding further it must be stressed that the proposals made in this document are
not exhaustively analysed The intention is to present to the reader a high level view of
each proposal so that a decision can be reached and an implementation road-map can be
drawn Indeed it is expected that in case any of these solutions are chosen for further
development detailed analysis will be required for its realisation
3421 Solution 1 Usage of existing payment systems
34211 Description
As identified in KF-001 the majority of Land Registers requires some form of
compensation so as to provide access to LR data Furthermore the responses provided by
Land Registers in regard to the services they provide electronically (see Part II) leads to
the conclusion that several of them have already established payment systems they use
using specific Payment Service Providers (PSP) for that purpose
In this approach Land Registers would maintain their existing PSP and the LRI payment
solution would be required to integrate with them The key point to observe is that instead
of having a single Payment Services Platform the solution utilises multiple ones since the
existing PSP will play this role The LRI payment solution implementation will be
extended in order to map LR and their corresponding PSP By default it is expected that a
single PSP will be assigned to a single LR however it seems reasonable to also expect that
in cases where LR share PSP (eg UK and NL) it may be possible to reflect this in the LRI
Payments configuration Assuming this model is followed it may also be expected that
eventually LR that do not currently use a specific PSP establish agreements with one of
the supported
Given the above a major deviation from requirement SR-005 is immediately identifiable
Indeed due to the fact that different PSP are to be used in this solution it is expected that
in most cases end users of the EJP will not be able to group services from multiple LR in
their shopping basket thus making it impossible to make a single payment for all desired
services
126 279
Furthermore the following assumptions must be true for this solution to be considered as
a viable candidate
a The PSP to be integrated and provide graphical user interfaces that end users can
use preferably in all official EU languages or at least in English
b The PSP offers a Shopping Basket service or supports integration with one that is
readily available in the market
c Product management is handled by facilities provided either by the PSP or the LR
Regardless of the approach it is possible to integrate the EJP to this service
d The PSP offers a variety of payment instruments that are available to all citizens of
EU
Hence in this approach an expected flow of actions for an end user to acquire his required
services would be the following
a The end user selects a set of services offered by a single Land Register At this
point EJP may determine additional LR available for selection to the end user
depending on the PSP used by them
b The shopping basket shows a calculated valuation in accordance to the
information provided by the Product Management module
c The end user decides to check-out his shopping basket He is then forwarded to the
payment clearance page of the specific PSP used by the Land Register where he
can choose his desired payment method
d Once payment is made by the end user and depending on the type of PSP (ie
Distributor Collector or Aggregator) and any specific agreements in place the
Land Register is informed and can subsequently allow queries to be submitted by
the end-user
e After this point the services bought by the end user become available to him
34212 Mapping to logical solution
Name Documentation
Shopping basket
service
This integration remains valid in this scenario However
given the fact that the PSP is not common for all participants
the EJP must either
a Not allow combining services from multiple Land
Registers as it will not be possible to make a single
payment for them
b Evaluate on a case by case basis which services may be
combined together
Approach (b) may work in cases where two (or more) Land
Registers share the same PSP and if it supports splitting
payments received to multiple recipients
Shopping Basket This service remains in place in this scenario It must be
noted however that the Shopping Basket implementation
chosen to be deployed will have to be possible to integrate
with the PSP employed by Land Registers
Product
Management
This service is expected to be provided by the LR PSP
127 279
Name Documentation
Payment
Services Platform
Even though the concept of the Payment Services Platform
does not seem to be valid in this scenario in reality it still
represents a set of services relevant to payments however
instead of employing one central platform the proposed
solution places the existing PSP in this role
In practice this means that one PSP can be used for one (or
more) Land Register
Order clearance This service is provided by the Land Register PSP It must be
noted that any graphical user interfaces provided by this
service must be either in the end userrsquos language or in
English
Accounting This service may be provided by the Land Register PSP or by
the Land Register itself
Payment
execution
This service is provided by the Land Register PSP
Payment
clearance
This concept remains the same in this solution However its
technical characteristics are determined by the lsquoBusiness
Payment Servicesrsquo collaboration
Business
payment services
This concept remains the same in this scenario However
instead of the EJP directly communicating with the PSP in
order to clear a payment made by an end user in this scenario
it is expected that the EJP forwards the end user to the LR
which subsequently passes the end user to its PSP of choice
The end user then makes all actions necessary so as to pay for
the services he has chosen and the payment clearance is
returned by the PSP to the Land Register Finally the Land
Register communicates with the EJP notifying it that the end
user payment has been successfully cleared
Table 16 Mapping key concepts to solution 1
3422 Solution 2 Mutual-trust model
34221 Description
This approach is currently employed in various forms by some of the participating
Member States and is similar to the service offered in the EULIS platform although this
does not provide a payment system in itself but rather an accounting system facilitating
payments
In essence an end user will have to establish an account with a competent authority
Subsequently the user may
d Pay a monthly fee which allows him unlimited LRI access
e Pre-pay an amount which is used as credit for LRI consultations
f Pay nothing upfront but receive periodic bill for LRI consultations he has
performed
128 279
These operation modes are available to LRI users according to the capabilities offered by
the competent authority with which they establish their account ie it may be the case that
a given authority supports more than one operation mode
Furthermore when an end user submits a query to a Land Register the recipient is able to
determine the competent authority to be billed using as input an identification token that
unequivocally binds the end user submitting the query to a competent authority
At a later time the Land Register issues an invoice to the competent authority which
details the services billed over a period of time this invoice may include various details
(such as type of queries type of responses provided etc) as well as information necessary
for the identification of end users that have consulted the LRI service during the billing
period At this point the competent authority reimburses the costs of service use to the
Land Register
It must be noted that due to the nature of this model it may be the case that the Payment
Services Platform employed which essentially becomes an accounting platform as the
payment element is removed may have to be custom-built since finding a service provider
for such a specialised set-up can prove to be difficult
34222 Mapping to logical solution
Name Documentation
Shopping basket
service
This integration remains valid in this scenario
Shopping Basket In this scenario and given the fact that no direct payments
are required by end users the shopping basket services is
only used for the purpose of collecting the services chosen by
the end user which are subsequently stored and processed in
Accounting
Product
Management
This service is expected to be provided by the Payment
Services Platform
Payment
Services Platform
In this scenario the Payment Services Platform works as an
e-commerce platform providing supportive services to LRI
participants without however implementing actual monetary
transactions between them
In practice it facilitates accounting reporting and product
management and allows end users to create collections of
services without actually imposing payments
It must be noted that it is not up to the Payment Services
Platform to facilitate the transfer of the identification tokens
required so that Land Registers can determine the competent
authority to be billed This process is expected to be
implemented by the Identification service module of the LRI
architecture
Order clearance This service is not required in this scenario
Accounting This service is expected to be provided by the Payment
129 279
Name Documentation
Services Platform In this solution this service module is
responsible for keeping a record of all transactions recorded
between users of a given competent authority and Land
Register Subsequently its reporting capabilities are used to
create the invoices required so that payment of services can
take place
Payment
execution
This service is not required in this scenario Any payments
made between Land Registers and competent authorities are
expected to be carried out via other means (eg using bank
accounts and payment instruments that are not in the scope of
the LRI Payments system) and according to the invoices
generated by the Account service module
Payment
clearance
This service is not required in this scenario
Business
payment services
This collaboration is not required in this scenario
Table 17 Mapping key concepts to solution 2
3423 Solution 3 Central payment services provider
34231 Description
A centralised Payment Services Provider (PSP) simplifies complex transactions and on-
line payment management as it allows the automatic management of multiple accounts
(Land Registers end users other stakeholders) in real time using a common process It
allows the processing of high and medium volume collections payments and balances
with complete transparency
In essence the solution foresees that the Payment Services Platform depicted in the logical
solution design is to be provided by a PSP In accordance to the descriptions provided in
section lsquoTypes of payment service providersrsquo the type of PSP to be employed is an
Aggregator providing a complete turn-key solution for all LRI participants Thus the
services offered may include facilities that support the required payment instruments
provide payment clearance reporting and accounting according to standard accounting
practices
From a set-up point of view this solution is by far the simplest since its establishment
does not require LRI participants to take specific actions or manage contractual
arrangements on their own Indeed in this scenario the European Commission would have
to establish a contractual agreement with a PSP and subsequently collect necessary
information from LRI participants for the establishment of a payment process Land
Register representatives may be given direct access to the reporting facilities provided by
the PSP or it may be the case that certain reports are delivered automatically to them in
pre-defined time periods
130 279
For example the issue of paying multiple recipients at the same time can be solved using a
PSP in the following way
a The end user is presented with an invoice to be paid and a selection of payment
options However the invoice is composed of information provided by multiple
Land Registers
b The end-user decides which payment option to use and subsequently makes the
payment for the information he wishes to receive
c The money paid by the end-user is initially transferred into a single bank account
belonging to the PSP At this point the PSP notifies the EJP that the payment has
been successfully cleared and thus the end user can have access to the services
requested
d At a later time the PSP breaks down the amount received into small transactions to
each Land Register according to the price requested by them for the services
requested
e In a pre-determined time frame (eg once per month) the Land Registers receive
payment for the services they provide
Some important details should be noted here
a It is expected that payments for services may occur periodically however it may
be the case that the PSP can offer flexible configurations per recipient (eg some
Land Register may require payment for services once per month whereas others
once per week)
b Given the fact that the service is provided by an external entity it is understood
that a cost element is attached to it This cost element may be translated to a certain
commission per transaction for example as a percentage in monthly payments
c The PSP provides a wide set of payment instruments as well as graphical user
interfaces in the native language of the end user
34232 Mapping to logical solution
No particular mapping is required for this solution This is due to the fact that the logical
solution proposed earlier in this document is based on standard approaches for designing
e-marketplace solutions such designs are established around the capabilities provided by
PSP and leverage them in order to deliver their expected result Thus since in this solution
the Payment Services Platform is undertaken by a PSP the services depicted in the logical
design (eg Shopping Basket Payments Clearance Account etc) are expected to be
provided by it However it must be noted that LRI participants will still have to integrate
the Product Management service module of the PSP via the Payments service module of
the LRI peer in order to automate the process of managing offered services
In addition Land Register users can access the accounting and reporting facilities
provided by the PSP in order to retrieve information relevant to transactions already
performed
131 279
3424 Strengths and weaknesses of the proposed solutions
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
Solution 1
Usage of existing
payment systems
Re-use of existing assets
One of the most important
benefits of this solution is the
fact that it is based on
existing set-ups that Land
Registers in some Member
States have with PSP Thus
existing implementations
may be re-used lessons
learned leveraged and
potentially shared among
participants
High Complexity The most
important drawback of this
solution is the set-up and
maintenance complexity
Indeed the use of multiple
PSP will require substantial
organisation and
implementation effort on the
side of the Common
Communication Protocol
Furthermore evolutions of the
LRI that may involve
payments will also be
affected by the high level of
complexity of this solution
as any potential change will
have to be discussed and
agreed upon not only with
the Land Registers but also
with the PSP involved in the
project
Non-compliance At least
one requirement (SR-005) is
not possible to be
implemented by this
solution
User unfriendliness The
fact that users must pay
separately for each Land
Register using a different
payment solution (which
may not be available in their
native language) makes this
solution very unfriendly for
users interested in consulting
more than one Land
Register
Solution 2
Mutual-trust
model
Small footprint A basic
advantage of this solution is
that it does not necessarily
require an external service
provider in order to be
implemented Indeed most
of the facilities required for
its proper realisation can
Difficult to implement in
practice A basic factor that
can enable this solution is to
identify competent
authorities that are capable to
undertake the task of
identifying users and
eventually accept to be billed
132 279
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
either be custom built or
existing implementations
(such as the one employed by
ES or the EULIS platform)
may be expanded so as to
cater for the additional
requirements
Flexibility for services
provided This approach
allows Land Registers to
make per case agreements
with competent authorities
This aspect when combined
with the fact that a competent
authority in the context of
payments may be combined
with competent authorities
offering end user
identification (as foreseen in
the lsquoArchitecture Overviewrsquo)
may allow specific service
agreements depending on the
nature of the authority or the
end user
Identification flexibility
Given the fact that the term
lsquocompetent authorityrsquo simply
denotes a specific role in this
solution it may be possible
that it can be undertaken by
any authority regardless of
its connection with the end
users registered with it For
example assuming that a
Land Register is willing to
undertake the role of this
lsquocompetent authorityrsquo it may
be the case that it is willing
to facilitate end users from
multiple Member States or
professional capacities
for the services these users
receive by Land Registers
This weakness has been
confirmed also by the
findings of the Business
Analysis where it has been
identified that not all Land
Registers can be tasked with
the identification of end
users
Moreover even if an entity is
indeed capable of identifying
end users it is not certain
that it will be within its
mandate to handle monetary
transactions
Custom solution Another
weakness of this solution
stems from its nature As
already explained it may be
hard to find a service
provider that can support the
operating model of this
service thus necessitating
the development of various
custom software components
that will be used for its
realisation
Implementing such a custom
solution is estimated to be
very resource-consuming
and due to the high
sensitivity of any errors in
the financial domain highly
problematic in real use until
all software problems are
eliminated and the solution
works correctly
Solution 3
Central Payment
Services Provider
Full payments
functionality This solution
represents the best possible
approach as it offers a fully
centralised system that can be
used for processing payments
Cost element The main
weakness of this solution is
the fact that Payment Service
Provider will require
compensation for the service
offered This compensation
133 279
Alternative Strengths Weaknesses
of any kind
Potential for re-use
Another benefit of this
solution is that it may be
easily re-used for other
projects of the European
Commission that require
similar services
Fully conformant with
requirements This solution
is by definition fully
compliant with the
requirements established in
lsquoSolution significant
requirementsrsquo It can support
a variety of languages
conform to any relevant
standards or legal
frameworks and facilitate
multi-way payments to Land
Registers and support
transactions done in different
currencies
may materialise as a standard
cost (eg a yearly fee) as a
commission in each
transaction or as a percentage
once funds are transferred to
Land Registers as done by
all of the Payment Service
Providers
Table 18 Strengths and weaknesses comparison
134 279
4 Annexes
41 List of national land registers and their organisation
This section lists registers containing land information for purposes such as juridical
regulatory fiscal or merely informational The term lsquoland registerrsquo is used in its broadest
meaning for so a primary goal of this list is to indicate for each Member State exactly
which national register(s) contains land information and which of them are candidates for
the interconnection (even if a Member State has multiple such relevant registers it may be
that the data is already aggregated by one of them at the national level and then it is
preferable to only interconnect with that one) The list below indicates also land registers
responsible authorities the level of digitisation and on-line presence
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
Grundbuch
(Land book
land register)
Ministry of
Justice
100 Yes Cadastre and
register Land Book
together form a
national
information system
which shows real
estate data in an up-
to-date form
Cadastre BEV-
Federal
Office for
Metrology
and
Surveying
100 Yes
Address register Statistics
Austria
100 Yes
Land register Land
Registrar and
General
Administrati
on of
Patrimonial
Documentati
on
50 Yes The cadastral
identification of the
parcel of land is
widely used as
starting-point to
obtain relevant
information
concerning the land
(eg planning
information public
servitudes hellip)
Cadastre General
Administrati
on of
Patrimonial
Documentati
on
100 Yes
Property register Registry
Agency
100
(since
2009)
Yes Both Land and
Cadastre registers
provide on line
services and none
of them is used as
135 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
lsquofrontndashendrsquo for
obtaining or
consolidating
information from
other registers
Cadastre register Geodesy
Cartography
and Cadastre
Agency
NA Yes
Land Register amp
Cadastre within
the Cyprus
Integrated Land
Information
System (CILIS)
Department
of Lands and
Surveys of
Cyprus
(DLS)
100 No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
ISKN -
Information
system of the
cadastre of real
estate
CUZK 100 Yes NA
RUacuteIAN -
Registry of the
Territorial
Identification
Addresses and
Real Estate
CUZK NA Yes
Land registry Implemented
by the 16
Laumlnder of
Germany
The Local
Courts are
responsible
for the real
estate within
their area
100 Yes Ownership-related
data available to
authorised users
only
Cadastre map only
publicly available
Real estate
cadastre
Implemented
by the
competent
authorities of
the 16
Laumlnder of
Germany
100 Yes
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The Digitised
Land Register)
Tinglysnings
retten
100 Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
Land register Land
Registry
100 Yes Not applicable -
Land register and
136 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
Departments
of County
Courts
land cadastre
exchange
information
electronically so
land register gets all
necessary cadastre
information
electronically
directly from land
cadastre
Land cadastre Estonian
Land Board
100 Yes
Regional Land
Registry Offices
Ministry of
Justice
100
(since
2000)
No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
National
Cadastre and
Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA SA)
Ministry of
Environment
Energy and
Climate
Change
39 Yes
Land Registry
(provides on-
line access to
data from
around 1000
Land Registers)
Colegio de
Registradore
s de Espantildea
100 (in
2015)
