difc - dubai world central and the evolution of dubai logistic cluster

8/8/2019 DIFC - Dubai World Central and the Evolution of Dubai Logistic Cluster

1/31

Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl|fg Gvaiw|dak ao Lw`bdIahd}|dm Miw}|gp

Gmakaedm Ka|g Ka+ 2:

Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl|fg Gvaiw|dak ao Lw`bdIahd}|dm Miw}|gp


2/31

Bw|fap}

Lp+ Kb}}gp ]bdld) Bb|fdpb Zpb}bl) Lp+ Ob`da ]mbmmdbvdiibkd) \aeeb}a Pad+

Ld}mibdegp>

\fg hwpg} fbvg `ggk maezdigl bkl bhhpghb|gl pae pg}zak}g} |a awp akidkg rwg}|dakkbdpg) w}dkh LDOM]\B\) awp

xg`%`b}gl bzzidmb|dak+

Xfdig gvgpt gap| xb} eblg |a vgpdt }w`ed}}dak) xg bpg ka| pg}zak}d`ig ap bkt pgebdkdkh gppap}) dkbmmwpbmt ap

aed}}dak}+

LDOM Gmakaedm}>

Lp+ Kb}}gp ]bdld

G%ebdi> kb}}gp+}bdldJldm+bg

\gi> #482 < =?0 077:

Lp+ Ob`da ]mbmmdbvdiibkd

G%ebdi> b`da+}mbmmdbvdiibkdJldm+bg

\gi> #482 < =?0 077 bfbl+bidJldm+bg\gi> #482 < =?0 0 bb|fdpb+zpb}blJldm+bg

\gi> #482 < =?0 0


3/31

\b`ig a Mak|gk|}

Ggmw|dvg ]weebpt 2

Dk|palwm|dak 0

\fg Ebmpagmakaedm Obm|ap} Iahd}|dm} / Maezg|d|dvgkg}} 27

Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi b} |fg Lbxk ao b Kgx Bg|pazaid} 0:

Makmiw}dak} 0=

@d`idahpbzft 07

@bmchpawkl Lb|b 0?


4/31

2

Ggmw|dvg ]weebpt

\fg iahd}|dm} }gm|ap fb} `ggk akg a |fg ebdk apmg}

zw}fdkh hia`bid~b|dak+ B| |fg fgbp| a |fg iahd}|dm}pgvaiw|dak ibt} |fg dk|ghpb|dak a |pbk}zap| ealg}

bkl |fg }|bklbpld~b|dak a zpamglwpg} xfdmf `aa}|gl

}tkgphdg} bkl gmakaedg} a }mbig) |a bk wkzpgmglgk|

g|gk|+

Lw`bd fb} `ggk pdldkh fdhf ak |fg xbvg a |fd}

blvbkmgegk|} wiiidkh b vamb|dak |fb| fbl }wd|gl |fg

Gedpb|g }dkmg |fg ib|g VDV mgk|wpt xfgk d|} pwigp b| |fg

|deg) ]fgdcf Pb}fdl `dk Ebc|awe) lgmibpgl d|} zap| b

pgg ~akg+ Lw`bd fb} |fpdvgl dk d|} paig b} b pghdakbi fw`

pgbmfdkh b za}d|dak a zpaedkgkmg dk |fg hia`bi iahd}|dm}

kg|xapc bkl |albt d| d} akg a |fg mpd|dmbi kalg} dk |fg

hia`bi }wzzit mfbdk+ \fd} gvaiw|dak wklgpidkg} bi}a |fg

hpaxdkh dezap|bkmg a awp pghdak dk |fg xapil bkl

d|} hpblwbi |pbk}apeb|dak pae bk gkgpht maeeald|t

gzap|gp dk|a b ldvgp}dgl gmakaet xd|f b `pablgp

gmakaedm `b}g bkl b oawpd}fdkh) dk|gpkb|dakbiit

makkgm|gl) }gpvdmg }gm|ap+

\fg azgkdkh a |fg Bi Ebc|awe Dk|gpkb|dakbi Bdpzap|

dk Nwkg 0:2: fb} }|pgkh|fgkgl bkl gzbklgl |fd} paig+Xd|f hia`bi |pblg bmrwdpdkh bk gvgk eapg }|pb|ghdm

