diagnosing endocrine problems
DESCRIPTION
Diagnosing Endocrine Problems. Physiology of Disease and Treatments. Addison’s Disease. Cause Cortex portion of adrenal gland underactive Symptoms Low blood sugar, low blood Na + , loss of water, tiredness, and yellowing of the skin Use of cortisone. Myxedema. Cause Occurs in Adults - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
PHYSIOLOGY OF DISEASE AND TREATMENTS
Diagnosing Endocrine Problems
Addison’s Disease
Cause Cortex portion of
adrenal gland underactive
Symptoms Low blood sugar, low
blood Na+, loss of water, tiredness, and yellowing of the skin
Use of cortisone
Myxedema
Cause Occurs in Adults Thyroid gland is
underactive Decreases the production
of thyroxinSymptoms
Lowered metabolism, changes in skin texture, puffiness of the face, a decrease in mental abilities
Treatment Use of thyroid extract
Myxedema
Acromegaly
Cause The pituitary gland
over secretes human growth hormone in adults
Symptoms Bones thicken,
especially in the hands, the feet, and the face
Treatment No available treatment
Cretinism
Cause Little to no thyroxin is
produced from birthSymptoms
In infants, face swells, lips become large, and tongue becomes thick
Physical and mental growth is stunted
Treatment Use of thyroid extract
Dwarfism
Cause Pituitary gland under
secretes human growth hormone
Symptoms Stunted growth Relative size of body
parts is normalTreatments
Use of growth hormone before skeletal growth is completed
Hypoglycemia
Causes Pancreas produces too
much insulinSymptoms
Low blood sugar levels, dizziness, intense hunger, and weakness
Treatment Control of blood sugar
by diet
Hyperthyroidism
Causes Thyroid is overactive,
producing too much thyroxin
Symptoms High metabolic rate,
excitability, rapid speech, anxiety, increased appetite, and weight loss
Treatment Medication to stop
production of thyroxin; surgery if thyroid is enlarged
Hypothyroidism
Cause Thyroid is underactive, producing too little thyroxin
Symptoms Low metabolic rate, dry skin, reduced alertness, and
weight gainTreatment
Use of thyroid extract
Diabetes Mellitus
Causes Little or no insulin is
produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
Symptoms Uncontrolled blood sugar
levels, excessive urination, weakness, excessive appetite, and weight loss
Treatment Careful planning of diet Exercise Regular injections of
insulin
Diabetes insipidus
Cause Posterior lobe of pituitary gland is underactive,
producing too little vasopressin Very uncommon Due to head injury or tumor
Symptoms Excessive thirst and increased urination Kidney’s unable to conserve water
Treatments Careful planning of diet
Complete the case studies on the back!
Bellwork Matching: They may have more than one answer.
1. TSH2. FSH3. ADH4. OT5. GH6. LH
a. Luteinizing hormoneb. Labor contractions, milk ejectionc. Stimulates body cell divisiond. Thyroid stimulating hormonee. Oxytocinf. Antidiuretic Hormoneg. Ovulation, formation of corpus
luteumh. Follicle stimulating hormonei. Reabsorption of water, elevation of
blood pressure and volumej. Estrogen secretion, sperm
maturationk. Secretion of thyroid hormonesl. Promotes long bone growth
Outline for Endocrine Test
Performance enhancing drugs EPO, testosterone, blood doping, GH, steroids, Effects as a performance enhancing drug Possible side effects of drugs
Label organs/glands of endocrine system Hypothalamus, pineal, pituitary gland, parathyroid,
thyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries, testesHormones: actions/functions and site of
production Aldoesterone, cortisol, epinephrine, GnRH, estrogen,
insulin, glucagon, PTH, melatonin, ADH, oxytocin, FSH, LH, testosterone, thymosin, cacitonin, HCG