No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
Spanish
Directorate for
Cadastre
(responsible for
95 of the
Spanish
territory)
Spanish
Directorate
for Cadastre
100 Yes
Other 4
cadastral
organisations
responsible for
5 of the
Spanish
territory
Servicio de
Riqueza
Territorial de
Navarra
Catastro de
Aacutelava
Catastro de
Guipuacutezcoa
NA NA NA
137 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
Catastro de
Vizcaya
Land Register
called lainhuuto-
ja
kiinnitysrekisteri
in Finnish
National
Land Survey
of Finland
100 Yes The National Land
Information System
functions as a front-
end providing data
both from Land
Register and
Cadastre as
together they make
up the National
Land Information
System
Cadastre National
Land Survey
of Finland
100 Yes
National Land
Information
System
National
Land Survey
of Finland
100 Yes
Purchase price
register
National
Land Survey
of Finland
NA No
The land
registration in
France is strictly
ruled by the civil
law but there is
no national and
unique register
As a matter of
fact the land
registration in
France is split in
355 local
registers known
as lsquoservices de la
publiciteacute
fonciegraverersquo
Thus for
each town a
property
register is
managed by
the local land
registration
service
100 No No on-line
interconnection
possible
Interconnection
could be technically
based on
asynchronous
requests response
to an agreed query
form
FIDJI (made for
both
justiceproperty
security and
fiscal needs) is
an application
for providing
consulting
access to
transactions
DGFI
(Ministry of
Finance)
No data
stored
centrally
Deeds is
stored in
each of the
354 lsquoservice
100 No The DGFI
processes 6 million
requests yearly
Asynchronous
connection (based
on an agreed form)
is technically
possible but
depending on a
political decision
138 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
(from the 354
local registers)
but access is
reserved to the
administration
Parcels are
identified by
cadastral
number
de publiciteacute
fonciegraverersquo
MAJIC
(cadastre file for
fiscal purpose)
maintains
departmental
files
DGFI
(Ministry of
Finance)
No data
stored
centrally
Data is
stored in
each of the
93 relevant
departments
100 No See above (both
applications FIDJI
amp MAGIC are used
to address the
6000000
requests)
Hyposcan file
provides access
to scanned acts
(only as from
2004)
DGFI
(Ministry of
Finance)
100 as
from
2004
No No the application
provides scanned
images of deeds
only
AMALFI
(AlsaceMoselle
only)
3 departments
(out of 101)
Ministry of
Justice
100 Yes Yes no specific
authentication is
needed for
lsquoImmeublesrsquo
inqueries
For Persons and
Annexes inquiries
SPDC (Serveur
Professionnel de
Donneacutees
Cadastrales)
This is not a
register but a
server providing
access to a
subset of data
covered by the
MAJIC
application
(cadaster)
DGFI
(Ministry of
Finance)
100
(limited
cadastral
subset)
Yes No
This is the only
lsquoOn-Linersquo access
but it is reserved to
the lsquoregistered
officesrsquo of French
notaries and
geometers
It provides only
access based on
some criteria
- knowing the
location
(commune)hellip
- the cadastral
reference
- the name of the
139 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
owner
- The document
number (document
drsquoarpentage)
Land Registry Municipal
courts
NA Yes Not applicable - all
land registry data is
currently available
to all on the
internet
Cadastre State
Geodetic
Administrati
on
NA Yes
Unified Land
Registry System
(cadastre and the
legal registry)
Institutional
network in
hierarchy
1 Ministry
of Rural
Development
Dept of
Land
Administrati
on and
Geoinformati
on
2 Institute of
Geodesy
Cartography
and Remote
Sensing
(background
institute of
the Ministry)
3 county
land offices
(20)
4 district
land offices
(119)
100 Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
National Land
Register
Property
Registration
Authority
88 Yes There is only one
land register in
Ireland operated by
the Land Registry Registration of
Deeds
Property
Registration
Authority
100
(since
1970)
Yes
Land registers Agenzia
delle Entrate
100
(since
end of
lsquo90s)
Yes Data included in the
databases of
Agenzia delle
Entrate is available
on-line for
authorised users
but the Agency
140 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
cannot be used as
an interface for
information
managed by Land
book services due
to institutional
jurisdiction
constraints
Cadastre Agenzia
delle Entrate
100 Yes
Land book Servizio del
Libro
Fondiario
della
provincia di
Trento
See
section
4816
Yes
Land book Catasto
Tavolare
Regione
Friuli
Venezia
Giulia
NA No
Land book Provincia
Autonoma di
Bolzano
Alto Adige-
Ripartizione
Libro
fondiario
NA No
Land book Ufficio
Tavolare
Cortina
drsquoAmpezzo
NA No
Real Property
Register
State
Enterprise
Centre of
Registers
Ministry of
Justice of the
Republic of
Lithuania
100 Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
3 Bureaux des
Hypothegraveques
Administrati
on de
lrsquoEnregistre
ment
100 No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
National Real
Estate Cadastre
Information
System
The State
Land Service
100 Yes Cadastre can be
used as lsquofront-endrsquo
but there must be
further discussion
141 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
about which
relevant data is
needed
State Address
Register
The State
Land Service
100 Yes
State Unified
Computerised
Land Registry
Court
Administrati
on
100 Yes
Land Register Land
Registry
Land and
Public
Registry
Department
100 No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
Land Registers
and registers for
ships and planes
Cadastre
Public
Registers and
Mapping
Agency
100 Yes NL is in the process
of combining data
from several public
services in a
service called
Publieke
Dienstverlening op
de Kaart (lsquoPublic
Service on the
Maprsquo) Any user
will be thus enabled
to view and
combine all sort of
geographical
information by
using built-in
layers
Base
Registration of
Cadastre
Cadastre
Public
Registers and
Mapping
Agency
100 Yes
National base
registry of
topographic
maps
Cadastre
Public
Registers and
Mapping
Agency
100 Yes
National base
registry of large
scale maps
Cadastre
Public
Registers and
Mapping
Agency
100 Yes
National register
of public
limitation on
Cadastre
Public
Registers and
100 Yes
142 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
parcels Mapping
Agency amp
Municipalitie
s (so-called
lsquodual
systemrsquo)
New Land Book District
Courts
Ministry of
Justice ndash
Department
of
Informatisati
on of
Common
Courts
95 Yes Not applicable - all
land registry data is
currently available
to all on the
internet
Cadastre Powiat
Offices (local
government
Ministry of
Administrati
on and
Digitization
NA NA
National Land
Registry
Institute of
Registries
and Notaries
100 Yes If it becomes
advisable to have
only one of them as
lsquofront-endrsquo to
obtain consolidated
information from
other registries as
land registry has
originally more
information and is
the only registry
with legal value
which aims to
promote the
security of the
trade this front end
could easily be the
land registry
Tax Id of the
property
Tax
administratio
n
100 Yes
Cadastre Instituto
Geograacutefico
Portuguecircs
(IGP)
Unknown Yes
Register of National NA Yes NA
143 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
applications for
land registry
excerpts and
notarial deeds
(land books)
Agency for
Cadastre and
Land
Registration
GEOPORTAL
(Cadastre)
National
Agency for
Cadastre and
Land
Registration
NA Yes
Real property
register
(consist of both
cadastre and
land register)
Lantmaumlteriet 100 Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
The electronic
Land Register
(eZK)
Center for
Informatics
at the
Supreme
Court of the
Republic of
Slovenia
100
(since
010520
11)
Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
ISKN ndash Land
Registry
Information
System
UacuteGKK SR ndash
(Geodesy
Cartography
and Cadastre
Authority of
the Slovak
Republic) -
methodologi
cal
management
of ISKN
MV SR
(Ministry of
Interior) -
District
Office
Cadastral
Department -
administratio
n and
maintenance
of ISKN
90 Yes Not applicable ndash
only one system
Engla
nd a
nd
Wal
es
Register
of title
Land
Registry
83 Yes Not applicable - all
land registry data is
currently available
to all on the
internet
144 279
MS Register Responsible
organisation
Level of
digit
On-line Interconnection
candidate
Register
of
cautions
against
first
registratio
n
Land
Registry
100 Yes
Land
Charges
Registers
(relate to
unregister
ed land)
Land
Registry
100 Yes
Register
of
Agricultur
al
Charges
Land
Registry
0 No Not applicable ndash
off-line system
Nort
her
n I
rela
nd
Land
Registry
Northern
Ireland
Department
of Finance
Land amp
Property
Services
(LPS)
100 Yes Landweb - the
electronic system
used for Land
Registry Registry
of Deeds and
Statutory Charges
Registry
of Deeds
Department
of Finance
Land amp
Property
Services
(LPS)
100
(since
1990)
Yes
Statutory
Charges
Register
Department
of Finance
Land amp
Property
Services
(LPS)
100 Yes
Sco
tlan
d
Land
Register
Registers of
Scotland
57 Yes Not applicable - all
land registry data is
currently available
to all on the
internet
General
Register
of Sasines
Registers of
Scotland
NA41
Yes
Crofting
Register
Registers of
Scotland
1 Yes
Table 19 List of National land registers
41 It is planned to close the General Register of Sasines at a future date
145 279
42 Title vs deed systems
Some Member States use a title system while others use a deeds system below table
indicates the system used by each Member State
MS Title Deeds Remarks
Yes Yes Title system register of title by parcel identifier
Reference is made to the respective deed whose copy
is stored in the Judicial Archive since 2006 older
documents can be inspected in paper form at the
specific District Court
Yes Deeds system
Yes Yes Both titles and deeds are registered
Yes Title system
Yes Title system
Yes Title system The deeds related to the entries are kept
in special files in German terms lsquoGrundaktenrsquo
Yes Yes A system of deeds mortgage deeds and other rights
and other financial circumstances
Yes Yes Title system Deeds are stored too
Yes Yes Approximately 6-7 of the countryrsquos areas (or
~20 of the registrable real property rights) is
covered by a newly developed and fully operational
cadastral system That system incorporates both
cadastre and land register which is title system
For the remaining of the country there is a deed
Registry System (in an analogue form) that registers
all deeds associated to land transactions and is
independent of the cadastre As the development of
the cadastral system continues the Deeds Registry
System will be phased-out (100 by the year 2020)
and its functions will be incorporated in the cadastre
Yes Title system
Yes Yes Title system A copy of the deeds document is saved
in electronic form too
No
(except
Alsace
Moselle)
Yes Deeds are kept in the 354 lsquoservices de publiciteacute
fonciegraverersquo (there are several services per French
department corresponding to the historic
lsquoarrondissementsrsquo)
Yes (in
Alsace
Moselle)
No The Alsace region includes the two departments of
Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin Moselle is a third
department This area is still regulated by German law
principles as the Land Register was implemented
under Prussian domination between 1871 and 1918
Yes Title system is applicable Titles are registered on the
basis of deeds that must be according to a stipulated
form
Yes Title system
146 279
MS Title Deeds Remarks
Yes Yes Predominantly a title system with approximately 93
of land registered and 88 of titles
Yes Yes In Provincia Autonoma of Trento there is a title
registration system
Deeds registration system is present in the remaining
parts of Italy
Yes Yes Mixed system - title and deed registration
Yes Deeds system
Yes Title system
Yes Yes Both titles and deeds are registered
Titles to land are registered following applications
for registration and in accordance to the legal title
under which property was acquired In the majority of
cases property is acquired by means of a public deed
published by a Notary Public
Yes Deeds system with third party protection
Yes Title system
Yes Title system
Yes Deeds system
Yes Yes Title system Deeds are stored too
Yes The system is based on an electronic land registry
which requires submission of appropriate deeds
(original contracts declarations etc) for entries and
changes
Yes Title system
Yes Yes England and Wales Title system Deeds are stored
too
Yes Yes Northern Ireland There are both the Land
Registration and the Registry of Deeds Systems
Yes Yes Scotland There are two methods of
registeringrecording rights in property in Scotland
Namely recording of deeds in the General Register of
Sasines or Registering an interest in land or property
in the Land Register The General Register of Sasines
is gradually being phased out with the majority of
titles now being registered in the Land Register The
Land Register is a title based system and once an
interest in land has been registered in the Land
Register title flows not from a progress of title deeds
but from the register itself
Table 20 Titles and deeds systems
147 279
43 Summary of data analysis
148 279
149 279
150 279
151 279
Figure 27 Summary of data analysis
152 279
44 Detailed comparison tables
That section describes in the form of comparison tables the nature and structure of the
basic data that exists in the various national registers along with supported search criteria
Only minimal initial subset of land information was taken into considerations
Parcel address or location
Parcel ID
Parcel geographic coordinates
Parcel owner
Land register map - graphic information
Known encumbrances mortgages etc
Purchase price
441 Parcel address and ID
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
Grundbuch
(Land book
land register)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes
Address
register
Yes Yes Yes No
Land register Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes
Property
register
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Cadastre
register
Yes NA Yes NA
Land Register
amp Cadastre
within the
Cyprus
Integrated Land
Information
System (CILIS)
Yes No Yes Yes
ISKN -
Information
system of the
cadastre of real
estate
No No Yes Yes
RUacuteIAN -
Registry of the
Territorial
Identification
Addresses and
Real Estate
Yes Yes No No
Land registry Yes NA Yes NA
153 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
Real estate
cadastre
Yes NA Yes NA
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The Digitised
Land Register)
Yes
(partly)
Yes Yes Yes Search by parcel
ID possible only
with logon by
Danish digital
signature
Land register Yes Yes Yes NA
Land cadastre Yes Yes Yes NA lsquoParcel IDrsquo is a
cadastral code
Regional Land
Registry
Offices
Yes No No No lsquoParcel IDrsquo is a
unique cadastral
number (KAEK) is
attributed to each
property in the
cadastral database
National
Cadastre and
Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA SA)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Land Registry
(provides on-
line access to
data from
around 1000
Land Registers)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Description will
include origin
location (address)
and boundaries of
registered
properties and the
area measurement
(Surface in square
meters) land use
the administrative
system that may
affect it (eg
whether it is
subsidised
housing)
optionally other
physical features
might be registered
as well
If the parcel
contains a family
home this fact is
also registered as
family homes have
special protection
rules for selling
and mortgaging
but other data such
154 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
as the domicile or
the price are not
given generally in
excerpts due to
data protection
rules
Every registered
parcel is identified
with a different
number in each
municipality of
each registry That
is called the
property number
In addition there is
the IDUFIR which
is a unique number
that identifies each
single property in
the whole Spanish
registry system
Both numbers will
never change for
the same piece of
land
In addition
cadastral reference
can also be taken
into account to help
identifying the
property All
modern properties
have cadastral
reference when the
parties and the
registrar agree that
the cadastral parcel
can be identified as
the plot or
property
Spanish
Directorate for
Cadastre
(responsible for
95 of the
Spanish
territory)
Yes Yes Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo - only
the cadastral
reference No
IDUFIR or the plot
registry number
that are provided
by the land
registry which
due to his current
155 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
cooperation and
interconnection
with the cadastre
can provide the
cadastre parcel ID
National Land
Information
System
Yes Yes Yes Yes
FIDJI No No Yes Yes This is the
cadastral parcel
number (the same
that is used as key
for searching
MAJIC)
MAJIC Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hyposcan No No No No The references of
the scanned act are
the unique keys
AMALFI Yes Yes Yes Yes
Land Registry Yes No Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo is
property
identification
number
Cadastre Yes No Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo is
cadastral parcel
number
Unified Land
Registry
System
(cadastre and
the legal
registry)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
National Land
Register
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Registration of
Deeds
Yes Yes No No
Land registers Yes No Yes Yes lsquoParcel addressrsquo ndash
for rural parcels
the place name
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes Address search
possible for
buildings cadastre
only
Libro Fondiario
della provincia
di Trento
No No Yes Yes
Real Property
Register
Yes Yes Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo
includes cadastral
156 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
ndeg of land parcel
and its unique
number Also
unique ndeg of
structures
apartments in
multi-apartment
houses and
premises form as
separate real
property objects
3 Bureaux des
Hypothegraveques
Yes No Yes No
National Real
Estate Cadastre
Information
System
Yes Yes Yes Yes Information about
addresses comes
from State Address
Register
State Address
Register
Yes Yes No No Information about
address is
synchronised with
Cadastre
Information
System
State Unified
Computerised
Land Registry
Yes Yes NA Yes
Land Register Yes NA Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo -
property registered
is given a unique
number which is
generated
electronically
Kadaster-on-
Line
(webservice)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
New Land
Book
Yes No Yes Yes lsquoParcel IDrsquo is
interpreted here as
land book ID
Cadastre NA NA NA NA
National Land
Registry
Yes No Yes Yes The land registry
has the property
location As
mentioned above
the cadastre does
not cover all the
territory so in PT it
is more accurate to
speak about
properties or plots
157 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
than of parcels
Each land property
has an id number in
the land registry It
also has a tax
number issued by
the tax
administration or
the cadastre (in the
areas where it
exists) The tax
number is
mentioned in the
land registry
description
Tax Id of the
property
Yes No Yes Yes Parcel ID is Tax or
cadastre number
Search on address
is currently not
available on-line
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes Parcel ID is Tax or
cadastre number
Register of
applications for
land registry
excerpts and
notarial deeds
(land books)
Yes No Yes Yes Parcel address not
always present
Searches on land
book ndeg
topographical ndeg
cadastral ndeg
Real property
register
(consist of both
cadastre and
land register)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
The electronic
Land Register
(eZK)
No No Yes Yes
ISKN ndash Land
Registry
Information
System
No No Yes Yes No address point
Engla
nd a
nd W
ales
Register
of title
Yes Yes Yes Yes The property
register for each
individual title
contains a
description of the
land which may be
the postal address
if there is one
Where known the
158 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
property register
includes details of
the inclusion or
exclusion of mines
and minerals in or
from the
registration and
easements rights
and privileges that
benefits the estate
The description is
by reference to a
plan which is part
of the register
If the property is
leasehold details
of the lease will be
noted
A registered
rentcharge
franchise or profit a
prendre in gross
must if the estate
was created by a
deed also contain
details of the deed
If the exact line of
a boundary has
been determined in
accordance with
statutory provisions
(this is not usual ndash
see item 4 below)
that will be noted
in the register and
shown on the title
plan
Parcel ID known as
title ndeg
Search on parcel
address is possible
when known
Register
of
cautions
against
first
registrati
on
NA Yes NA Yes
159 279
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
Land
Charges
Register
s
(relate to
unregist
ered
land)
NA No NA No
No
rther
n I
rela
nd
Land
Registry
Norther
n Ireland
Yes Yes Yes No lsquoParcel addressrsquo is
sometimes
included but not
always ndash
depending on
whether this is a
dwelling or
commercial
property or just
vacant land Parcel
ID search not
possible unless it is
a folio ndeg
Registry
of Deeds
Yes Yes NA No
Statutor
y
Charges
Register
NA Yes No No
Sco
tlan
d
Land
Register
Yes Yes NA Yes
General
Register
of
Sasines
Yes Yes NA Yes
Crofting
Register
Yes Yes Yes Yes lsquoParcel addressrsquo is
sometimes
included but not
always ndash depends
on whether this is a
dwelling or
commercial
property or just
vacant land Parcel
ID search not
possible unless it is
a folio ndeg
Table 21 Parcel address and ID
160 279
442 Property coordinates and map
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
Grundbuch
(Land book
land register)
No No Yes Yes
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes
Address
register
No No No No
Land register No No No No
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes
Property
register
No No No No
Cadastre
register
Yes NA Yes Yes
Land
Register amp
Cadastre
within the
Cyprus
Integrated
Land
Information
System
(CILIS)
No No Yes Yes
(2016)
ISKN -
Information
system of
the cadastre
of real estate
Yes NA Yes Yes
RUacuteIAN -
Registry of
the
Territorial
Identificatio
n Addresses
and Real
Estate
No No NA Yes
Land
registry
Yes NA Yes NA
Real estate
cadastre
No No No No
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The
Digitised
Land
Register)
No No No No
Land register No No No No
161 279
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
Land
cadastre
Yes NA Yes Yes
Regional
Land
Registry
Offices
No No No No
National
Cadastre and
Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA
SA)
Yes No Yes No
Land
Registry
(provides
on-line
access to
data from
around 1000
Land
Registers)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Property coordinates