dezap|bkmg dk |fg xapil gmakaet) Lw`bd xdii pgdkapmg

d|} za}d|dak b| b |deg xfgk B}db d} }wzzibk|dkh |fg Xg}|

b} |fg ebdk gkhdkg a hpax|f+

Pg}gbpmf fdhfidhf|} |fb| |fg pgib|dak}fdz} `g|xggk

|pbk}zap| ma}|}) zpalwm|dak iamb|dak}) bkl |pblg

zb||gpk} aiiax ldgpgk| }|bhg}+ B| |fg ghdkkdkh a |fg

zpamg}}) xfgk |pbk}zap| bmdid|dg} }iaxit dezpavg bklma}|} lpaz) maezg|d|dvg blvbk|bhg} bpg |fg cgt lpdvgp

a |pblg+ Ib|gp) b} |fg gmdgkmt dk |pbk}zap| hpax})

dk|pb%dklw}|pt |pblg }|bp|} |a laedkb|g) }zgmdbid~b|dak

dkmpgb}g} bkl ebkwbm|wpgp} gziad| eb}}dvg gmakaedg}

a }mbig+

\a bmfdgvg xdlgp }wzzit mfbdk az|ded~b|dak d| `gmaeg}

dezgpb|dvg ap maezbkdg} b| ldgpgk| igvgi} a |fg

zpalwm|dak mfbdk |a maapldkb|g |fgdp azgpb|dak}+ B|

|fg ebmpagmakaedm igvgi xg a`}gpvg) b} b pg}wi|)

|fb| |pblg gib}|dmd|dg} |a hia`bi HLZ fbvg dkmpgb}gl

avgp |fg ib}| lgmblg bii avgp |fg xapil+ Idcgxd}g) xg

a`}gpvg |fb| dk|pb%dklw}|pt |pblg beakh fdhf dkmaeg

gmakaedg}) `w| bi}a `g|xggk iax% bkl fdhf%dkmaeg

mawk|pdg} laedkb|g} hia`bi |pblg pgib|dak}fdz}+ B}

ewmf b}


5/31

0 Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl |fg Gvaiw|dak a Lw`bd Iahd}|dm Miw}|gp

Dk|palwm|dak

\fg zpamg}} a gvgp mia}gp gmakaedm dk|ghpb|dak

bmpa}} |fg xapil xfdmf d} }tk|fg|dmbiit pggppgl |a b}hia`bid~b|dak d} ebdkit zpazgiigl `t |xa zaxgpwi

