dh - dental health

7/27/2019 DH - Dental Health

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Dental Health in

VeterinaryMedicine



What do animals use their

teeth for?

Chewing Catching prey

Self defense



What do vets look for in

animal teeth? Look for signs of disease

Look for broken and/or missing teeth

Look for occlusal relationships* Approximate the age of the animal



How about these?*See slide note



Do animals get dental

disease? Periodontal disease affects 85% of

cats and dogs over 5 years of age



How can veterinarians tell if ananimal has tooth pain?

*



What can dental disease do

to my pet?

Cause pain

Result in tooth loss Make eating difficult

Lead to infections

Lead to inactivity



What causes periodontal

disease?

* *

Bacteria forms plaqueson the teeth

Plaque hardens to formcalculus

Plaque starts to touch

the gums Bacteria and immune system

release destructive chemicals

Destroys the attachment of thetooth to the gum

http://www.vetwest.com.au/



Healthy gums

Pink gums

Smooth

Shiny

*



Stage 1 – Periodontal

disease

Red gums Swollen gums



Stage 2 – Periodontal

disease

Infection around the

teeth

Shallow pockets

Bone loss



Stage 3 & 4 – Periodontal

disease

Deep pockets Bone loss

Loose teeth

*



How can we prevent

periodontal disease? Any ideas?

*



How can I help my pet?

Brush your pet’s teeth! Lift lips

Rub their gums and teeth Brush gently with a finger

brush or soft toothbrush

Brush gently with pet

toothpaste on thefingerbrush or toothbrush

*

Get your vet to show you how and do it onlyunder parental supervision so you don’t

cause harm.



Pet toothpaste

Some is flavored to tastelike food

Does not contain fluoride.DO YOU KNOW WHY?

Contains enzymes. DOYOU KNOW WHY?

*



Gumabones®

Pet chew toys



Havaball Chew Toy

Pet chew toys



C.E.T HEXtra Chews•Rawhide delivers mechanical

action that abrades plaque from

teeth above the gum line.

•Saliva releases Chlorhexidine to

provide sustained antiseptic action

to eliminate placque-forming

bacteria

C.E.T. Dual Enzyme Chews•

Rawhide delivers mechanicalaction that abrades plaque from

teeth above the gum line.

• Dual Enzyme System is activated

by saliva to produce

Hypothiocyanite ions which

eliminates placque-forming bacteria.

Pet chew toys



Goat Hoof



Toothpaste Enzymes

Enzymes are target specific (they only breakdown specific kinds of starches or proteins)

The manufacturer may not always explain on

the label what kinds of enzymes are in thetoothpaste. How well they work in the toothpaste may be

debatable.

Enzymes are proteins. For more about how they affectfood, see our Web curriculum modules on digestion:http://peer.tamu.edu/curriculum_modules/OrganSystems/module_2/

whatweknow2.htm

http://peer.tamu.edu/curriculum_modules/OrganSystems/module_2/whatweknow2.htm






Demo on protective effect offluoride



What about cavities?

Do dogs and cats get cavities? … notusually.

Do you know why? There are twomain reasons. Hint: cavities arecaused by bacteria growing on

trapped food.

*



Dental Research

Better technology for braces

Laser imaging for diagnosing early-

stage periodontal disease

Zapping diseased gums with lasers

Improved implants for missing teeth

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_implant

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_implant



Human Dental Care: Brushing

Brush after every meal,certainly before andafter a night’s sleep.

Rinse well. Bacteria in the mouth

ends up irritating thegums, gettinginto bloodstream.



Human Dental Care: Brushing

People with gum disease are more likelyto have hardened arteries, heart attack,stroke, and even diabetes.

Teeth should be cleaned twice a year in adentist’s office.



Insert strip of flossbetween each pairof teeth.

Work back andforth, up and down.

Rinse (note if yousee residue evenafter brushing) Seeanimation

Human Dental Care: Flossing

http://www.seattle-dentist.com/flossing.htm






Water Picks

Direct spray betweeneach pair of teeth and

front and back surfaces.

Note if any residue appears in thewater as it drains out of your

mouth. If brushing and flossingdon’t get it all, you may need touse water picks routinely.



Example NIH

Research inDentistry

Using bacterial gene

sequences to identify strainsthat cause rapid tooth decay.

*



Plan for the study

Oral bacteria in a large group of racially/ethnicallydiverse children will be tested to see if thebacterial gene sequence can predict which childrenwill get severe cavities.

Filling of an old cavity

New cavityforming



Expected benefit

Early identification of children at riskcan lead to vigorous preventivetreatment.

Teeth of such children can be sealedshortly after teeth emerge.

Molar tooth showing deep grooves that

act as traps for food and bacteria.

Molar tooth with grooves filled withprotective sealant



May I answer your questions?

dh - dental health

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