are only given when
graphical information
is added to the
literature description
of the parcel The
system gives the
coordinates of the
central point of the
parcel in order to
facilitate
geolocalisation
Almost all modern
properties are
associated to the
literature description
and graphical
information The
graphical information
is provided by the
land registry and is
normally based on
the mapping of the
cadastre but it can
also be based on the
mapping of
geographical
institutes
Spanish
Directorate
for Cadastre
(responsible
for 95 of
the Spanish
territory)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
National
Land
Yes Yes Yes Yes
162 279
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
Information
System
FIDJI No No No No Except via the
cadastral reference
MAJIC No No No No Except via the
cadastral reference
AMALFI Yes Yes No No
Land
Registry
No No No No
Cadastre No No No No
Unified
Land
Registry
System
(cadastre and
the legal
registry)
Yes No Yes No Cadastral map legal
parcel boundaries
administrative
boundaries parcel
number buildings
and other
constructions street
name and address
agricultural land use
cultivation and other
attributes according
to law
National
Land
Register
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Registration
of Deeds
No No No No
Land
registers
No No No No Boundaries are
specified in the deed
Cadastre Yes No Yes No Users can get parcel
coordinates by
submitting a special
request
Libro
Fondiario
della
provincia di
Trento
No No No No
Real
Property
Register
Yes Yes Yes Yes
3 Bureaux
des
Hypothegraveques
Yes No Yes No
National
Real Estate
Cadastre
Information
Yes Yes Yes Yes
163 279
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
System
State
Address
Register
No No Yes Yes
State Unified
Computerise
d
Land
Registry
No No No No
Land
Register
No No Yes Yes
Kadaster-on-
Line
(webservice)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
New Land
Book
No No Yes No
Cadastre NA NA NA NA
National
Land
Registry
No No No No
Tax Id of the
property
Yes No Yes No Searches only on the
part of the country
subject to Cadastre
Cadastre Yes Yes Yes Yes Only owners can
search based on their
own personal data
Register of
applications
for land
registry
excerpts and
notarial
deeds (land
books)
Yes Yes Yes NA Searches on land
book ndeg
topographical ndeg
cadastral ndeg
Real
property
register
(consist of
both cadastre
and land
register)
Yes Yes Yes Yes Searches on Central
point(s) (property
coordinates)
cadastral Index Maps
(parcel ID)
The
electronic
Land
Register
(eZK)
No No No No
ISKN ndash
Land
Yes Yes Yes Yes
164 279
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
Registry
Information
System
Engla
nd a
nd W
ales
Regis
ter of
title
No No Yes Yes Property coordinates
Not included unless
the exact line of a
boundary has been
determined in
accordance with
statutory provisions
The determination
may be of just one of
the boundaries not
all of them See item
lsquoDetermination of
boundaryrsquo below
Map known as Title
Plan
Regis
ter of
cautio
ns
again
st
first
regist
ration
NA NA NA Yes
Land
Charg
es
Regis
ters
(relat
e to
unreg
istere
d
land)
NA NA NA No
Nort
her
n I
rela
nd
Land
Regis
try
North
ern
Irelan
d
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Regis
try of
Deed
s
No NA No No
165 279
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
Statut
ory
Charg
es
Regis
ter
Yes Yes Yes Yes Map search Using
sheet number and
entry S
cotl
and
Land
Regis
ter
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Gener
al
Regis
ter of
Sasin
es
No No NA Yes
Crofti
ng
Regis
ter
Yes No Yes Yes lsquoProperty
coordinatesrsquo off-line
search can be
requested
Table 22 Property coordinates and map
443 Owner
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search
Grundbuch (Land
book land
register)
Yes No
Cadastre Yes No
Address register No No
Land register Yes Yes
Cadastre Yes Yes
Property register Yes Yes
Cadastre register No No
Land Register amp
Cadastre within
the Cyprus
Integrated Land
Information
System (CILIS)
Yes Yes
ISKN -
Information
system of the
cadastre of real
estate
Yes Yes
RUacuteIAN - Registry
of the Territorial
No No
166 279
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search
Identification
Addresses and
Real Estate
Land registry Yes NA
Real estate
cadastre
Yes NA
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The Digitised
Land Register)
Yes Yes Search by owner name possible
only with logon by Danish
digitised signature
Land register Yes Yes Division called lsquoOwnerrsquo contains
information about owners (name
registrationidentification code)
and type of ownership in case of
joint or common ownership In
case of common ownership also
information about size of the
shares of co-owners
Land cadastre No No
Regional Land
Registry Offices
Yes Yes
National Cadastre
and Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA SA)
Yes Yes
Land Registry
(provides on-line
access to data
from around 1000
Land Registers)
Yes Yes If the owner is a natural person
name and surname address
identity card number and civil
status (single married or widow)
If the owner is married the
matrimonial economic regimen
and the status (joint tenancy or
private good) is registered If the
owner is a child the power of
representation of the parents or the
tutor has to be justified If the
conveyance is done by third
parties representation has also to
be justified
If the owner is any kind of
company social name address
tax identifier number and
constitution data including those
of registration in the business
registry Also the representatives
of the company who convey have
to justify the power of
representation or attorney
Spanish Yes Yes Always the one said to be the
167 279
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search
Directorate for
Cadastre
(responsible for
95 of the
Spanish territory)
owner by the cadastral base not
the legal owner which is only
provided by the land registry in
registered property as stated in
article 3 of the cadastre regulation
act
National Land
Information
System
No No
FIDJI Yes Yes You have to know the property
location first (commune)
MAJIC Yes Yes You have to know the property
location first
(departmentcommune)
AMALFI Yes Yes
Land Registry Yes No
Cadastre No No
Unified Land
Registry System
(cadastre and the
legal registry)
Yes Yes Contains name birth date and
ownerrsquos address
Search is possible only for certain
users in certain cases specified in
law as police in investigation
cases notaries in succession cases
etc
National Land
Register
Yes Yes
Registration of
Deeds
Yes Yes
Land registers Yes Yes
Cadastre Yes Yes
Libro Fondiario
della provincia di
Trento
Yes Yes
Real Property
Register
Yes Yes
3 Bureaux des
Hypothegraveques
Yes Yes
National Real
Estate Cadastre
Information
System
Yes Yes Information about owners comes
from Land Registry Only certain
persons can search the information
using person identification data ndash
contract and permission to work
with person identification data
required Current legislation does
not allow that to be performed by
institutions in other Member
States
State Address No No
168 279
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search
Register
State Unified
Computerised
Land Registry
Yes Yes Only certain persons can search
the information using person
identification data (police bailiffs
government officials and such)
Current legislation does not allow
that to be performed by institutions
in other Member States
Land Register Yes NA
Kadaster-on-Line
(webservice)
Yes Yes
New Land Book Yes No
Cadastre
National Land
Registry
Yes Yes The land registry host information
about each property owner
including his marital status name
of spouse address The land
registry also has information about
other right in rem It identifies the
usufructuary and the person
entitled to the use or fruition of the
immovable property among
others Search limited by data
privacy rights Not available on-
line
Tax Id of the
property
Yes No Tax administration documents
mention the responsible for tax
payment in general the owner but
with no legal value
Cadastre Yes No Tax administration documents
mention the responsible for tax
payment in general the owner but
with no legal value
Register of
applications for
land registry
excerpts and
notarial deeds
(land books)
Yes No
Real property
register
(consist of both
cadastre and land
register)
Yes Yes Search limited to registration
officers users
The electronic
Land Register
(eZK)
Yes No
ISKN ndash Land Yes Yes Search on trustee tenant
169 279
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search
Registry
Information
System
E
ngla
nd a
nd W
ales
Register of
title
Yes Yes If the registered proprietor is a
company or limited liability
partnership this will include the
company number as registered by
the Registrar of Companies The
proprietorship register will also
include up to three addresses for
service and other matters affecting
the proprietor in relation to the
land
If the registered proprietor is a
natural person only very limited
categories of people can search for
the name in the index of
proprietorsrsquo names
Register of
cautions
against first
registration
NA No
Land
Charges
Registers
(relate to
unregistered
land)
Yes Yes
Nort
her
n I
rela
nd
Land
Registry
Northern
Ireland
Yes Yes
Registry of
Deeds
Yes Yes
Statutory
Charges
Register
No No
Sco
tlan
d
Land
Register
Yes Yes
General
Register of
Sasines
Yes Yes
Crofting
Register
Yes NA
Table 23 Ownership
170 279
444 Known encumbrances
MS Register Known
encumbrances
Comments
Present Search
Grundbuch (Land
book land register)
Yes No
Cadastre No No
Address register No No
Land register Yes No
Cadastre No No
Property register Yes Yes
Cadastre register No No
Land Register amp
Cadastre within the
Cyprus Integrated
Land Information
System (CILIS)
Yes NA
ISKN -
Information system
of the cadastre of
real estate
Yes No
RUacuteIAN - Registry
of the Territorial
Identification
Addresses and Real
Estate
No No
Land registry Yes NA
Real estate cadastre No No
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The Digitised
Land Register)
Yes No
Land register Yes NA
Land cadastre No No
Regional Land
Registry Offices
Yes NA Available in both systems Namely
mortgages pre-notifications of
mortgages seizures judicial
orders prohibiting transfer
National Cadastre
and Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA SA)
Yes NA
Land Registry
(provides on-line
access to data from
around 1000 Land
Registers)
Yes Yes Mortgage obligation ensured
amount of mortgage with
distinction of guaranteed sums
(capital interest and costs)
deadline Spanish LR allows
syndicated mortgage credits and
lsquofloatablersquo mortgages ie one
171 279
MS Register Known
encumbrances
Comments
Present Search
mortgage for various present or
future loans
Legal mortgages have to be also
registered
These include charges sub-
charges leases and covenants to
which the land is subject and
notes of any statutory limitations
on the proprietorrsquos powers Those
charges are clearly identified with
their name time of constitution
limitations they produce and their
deadline
Spanish Directorate
for Cadastre
(responsible for
95 of the Spanish
territory)
No No
National Land
Information
System
Yes No Only land easements
FIDJI Yes Yes
AMALFI Yes Yes
Land Registry Yes No
Cadastre No No
Unified Land
Registry System
(cadastre and the
legal registry)
Yes No Mortgage easement restrictions
etc
National Land
Register
Yes No All encumbrances capable of
registration under Registration of
Title Acts such as mortgages
easements Certain rights effect
without registration and a
purchasermortgagee must make
appropriate lsquooff registerrsquo enquiries
Registration of
Deeds
No No
Land registers Yes Yes There is not a specific kind of
search to find out the
encumbrances only
With reference to a subject (X) it
is possible to search only the
inscription formalities
(mortgages) or all the formalities
lsquoagainstrsquo that subject thus
obtaining a document called
lsquosynthetic listrsquo and then finding out
172 279
MS Register Known
encumbrances
Comments
Present Search
the interesting formalities within
that list
Cadastre No No
Libro Fondiario
della provincia di
Trento
Yes No
Real Property
Register
Yes Yes The Real Property Register
contains a note on the mortgage
and seizure Full information on
mortgage is stored in the Mortgage
Register while full information on
seizure is stored in the Register of
Property Seizure Acts
3 Bureaux des
Hypothegraveques
No No
National Real
Estate Cadastre
Information
System
Yes No
State Address
Register
No No
State Unified
Computerised
Land Registry
No No
Land Register Yes Yes Search possible If and as indicated
on application for registration and
also on which title it is based
Kadaster-on-Line
(webservice)
Yes Yes
New Land Book Yes No
Cadastre NA NA
National Land
Registry
Yes No Mortgages and other
encumbrances are inscribed at the
land registry
Tax Id of the
property
No No
Cadastre No No
Register of
applications for
land registry
excerpts and
notarial deeds (land
books)
Yes NA
Real property
register
(consist of both
cadastre and land
Yes No
173 279
MS Register Known
encumbrances
Comments
Present Search
register)
The electronic
Land Register
(eZK)
Yes No
ISKN ndash Land
Registry
Information
System
Yes No
Engla
nd a
nd W
ales
Register of
title
Yes No
Register of
cautions
against first
registration
NA NA
Land
Charges
Registers
(relate to
unregistered
land)
NA NA
Nort
her
n I
rela
nd
Land
Registry
Northern
Ireland
Yes Yes Some burdens are shownsome
not
Registry of
Deeds
Yes Yes Sometimes are
providedsometimes not
Statutory
Charges
Register
No No
Sco
tlan
d
Land
Register
Yes Yes
General
Register of
Sasines
Yes NA Contained in list of deeds some
interpretation required
Crofting
Register
No No
Table 24 Known encumbrance
445 Purchase price
MS Register Purchase price Comments
Present Search
Grundbuch (Land
book land register)
Yes No Is part of the contract that
document is available on-line (pdf
format)
Cadastre No No
174 279
MS Register Purchase price Comments
Present Search
Address register No No
Land register Yes No
Cadastre No No
Property register Yes No The purchases price is not visible
on-line therefore itrsquos not a search
criteria
Cadastre register No No
Land Register amp
Cadastre within the
Cyprus Integrated
Land Information
System (CILIS)
Yes NA
ISKN -
Information system
of the cadastre of
real estate
No No In paper contracts only not on-
line
RUacuteIAN - Registry
of the Territorial
Identification
Addresses and Real
Estate
No No
Land registry No No Maintenance of transaction details
is a statutory task in Germany
(market transparency) information
is maintained in separate
databases not in cadastre or land
register
It is part of the files which are
kept by the Land Registry (in
German terms lsquoGrundaktenrsquo) The
data are also stored by the
municipalities department expert
committees (in German terms
lsquoGutachterausschussrsquo)
Real estate cadastre No No
Den Digitale
Tingbog
(The Digitised
Land Register)
Yes No
Land register Yes No Purchase price can be found from
the deed based on legitimate
interest
Land cadastre No No
Regional Land
Registry Offices
Yes No It is not an element of registration
however the relevant information
can be obtained since a copy of
the deed mentioning the price is
always needed and stored in the
175 279
MS Register Purchase price Comments
Present Search
Land Registries and Cadastral
Offices
National Cadastre
and Mapping
Agency SA
(NCMA SA)
Yes No
Land Registry
(provides on-line
access to data from
around 1000 Land
Registers)
Yes Yes The purchase price or the value set
by the parties in the deed is
registered when given However
due to data protection reasons it is
only given in an excerpt only
when specifically claimed under a
legitimate interest that will have to
be controlled by the registrar or
when required by a judge or a
public authority
Spanish Directorate
for Cadastre
(responsible for
95 of the Spanish
territory)
No No
National Land
Information
System
No No
FIDJI Yes Yes
AMALFI Yes No
Land Registry No No
Cadastre No No
Unified Land
Registry System
(cadastre and the
legal registry)
No No
National Land
Register
No No Data collected and stored by the
Authority but not shown on Land
Registry public register
Registration of
Deeds
No No
Land registers No No It is always specified in the deed
but its presence in the notation is
only possible because this
information is not compulsory for
land registers
Cadastre No No
Libro Fondiario
della provincia di
Trento
No No
Real Property
Register
Yes No
176 279
MS Register Purchase price Comments
Present Search
3 Bureaux des
Hypothegraveques
Yes No
National Real
Estate Cadastre
Information
System
Yes No Information about purchase price
comes from Land Registry
State Address
Register
No No
State Unified
Computerised
Land Registry
Yes No
Land Register No No
Kadaster-on-Line
(webservice)
Yes No
New Land Book No No
Cadastre NA NA
National Land
Registry
No No That information is presented to
land registry in the deed that
remains digitally archived but is
not inscribed on the property
sheet
Tax Id of the
property
No No Tax administration has tax value ndash
but this value does not match the
price
Cadastre No
Register of
applications for
land registry
excerpts and
notarial deeds (land
books)
Yes NA Not always present
Real property
register
(consist of both
cadastre and land
register)
Yes No
The electronic
Land Register
(eZK)
No No
ISKN ndash Land
Registry
Information
System
No No The purchase price is stored in the
collection of documents at the
regional District Office Cadastral
Departments where the data has
been collected
Engla
nd
and
Wal
es Register of
title
Yes No Purchase price or the value stated
for the purpose of the registration
fee where there was no purchase
price This applies to registrations
177 279
MS Register Purchase price Comments
Present Search
since October 2003
Register of
cautions
against first
registration
NA NA
Land
Charges
Registers
(relate to
unregistered
land)
NA NA
Nort
her
n I
rela
nd
Land
Registry
Northern
Ireland
Yes Yes Some transfers are for natural love
and affection ndash where there is no
purchase price
Registry of
Deeds
Yes NA Sometimes providedsometimes
not
Statutory
Charges
Register
No No
Sco
tlan
d Land
Register
Yes Yes Search available as an off-line
request
General
Register of
Sasines
Yes Yes Search available as an off-line
request
Crofting
Register
No No
Table 25 Purchase price
178 279
45 Language
The table in the current section lists languages in which the data is available in the various
Member States registers
MS Primary language Other language
German Not present
Dutch
French
German
Not present
Bulgarian Not present
Greek Not present
Czech Not present
German NA
Danish Not present
Estonian Inquiries can be made in English but answers are
always given in Estonian
Greek Not present
Spanish All the other official languages of the country
Catalan in Catalonia Balearic Islands and
Valencia
Gallego in Galicia and Vasque in the
Vasque Country
English
Finish
Swedish
English (to be implemented)
French Not present
Croatian Not present
Hungarian Not present
English Irish
Italian Not present
Lithuanian For the users of EULIS service information is provided
in English
French Not present
Latvian State Unified Computerised Land Registry Section
names are available in English content is available in
Latvian only
National Real Estate Cadastre Information System and
State Address Register Interface is available in
English content is available in Latvian only
Maltese English as a general rule lsquoCertificates of Titlersquo are
issued in Maltese
Dutch Not present
Polish Not present
Portuguese Not present
Romanian Not present
Swedish Headlines in English
Slovenian Not present
179 279
MS Primary language Other language
Slovak The information could be provided in a national
minority language That is possible only in specific
regions where population of national minority is at
least 20
English Welsh for land in Wales
Table 26 Member States Registers language
46 Usage costs and payments methods per Member State
In this section we report on the following information that was collected for each Member
State
What land data is available for free
What is the cost for accessing the non-free data
What are the accepted means of payment (eg cash money transfer etc)
What are available timings of payments (eg pre-paid subscription etc)
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
subscription credit card Fee is always
required
NA
pre-paid creditdebit
card
direct debit
Fee is always
required
NA
pre-paid money
transfer (at
bank office
or on-line)
credit card
Fee is always
required
Every service provided
on-line is at the cost of 1
BG leva (approximately
050euro)
NA creditdebit
card
(planned in
future)
Fee is always
required
NA
post-paid money
transfer
creditdebit
card
cash
Fee is always
required except for
notaries and other
authorised providers
based on the law
The fee for a page A4 is
at present 50 CZK
(approximately 2euro) and
average output has 2
pages
NA NA NA NA
available for
free
available for
free
All data is available
for free
Available for free
pre-paid
post-paid
money
transfer
credit card
The exemption from
payment is made in
the following cases
1 A person making
inquiry about
himself
The inquiry fee is 1euro for
each inquiry object
1 Section 1 lsquoPlot
compositionrsquo
2 Section 2 lsquoOwnerrsquo
3 Section 3
180 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
2 A person making
inquiry while
performing a public
function provided for
in the law such as
a Government
agency
b Court
c Local
government
agency
d Notary
e Bailiff etc
lsquoEncumbrances and
restrictionsrsquo and
lsquoMortgagesrsquo
In order to see all
information about one
immovable one has to
pay a total of 3euro The
inquiry fee is 1 euro for
each inquiry object
1 Section 1 lsquoPlot
compositionrsquo
2 Section 2 lsquoOwnerrsquo
3 Section 3
lsquoEncumbrances and
restrictionsrsquo and
lsquoMortgagesrsquo
In order to see all
information about one
immovable one has to
pay a total of 3euro
pre-paid money
transfer
direct debit
Fee is always
required
Certificate of registration
of a land transaction
45euro
Certificate of cadastral
registrations of subsets of
property rights about a
property 45euro (for each
subset of property rights)
Certificate of cadastral
registrations of a
physicallegal person
45euro (for each category
of property
rightstransactions)
Certificate of absence of
cadastral registrations
about a physicallegal
person 45euro
Copy of a propertyrsquos
cadastral sheet 45euro (for
each double-faced page
of the cadastral sheet)
Copy of a deed or a
document from the
cadastral survey archives
45euro (for each double-
faced page of the deed or
the document)
Copy of a propertyrsquos
181 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
cadastral map extract
15euro
Copy of a propertyrsquos
cadastral map extract
containing the
coordinates of the
propertyrsquos boundaries
33euro
pre-paid
post-paid
creditdebit