gkhdkg}> |gigmaeewkdmb|dak bkl iahd}|dm}+ \fg

|gmfkaiahdmbi blvbkmg} dk Dkapeb|dak \gmfkaiaht

bkl Maeewkdmb|dak &D\M$ fbvg b||pbm|gl ea}| a |fg

zwìdm} b||gk|dak `gmbw}g |fgt fbvg |pbk}apegl

|fg idg a `diidak} a dkldvdlwbi} |fpawhf mgiiwibp

zfakg}) dk|gpkg| bkl }b|giid|g \_+ @w| |fg a|fgp

gkhdkg a hia`bid~b|dak fb} zpa`bìt `ggk gvgk

eapg eaegk|aw}+ @t vdp|wg a bk dezpg}}dvg lpdvg

|a }|bklbpld~g) makkgm| bkl dk|ghpb|g zpamglwpg}

bkl zft}dmbi fbklidkh a |faw}bkl} a |pbk}zap|

azgpb|dak} bmpa}} dklw}|pdg} bkl mak|dkgk|}) |fg

gmakaedg} a ld}|bk| bpgb} mbk gziad| |albt

}tkgphdg} wk|fdkcbìg gvgk |xa lgmblg} bha+

G}}gk|dbiit |fg gmakaedg} a }mbig) |gmfkaiaht

|pbk}gp} bkl zpamg}} dkkavb|dak `pawhf| bàw|

`t |fg àa}| dk dk|gpkb|dakbi |pblg mawil ka| fbvg

`ggk za}}dìg xd|faw| b pgvaiw|dak dk |fg |pbk}zap|

}gm|ap xfdmf lpavg ma}|} }fbpzit laxk+ Bk grwbiit

eaegk|aw} zpamg}} a hia`bid~b|dak ammwppgldk |fg mia}dkh lgmblg} a |fg VDV mgk|wpt xfgk

|fg |gighpbzf) |fg pbdipabl} bkl |fg }|gbe}fdz}

|pbk}apegl |fg |pblg bkl kbkmdbi pgib|dak})

zbvdkh |fg xbt ap |fg dk|ghpb|dak a |fg Xg}|gpk

Fged}zfgpg dk|a |fg xapil gmakaet }|dii laedkb|gl

`t Gwpazg bkl d|} maiakdbi gezdpg}+

\fg mwppgk| xbvg a hia`bid~b|dak xb} bi}a

gkbìgl `t dk}|d|w|dakbi mfbkhg bkl havgpkbkmg a

dk|gpkb|dakbi |pblg xd|f |fg mpgb|dak a |fg X\A ak

Nbkwbpt 2) 2447 wklgp |fg Ebppbcgmf Bhpggegk|)

&xfdmf }wzgp}glgl |fg Hgkgpbi Bhpggegk| ak \bpd}

bkl \pblg &HB\\$$ b| |fg maezig|dak a |fg Wpwhwbt

Pawkl a kgha|db|dak}+ Mw}|ae |bpd} xgpg }ib}fgl

lpb}|dmbiit bmpa}} |fg àbpl |fpawhf b ewi|dib|gpbi

pbegxapc bzzitdkh |a bii ebnap gzap|gp} bkl

dezap|gp}+ Eapg dezap|bk|it) |fg dk|gpkb|dakbi ighbi

pbegxapc ak dezap| bkl gzap| pwig} gmbeg migbpgp

bkl }w`ngm| |a |fg nwlhegk| a bk dklgzgklgk|

dk|gpkb|dakbi mawp| pb|fgp |fbk kb|dakbi bw|fapd|dg}

ap bl fam dk|gpzpg|b|dak}+ Xfgk Mfdkb nadkgl |fg

X\A dk Lgmge`gp 0::2 &wklgp b 4::%zbhg iakh

Zpa|amai a Bmmg}}dak xfdmf pgrwdpgl 27 tgbp} akgha|db|dak} biea}| b} maezig b} |fg Wpwhwbt

