TYPE 1 DIABETES AT SCHOOL

What are the symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes?

Urinating often Feeling very thirsty Feeling very hungry - even though the child is

eating Extreme fatigue Blurry vision Cuts/bruises that are slow to heal Weight loss - even though the child is eating more

What is Type 1 Diabetes?Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which a

person’s pancreas stops producing insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches

and other food into energy needed for daily life. Type 1 diabetes usually strikes in childhood, adolescence,

or young adulthood, and lasts a lifetime. People with T1D must take multiple injections of insulin daily or continually infuse

insulin through a pump.CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT:

The key to T1D control is a careful

balance between food, exercise,

and insulin. Food raises blood

glucose levels, while insulin and

exercise lower them. A good T1D

treatment plan includes:

Eating reasonably, consistently,

and on schedule

Testing blood sugar levels

regularly

Adjusting insulin based on blood

sugar levels and activities

Exercising regularly

NICOLE CURETONSPED 5960

. Signs and Symptoms of Low Blood Sugar: Hypoglycemia (happen quickly)

*Shakiness *Nervousness or anxiety *Sweating, chills and clamminess *Irritability or impatience *Confusion, including delirium *Rapid/fast heartbeat *Lightheadedness or dizziness *Hunger and nausea *Sleepiness *Blurred/impaired vision *Tingling or numbness in the lips or tongue *Headaches *Weakness or fatigue * Anger, stubbornness, or sadness * Lack of coordination *Nightmares or crying out during sleep *Seizures *Unconsciousness

USEFUL WEBSITESwww.jdrf.org

www.diabetes.orgwww.childrenwithdiabetes.com

www.diabeteshealth.comwww.parentingdiabetickids.com

MAY 2014

STRATEGIES FOR MANAGEMENT AT SCHOOL

INSULIN

Children with type 1 diabetes must inject insulin many times a day. The exact number of injections varies from person to person. Insulin injections typically occur at regularly scheduled times during the day. Syringes or insulin pens are both used for injections, but both essentially do the same thing. Some people find the pen to be more convenient when they only need a single kind of insulin. Some children also find the pen needles more comfortable than the syringe needles. Most children eventually inject their own insulin.

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SPECIAL POINTS OF INTEREST AND/OR CALL-OUTS

What to Do About High Blood Sugar

Levels

1. If blood test results are slightly above normal:

Continue regular activity Drink water or sugar-free drinks Monitor blood sugar levels by checking

regularly Chart blood glucose test results

2. If blood test results are moderately high:

Don’t engage in strenuous exercise Drink water or sugar-free drinks Inject additional insulin if instructed by

physician or parents Monitor blood sugar levels by checking

regularly Chart blood glucose test results

3. If blood test results are very high:

Drink water or sugar-free drinks

Inject additional insulin if instructed by

parents or physician

Test ketone levels if advised by parents or physician. If high, contact

parent or physician immediately Monitor blood sugar levels by

checking regularly Chart blood glucose test results

Other Health Impairment or OHI Definition

The federal definition of Other Health Impairment as spelled out by IDEA is as follows:

Other health impairment means having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment, that—(i) Is due to chronic or acute health problems

such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette syndrome; and(ii) Adversely affects a child’s educational performance.

References:www.specialeducationbehaviormodification.comwww.jdrf.orgwww.diabetes.org

What to Do About Low Blood Sugar LevelsA blood glucose meter reading below the target range specified by the physician indicates low blood sugar. The following are general treatments for low blood sugar. The physician and parents should determine what course to follow. Please note that people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have symptoms of low blood sugar at various readings. Some people with T1D feel perfectly fine at readings below 70. Others begin to show low blood sugar symptoms at readings somewhat above 70.

1. If blood sugar levels are slightly low and the person is alert and lucid, he or she should:

Not exercise. Eat. After eating, check blood sugar level again to make sure it is

within the target range. The person may require another snack later in the day.

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly.

2. If blood sugar levels are low and the individual is showing signs of low blood sugar but is still able to eat:

He or she should immediately eat or drink a fast-acting source of glucose (i.e., juice, glucose gel, or tablets). He or she may need to eat more food after that (i.e., crackers or other complex carbohydrate).

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly.

3. If blood sugar levels are low and the individual is showing ns of low blood sugar and is unconscious, convulsing, and/or unable to swallow:

Remain calm. DO NOT administer food or drink to an unconscious person, as it may

obstruct the airway. Position the individual on the floor on his/her side to prevent falling,

injury, or choking. Call 911. Administer emergency glucagon shot (unconsciousness may last up

to 10 minutes post-glucagon; be prepared for vomiting as the individual becomes conscious).

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly. Give additional food (i.e., crackers or other complex carbohydrate)

when able to eat, if needed, in order to keep blood sugar levels in target range.

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What to Do About Low Blood Sugar LevelsA blood glucose meter reading below the target range specified by the physician indicates low blood sugar. The following are general treatments for low blood sugar. The physician and parents should determine what course to follow. Please note that people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have symptoms of low blood sugar at various readings. Some people with T1D feel perfectly fine at readings below 70. Others begin to show low blood sugar symptoms at readings somewhat above 70.

1. If blood sugar levels are slightly low and the person is alert and lucid, he or she should:

Not exercise. Eat. After eating, check blood sugar level again to make sure it is

within the target range. The person may require another snack later in the day.

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly.

2. If blood sugar levels are low and the individual is showing signs of low blood sugar but is still able to eat:

He or she should immediately eat or drink a fast-acting source of glucose (i.e., juice, glucose gel, or tablets). He or she may need to eat more food after that (i.e., crackers or other complex carbohydrate).

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly.

3. If blood sugar levels are low and the individual is showing ns of low blood sugar and is unconscious, convulsing, and/or unable to swallow:

Remain calm. DO NOT administer food or drink to an unconscious person, as it may

obstruct the airway. Position the individual on the floor on his/her side to prevent falling,

injury, or choking. Call 911. Administer emergency glucagon shot (unconsciousness may last up

to 10 minutes post-glucagon; be prepared for vomiting as the individual becomes conscious).

Continue to check blood sugar levels regularly. Give additional food (i.e., crackers or other complex carbohydrate)

when able to eat, if needed, in order to keep blood sugar levels in target range.

555 Street Address, Suite 555City, STATE 55555 555.555.5555 office • 555.555.5555 faxwww.your-url-goes-here.com

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