card
direct debit
Fee is always
required
Simple informative notes
requested on-line 9euro +
VAT (21)
Certifications requested
on-line 30euro + VAT
(21)
post-paid NA Fee is always
required
NA
Requests to
DGFI
(Ministry of
Finance)
One for
each
request at
the time of
sending the
request
Bank cards
(the usual
set visa
etc)
Transfer
Chegraveque
+ Pre-paid
lsquoreserversquo
Fee is always
required
From 12euro (real
estatepersons) to 30euro
(full description of a co-
property)
Requests to
AMALFI
Copies are
delivered
after
payment
Bank cards
on the web
site
wwwlivrefo
ncierfr
Transfer
Chegraveque
Fee is always
required
From 5euro (real
estatepersons) to 25euro
(annexe)
available for
free
available for
free
All data is available
for free
Available for free
pre-paid
post-paid
money
transfer
credit card
NA Prices and fees of data
servicing and the other
relevant instructions are
determined by the Act
LXXXV1996
pre-paid
subscription
creditdebit
card
Fee is always
required
All users have equal
access on payment of a
prescribed fee under
Statutory Instrument SI
3802012 Land
Registration (Fees) Order
2012 and under Statutory
Instrument SI 512008
Registration of Deeds
182 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
(Fees) Order 2012
NA On-line
financial
services of
Poste
Italiane (the
Italian
Postal
Service)
credit card
Postepay
card
1 Consultation of
cadastral data
through a simple
identification of
the user by fiscal
code - all the
cadastral data
related to the real
estate except for
data concerning
the ownership
2 Consultation of
cadastral data
after registration
to the on- line
services of
Agenzia delle
Entrate all the
cadastral data
including those
concerning the
ownership Free
of charge when
the applicant is
the holder also
by share of a
property right or
other rights in
rem on the real
estate to which
the request of
information
refers
3 When the
applicant is the
holder also by
share of a
property right or
other rights in
rem on the real
estate to which
the request of
information refers
Everyone has to pay a fee
for a legal certificate
- a 15 euro stamp duty each
4 pages of the document
and
- a specific amount which
depends on the kind of
the requested document
Other examples of
payments
- for each searched name
an amount of 945euro is
due
- if in the list of
documents related to the
subject (person) there are
more than 30 notes an
additional payment of
473euro for each group of
15 notes is due
- for every consulted note
540euro are due
pre-paid money Exceptions from The procedure for
183 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
post-paid
subscription
transfer
creditdebit
card
direct debit
payments are
established in the
Law on State
Registers of the
Republic of Lithuania
and other laws
calculating payment for
the use of Register data is
established by the
Government of the
Republic of Lithuania
More details can be
found in section 4817
At the
moment of
delivery of
information
cash Fee is always
required
A fee of 050euro or of
074euro is due for each
copied page of
information delivered by
the register
State Unified Computerised Land Registry
post-paid
subscription
creditdebit
card
Finding if a property
is registered in Land
Register and when
the request is about
self-owned properties
4980euro per month and
285euro per folio viewed
National Real Estate Cadastre Information System and State Address Register
unregistered
users
pre-paid
registered
users
post-paid
subscription
unregistered
users
SMS
payment
Internet
banking
creditdebit
card
registered
users
money
transfer
Everyone can freely
search by property
address cadastral
number folio
number
Amount of payment
depends on the data type
delivery method and
license agreements (end
users or data distributors)
- real data base files
tables geospatial data or
just viewing services at
portal or special web
services for direct
database connection For
example to see full
cadastral information
about one property at
portal costs 285euro
geospatial information
download for one parcel
costs 256euro
pre-paid cash
cheque
Fee is always
required
For Official Search
Requests the fee
prescribed by law is
466euro whereas the fee
for a land registry plan is
233euro Copies of
certificates of title are
provided at a fee of 233euro
each
pre-paid money
transfer
Fee is always
required
NA
184 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
creditdebit
card
direct debit
available for
free
available for
free
All data is available
for free
Available for free
pre-paid creditdebit
card
at ATM
via
eBanking
Fee is always
required
1 Land registry
lsquopermanent certificatersquo
a) Ordered on-line - euro 15
b) Ordered at registry
service - euro 20
2 Simplified Land
Registry Information (on-
line)
a) Ordered On-line - 6 euro
b) Ordered at registry
service - euro 10
NA NA Fee is always
required exceptions
regulated by different
laws mainly for
public institutions or
authorities
information provided
to the court police
prosecutors etc is
free of charge
NA
NA NA If you are a property
owner and have an
electronic-ID you
can access your own
property for free
For public use there is a
Geodata sharing model
for Swedish public
administration with a
yearly fee depending on
use
For commercial users is a
transaction fee
For researchers there is a
discount
available for
free
available for
free
All data is available
for free
Available for free
pre-paid money
transfer
cash
Searching through the
Cadastral portal is
free of charge
However obtained
information (eg
Ownership
Document) has only
informative character
The fee for issuing of a
copy of the original of an
Ownership Document is
8euro There are other
charges for services
which are mentioned in
the Act on
Administrative Fees
1451995
England and Wales
pre-paid creditdebit Fee is always Fees are paid in
185 279
MS Timing of
payment
Means of
payment
Data available for
free
Cost of non-free data
post-paid card
direct debit
required accordance with the
current Land Registration
Fee Order 2013
Northern Ireland
NA cash
suspense
account
creditdebit
cards
Fee is always
required
Fees are governed by
Statute ndash the Land
Registry Fees Order and
Registry of Deeds Fees
Order
Scotland
pre-paid (for
ad hoc
queries)
post-paid
debit card
(for ad hoc
queries)
direct debit
Fee is always
required
Fees are charged per
enquiry (currently pound3)
Table 27 Registers usage costs
47 Overview of Member Statesrsquo memberships
That section indicates which Member Statesrsquo organisations and authorities belong to
international associations or networks
MS ELRA EULIS PCC CLGE
Non-member Bundesministeri
um fuumlr Justiz
Bundesamt fuumlr
Eich und
Vermessungswe
sen
Bundeskammer der
Architekten und
Ingenieurkonsulenten
(BAIK)
Bundesfachgruppe
Vermessungswesen
Oumlsterreichische
Gesellschaft fuumlr
Vermessung und
Geoinformation
(OVG)
Patrimonial
Documentation of
Belgium
Royal Belgian
Federation of
Mortgage Keepers
Non-member
pending
Administration
geacuteneacuterale de la
Documentation
patrimoniale
(Cadastre
Enregistrement
Domaines et
Hypothegraveques) -
Algemene
Administratie
van de
Administration
Centrale du
Cadastre
de
Lenregistremen
t et des
Domaines
Ordre Belge des
Geacuteomegravetres-Experts
asbl
Belgische Orde van
Landmeters-Experten
vzw
Union Belge des
Geacuteomegravetres-Experts
Immobiliers (UBG)
Belgische Unie van
Landmeters-Experts
(BUL)
Nationale Vereniging
van Landmeters-
186 279
MS ELRA EULIS PCC CLGE
Patrimoniumdo
cumentatie
(Kadaster
Registratie
Domeinen en
Hypotheken)
Experten (NVLE)
Association
Nationale de
Geacuteomegravetres-Experts
(ANGE)
Bulgarian
Registry Agency
Non-member Geodesy
Cartography
and Cadastre
Agency
Union of Surveyors
and Land Managers
Bulgarian Chamber
of graduated
Surveyors
Department of
Lands and
Surveys
Non-member Department of
Lands and
Surveys
The Cyprus
Association of Rural
and Surveyor
Engineers (CARSE)
Non-member Non-member
pending
Czech Office
for Surveying
Mapping and
Cadastre
Czech Office
for Surveying
Mapping and
Cadastre
Chamber of
Surveyors and
Cartographers (KGK)
in co-operation with
the
Czech Union of
Surveyors and
Cartographers
(CSGK) and with the
Czech Office of
Surveying Mapping
and Cadastre (CUZK)
Bund Deutscher
Rechtspfleger
Non-member Arbeitsgemeins
chaft der
Vermessungsve
rwaltungen der
Laumlnder der
Bundesrepublik
Deutschland
(Adv)
Bund der Oumlffentlich
bestellten
Vermessungsingenieu
re EV (BDVI)
Deutscher Verein fuumlr
Vermessungswesen e
VGesellschaft fuumlr
Geodaumlsie
Geoinformation und
Landmanagement
(DVW)
Non-member Non-member Agency for
Geodata
Den Danske
Landinspektorforenin
gThe Danish
Association of
Chartered Surveyors
(DdL)
Praktiserende
Landinspektoslashrers
ForeningThe Danish
Association of
Licensed Surveyors
in Private Practice
187 279
MS ELRA EULIS PCC CLGE
(PLF)
Observer member
Centre of
Registers and
InfoSystems
Non-member
pending
Kinnistusraamat
(Land Register)
MAA - AMET -
Estonian Land
Board
Eesti Geodeetide
UumlhingAssociation of
Estonian Surveyors
Land Registrars
Association of
Greece
Non-member Ktimatologio
AE
Hellenic Association
of Rural and
Surveying Engineers
(HARSE)
Technical Chamber
of Greece
Colegio de
Registradores de
Espantildea
Colegio de
Registradores
de la Propiedad
mercantiles y de
bienes muebles
de Espantildea
Direccioacuten
General del
Catastro
Colegio Oficial de
Ingenieros Tecnicos
en Topografia
Observer member
Maanmittauslaitos
Maanmittauslait
os
Maanmittauslait
os
Maanmittausinsinoumloumlri
en Liitto ry
Maanmittausalan
ammattikorkeakoulu-
ja opistoteknisten
liitto MAKLI ry
Association des
Conservateurs
Drsquohypothegraveques de
France
Non-member Ministegravere de
Leacuteconomie des
Finances
et de Lindustrie
Direction
Geacuteneacuterale des
Impocircts
Ordre des Geacuteomegravetres-
Experts (OGE)
Observer member
Ministry of Justice
Non-member Državna
Geodetska
Uprava
Hrvatska komora
ovlaštenih inženjera
geodezije (Croatian
Chamber of
Chartered Geodetic
Engineers)
Non-member Non-member Institute of
Geodesy
Cartography
and Remote
Sensing (FOumlMI)
Section for Surveying
and Geoinformation
of the Hungarian
Chamber of
Engineers (MMK
GGT)
Hungarian Society of
Surveying Mapping
and Remote Sensing
(MFTTT)
Association of the
Hungarian
Geoinformatic and
Geodetic Surveying
188 279
MS ELRA EULIS PCC CLGE
Enterprises
(MFGVE)
Property
Registration
Authority
Property
Registration
Authority
Property
Registration
Authority
Ireland
Irish Institution of
Surveyors (IIS)
Agenzia delle
Entrate
Servizio Libro
Fondiario
Non-member Agenzia delle
Entrate
Consiglio Nazionale
Geometri e Geometri
Laureati
Registru Centras
Central Mortgage
Office of the
Republic of
Lithuania
Registru
Centras
Registru
Centras
Lietuvos matininku
asociacija
(LMA)Lithuanian
Association of
Surveyors
Administration de
lrsquoenregistrement et
des domaines
Non-member Administration
du Cadastre et
de la
Topographie
Ordre
Luxembourgeois des
Geacuteomegravetres (OLG)
Observer member
Department of
Courts and Land
Registers Court
Administration
Ministry of Justice
Non-member
pending
State Land
Service
(provided
system is
called National
Real Estate
Cadastre
Information
System)
Valsts Zemes
Dienests
Latvijas Mērnieku
biedrība
LMBLatvian
Association of
Surveyors
Non-member Non-member Land and Public
Registry
Malta Institution of
Surveyors
Kadaster Kadaster Kadaster Geo Informatie
Nederland (GIN)
Hydrographic Society
GeoBusiness
Nederland
Polish Association
of Registrars
Non-member Głoacutewny Urząd
Geodezji i
Kartografii
Chamber of
Surveying
EnterprisesGeodezyj
na Izba Gospodarcza
Polish Commercial
Geodesy Employers
Association of
Geodetic
Cartographic
FirmsPolska
Geodezja
Komercyjna Krajowy
Związek
189 279
MS ELRA EULIS PCC CLGE
Pracodawcoacutew Firm
Geodezyjno-
Kartograficznych
Instituto dos
Registos
Associaccedilatildeo
Sindical dos
Conservadores
dos Registos
Non-member
Instituto
Geograacutefico
Portuguecircs
Portuguese
Geometers
Association
Agentia Nationala
de Cadastru si
Publicitate
Imobiliara
Romanian Land
Registry
Association
Non-member Agentia
Nationala de
Cadastru si
Publicitate
Imobiliara
Romanian
Association of
Private Surveyors
(RAPS)
Romanian Union of
Geodesy (RUG)
Observer member
Lantmaumlteriet
Lantmaumlteriet Lantmaumlteriet The Swedish
professionals for the
built Environment
Observer member
Supreme Court of
Justice of
Slovenia
Non-member
pending
The Land
Registry
(Zemljiska
knjiga)
Geodetska
Uprava
Republike
Slovenije
Slovenian chamber of
engineers ndash section of
surveyors
Non-member
Not a member
but partly
connected
Uacuterad geodeacutezie
kartografie a
katastra
Slovenskej
republiky
Uacuterad geodeacutezie
kartografie a
katastra
Slovenskej
republiky
Chamber of
Surveyors and
Cartographers (KGK)
Slovak Mining
Society (SBS)
England and
Wales
Land Registry
Scotland
Registers of
Scotland
England and
Wales
Land Registry
Scotland
Registers of
Scotland
Ordnance
Survey
Britains
National
Mapping
Agency
The Royal Institute of
Chartered Surveyors
79 29 100 100
Table 28 Member State membership
190 279
48 Member States profiles
This section contains profiles of all Member States participating in the study For each the
following basic information is presented
Registers on-line ndash types of registers available on-line
Access for the following users ndash which users have access to land data
RegistrationAuthentication process ndash conditions for getting access
User can search by ndash what data can be used for searches
Access by other MS ndash described whether access for users from other Member State is
available
National legislation ndash main points of national legislation related to data protection
Language ndash in what language(s) data is available
Legal status of the provided information ndash what is the legal status of the data retrieved
from the register
Payment ndash payments related information
Pilot project ndash willingness of the Member State to participate in the pilot project
481 AT
Registers on-
line
Land register Cadastre
Access for the
following users
Access is open to the public and for anyone interested via
internet the only restrictions concern search with regard to
persons
Registration
Authentication
process
Anonymous customer number of the clearing house
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
No search with regard to persons each search or document has to
be paid
Language German
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information is a legal certificate It has the state
guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash according to the condition
of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid for establishing a title of
property
Payment Payment is always required Payment mode is subscription
payment method is credit card
Pilot project Yes
Grundbuch Cadastre Address register
Search by name (YN) n n n
Search by address (YN) y y y
Search by property identification number (YN)
y y
Search by map (YN) y y n
Other (please specify)
191 279
482 BE
Registers on-
line
Land register Cadastre
Access for the
following
users
Anyone wishing to consult the land register or the cadastre can do
so if a legitimate interest in obtaining the information is
demonstrated Notaries are allowed to access to more information
than the citizens
Registration
Authentication
process
ID Card
User can
Search by
LR No Cadastre Parcel address Parcel ID Property
coordinates Owner Map Known encumbrances Purchase price
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
All citizens can have access to their own data Land data are
limited by privacy
Language French Dutch German
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate Parcel address Parcel ID Property coordinates
Owner Map Known encumbrances Purchase price
Payment Only pre-paid Fee - creditdebit card direct debit
Pilot project Yes in principle Naturally depending on the development to be
done (or not) to be connected
483 BG
Registers on-
line
Property register Cadastre register
Access for the
following
users
LR is public with the same level of on-line access
Registration
Authentication
process
User access divided into roles only for the purpose that some of
them have free access The registered users need to verify their
accounts via the e-mail that they have provided (logging onto
their email and verifying a link) After that they can log by user
name and password
User can
Search by
Property register Parcel address Parcel ID Owner Known
encumbrances
Access by
other MS
All users can obtain the same information after making a
registration and pay for the services of the portal
They can search by name address property identification
number
National
legislation
All information is public
Language Bulgarian
Legal status of
the provided
Official documents are issued only on paper in the Registry
Agencyrsquos offices They are stamped by Registry Agency and
192 279
information signed by Entry judge They are not available via internet
Payment Bank payment electronic payment
Pilot project Yes
484 CY
Registers on-
line
Land register and Cadastre within the Cyprus Integrated Land
Information System (CILIS)
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
As far as the civil servants who use the internal CILIS IT System
are concerned there is an internal registration and authentication
process As far as the rest of the categories who will have access
to the Government Gateway by Mid-2014 there will be a
registration and authentication process in the Gateway itself In
addition and for some Gateway applications an extra
authentication in-person may be required and will be dealt with
by the Citizen Service Centre in Cyprus or by the Cyprus
Embassies abroad Plans are also made that by the year 2015 an
e-card using e-signatures will also be available therefore the
authentication in person will not be necessary anymore
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Yes
Regarding access to the register and the so-called lsquoproperty
searchrsquo please find below a summary of the legislation that deals
with all users in general
Under section 51A of the Law Cap224 the Director of the
Department of Lands amp Surveys may provide any interested
person with any information recorded in the Land Register or in
any other file or book kept with any District Lands Office current
or previous including among others the history of each property
or all immovable properties of each owner and a very wide range
of information for each property and every transaction affecting
thereof It also allows the inspection of files or other documents
193 279
by lsquointerested personsrsquo in the presence of an officer of the
Department
A search certificate is issued only after the respective application
has been filed and the prescribed fees have been paid to the
Department of Lands and Surveys
Only an lsquointerested personrsquo or hisher agent or attorney may file
an application to be issued a lsquosearch certificatersquo
lsquoInterested personsrsquo means the owner of the property his heirs
devisees and legatees the owner of any trees buildings or other
objects on the land which belongs to another and vice versa the
person entitled to any right or interest in the immovable property
who satisfies the Director that he is a prospective purchaser or
mortgagor the plaintiff in any action against the owner of such
property the professional valuer who may require certain
information for purposes of evaluating certain immovable
property in a case relating to compulsory acquisition and includes
any person not thus specified to whom the Director may
specifically order that any information be furnished
The following persons are to this day specified as lsquointerested
personsrsquo Land Surveyors members of the Cyprus Scientific and
Technical Chamber Estate Agents the Director of the Council
for Registration and Control of Building and Civil Engineering
Contractors spouses or former spouses banking institutions
owners of adjacent properties accountants or auditors and
persons that have in their favour a decisionorder of the Court
regarding the property of the defendant
At the time of filing of any application for the issue of a search
certificate all applicants are advised to produce their identity card
and give the particulars of the property for which the information
is requested as well as provide any documents proving that they
are lsquointerested personsrsquo (eg certificate of registration certificate
of death and heirs etc) Where the information requested
concerns the properties of a specific person full particulars of his
name place of origin full address and whenever possible his
identity number should be given
National
legislation
Mentioned above
Language On line information will only be available in Greek for the time
being Any manual information may be translated in English
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal Certificate Register Data
Payment The Government Gateway will require a pre-paid fee
194 279
Pilot project No for the time being
485 CZ
Registers on-
line
Information system of the cadastre of real estate (ISKN)
Registry of the Territorial Identification Addresses and Real
Estate
Access for the
following users
Information system of the cadastre of real estate
Paid service is available for everybody (citizens) free of charge
service is available for government and local self-government
organizations notaries and other authorized providers based on
the law
Registry of the Territorial Identification Addresses and Real
Estate
Free of charge service available to everybody
Registration
Authentication
process
Every applicant having the intention to get the access to the
Information system of the cadastre of real estate ndash remote access-
has to ask it in the form of request He must fill in the form to be
found on the website in which he mentions his name address
type of payment how often the invoice(s) should be sent to him
(there are some possibilities) etc Based on that request he
receives the confirmation and agreement together with his User
ID and password For citizens of other Member States there can
be a bit modified agreement but there is not any legal restriction
regarding the availability of the ISKN registry for foreigners
There is no possibility to get the legal output (authorised and
having the status of legal document) on-line without registration
195 279
Such an output can be obtained for single user in any cadastral
office or at any authorised provider or certifier (some notaries
post offices Contact points of Czech state administration -
CzechPoints)
There is another service lsquoconsultation the CRErsquo which is
available for everybody free of charge and users can get only
limited information from CRE serving for information only not
for legal purposes
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
Everybody can get the access to the electronic data administered
in ISKN under conditions stated in the regulation to apply the
Cadastral Law (Act Nr 2562013 sect55 point 3) - based on
registration
Language Czech
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information is a legal certificate It has the state
guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash according to the condition
of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid for establishing a title of
property
Payment Registered user must pay for all provided outputs from
Information system of the cadastre of real estate The fee for a
page A4 is at present 50 CZK (approximately 2 Euros) and
average output has 2 pages
Registered user is invoiced after ending the accounting period
(monthly quarterly or yearly)
The invoice can be paid via money transfer creditdebit card or
even cash at the cadastral office-that option is not used very
often
Pilot project No
ISKN RUacuteIAN
Search by name (YN) y no
Search by address (YN) no y
Search by property identification number (YN) y n
Search by map (YN) y y
Other (please specify)
196 279
486 DE
Registers on-
line
Land registry Real estate cadastre
Access for the
following
users
Land registry
Real estate cadastre
Registration
Authentication
process
NA
User can
Search by
NA
Access by
other MS
NA
National
legislation
NA
Language German
Legal status of
the provided
information
NA
Payment NA
197 279
Pilot project NA
487 DK
Registers on-
line
Den Digitale Tingbog
(The Digitised Land Register)
Access for the
following
users
For everybody there is available summary information only
All information is available with logon by Danish digitised
signature
Registration
Authentication
process
Access by Danish digitised signature ndash does not require that the
system knows the user
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
The system is open to everyone and there are no limitations
neither in terms of data nor roles
National
legislation
Due to existing Danish legislation full access is given by Danish
digitised signature
Language Danish
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information is a legal certificate It has the state
guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash according to the condition
of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid for establishing a title of
property
Payment No fees
Pilot project No
488 EE
Registers on-
line
Land register Land cadastre
Access for the
following
Everyone some for free some with a fee
YN
Search by name N
Search by address Y
Search by property identification number N
Search by map N
Other (please specify) N
198 279
users
Registration
Authentication
process
Authentication is needed in the following cases
1 In case user wants to see personal LR information documents
etc authentication can be done by using ID-card mobile-ID or
on-line bank authentication
2 In case contractual user makes inquiries via website
kinnistusraamatrikee authentication can be done by using
username and password or ID-card Authentication is needed in
order to distinguish users who have to pay the fee (banks etc) and
users who get LR information free of charge (notaries
government agencies etc)
3 Contractual users who are obligated to pay the fee (banks
registered lawyers etc) can also use xml-services In that case
username and password is needed for authentication
4 Contractual users who get LR information free of charge can
also use x-road services in order to make inquiries directly from
the information system they are using (eg e-Notary) In that case
authentication is not needed since it is already done
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
The current regulation concerns only Estonian contractual users
Access of users from other Member States will be decided case
by case
National
legislation
The current regulation concerns only Estonian contractual users
Access of users from other Member States will be decided case
by case
Language Estonian inquiries can be made in English but answers are
always given in Estonian
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information is legally valid and has the state guarantee
at the time of inquiry
199 279
Payment Fee Credit and insurance institutions Registered lawyers
member of the Bar
Free Notaries and Civil servants A person making inquiry about
himself or herself in the state portal (wwweestiee) A person
making inquiry while performing a public function provided for
in the law such as Government agency Court Local government
agency Notary Bailiff etc
Pre-paid and post-paid (money transfer creditdebit card direct
debit etc)
Pilot project Yes Estonia would like to become a lsquoPilot projectrsquo for
implementing testing and evaluating Land Register
interconnection in the framework of the European e-Justice
Portal
489 EL
Registers on-
line
Regional Land Registry Offices
National Cadastre
There are no land data available on-line in traditional lsquoRegional
Land Registry Officesrsquo However for areas in which the
cadastral system (National Cadastre) is in operation then the
traditional lsquoRegional Land Registry Officesrsquo have been converted
to lsquoTransitional Cadastral Officesrsquo For those Transitional
Cadastral Offices there are capabilities for on-line access to the
relevant land data Gradually (up to 2020) all traditional
lsquoRegional Land Registry Officesrsquo as well as lsquoTransitional
Cadastral Officesrsquo would be converted to the lsquoPermanent
Cadastral Officesrsquo and thus it would be possible to have on-line
access in all of them
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
For professionals (notaries registered lawyers surveyors) it has
not been decided yet It is envisaged that there would be some
sort of authentication through use of user authentication sticks or
Nr Access to most relevant land data
YN Comments and possible restrictions
1 Notaries N Planned (expected to access the system through web services) 2016
2 Registered lawyers member of the Bar
N Planned (expected to access the system through web services) 2016
3 Surveyors N Planned (expected to access the system through web services) 2016
4 Registered Users N For certain areas of the operating Cadastre in which the cadastral surveying process has started after 2006 The Ministerial Decision for enabling registered users to have direct access to the first registrations of their properties was signed in March 2014 Activation of this capability will take place in the forthcoming months
200 279
process other similar means
For individuals (lsquoregistered usersrsquo) access is provided through use
of lsquouser namesrsquo and lsquopasswordsrsquo
User can
Search by
Regional Land Registry Offices
There are no land data available on-line in traditional lsquoRegional
Land Registry Officesrsquo However for areas in which the
cadastral system (National Cadastre) is in operation the
traditional lsquoRegional Land Registry Officesrsquo have been converted
to lsquoTransitional Cadastral Officesrsquo For those offices there are
functionalities in the computer systems that enable searches listed
in the table below (the one that corresponds to the lsquoNational
Cadastrersquo) Gradually (up to 2020) all traditional lsquoRegional Land
Registry Officesrsquo as well as the lsquoTransitional Cadastral Officesrsquo
would be converted to the lsquoPermanent Cadastral Officesrsquo and
thus it would be possible to perform the types of searches listed
below in all of them
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
For professionals (notaries registered lawyers surveyors) it has
not been decided yet It is envisaged that there would be some
sort of authentication through use of user authentication sticks or
other similar means
For individuals (lsquoregistered usersrsquo) access is provided through use
of lsquouser namesrsquo and lsquopasswordsrsquo
Language Greek
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information is a legal certificate It has the state
guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash according to the condition
of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid for establishing a title of
property
Certificate of registration of a land transaction - certifies that a
specified land transaction is registered
Regional Land
Registry Offices
National Cadastre
Search by name (YN) Y
Search by address (YN) Y
Search by property identification number (YN) Y
Search by map (YN) Y
Other (please specify) Y
201 279
Certificate of cadastral registrations of subsets of property rights
about a user-specified property - lists the cadastral registrations of
certain user-specified types of rights that have been registered
about a real property
Certificate of cadastral registrations of a physicallegal person -
lists the cadastral registrations that pertain to a specified person
Certificate of absence of cadastral registrations about a
physicallegal person - it certifies that a given physicallegal
person does not have any property or other registered right
Copy of a propertyrsquos cadastral sheet - it contains the history of all
legal information about a property (ownership encumbrances
etc)
Copy of a deed or a document from the cadastral survey archives
Copy of a propertyrsquos cadastral map extract - it depicts the location
of the property into the National Grid and the neighbouring
properties
Copy of a propertyrsquos cadastral map extract containing the
coordinates of the propertyrsquos boundaries - it depicts the location
of the property and contains the coordinates of the propertyrsquos
boundaries into the National Geodetic Reference System
Payment Pre-paid for all types of users via money transfers or direct debit
Pilot project With the currently available financial and human resources in the
cadastral agency no However if the pilot study was financed
from other sources then the possibility for the Hellenic National
Cadastre and Mapping Agency to become a lsquopilotrsquo point could be
considered
4810 ES
Registers on-
line
Land Registry (provides on-line access to data from around 1000
Land Registers) Spanish Directorate for Cadastre (responsible for
95 of the Spanish territory) Other 4 cadastral organisations
responsible for 5 of the Spanish territory Servicio de Riqueza
Territorial de Navarra Catastro de Aacutelava Catastro de Guipuacutezcoa
Catastro de Vizcaya
Access for the
following
Land Registry System Civil servants Notaries When a
legitimate interest is claimed Registered lawyers member of the
202 279
users Bar Credit and insurance institutions Justice (judges or
experienced justice professionals) Access is already organised
via EULIS for everyone Access is available also to the registered
owner mortgagee and mortgagor
Spanish Directorate for Cadastre Civil servants Notaries
Registered lawyers member of the Bar Credit and insurance
institutions Justice (judges or experienced justice professionals)
Additionally financial institutions lawyers legal representatives
account auditors administrative managers real estate agents and
other professionals developing similar businesses as well as the
Public Entities and detectives provided that they declare the
reason for such consultation and this is in agreement with the
purposes of the Registry
Examples of legitimate interests
Foreign judge needing the information for a certain civil or
criminal procedure foreign solicitor lawyer or notary needing the
information to perform a certain conveyance over the property
In the application forms available to get the information there are
some common interests that can be alleged
bullLegaleconomic investigation on credit solvency or
responsibility
bullLegal investigation on object ownership or limitations
bullInvestigation for contracting or mediation of shares
bullThe applicant is a registered owner of some landed property
Registration
Authentication
process
Information is requested in the asynchronous way User and a
password can be created facilitating the process of information
request When verification is done through credit card all users
have the same rights and access No one have direct access to the
data base itself
User can
Search by
Parcel address Parcel ID Property coordinates Map (graphic
bases) Deed Owner Purchase price Mortgages Known
encumbrances
Access by
other MS
Yes
203 279
National
legislation
Data protection regulation
Language Spanish and all the other official languages of the country
- catalan in Catalonia Balearic Islands and Valencia
- Gallego in Galicia and Vasque in the Vasque Country
English (and soon in other foreign languages)
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate every legal data provided ownership burdens
encumbrances attachments hellip
Payment Fee Post-paid (Users with password and account registered pay
once a month and are charged directly to their bank accounts) and
Prepaid (Credit card provided by the user every time a request is
done The credit card details can be filed in with the users account
so that there is no need to enter them every time)
Soon payments through mobile phones will be admitted
Pilot project Yes
4811 FI
Registers on-
line
Land Register called lainhuuto- ja kiinnitysrekisteri in Finnish
Cadastre
National Land Information System
Purchase price register
Access for the
following
users
Owner encumbrances and price data is accessible on-line only to
users in below categories 1-5 For what concerns the
identification informationdata of an individual relevant land data
entity of Land Register the information is accessible to everyone
Registration
Authentication
process
The national law requires acceptance of a personal user request in
a written application form for each category of user
204 279
User can
Search by
Parcel ID Property coordinates Map Known encumbrances
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
Automated confirmationverification of the userrsquos category done
by the Member Staterdquo is not possible in authorisation as Finish
law on National Land Information System requires acceptance of
a personal user request to access Land Register on-line in a
written application form for each category of user In principle the
access conditions are similar to everyone independent of their
country of origin but changing the answer to allow access by the
user category here would require appropriate legal modifications
Language Finnish Swedish English (to be implemented)
Legal status of
the provided
information
No formal guarantee that the register is up to date and
corresponds to the legal reality regarding the establishment of a
property title
Payment Fee Post-paid by invoice
Pilot project Probably not because of current critical development stages - to
be discussed
4812 FR
Registers on-
line
Three departments (Moselle and the two departments of Bas Rhin
amp Haut Rhin forming the Alsace region) have their own land
register regime (managed for the Ministry of Justice) where all
land data is centralised into a unique file AMALFI
French notaries and geometers have access to the SPDC (Serveur
Professionnel de Donneacutees Cadastrales) server providing access to
a subset of land data
Access for the
following
users
AMALFI Justice professionals (notaries bailiffs geometers
municipalities) have on-line access (others send asynchronous
requests)
205 279
SPDC only French offices of notariesgeometers have access
when registered
Registration
Authentication
process
AMALFI Authentication (justice professionals notaries etc) is
done via a smart card for the on-line access and requests of copies
lsquopersonsrsquo No authentication for the public sending asynchronous
requests (related to lsquopropertiesrsquo)
The attribution of the specific smart card is done on request (form
signed by the user and by his professional body)
SPDC IDpassword to be distributed by the registered office
User can
Search by
AMALFI Name Address Property ID number Number of the
lsquoannexersquo
SPDC Knowing the location (commune) by cadastral Ndeg owner
name document Ndeg
Access by
other MS
Not implemented
French services do not take position on this point (accepting to
process asynchronous requests is a political decision)
National
legislation
France Code Civil ndash Art 2449
AlsaceMoselle Decret 2009-1193
Language French
Legal status of
the provided
information
FIDJI (responses provided by DGFI (Ministry of Finance) using
the FIDJI application) the file does NOT establish a property
title However it makes it lsquolikelyrsquo and valid against third parties
(lsquoopposabiliteacutersquo) The relevant service (of land publicitypubliciteacute
fonciegravere) certifies that the answer reproduces the exact lsquostatus of
the filersquo at the time of the request The French State would be
responsible in case of error (if the status of the file is not properly
reported)
SPDC (on-line) no legal value (informative value only)
AMALFI On-line answers have no legal value (delivered for
information only)
Copies provided on paper are signed by the lsquoGreffierrsquo and are
Certificates
Payment Various systems exist including SEPA transfers and the on-line
payment via the usual credit cards (VisaMasterCard etc)
206 279
Pilot project France is not candidate (reason too much work in progress ICT
reorganisation lack of national system on-line)
4813 HR
Registers on-
line
LR Cadastre
Access Everyone (assuming that users have same level of data access)
RegistrationA
uthentication
process
No User IDpassword only typing in protection code that
enables to access the database
User can
Search by
Address the cadastral parcel number or the land registration file
number
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
This issue has not yet been regulated by the legislation of the
Republic of Croatia
Language Croatian
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate Real Property Title Encumbrances
No formal guarantee Real Property
Payment No fee
Pilot project Yes
4814 HU
Registers on-
line
Unified Land Registry System
(cadastre and the legal registry ndash lsquoGrundbuchrsquo)
207 279
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
The Act CXLI1997 on Land Registration provides accession to
the so-called TakarNet System for certain users and user groups
and regulates the access conditions Further conditions of making
use of electronic land office services and details of data servicing
are regulated by the decree 1762009 (XII28) FVM (Ministry of
Agriculture and Rural Development)
Users 1-8
The Application for Access Permit can be submitted only in
Hungarian on the standardised form issued for this purpose as
the enclosure to the ministerial decree clause (No 1091999
(XII29) FVM) of the Act on Land Registration
When submitting the application general procedural duties
are to be paid This duty is payable in duty stamps sticking
them on one copy of the application Those applicants
exempted of the payment should submit a declaration stating
that after their entrepreneurial activity or performance in the
year preceding the submission of the application they were not
obliged to pay into the central budget
Lawyers public notaries individual bailiffs of the court
should enclose the certificate of the competent Chamber (issued
not earlier than 30 days) saying that the applicantrsquos membership is
existing heshe did not suspend the activity and there is no
disciplinary action opened against himher
Institutions financed from the national budget (e g local
governments) ndash if they wish to be exempted of paying data
supplying fee ndash should submit a declaration stating that after their
entrepreneurial activity or performance in the year preceding the
submission of the application they were not obliged to pay into
the central budget
Other companies should enclose the current original authentic
(or by public notary authenticated) certificate of registration
Nr Access to most relevant land data
YN Comments and possible restrictions
1 Civil servants Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address for the need of their authority
2 Notaries Y Acting for their clients according to the law search according to parcel ID or parcel address in succession procedure search by ownerrsquo name is allowed (case must be identified)
3 Registered lawyers member of the Bar
Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address acting for their clients according to the law
4 Credit and insurance institutions Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address for the need of their tasks we have banks from Europe among our clients
5 Justice (judges or experienced justice professionals)
Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address for the need of their authority and also search by ownerrsquos andor right holderrsquos name is allowed (case must be identified)
7 Property agencies different companies
Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address for the need of their tasks
8 Police detective authorities bailiffs Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address for the need of their authority and also search by ownerrsquos andor right holderrsquos name is allowed (case must be identified)
9 Citizens Y Search according to parcel ID or parcel address
208 279
(issued not earlier than 30 days) and the original authentic
specimen of signature
Private individual entrepreneurs should enclose to the
application form for natural persons filled in two copies an
official original certificate issued by the competent document
office not earlier than 30 days saying that the applicant has been
and is also currently registered as private entrepreneur The
certificate should mark the field of activity of the applicant
verifying the necessity of the on-line query of land office data
Based on the Access Permit a Service Contract specifying the use
of the system is signed The service contract and its enclosures
specify the services accessible for the User the number of the
access payment obligations etc The institutions and companies
should declare in the contract how many digital certificates
they need and for how long period of time of validity When
determining the number of the digital certificates it is necessary
to consider that with one certificate you can have at one time
only one access and that you can select and pay two different
periods of time for your certificates (3 or 6 years) After the
signing the contract and paying for the required certificates the
Client will be registered as User and the certificates are issued
The certificate (access authentication) is a digital signature (from
technical point of view) which can be used within this system
only
User 9
The client already registered at the central governmental Client
Gate can automatically use the services of Land Office On-line
after entering the Land Office Portal free of charge and without
new registration The client who is not registered yet has to
register first It can be done personally and free in any Citizens
Office or Government Window to receive a user-ID with
password
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Access is available for Member States organisations or citizens
under the same conditions The national legislation does not
restrict users from Member States they have to meet the same
conditions
National
legislation