Pawkl$ xapil |pblg pgmgdvgl bk blld|dakbi dezg|w}+

Owp|fgpeapg b fa}| a Pghdakbi Bhpggegk|}) }wmf b}

KBO\B) Egpma}wp) |fg B}gbk Opgg \pblg Zbm|) ka| |a

egk|dak |fg GW ]dkhig Ebpcg|) fbvg }aidldgl bkl

g|gklgl |fg `gkg|} a ewi|dib|gpbi bhpggegk|}

pglwmdkh |fg dk|gpkb|dakbi zpdmg a |pblbìg} bkl

}fd|dkh ebkwbm|wpg} |a iaxgp xbhg mawk|pdg}+

\fg dkkavb|dak} b| |fg gkl a ib}| mgk|wpt fbvg

dk|gk}dgl hia`bi dk|gpbm|dak}) ealdgl |fg gmakaedm

hgahpbzft) pg}fbzgl |fg pgib|dvg b||pbm|dvgkg}} a

paw|g} bkl }ib}fgl gk|pt `bppdgp}+ @w| |fgt fbvg

bi}a lggzit bi|gpgl |fg wklbegk|bi} a |fg |pblg

`w}dkg}} bkl |fg iahd}|dm} }gm|ap pbd}dkh |fg `bp dk

|gpe} a aphbkd~b|dakbi }mbig bkl dkvg}|egk| kggl}+

Oap gbezig) mak|bdkgpd~b|dak fb} igl |a b eb}}dvg

dkmpgb}g dk mbzd|bi dk|gk}d|t a zap|}) bdpzap|} bkl

dk|gpealbi bmdid|dg} `gmbw}g egmfbkd~gl |pbk}gp

}t}|ge} pgrwdpg xdlg }zbmg ap ebkgwvgpdkh)

xbpgfaw}dkh bkl lamcdkh+ @gapg |fg blvgk| amak|bdkgp}) |fg |tzdmbi }gbzap| gp|f xb} 7: e xdlg

bkl pgrwdpgl akg fgm|bpg a }|apbhg }zbmg+ @t |fg

ib|g 244:}) |fg |tzdmbi }d~g fbl dkmpgb}gl |a =::e

bkl b |gpedkbi pgrwdpgl 7:%2:: fb a }|apbhg |a

bmmaeealb|g gmakaedmbiit egbkdkhwi azgpb|dak}+

Dk|gpealbi pbdi tbpl} g|gkl ap 0 cdiaeg|gp} bkl

idkc 2:: fb a }zbmg+ Bdpzap| Mbpha azgpb|dak}

pgrwdpg bk bpgb dk |fg aplgp a 2:)::: fb+

Iaxgp dk|gpealbi |pbk}zap| ma}|} fbvg }|pgkh|fgkgl

|fg idkc} `g|xggk ld}|bk| bpgb}) xd|f Lw`bd |bcdkh

blvbk|bhg a |fd} |pbk}apeb|dak |fbkc} |a |fg

maezig|dak a }|b|g a |fg bp| dkpb}|pwm|wpg `wdi| dk

bk|dmdzb|dak a b ibphg nwez dk hia`bi |pblg+

Lw`bd fb} dklggl `ggk akg a |fg ambi zadk|} a

|fd} |pbk}ew|b|dak) `gmaedkh dk b vgpt }fap| |deg

akg a |fg zdva|bi |pbldkh fw`} dk |fg xapil+ \bcdkh

blvbk|bhg a d|} iamb|dak edl%xbt `g|xggk B}db

bkl Gwpazg) biakh |fg bkmdgk| }dic pabl) d|} zap|} bpg

beakh |fg ea}| bm|dvg bkl gmdgk| dk |fg xapil+


6/31

=

\fg mbpha |pbm b| Lw`bd Dk|gpkb|dakbi Bdpzap| b}

xgii b} b| a|fgp WBG bdpzap|} fb} hpaxk gzakgk|dbiitgvgk lwpdkh |fg 0::6%:4 mpd}d}+

Fd}|apt ggp|} b zaxgpwi dkowgkmg ak |pblg zb||gpk})

