diabetes and heart disease.pps medical hand book-1 from er.sulthant
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Medical Hand Book-1From: Er.Sulthan
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Health Manager
Diabetes
andHeart Disease
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What is diabetes?
Your body changes most of the food you eat into glucose (a
form of sugar). Insulin is a hormone produced by the
pancreas that allows glucose to enter all the cells of your
body and be used as energy.
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when a persons body
doesnt make enough insulin or cant use insulin properly.
When you have diabetes, the sugar builds up in your blood
instead of moving into the cells. Too much sugar in theblood can lead to serious health problems, including heart
disease and damage to the nerves and kidneys.
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2 types of diabetes.Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body doesnt
produce anyinsulin. In type There are 2 diabetes, the body either
doesnt produce enough insulin or
the cells ignore the insulin.
Nearly 95% of people who are diagnosed with
diabetes have type 2 diabetes.
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What does diabetes have to dowith heart disease?
People who have diabetes aremore likely to get heart disease.When you have diabetes, yourblood sugar level is often muchhigher than it should be. Toomuch sugar in the blood cancause damage to many parts ofthe body, including blood
vessels. Some lifestyle habitsmay also raise the risk of heartdisease. Here are some thingsyou can do to lower your risk:
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Day and night, the muscles of your heart contract and relax to pump bloodthroughout your body. When blood returns to the heart, it follows acomplicated pathway. If you were in the bloodstream, you would follow thesteps below one by one.
1.Oxygen-poor blood (shown in blue) flows from the body into the right atrium. 2.Blood flows through the right atrium into the right ventricle. 3.The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs, where the blood releases waste
gases and picks up oxygen.
4.The newly oxygen-rich blood (shown in red) returns to the heart and enters the left atrium.
5.Blood flows through the left atrium into the left ventricle.
6.The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body.
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Controlling your blood sugar
level will lower your risk of
heart disease. Many people who
have diabetes check their bloodsugar level every day to make
sure that their medicines
and/or insulin, diet and exercise
are working to keep their blood
sugar in a normal range.
1. Keep your blood sugar level under
control.
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2. Lose weight--and keep it off.
Diabetes, being overweight and heart disease often gotogether. Losing weight helps a lot of health problems.
For example, if you have been told that your blood
pressure is too high, losing weight can bring it down. If
your blood sugar level has been hard to control, losingweight can help.
Weight loss is important if you have a lot of extra weight
around your waist and abdominal area. People who tend
to carry extra weight around their waist are more at risk
for heart disease than people who have extra weight in
the hips or thighs.
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You don't have to
lose a huge amount
of weight to lower
your risk for heart
disease. Losingeven 10 pounds can
help.
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3. Lower your cholesterol level.Cholesterol is a waxy substance your body uses to protectnerves, make cell tissues and produce certain hormones. All
the cholesterol your body needs is made by your liver.
Cholesterol in the food you eat (such as eggs, meats and
dairy products) is extra. Too much cholesterol in your
blood can clog your arteries.
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You've probably heard about "good" and "bad"
cholesterol. "Bad," or LDL (which stands for low-density
lipoprotein), cholesterol can clog your arteries and lead
to heart disease. "Good," or HDL (which stands forhigh-density lipoprotein), cholesterol carries unneeded
cholesterol away from body tissues. This lowers your
risk of heart disease.
If your doctor says your cholesterol level is too high,what can you do about it? It helps to lose weight and
eat a healthy diet.
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You should limit the amount of fattyand cholesterol-rich foods you eat.There are many cookbooks available
that contain low-fat, low-cholesterolrecipes and meal suggestions. If you
need help figuring out how to change
your diet, your doctor might refer you
to a dietitian. A dietitian has specialtraining in planning healthy diets.
If diet alone doesn't lower your
cholesterol, cholesterol-lowering
medicines can help do that. You andyour doctor can talk about these
medicines. The medicine that is best
for you depends on your special
needs and medical condition.
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4. Increase your physical activity.
Along with diet, exercise is
very important for people
who have diabetes. Diet and
exercise work together to
help your body work properly.If you have changed your
diet to lose weight, exercising
can help you lose weight
faster.
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You and your doctor can plan exercises that
will work best for you and be safe.You don't need a gym or
expensive equipment to get good exercise.
Brisk walking is great exercise. Climbing
stairs instead of taking an elevatoris another good thing to do.
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Like eating a healthy diet,
exercise will also help keepyour blood sugar level normal
and can lower your risk of
heart disease.
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5. Control your blood pressure.
People who have diabetes
often have high blood pressure,
also. High blood pressure is a
big risk factor for stroke.
It also increases your risk forheart disease and kidney disease.
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The same lifestyle changes that control
blood sugar levels and lower your risk
of heart disease may also keep your
blood pressure at safe levels.
Weight loss and exercise are important.
The more weight you lose, the more
you lower your blood pressure.
It is also important not to drinkvery much alcohol.
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If your blood pressure
doesn't come down enough
with diet and exercise, your
doctor might have you takemedicines that will help.
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6. If you smoke, stop smoking.
Smoking is bad for everyone,but it's even worse for peoplewho have diabetes because
it damages the blood vessels.If you have diabetes and
you also smoke, you double your risk of
getting heart disease. Worse still,if you keep smoking while
you try to reduce other risks(such as losing extra weight),you won't be able to exercise
as much and you probably won't losethe weight you need to.
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Remember:Diabetes and heart
disease are related. Diabetes,
being overweight and having
high blood pressure are
related. Diet and exercise are
good ways to control your
blood sugar level, lower your
blood pressure and cut your
risk of getting heart disease.
When diet and exercise don't
help enough, medicines can
help control blood sugar
levels, lower cholesterol levels
and control blood pressure.
You can do a lot to help byyour own efforts.
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Action is the proper fruit of knowledge.
The best of all medicines is resting and fasting
Health is a blessing that money cannot buy.
From Er.SulthanE Mail:[email protected]