According to the Act CXLI1997 on Land Registration the
Registry is public which means that the property sheet data and
the maps may be reviewed without restriction by any person
YN
Search by name (YN) only for certain users in certain cases specified in law like police in investigation cases notaries in succession cases etc
Search by address (YN) Y
Search by property identification number (YN) Y
Search by map (YN) N map can be searched by property ID and address
Other (please specify) N
209 279
notes may be made and copies may be requested
The following copies can be requested
- non-authentic copy of property sheet (review or full)
- e-authentic copy of property sheet (review or full)
- copy of cadastral map
Review copy contains the existing data full copy contains also
the deleted (historical) data as well
Multitudinous requests are not allowed
Language Hungarian
Legal status of
the provided
information
All the provided information is a legal certificate It has the state
guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash according to the condition
of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid for establishing a title of
property
Payment Prices and fees of data servicing and the other relevant
instructions are determined by the Act LXXXV1996 The data
service through the network is subject to payment of fees The
user only pays for the services requested
The data servicing procedure ndash from the moment when the user
sends the query till heshe receives the requested data ndash has
several check points Consequently if the user interrupts the
procedure of query e g the user starts a search based on the
address of a land and receives the parcel identity number of the
property but the user does not want to have the property sheet
the system will not charge anything for the services connected to
the search and not for the property sheet
Registered users receive an invoice monthly about the payable
balance and pay by bank transfer (post-paid)
Citizens pay by credit card in advance (pre-paid) The fees are the
same as the currently used administrative servicing fees
determined in the relevant rules of law and other regulations
No subscription possibilities
Pilot project No
4815 IE
Registers on-
line
National Land Register Registration of Deeds
Access for the All users have equal access on payment of a prescribed fee under
210 279
following
users
Statutory Instrument SI 3802012 Any person may search any
folio of the Register and obtain a certified copy thereof on
payment of the appropriate fee
The original deeds underpinning registration ie deeds and
documents of are filed and stored These deedsdocuments of title
including application forms are called instruments Access to
instruments is not open to all nor is access to such information
available electronically Any information on deeds and documents
filed in the Property Registration Authority can only be accessed
in accordance with the provisions of Rule 159 of Land
Registration Rules 2012 The Property Registration Authority
manages any personal data acquired in accordance with the Data
Protection Acts 1988 amp 2003
Registration
Authentication
process
Users of Land Registry information can access information on
line through landirectie On-line access is available to any person
on payment of prescribed fees Professional users such as
solicitors become authorised users and are account holders
Authorised users can
bullConduct on-line searches of the register (folios and title plan
maps)
bullUndertake names index searches
bullSearch and locate property using our digital map
bullUse an index of addresses to view a map and locate a folio
bullDiscover the existence of any relevant transactions which may
already be pending in the Land Registry against a particular
property
bullTrack progress of cases on-line
bullOrder certified copies of particular documents
bullLodge applications for registration ndash eForm 17
bullAvail of these services from 7am to 8pm Monday to Friday and
7am to noon on Saturdays
For professional users landdirectie operates on a subscription
basis Usernames and passwords are assigned There is no charge
for accessing the landdirectie but fees are payable for the actual
usage of the services provided
Since 2011 access has been extended to non-account holders as
211 279
until then landdirectie was available only to persons and
organisations that had opened and maintained an account with the
PRA Customers who wish to search maps and view the land
register (folios) on-line can do so without having to open and
maintain an account Payment is facilitated by a secure
creditdebit card transaction system
User can
Search by
National Land Register Land data Parcel address Parcel ID
Property coordinates Owner Map Known encumbrances
Registration of Deeds 100 of all Deeds since 1970
Access by
other MS
The same conditions apply to any party accessing
landdirectielanddirectie an account for a professional user would
be established or for non-professional user payment would be by
way of secure creditdebit transaction
National
legislation
The conclusiveness of the register is subject to certain limitations
under Section 72 of the Registration of Title Act 1964 A
certified copy of folio carries the state guarantee at time of
delivery
Language English Irish
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal Certificate
Payment Subscription for account holders or payment by secure
debitcredit transaction
Pilot project To follow
212 279
4816 IT
Registers on-
line
Land registers (Agenzia delle Entrate) Cadastre (Agenzia delle
Entrate)
Libro Fondiario (Provincia Autonoma di Trento Servizio Libro
Fondiario) - From 1910 to 2006 all data are reproduced on
microfilm From 2006 to 2011 100 of deeds and titles are on-
line 100 deeds and titles of the year 2012 will be on-line by
2014 100 deeds and titles of the year 2013 will be on-line by
2015
Access for the
following
users
Land Registers access to land registers is allowed to anyone
submitting a request with no need to demonstrate a legitimate
interest
Cadastre Cadastral information is allowed to anyone submitting
a request with no need to demonstrate a legitimate interest The
only limitation due to privacy reasons concerns the cadastral
plan
Registration
Authentication
process
LR lsquoOn-line land registers consultationrsquo To use that service it is
necessary to make a registration to the on-line financial services
of Poste Italiane (the Italian Postal Service) for the payment of
due taxes
Cadastre on-line services of Agenzia delle Entrate Free of
charge gives access to all the cadastral data including those
concerning the ownership
Cadastral and land registers databases
213 279
For registering it is necessary to specify the fiscal code and the
total amount resulting from the last individual income tax return
Following the registration the applicant receives a Pin code The
kind of access allowing the widest consultation mode through the
use of a special technical platform named Sister requires the
drawing up of a contractual agreement with the Agency That
agreement is necessary for any subject physical person or legal
entity private user or public institution Following the positive
result of the request of agreement the user will receive an
invitation to activate it taking possession of the personal
password as lsquoResponsible for the connectionrsquo This password will
also be used for on-line payment
User can
Search by
LR Parcel ID Owner (person or enterprise) Known
encumbrances Crossed search (parcel ID + owner) Search of
notes or titles
Cadastre Parcel address Parcel ID Owner (person or enterprise)
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
NA
Language Italian
Legal status of
the provided
information
No formal guarantee that the register is up to date
Payment LR Poste Italiane applies different commissions depending on
the chosen on-line payment method by charging on onersquos
account at Poste Italiane (Conto BancoPosta) through credit card
(Visa and Mastercard) through Postepay card bank transfer
Pilot project The answer to this question needs an involvement of upper
decision levels
4817 LT
Registers on-
line
Real Property Register Mortgage Register
214 279
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
To make search in the Real Property Register an Agreement for
the Provision of Information from the Real Property Cadastre and
Register must be signed with the State Enterprise Centre of
Registers Every professional user (civil servants notaries
registered lawyers members of the Bar credit and insurance
institutions justice (judges or experienced justice professionals))
is given an identification number which is being registered and a
password while a computer is given a code Only professional
users who are granted identification number can access the
Register
The intended purpose of use is indicated in the agreement for the
provision of information or in the application Third party
statements are included in the Agreement The SECR can grant
the right to the third party to distribute real property data under
the agreement
Access to the information of land register of the members of
EULIS through EULIS service is provided for Lithuanian users
on the basis of agreement on provision of information through the
EULIS A user is given an identification number which is being
registered and a password while a computer is given a code
Owners of real property can access the information about all their
owned or possessed property through the Self-Service offered by
the State Enterprise centre of Registers
httpwwwregistrucentrasltsavitarna If the owner of real
Nr Access to most relevant land data
YN Comments and possible restrictions
1 Civil servants Y for execution of the functions delegated by the state or for the provision of legal services prescribed in laws - registered users (on the basis of agreement)
2 Notaries Y for execution of the functions delegated by the state or for the provision of legal services prescribed in laws ndash registered users (on the basis of agreement)
3 Registered lawyers member of the Bar
Y for execution of the functions delegated by the state ndash registered users (on the basis of agreement)
4 Credit and insurance institutions Y for execution of the functions delegated by the state or for the provision of legal services prescribed in laws - registered users (on the basis of agreement)
5 Justice (judges or experienced justice professionals)
Y for execution of the functions delegated by the state ndash registered users (on the basis of agreement)
6 Access is already organised via EULIS or ELRN
Y For the members of EULIS on the basis of agreements on provision of information through the EULIS
7 Owners of real property Y Access to information about all their owned or possessed property
8 All users Y Access to the following information only Register No real property object name unique number address
215 279
property is a citizen of the Republic of Lithuania or a foreigner
who has been issued documents confirming personal identity in
the manner established by legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania
and if a person is a user of Internet banking system or a digital
certification centre heshe can access the Real Property Register
(Land Register) without any agreement A list of Internet banking
systems or digital certification centres as well as some other
authentication ways is provided before connection to the Real
Property Register
All users are allowed to make a public search in the Real Property
Register by address of property without any agreement or
authentication However such public search allows access only to
the following information Register No real property object
name unique number address A user is allowed to make up to
300 searches per day
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
According to the Regulations of the Real Property Register
approved by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania
lsquoRegister data shall be supplied to legal persons entities having
no status of a legal person their branch offices and
representations of the Member States of the European Union
countries of the European Economic Area and the third countries
as well as natural persons in the same manner as the data are
supplied to legal persons and natural persons of the Republic of
Lithuania unless this is in breach of the laws of the Republic of
Lithuania international treaties and other legal actsrsquo Therefore
the same categories of users as given in the table from other
Member States can receive access to the Real Property Register
on the basis of signed data provision agreements Every
professional user is given an identification number which is
being registered and a password while a computer is given a
code
In principle it could be assumed that confirmationverification
could be done by Member States from which the user originates if
there is an agreement with relevant institution and this issue
namely user categories is described in the agreement
Real Property Register
Mortgage Register
Search by name (YN) Y
Search by address (YN) Y
Search by property identification number (YN) Y
Search by map (YN) Y
Other Search by the name and code of a legal entity
Y
216 279
National
legislation
Communication of the data from the Real Property Register is
regulated in the following legal acts
1 Law on Legal Protection of Personal Data of the Republic of
Lithuania
2 Law on Real Property Register of the Republic of Lithuania
3 Regulations of the Real Property Register of the Republic of
Lithuania
Language Lithuanian for the users of EULIS service information is
provided in English
Legal status of
the provided
information
For all data in the Real Property Register Provided information is
a legal certificate It has the state guarantee at the time of delivery
and ndash according to the condition of the attached disclaimer ndash it is
valid for establishing a title of property
According to the Law on Real Property Register all data in the
Real Property Register shall be recognised as correct and
complete from the date of their entry into the Register unless
disputed in the manner prescribed by laws
Payment The Real Property Register data is provided for payment but with
exceptions established in the Law on State Registers of the
Republic of Lithuania and other laws The procedure for
calculating payment for the use of Register data is established by
the Government of the Republic of Lithuania
When information from the Central Databank of the Real
Property register is supplied to a computer of the data recipient
the agreement made between the data provider and recipient shall
specify the rights and responsibility of a data recipient the
purpose of data use other conditions and procedure
Natural persons or legal entities shall pay the following fee for the
use of Register data (1 EUR ndash 34528 LTL)
- For one search in the database ndash 1 Litas
- For displaying one entry of the Register on the screen when
information is transferred from the Central Databank to the
computer of data recipient under the terms and conditions
provided for the agreement between the data provider and
recipient ndash 2 Litas
- For the preparation of one excerpt from the Register ndash 5 Litas
217 279
- For displaying an extract of cadastral map with the real property
objects on the screen (when performing the following actions of
search in the database performing all searches of the real
property object on the cadastre map moving the map zooming in
and out displaying orthophoto map) under the terms and
conditions provided for in the agreement between the data
provider and recipient ndash 02 Litas
- For displaying the cadastre map of a land parcel when
information is transferred from the Central Databank to the
computer of the data recipient under the terms and conditions
provided for in the agreement between the data provider and
recipient ndash 2 Litas
- For displaying the cadastral data of a land parcel when
information is transferred from the Central Databank to the
computer of the data recipient under the terms and conditions
provided for in the agreement between the data provider and
recipient ndash 3 Litas
- For checking of the Cadastre and Register data on real property
object and formation of a note on data revision ndash 125 Litas
- For a copy of a plan of land parcel or structure A4 form ndash 3
Litas A3 form ndash 5 Litas
- For a print-out of a structure plan from the database A4 form ndash
5 Litas A3 form ndash 8 Litas A2 form ndash 10 Litas A1 form ndash 15
Litas A0 form ndash 20 Litas
- For a print-out of an extract from cadastral map from the
databank A4 form ndash 10 Litas A3 form ndash 12 Litas A2 form ndash 15
Litas A1 form ndash 20 Litas A0 form ndash 30 Litas
- For the preparation issue and certification of the copies of other
documents in the case files of cadastral surveying and the
Register ndash 5 Litas
If an agreement is made between the data provider and the data
recipient usually a post-paid model of payment is used ie an
invoice is issued on the basis of actions performed in the Real
Property Register by the data recipient Also an average monthly
and subscription fee for the provision of data can be applied for a
certain established amount of actions in the Real Property
Register In case of single requests the pre-paid payment model is
used
The most usual method of payment is money transfer made upon
218 279
the issued invoice In case of single requests a creditdebit card
can be used Under a separate agreement with the client we can
establish a direct debit
Pilot project Yes
4818 LU
Registers on-
line
Off-line 3 Bureaux des Hypothegraveques
Access for the
following
users
Luxembourg is ready to share land registry information within the
EU as soon as case land data will be available on-line As already
stated in Questionnaire Nr 1 this is currently not the case For
the moment all Land registry information is requested and
delivered in paper form at one of the three lsquoBureaux des
Hypothegravequesrsquo
Registration
Authentication
process
Off-line register
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Restrictions or different levels of access do not exist
National
legislation
NA
Language French
Legal status of
the provided
All provided land data information is a legal certificate as a
consequence in all cases provided information is a legal
Nr Land data Search is possible YN
Comments
1 Parcel address Y
2 Parcel ID Y
3 Property coordinates Y
4 Owner Y
5 Purchase price Y
YN
Search by name (YN) Y
Search by address (YN) N
Search by property identification number (YN) N
Search by map (YN) N
Search by national identity number Y
219 279
information certificate It has the state guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash
according to the condition of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid
for establishing a title of property
Payment A fee of 050 euro or of 074 euro is due for each copied page of
information delivered by the register
The fee is due at the moment of the delivery of information no
pre-payment and no post-payment
In principle payment in cash
Pilot project No
4819 LV
Registers on-
line
National Real Estate Cadastre Information System (Cadastre
Information System) State Address Register State Unified
Computerised Land Registry
Access for the
following
users
Cadastre Information System and State Address Register
Notaries Credit and insurance institutions Municipalities Utility
companies (water electricity etc) Real estate companies Law
enforcement (police etc) authorities Not in all cases to
Registered lawyers member of the Bar Justice (judges or
experienced justice professionals) Civil servants
State Unified Computerised Land Registry Everyone can access
but search available to police bailiffs government officials and
such
Registration
Authentication
process
Sign a contract and receive user ID and password
User can
Search by
State Unified Computerised Land Registry Everyone - by
property address property ID parcel ID cadastral number folio
number property name ndash fully excluding using person
identification data
Access by
other MS
Yes can search by address property identification number map
National
legislation
NA
220 279
Language Latvian Section names are available in English content is
available in Latvian only
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate for National Real Estate Cadastre Information
System (Cadastre Information System) State Address Register
State Unified Computerised Land Registry
Payment Post-paid + subscription (monthly) occasional (pre-paid) by
creditdebit card SMS payment internet banking
Pilot project No
4820 MT
Registers on-
line
No
Access Physical Form via e-mail answers are not official
Registration
Authentication
process
Special Form
User can
Search by
Parcel address Parcel ID Owner (person or enterprise) Map
Known encumbrances
Access by
other MS
Yes search only by Property identification number and Map
National
legislation
In Malta data entered in the Land Register is derived from public
deeds and is thus public However due consideration is
nonetheless given to the protection of data
Language Maltese English (as a general rule lsquoCertificates of Titlersquo are
issued in Maltese)
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificateNo formal guarantee
Payment Fee by cash or by cheque only
Pilot project No
221 279
4821 NL
Registers on-
line
Land Registers and registers for ships and planes
Base Registration of Cadastre
National base registry of topographic maps
National base registry of large scale maps
National register of public limitation on parcels
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
There is a difference between the submission of information (by
notaries judges) and the request for information In case of
submission the use of electronic certificates is required In case
of research and enquiries a one-side non-recurring payment or
transaction based on an agreed order form will be sufficient to get
access to the required information Since there is no distinction
made between the different categories of users there is no
specific authentication required Agreed order forms will be used
specifically in cases of bulk information or when information has
to be gathered in a specific format
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Search by name and by address Search by property identification
number map
National
legislation
Information can only be obtained if and when paid for by all
categories of users
222 279
Language Dutch
Legal status of
the provided
information
Formal guarantee cannot be given by the cadastre because of the
non-positive aspects of the Dutch system
Payment Money-transfer credit cards and direct debit
Pilot project Yes as within the European framework (with regard to both their
registry and mapping tasks) the Dutch cadastre already takes a
pioneerrsquos role in this respect (leading role within the CROBECO