ap gbezig |fg ebdk ibkl paw|g} dk Gwpazg }|di i |pbmg

|fg Paebk maeewkdmb|dak kg|xapc) xfdig |fg ]|pbd|

a Ebibmmb fb} `ggk ap mgk|wpdg} akg a |fg idgidkg}

a xapil |pblg+ Faxgvgp kavgi |pbk}zap| |gmfkaiaht

ap |fg blld|dak a |pbk}zap| dkpb}|pwm|wpg ebt

igbl |a b lggz bi|gpb|dak a gd}|dkh kg|xapc}+ \fg

pgvaiw|dak dk |pbk}zap| }t}|ge} `pawhf| bàw| `t

mak|bdkgp }fdzzdkh) nweà bdpmpb|} bkl blaz|dak

a D\ dk |pbk}zap| ebkbhgegk|) fb} lgpbdigl

mak}aidlb|gl grwdid`pdb bkl aphgl b kgx }zb|dbi

}|pwm|wpg a |pbk}zap| paw|g} xapilxdlg+ Lw`bd

fb} |bcgk blvbk|bhg a |fd} zpamg}}) bkl bm|wbiit

bk|dmdzb|gl d| xd|f pgebpcbìg apg}dhf| |fpawhf |fg

mak}|pwm|dak a Ng`gi Bid Zap| |fb| xb} ibwkmfgl dk

|fg ib|g 8:}+ Xd|f ?8 `gp|f} bkl b }d~g a 2=


7/31

\fg Ebmpagmakaedm Obm|ap}

Gmakaedm igblgp}fdz bkl dkowgkmg d} mia}git pgib|gl

|a |fg mfbkhg dk hia`bi |pblg zb||gpk}+ Dk |fd}}gm|dak xg }fax fax |pblg) `t dezpavdkh hia`bi

zpalwm|dvd|t) d} `gmaedkh b cgt lpdvgp a xapil

hpax|f bkl fax) dk |wpk) xapil hpax|f }zwp} |pblg

dk b ew|wbiit pgdkapmdkh mtmig+ Lw`bd d} fgbvdit

gza}gl |a |fg vbhbpdg} a dk|gpkb|dakbi |pblg gdkh

akg a |fg ea}| azgk gmakaedg} dk |fg xapil bkl b

ebnap kalg dk |fg hia`bi iahd}|dm} kg|xapc}+

\fg hpax|f a xapil zazwib|dak bkl |fg b}|

dk|ghpb|dak a ibphg B}dbk mawk|pdg} dk |fg xapil

gmakaet bpg zw}fdkh wz hia`bi lgebkl ap zpalwm|}

bkl b pgiamb|dak a ebkwbm|wpdkh bm|dvd|dg} bmpa}}

|fg hia`g &}gg LDOM Ka|g Ka+ \pblg / \fg Kgx Gmakaedm Hgahpbzft A \fg Edllig Gb}|) LDOM Gmakaedm Ka|g ka+ f||z>!!xxx+ldm+bg!dklg+zfz!laxkiablQig!%!vdgx!=0:!

Odh+ 2 \fg Googm| ao \pblg Odkbkmg Mpwkmf

]awpmg> DEO LA\]


8/31

7

Hpax|f dk |pblg hpgb|it gmgglgl HLZ hpax|f) b}

lgzdm|gl dk Odh+ 0 bkl dk \bìg =+ Dklggl) hpax|f dk|pblg d} b lpdvgp a gmakaedm hpax|f) dk |fg }gk}g |fb|

d| pgogm|} |fg dkmpgb}g dk gmdgkmt |fb| zbvgl |fg

xbt ap akg a |fg ea}| pgebpcbìg àa}|} |a xapil

zpa}zgpd|t dk fd}|apt+ ]|b|gl ldgpgk|it) xfgk |pblg

pgib|dak} bpg bmdid|b|gl `t iaxgp |bpd} bkl |fg pgeavbi

a pghwib|apt `bppdgp}) bkl pgdkapmgl `t dezpavgegk|}dk |pbk}zap|) bii gmakaedg} dk |fg xapil mbk }zgmdbid~g

dk gil} xfgpg |fgt gknat b maezbpb|dvg blvbk|bhg)

|fgpg`t bmfdgvdkh fwhg zpalwm|dvd|t hbdk}+

\b ig 2 % Xapil egpmfbkld}g |pblg t pghdak) 0::4

&Bkkwbi zgpmgk|bhg mfbkhg$

Gzap|} Dezap|}

244:%0::: 0::2%0::6 0::4 Pghdak} 244:%0::: 0::2%0::6 0::4

8 2: %0< Blvbkmgl Gmakaedg} ? 2: %0:

20 26 %27 Lgvgiazdkh B}db 2< 28 %2?