and the IMOLA projects of ELRA)
4822 PL
Registers on-
line
New Land Book
Off-line Cadaster
Access for the
following
users
Access is available on-line for everybody
Registration
Authentication
process
Access is available on-line for everybody
User can
Search by
Landbook ID
Access by
other MS
Currently available for everybody
National
legislation
NA
Language Polish
Legal status of
the provided
information
NA
Payment No fees
Pilot project NA
223 279
4823 PT
Registers on-
line
National Land Registry Tax Id of the property Cadastre
Access for the
following
users
Civil servants Notaries Registered lawyers member of the Bar
Credit and insurance institutions Justice (judges or experienced
justice professionals) CROBECO (project and grants foreign
lawyers or notaries access to the Permanent Certificate (On-line)
or a Simplified land registry information (On-line))
Registration
Authentication
process
LR no need of an authentication process
Civil servants can access data base on agreement with the
Institute of Registries and Notaries
All others through
bullThe request of a Permanent Certificate (On-line) - To access the
permanent certificate user should enter wwwpredialonlinept fill
in the request and the system will provide an access code This
code allows the visualisation of information through the Internet
during the time period of the permanent certificate (1 year)
Although it is a pdf format it is not a frozen image of the registry
it is continuously updated as the pdf file is generated each time
the user accesses the information using the code
or
bullSimplified land registry information (On-line) via paying a fee -
It is automatically obtained from the land registry information
system It shows the essential elements of the description of the
immovable property of the person entitled to the propertyrsquos rights
and charges and indicates the existence of mortgages
attachments and any other encumbrances and charges as well as
the pending registry requests
User can
Search by
National Land Registry and Tax Id of the property Parcel ID
Cadastre Parcel address Parcel ID Property coordinates Map
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
Privacy granted by our Constitution - personal data protection
Only courts and judicial authorities can overcome this rule and
research the database by owners name to protect other
224 279
fundamental rights
Language Portuguese
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate Parcel ID (Land Registry) Owner (person or
enterprise) (Land Registry) Known encumbrances (Land
Registry)
Payment Fee - pre-paid on-line with VISA (and also trough a bank
reference payable at ATM and eBanking but this only can be
paid by a Portuguese bank account)
Pilot project Yes and fully available
4824 RO
Registers on-
line
Register of applications for land registry excerpts and notarial
deeds
GEOPORTAL - geometries cadastral number of the plot
Access Public notaries
Registration
Authentication
process
User name and password
User can
Search by
Land book number topographical number cadastral number
map
Access is limited to public notaries
Access by
other MS
No
National
legislation
According to art 29 from Law no 71996 the notarial deed on
which basis the real right is to be registered must be entered into
by a public notary performing only in Romania
Language Romanian
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate name charges encumbrances cadastral data of
systematic registration
No formal guarantee cadastral data of sporadic registration
Payment Fee is applicable where for Governmental Bodies it is free of
charge
225 279
Pilot project NA
4825 SE
Registers on-
line
Real property register (consist of both Cadastre and Land
register)
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
After the process of lsquoan agreement and an approved purpose of
usersquo the users get access to information with a User-ID and
password
User can
Search by
Nr Access to most relevant land data
YN Comments and possible restrictions
0 In the registration process the administrators as access to all information
Y Internal Lantmaumlteriet and a few big municipalities
1 Civil servants (state or municipal) Y To get access to the real property register the users need an agreement and for every user Lantmaumlteriet perform a purpose of use
2 Registered lawyers member of the Bar
Y To get access to the real property register the users need an agreement and for every user Lantmaumlteriet perform a purpose of use
3 Credit and insurance institutions Y To get access to the real property register the users need an agreement and for every user Lantmaumlteriet perform a purpose of use
4 Justice (judges or experienced justice professionals)
Y To get access to the real property register the users need an agreement and for every user Lantmaumlteriet perform a purpose of use
5 Access is already organised via EULIS or ELRN
Y Information
6a 6b
Private persons companies and organisations
Y To get access to the real property register the users need an agreement and for every user Lantmaumlteriet perform a purpose of use The Swedish register is accessible for private persons either by phone to customer service or by access to application with electronic id This is minor dissemination To organisations private and public companies through electronic dissemination either online or download Several different solutions which is the major dissemination for information from the real property register A lot of the dissemination is done through resellers Homepage httplantmaterietseenReal-Property
Nr Land data Search is possible YN
Comments
1 Parcel address Y
2 Parcel ID Y
3 Property coordinates Y Central points
4 Owner (person or enterprise) Y Only registration officers
5 Map Y Cadastral Index Map
6 Known encumbrances N
7 Purchase price N
8 Tax assessment value N
9 Mortgages Y Internal use only
226 279
Access by
other MS
Currently no In EULIS there is an agreement between the
participating countries If the user in a participating country has
access to the land register they also can access other participating
countries There is a trust between EULIS members
Companies from all 28 Member States that comply with the
purpose of use can access information Citizens (6b) in all
Member States can call customer service at Lantmaumlteriet and ask
for information
National
legislation
NA
Language Swedish headlines in English
Legal status of
the provided
information
In Sweden registration in the Land Register of titles leases
easements and other contractual encumbrance creates a legal
presumption Even if an acquisition has been registered a
question to whether the acquisition is invalid or for some other
reason cannot be asserted may be adjudicated When someone
acts in good faith and relying on register information he or she is
protected It will either secure a bona fide acquisition or entitle
the person to compensation for losses from the state
Payment For public use there is a Geodata sharing model for Swedish
public administration with a yearly fee depending on use
For commercial users is a transaction fee
For researchers there is a discount
For property owner with an electronic-ID access to own property
information is for free by a service lsquomy propertyrsquo
Pilot project Yes
4826 SI
Registers on-
line
The electronic Land Register (eZK)
YN
Search by name (YN) Only internal
Search by address (YN) Y
Search by property identification number (YN) Y
Search by map (YN) Y
Other (please specify)
227 279
Access for the
following
users
On the basis of the Land Register Act (ZZK-1) anybody has free
access to the Land Register through an internet portal of the
judiciary lsquoeZKrsquo (via wwwsodiscesi) Free access to all data is
enabled since 2012
This includes access to land certificates of each and every
currently valid as well as formerly valid real estate property data
that were deleted as a result of new entries in the Register (regular
and historical excerpt of the Land Register) data of each and
every implemented right (mortgages etc) and in cases of real
estate property notification on pending requests (seals) It also
includes data of the procedure status the content of petitions and
orders of the Land Register Court and appellate matters (until the
matter is final)
The system also allows for e-filing by qualified users
Registration
Authentication
process
External qualified users require a qualified digital certificate and a
safe electronic mail address for e-filing purposes They are also
able to perform e-filing in Land Register procedures
Qualified digital certificate can be obtained through providers
certified by the Ministry for Education Science and Sport
External qualified users are divided into two basic groups 1
independent external qualified users and authorised
representatives of an independent external user (also called
external administrators)
1Independent external qualified users are further on divided into
the following groups
a) Professional users These users have a position of a
(professional) representative or as a judicial body in civil legal
proceedings and are managed by an external administrator who
has to confirm their inclusion into the professional user group
They consist of the following users groups Notaries Attorneys
Bailiffs Administrators State Attorneys Office of the Republic
of Slovenia State Prosecutors Offices
b) Users ndash case parties These are users who have a position of
case parties to the proceedings in civil legal proceedings They
are self-managed and do not require approval of an external
administrator for their inclusion in the user group lsquoUser ndash case
228 279
partyrsquo
They include the following users groupsCase parties -
legal entities
Case parties ndash individuals
and State Authorities and Local Communities
2 External administrators These are users in the security scheme
who manage the users from their particular groups of the
professional users by confirming their inclusion in or exclusion
from these groups They typically do not execute e-tasks (and do
not act as participants in civil judicial proceedings) External
administrators are included in the security scheme by the Centre
for Informatics (at the Supreme Court) upon their request
Administrators of each group of professional users are
for the group of notaries Chamber of Notaries of
Slovenia
for the group of lawyers Bar Association of Slovenia
for the group of bailiffs Chamber of Bailiffs of Slovenia
for the group of insolvency administrators Slovenian
Chamber of Insolvency Administrators
for the groups of the State Attorneys Office of the
Republic of Slovenia and municipal attorneys offices
State Attorneys Office of The Republic of Slovenia
for the group of state prosecutors offices Supreme
Prosecutors Office of the Republic of Slovenia and
7 for the group of real estate companies Ministry for
Environment and Spatial Planning
User can
Search by
229 279
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
NA
Language Slovenian
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate
Payment No fee
Pilot project Yes
4827 SK
Registers on-
line
Land Registry Information System
The relevant land data is viewable in off-line mode for everybody
on Cadastral portal But nobody (except administrators) has on-
linedirect access to them at the moment
Access for the
following
users
Registration
Authentication
process
NA
User can
Search by
Nr Access to most relevant land data
YN Comments and possible restrictions
1 Civil servants N In 2015
2 Notaries N In 2015
3 Registered lawyers member of the Bar
N In 2015
4 Credit and insurance institutions N In 2015
5 Justice (judges or experienced justice professionals)
N In 2015
6 Access is already organised via EULIS or ELRN
N In 2015
Nr Land data Search is possible YN
Comments
1 Parcel ID Y
2 Property coordinates Y
3 Owner (person or enterprise) Y Trustee tenant
4 Map Y
5 Known encumbrances N
230 279
Access by
other MS
NA
National
legislation
The only restricted details are personal identification number of
the owner and the property price These are available for the
property owner only
Collection of cadastral documents is available only for property
owners their legal predecessors or other eligible persons as well
as for geometers Detailed description of who is authorized to
access various cadastral data is specified in the Cadastral Act
1621995
Language Slovak The information could be provided in a national minority
language this is possible only in specific regions where
population of national minority is at least 20
Legal status of
the provided
information
Provided information reproduces the content of the register at the
time of delivery however there is no formal guarantee that the
register is up to date and corresponds to the legal reality regarding
the establishment of a property title therefore the provided
information is not valid as property title and cannot be used for
this purpose
Through the Cadastral Portal users are able to search and
download Ownership Documents These however have only
informative character If users want to use the Ownership
Documents for legal purposes they must gomail to the regional
District Office Cadastral Department and have them officially
certified
Ownership Document contains information about owner(s)
property details acreage manner of acquisition of property and
encumbrances It is also possible to view a map of the required
property on the Cadastral Portal
Payment Searching through the Cadastral portal is free of charge
However obtained information (eg Ownership Document) has
only informative character For having that information officially
certified one must pay a fee as it is stated in the Act on
Administrative Fees According to this Act only state
YN
Search by name (YN) Y
Search by address (YN) N
Search by property identification number (YN) Y
Search by map (YN) Y
Other (please specify) Search by undetermined owners by Ownership Document by construction by Apartmentnon-flat space
231 279
administration bodies of Slovak Republic have in some cases free
access to this kind of information Also cadastral authority does
not charge in the case of acts necessary for the inheritance
proceedings and for the protection of national cultural heritage
The whole list of who and under which circumstances is exempt
from the payment is stated in the aforementioned Act
The fee for issuing of a copy of the original of an Ownership
Document is 8euro The fee for issuing of a copy from the cadastral
map is 8euro as well These are the two most common requests Of
course there are other charges for services which are mentioned
in the Act on Administrative Fees 1451995
(httpwwwzakonypreludiskzz1995-145)
It is either payment on the spot (when you personally attend the
local cadastral office) or pre-paid if using money transfer
According to the Act on Administrative Fees available payment
methods are revenue stamp cash creditdebit card and money
transfer However in reality only two methods are in use
Revenue stamp and money transfer
Pilot project No
4828 UK
48281 England and Wales
Registers on-
line
Register of title Register of cautions against first registration
Land Charges Registers
Access for the
following
users
The registers are open registers Anyone can sign up for a Land
Registry business e-services account to gain on-line access
provided they agree to pay by direct debit They will be given
access to the Land Registry portal to apply for copies of the
registers and plans and for copies of documents referred to in the
register or documents held by the registrar in connection with an
application
Registration
Authentication
process
lsquoFind a propertyrsquo service for citizens ndash Private citizens must
register for a Property Search User account On-line they must
provide their name address (including country) email address a
user name and a password Citizens must have a credit or debit
card in order to pay the fees for services used Those payments
232 279
are processed for the Land Registry by RBS Worldpay
The citizenrsquos Property Search User Account will automatically be
cancelled without prior notice on or after six months after the
account was last used A citizen must then re-register to use the
service again
Land Registry business e-services portal account ndash all business
customers who wish to use on-line services must first register for
portal services A single application covers an entire legal entity
including all departments branches and sub offices All
organisations using Land Registry Business e-services must have
at least one variable direct debit account set up with their bank for
the payment of Land Registry fees They must complete an
application form giving details of their organisation and
nominating an lsquoadministratorrsquo and a lsquoresponsible personrsquo They
can also nominate deputy administrators and responsible persons
The application form must be printed out completed and sent to
Land Registry in paper format The organisation confirms that the
use of the portal service is governed by the lsquoPortal conditions of
usersquo which are published on the website
Once the Land Registry has used the information in the
application form to create an account we will send the
administrator(s) a security token The Entrust IdentityGuard Mini
Token is a high-quality one time password (OTP) device
designed to help provide strong versatile authentication The
security token provides an additional level of security over and
above the administrators user ID and password A different
unique PIN number is generated by the token each time the
administrator presses the button (hence lsquoone timersquo) For a limited
period of time that PIN number is synchronised with the PIN
number for that token in Land Registrys credential database in its
hardware security module When administrators attempt to log on
to the Land Registry network via the portal they are prompted to
enter the PIN number generated by the token If the entered PIN
number is correct they are granted access to the system The token
is durable against normal wear and tear with an expected battery
life between six and eight years No additional software needs to
be installed to support the use of OTP tokens
The token will allow the administrator to access the new portal
account and set up the individual users from the organisation who
will use the service Each individual user will have a user ID
allocated and a temporary password that they must change The
individual users do not need a token to use the services only their
233 279
user ID and password The administrator needs the token only to
undertake administrator tasks as setting up new user accounts and
closing old ones (If the administrator also wants to use Land
Registry services she must set themselves up as a user with a
different user ID and password The two roles are separate and the
role based access will limit the services that can be used in each
ID)
The administrator responsible person and deputy roles are set up
and managed by Land Registry In the case of other users it will
be the responsibility of the organisation to allocate one of a
number of predefined roles to each user and to instruct their
administrator accordingly so that the administrator can create an
appropriate account for that user The allocated role will dictate
the services that the user has permission to access when they log
on and can only be changed by an administrator (For instance
some users may only be given access to information services ndash
copies of registers documents and searches ndash while other
qualified and experienced staff might be given access to use
applications that can change the register) This is for the
organisation to decide
Land Registry has created the role of responsible person and
deputy responsible to assist conveyancers and other organisations
with the proper supervision of their practices as required by their
regulators by statute or by good practice The responsible
person and deputy responsible person will have access to an on-
line Land Registry report which will list actions taken by the
administrator in the previous 30 days This activity can be
checked regularly for supervision purposes and to make sure the
administrator is not giving access to persons that should not have
it
There is no sign-up charge for portal services only standard fees
for the use of individual services
Land Registry Business Gateway ndash Customers who are using a
case management system may be able to gain access through an
XML interface (Business Gateway) that links their case
management system to the services If the customerrsquos case
management system provider does offer this service and the
customer wishes to use it the responsible person must apply
through Land Registry Customer Support for the necessary
technical connections to be made Land Registry Business
Gateway uses a certificate-based mutual SSL connection
234 279
Otherwise the same conditions apply as for portal use
There is no sign-up fee for Business Gateway only standard fees
for the use of individual services
User can
Search by
Searches of the register of title can only be made by title number
or property address not by the name of the proprietor
If the customer does not know the title number or address they
can use our MapSearch facility a free on-line map to establish
whether land and property in England or Wales is registered and
obtain title numbers and details of freehold or leasehold tenure
Or for a guaranteed result they can request a Search of the Index
Map The Index Map kept by the registrar as a means of
establishing whether land is affected by a registered estate if so
its title number or whether land is affected by a caution against
first registration
Only a limited number of people can search by proprietorrsquos name
mostly in connection with court proceedings insolvency and tax
liability These limitations to searching by name of the proprietor
do not apply if the proprietor is a company
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
There is no reason why users from other Member States should
not have access to our Information Services to obtain copies of
the registers and documents However the Legal Services Act
2007 limits those who can undertake reserved legal activities to
persons qualified and regulated by professional bodies in England
and Wales Conveyancing activities related to the Land
Registration Act 2002 are reserved legal activities So it is
possible that if a notary from another Member States made an
Register of title
Register of cautions
against first registration
Land Charges
Registers
Search by name (YN) N N Y
Search by address (YN) Y (to find title number)
Y (to find title number)
N
Search by property identification number (YN)
Y Y N
Search by map (YN) Y (to find title numbers associated with parcel of land)
Y (to find title numbers associated with parcel of land
N
Other (please specify)
235 279
application for registration to the Land Registry of England and
Wales that might be a breach of the Legal Services Act 2007 But
applying for copies of the registers and documents would not
breach that Act
Language English Welsh for land in Wales
Legal status of
the provided
information
Register of title ndash official copies - provided information is a legal
certificate It has the state guarantee at the time of delivery and ndash
according to the condition of the attached disclaimer ndash it is valid
for establishing a title of property But an applicant for
registration of a conveyancing transaction must protect the
priority of their future application by means of an official search
of the title from and including the date of the official copies of
the register The official search with priority will give priority to
the protected application for a period of 30 business days
Provided information reproduces the content of the register at the
time of delivery however there is no formal guarantee that the
register is up to date and corresponds to the legal reality regarding
the establishment of a property title therefore the provided
information is not valid as property title and cannot be used for
this purpose
Register of cautions against first registration - The caution
relates to unregistered land so the registrar cannot be certain as to
the validity of the interest until first registration of the land
affected Then the registrar will serve notice on the cautioner of
the first registration and the cautionerrsquos right to object to it The
register does not establish title to property Instead it warns of
claims relating to the unregistered land
Land Charges registers - The registers relate to unregistered
land They provide evidence of certain encumbrances relating to
that land They do not establish title to land
Agricultural Charges register - The register provides evidence
of Agricultural charges only given by individual farmers It does
not establish title to land
Payment Currently payment arrangements might prevent foreign users
from having a business e-services account The user must be able
to make an arrangement to pay be variable direct debit so must
have a bank account in England and Wales Alternatively to use
the Find a Property service they must pay be debit or credit card
for each service But if the EU Justice system provided
236 279
arrangements for payment this should not be a problem
Fees are paid in accordance with the current Land Registration
Fee Order 2013
Pre-paid by creditdebit card ndash Find a Property public service
Post-paid by variable direct debit ndash Business e-services
Pilot project Yes subject to the approval of the Directors
48282 Scotland
Registers on-
line
LR General Register of Sasines Crofting Register
Access for Civil servants Notaries Registered lawyers - member of the Bar
Credit and insurance institutions Justice (judges or experienced
justice professionals) Everyone
Registration
Authentication
process
Require credit worthiness checks while group lsquoEveryonersquo can
obtain access by individual request and reply on-line
User can
Search by
LR Parcel address Property coordinates Owner (person or
enterprise) Map Known encumbrances
Purchase price ndash only as off-line request
Access by
other MS
Yes and their validity could be checked via their home state
Can search by name address property ID ndeg map
National
legislation
No
Language English
Legal status of
the provided
information
Legal certificate Land Register Crofting Register
No formal guarantee General Register of Sasines
Payment Direct Debit through our on-line portal
Pilot project In the future
237 279
48283 Northern Ireland
Registers on-
line
Land Registry Northern Ireland Registry of Deeds Statutory
Charges Register
Access for the
following
users
Registry of Deeds Registry of Deeds and Statutory Charges
Register via Landweb
Registration
Authentication
process
Yes ndash must register with Land Registry ndash User ID and Password
required to access Landweb
User can
Search by
Access by
other MS
Yes
National
legislation
Not Applicable
Language English
238 279
Legal status of
the provided
information
Information guaranteed on date and at time of delivery only
Payment Fees are payable for land information ndash they are governed by
Statute ndash the Land Registry Fees Order and Registry of Deeds
Fees Order Payment can be made by cashsuspense
accountcreditdebit cards
Pilot project Not at this time because of the existence of our private finance
initiative contract (a way of creating lsquopublicndashprivate partnershipsrsquo
by funding public infrastructure projects with private capital)
which would make interconnection particularly complex and
costly for us
239 279
49 Interview Reports
491 Interview with EULIS
ProjectSub-project FS Land Register interconnection
Author Schmitz Patrice-Emmanuel
Type of document Meeting Minutes
Client European Commission
ndash DG JUST
Inf EULIS Meeting 6th November 2013
ReferencePage FSLandReg MM-20131106V00doc
Date 6th November 2013
Place EULIS ndash Appeldoorn NL
Participants EULIS MM R Wouters amp G Leenders
Unisys MM D Huys amp P-E Schmitz
Eulis is a specific legal entity formed as an lsquoEuropean Interest Grouprsquo Only (European)
States can become member of Eulis This does not mean EU Member States (some others can
be members ie Norway Macedonia) Eulis has now 10 members
The idea of providing a European land register information service through an electronic web
platform came in 2002 and looked then promising in order to facilitate trans-European
exchange of real estate information
The Eulis service standardise and facilitates the exchange of information (but all information
is stored in national data bases nothing is stored on Eulis and Eulis ensures no money flow)
Eulis provides the link the bridge plus a glossary for helping users to understand the
information (in case it is not provided in English by the owner)
Unfortunately the crisis came as from 2007 and the number of trans-border transactions
reduced strongly It is difficult to motivate and attract new members
Therefore the Eulis service is now facing serious issues
The number of lsquoinformation transactionsrsquo delivered via Eulis is currently very
low most probably less than 10 a week according to our understanding) Eulis is
therefore not sustainable very long and is not lsquoon the radarrsquo of real estate
professionals (ie notaries banks lawyers insurance companies) that prefer to
using their local agents correspondents or branches
The yearly contribution (20000 euro per Member State) that is necessary to maintain
Eulis alife is therefore not recovered by invoicing transactions
Although the portal is user friendly (easy to use) the service is not attractive
enough due to the poor quantity of information delivered in particular the non-
legal information lsquoaroundrsquo a real estate is not available environmental projects at
local level zoning plans maps etc Presently the lsquolegal informationtextrsquo is the
only one that may be obtained
240 279
Ideally the delivered information should go beyond the simple legal information that
a parcel number exists has a certain surface or is owned by X but in the current
situation even the mere ABC information42
is not always available
What is needed would be a real lsquoproperty reportrsquo including
Pictures
Environmentsituation
Price
Tax value
Value obtained for lsquosimilarrsquo goods in the same location and market
Important States are not connected (ie Germany France Belgium that is important
for Dutch customers Italyhellip) Some States do not have their own central portal
(Germany France)
Some States offer their services for free (ie SK) therefore they will never find an
economic justification for financing Eulis (20000 euro yearly) as the service does not
provide any income
In some States the legal framework (ie privacy regilation) does not allow to provide
the information
In some States the information is fragmented between
Kadaster (fortunetax management Min of Finance ie in Italy)
Land register (often managed by Min of Justice)
Othercombined (ie environmental data managed by other Min)
There is another major stakeholder playing in the field ELRA (European Land Register
Association) dedicated to EU MS (all except DK) Beyond its role of representing the
national Land Registers facing European Policies (lobbying being consulted in case new
regulation has implications) ELRA is also developing lsquoservicesrsquo through the ELRN
(European Land Register Network)
42 ABC A=Property (location) B=Ownership C=Mortgages other
241 279
A Help desk to support professionals facing trans-border requests
An lsquoapplicationrsquo for providing information which may appear as a competitor
for Eulis (ie informing the purchaser of a house in Spain that there are
lsquohidden chargesrsquo the new owner may have to pay all pending invoices in case
the previous owner has not paid them)
In this framework ELRA that is facing the same difficulties as Eulis to achieve LR
interoperability is also at the origin of the lsquoImola Projectrsquo43
(in cooperation with Eulis) in
order to
Define the legal conditions for access to LR information Propose a set of
common rules based on userrsquos profiles kind of searches purpose and data
required
Describe a common structure for a template about LR Information whose
guidelines will be based on information of different MS
o Decide what data are relevant for the template
o Find a minimum common denominator of data
Develop the assistance tools that complement access to the LR Information
Three level of assistance will be developed
o A glossary to facilitate the translation of the template into the official
languages
o A set of reference information comprising fact sheets
o Individual report through the experts of the ELRN network
The issue of authentication this is now based on lsquomutual trustrsquo if a country recognizes lsquoXrsquo as
an lsquoentitled personrsquo (ie a notary) then the other Eulis Members accept
The problem is that the definition of some professions (ie real estate agent) are not
standardized in all countries and that even lsquoISO professionsrsquo (like notaries) have not the
same authorisations in all countries In addition there is little security regarding the cleanup
of lists (X could be registered in 2013 but not anymore in 2014hellip) This is a potential future
challenge for e-Justice building and maintaining a central authentication system for all
justice professionals depending on the various national professional registers
43 wwweurocadastreorgpdfirish_conferenceInteroperabilityppt
242 279
492 Interview with ELRA
ProjectSub-project FS Land Register interconnection
Author Schmitz Patrice-Emmanuel
Type of document Meeting Minutes
Client European Commission
ndash DG JUST
Inf ELRA Assembly visit 10th December 2013
ReferencePage FSLandReg MM-20131210V00doc
Date 10th December 2013
Place Scotland House ndash Schumann 6 ndash Brussels
Participants ELRA (60 persons) + COM (Dick Heimans Stephan Matyk) + EULIS (R
Wouters G Leenders)
Unisys P-E Schmitz
After discussing specific ELRA and ELRN matters Dick Heimans (COM) presented the
feasibility study
The most challenging question for participants seems to be lsquoWhich one out of the 3 optionsrsquo
However the lsquohowrsquo will result from the main principle questions lsquoWho accepts to share
what and to whom and at what costrsquo
Another COM member Stephan Matyk (Stephanmatykeceuropaeu) presented the
proposal for a regulation Ndeg 10242012 where standard forms are proposed in 12 domains
including (i) real estate In fact the Parliament rapporteur plans to extend to 15 forms
5 standard forms are already annexed to the proposed Regulation Question to ask to Mr
Matyk lsquois there a draft for real estatersquo
Other contact mariavilar-badiaeceuropaeu DG Justice A1
Important glossary term to insert in our study the proposition is about simplifying
lsquoAcceptancersquo This is different from lsquoRecognitionrsquo It is formal it means that the foreign
authority must accept the document without requesting for additional forms like an Apostille
a translation of the standard form etc While Recognition is about the content considering
that the content corresponds to the legal truth
This point is to consider when the requested LR will return information (what use could you
make of it is it lsquoaccepted as isrsquo in court
Other important distinction between the lsquoLand registryrsquo institution which is implemented by
the state for the sake of the market (to secure and authenticate real estate transactions) and the
lsquoCadasterrsquo that is born as an institution of the state for the state to enable territorial taxation
Additional information
The use of Graphical databases is not yet compulsory in registration procedures
What about urban planning and environmental constraints They have a legal origin outside
the registry Therefore the policy is to link to the source only
Nothern Ireland register of deeds is text based (no maps)
243 279
The land register is map based From 2004 to 2019 British Telecom will transform it from
paper to IT lsquoLandwebrsquo which has direct access customers for folios and maps on line
3 developments are ongoing e-signature payments discharges + digitalisation of Deeds
archives
493 Interview with France
ProjectSub-project FS Land Register interconnection
Author Schmitz Patrice-Emmanuel
Type of document Meeting Minutes
Client European Commission
ndash DG JUST
Inf France Meeting 16th July 2014
ReferencePage FSLandReg MM-20160516V00doc
Date 16th July 2014
Place Teleconference
Participants Etienne Lepage DGFIP - Bureau GF3A -
etiennelepagedgfipfinancesgouvfr
Freacutedeacuterique Nion DGFIP - Bureau GF3A -
frederiqueniondgfipfinancesgouvfr
Pascale Baranger DGFIP pascalebarangerdgfipfinancesgouvfr
Jean-Franccedilois Mellet ndash Min Justice - FrancoisMelletjusticegouvfr
Marie WALAZYC ndash Min Justice - MarieWalazycjusticegouvfr
DE-MOUSSAC Brigitte ndash Min Justice - BrigitteDe-Moussacjusticegouvfr
Patrice-E Schmitz (Unisys)
Rein Geerdes (Unisys)
4931 Overview of the LR situation in France
France meaning all departements except 3 (2 forming the region Alsace and the Moselle)
reports (on its e-Justice page) that lsquo354 French property registers exist (Deed system
one for each Service de publiciteacute fonciegravere) They are independent of each other and there
is no interaction between them Moreover in France there is no Internet portal that allows
people to consult these registersrsquo
However these services are managed by the Ministry of Finances (DGFI) and the French
administration has consolidated access to land data through two lsquoapplicationsrsquo that are
lsquonationalrsquo (except AlsaceMoselle)
FIDJI (made for both justiceproperty security and fiscal needs) provides consulting
access to property titles (from all local registers) but access is reserved to the
administration Parcels are identified by cadastral number
MAJIC (cadastre file for fiscal purpose) maintains departemental files
In addition the Hyposcan file provides access to scanned acts (only as from 2004)
There is no lsquocentral filersquo behind these two applications land data are managed locally in the
354 services for property data and in 98 relevant French deacutepartements (101-3) Therefore no
global search on the property of a person is possible for all queries requesters have to start
with the name of the municipality
244 279
Access to MAJIC FIDJI amp Hyposcan is reserved to administration only The Fiscal
administration interfaces requests from public and professionals (providing them with
asynchronous answers)
However there is a specific access to a subset of MAGIC via the SPDC (serveur
professionnel de donneacutees cadastrale) which is on-line for notaries and geometers and
provide access to a subset of cadastral data
Authentication based on a register linked to their professional organisations
It is the office (lrsquoEtude) of the Notaries and Geometers that receive an access and is
therefore registered in the professional register (annuaire) managed by the DGFI Each
office has to providewithdraw accesses (IDPassword) for its professional staff
It is stated that on-line access is reserved for French notaries only (Q22) because the access
is necessary to comply with French law publicity (obtaining the lsquomodegravele 1rsquo extract)
A certain centralisation of data is in progress as from 2004 (10 years) the BNDP The
lsquoBanque Nationale de Donneacutees Patrimonialersquo is a database reproducing a subset of the
above applications (FIDJI amp MAJIC) Access is reserved to lsquoauthorised agentsrsquo that are
members of the administration only (Q121) The BNDP is on-line for lsquothe competent
administrationrsquo (Q2 p5)
4932 Situation in AlsaceMoselle
Three departements (Moselle and the two departements of Bas Rhin amp Haut Rhin forming
the Alsace region) have their own land register regime (Title system managed for the
Ministry of Justice) where all land data are centralised into a unique file AMALFI
Justice professionals (notaries bailiffs geometers and municipalities) have on-line access
(others send asynchronous requests)
No authentication is needed for the lsquoImmeublersquo dataauthentication foreseen for the
lsquopersonnersquo and lsquoannex datarsquo
4933 The processing of requests
As a result of questionnaires there is a clear difference between AlsaceMoselle (AMALFI
system) and other parts of France AMALFI delivers copies electronically lsquofor simple
information purposersquo The delivery of a legal certificate is done also but on paper only
For the rest of France no synchronouson-line access is currently possible to MAJIC amp
FIDJI even for justice professionals notaries etc at the exception of SPDC (where on-line
requests are for free) The barriers are both legal (existing on-line access to SPDC are
reserved to French notaries and geometers) and technical (this looks not relevant as just
depending of resources for upgrading servers capacity)
245 279
Therefore requests are off-line they must be send to the DGFI and The DGFI processes 6
million requests yearly
The payment of a fee is requested for the processing of these asynchronous requests (see Q2
p22) Fees are different for files managed by the DGFI (Min Finances) and AMALFI
Concerning the Q3 Technical answers are relevant for the AMALFI system only It is on-
line (99 availability) processing 150000 requests monthly (1700 unique users) and it
would be able to support twice this amount
AMALFI contains no cartography (is not INSPIRE compliant)
Authentication (justice professionals notaries etc ) is done via a specific smart card for the
on-line access to AMALFI No authentication for the public sending asynchronous requests
The attribution of the specific smart card is done on request (Form signed by the user AND
by his professional body)
Concerning payments (Q2 p22) see Q3 (in English) ndash this is for AMALFI
The DGFI accepts payment by bank card (all business cards) by SEPA transfer and by the
traditional cheques
For each transaction there is one payment and one invoice (no globalisation no monthly
global invoice etc) but frequent users have the possibility to lsquopre-payrsquo an amount on a
lsquoreserversquo that will allow to send information requests and works like a lsquodebit cardrsquo (until the
total amount is spent)
4934 List of national land registers and their organisation
MS Register Responsible
organisation
State of
digit
Online Interconnection
candidate
The land registration
in France is strictly
ruled by the civil law
but there is no
national and unique
register
As a matter of fact
the land registration
in France is split in
354 local registers
known as lsquoservices de
la publiciteacute fonciegraverersquo
Thus for
each town a
property
register is
managed by
the local land
registration
service
100 No No on-line
interconnection
possible
Interconnection
could be
technically based
on asynchronous
requests
response to an
agreed query
form
FIDJI (made for both
justiceproperty
security and fiscal
needs) is an
application for
providing consulting
DGFI (Min of
Finance)
But no data
are stored
centrally
Deeds are
100 No The DGFI
processes 6
million requests
yearly
Asynchronous
246 279
access to transactions
(from the 354 local
registers) but access
is reserved to the
administration
Parcels are identified
by cadastral number
stored in each
of the 354
lsquoservice de
publiciteacute
fonciegraverersquo
connection
(based on an
agreed form) is
technically
possible but
depending on a
political decision
MAJIC (cadastre file
for fiscal purpose)
maintains
departemental files
DGFI (Min of
Finance)
But no data
are stored
centrally
Data are
stored in each
of the 93
relevant
departments
100 No See above (both
applications
FIDJI amp MAGIC
are used to
address the
6000000
requests)
Hyposcan file
provides access to
scanned acts (only as
from 2004)
DGFI (Min of
Finance)
100 as
from
2004
No No The
application
provides scanned
images of deeds
only
AMALFI
(AlsaceMoselle
only)
3 departments (out of
101)
Ministry of
Justice
100 Yes YES no specific
authentication is
needed for
lsquoImmeublesrsquo
inqueries
For Persons and
Annexes
inquiries
SPDC (serveur
professionnel de
donneacutees cadastrales)
This is not a register
but a server providing
access to a subset of
data covered by the
MAJIC application
(cadaster)
DGFI 100
(limited
cadastral
subset)
Yes NO
This is the only
lsquoOn-Linersquo
access but it is
reserved to the
lsquoregistered
officesrsquo of
French notaries
and geometers
It provides only
access based on
some criteria
- knowing the
location
(commune)hellip
- the cadastral
reference
- the name of the
owner
247 279
- The document
number
(document
drsquoarpentage)
4935 Title vs deed systems
MS Title Deeds Remarks
No
(except
Alsace
Moselle)
Yes Deeds are kept in the 354 lsquoservices de publiciteacute
fonciegraverersquo (there are several services per French
department corresponding to the historic
lsquoarrondissementsrsquo)
Yes (in
Alsace
Moselle
No The Alsace region includes the two departements of
Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin Moselle is a third
department This area is still regulated by German law
principles as the Land Register was implemented
under Prussian domination between 1871 and 1918
4936 Land register data comparison tables
49361 Parcel address and ID
MS Register Parcel address Parcel ID Comments
Present Search Present Search
FIDJI No No Yes yes This is the cadastral
parcel number (the
same that is used as
key for searching
MAJIC)
MAJIC Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hyposcan No No No No The references of the
scanned act are the
unique keys
AMALFI Yes Yes Yes Yes
49362 Property coordinates and map
MS Register Coordinates Map Comments
Present Search Present Search
FIDJI No No No No Except via the
cadastral reference
MAJIC No No No No Except via the
cadastral reference
AMALFI Yes Yes No No
49363 Owner
MS Register Owner Comments
Present Search