4 26 %02 Gegphdkh / Lgvgiazdkh Gmakaedg} 2: 26 %0 b$ |fg }zb|dbi

ap pghdakbi ldegk}dak &d+g+ |fg |pbk}zap|b|dak zpaìge$)`$ |fg vgp|dmbi ldegk}dak &oax a maeeald|dg} pae

|fg dkd|dbi w}g a pg}awpmg} |a |fg ebkwbm|wpdkh a kbi

haal} lgebklgl `t |fg mak}wegp$) bkl m$ |fg |deg

ldegk}dak &dkvgk|apt bkl xbpgfaw}g a egpmfbkld}g

bkl zbp|}$+

\fg zb||gpk} a iahd}|dm} mfbdk} bpg ka| deew|bìg>

|fgt mfbkhg dk pg}zak}g |a kgx dkpb}|pwm|wpg bkl

ma}| makld|dak}+ \fg mfbkhdkh zb||gpk bkl hpax|f a

|pbm fbvg dezidmb|dak} ap dkpb}|pwm|wpg lgvgiazegk|

bkl iahd}|dm} dk |gpe} a fbklidkh mbzbmd|t) paw|g

lgvgiazegk|) pgrwgkmt a }gpvdmg} bkl |pbk}%

}fdzegk|+

Lw`bd fb} ggk |fg zdiibp a |fg Bpb`dbk Zgkdk}wib |pblg

lgvgiazegk| }dkmg |fg 248:}+ \fg gegphgkmg a Lw`bd

b} b iahd}|dm} fw` fb} fbl b za}d|dvg dezbm| ak |fg

pg}| a |fg Bpb`dbk Zgkdk}wib+ ]bwld Bpb`db) Rb|bp bkl

Cwxbd| zap| bmdid|dg} ldl ka| fbvg |fg mbzbmd|t |a wiit

fbklig |fg }wphg dk |pblg |fb| }zwppgl pae |fg àa}|

dk gmakaedm bm|dvd|t avgp |fg ib}| lgmblg+ Lw`bd d} iidkh

b hbz |fb| a|fgpxd}g xawil fbvg }gvgpgit dezbdpgl |fg

lgvgiazegk| a |fg}g gmakaedg}+

Odh+ < \fg Ebdk Xapil \pblg Paw|g}

]awpmg> Xapil Lgvgiazegk| Pgzap| 0::4> Pg}fbzdkh Gmakaedm Hgahpbzft) Xapil @bkc


15/31


Iahd}|dm} maeg} wklgp |fg we`pgiib a \pbk}zap|b|dak)

]|apbhg bkl Maeewkdmb|dak }w`%}gm|ap dk Lw`bd}HLZ mbimwib|dak+ B} zgp |fg ib|g}| lb|b) |fd} }gm|ap

mak|pd`w|gl mia}g |a 2:' a avgpbii HLZ+ Dk 0::4) |fg

lb|b ap |fg WBG dkldmb|g |fb| |fg mawk|pt iahd}|dm}

bkl }wzzit mfbdk dklw}|pt hpgx `t =+?'+ D| d} |fg akit

mawk|pt dk |fg Edllig Gb}| |a hwpg dk |fg |az 07

pbkcdkh} a |fg Xapil @bkc} Iahd}|dm} Zgpapebkmg

Dklg ap 0:2: &}gg kg| }gm|dak$+

\fd} zgpapebkmg d} idcgit |a dezpavg `gmbw}g |fg

`wlhg| ap |fg Lw`bd Pabl} bkl \pbk}zap| Bw|fapd|t

gzgk}g} dk 0:2: d} BGL 2:+8< `k) a xfdmf BGL 0+6

`k d} Azgpb|dakbi @wlhg|) bkl BGL 8+42 `k bpg Mbzd|bi

/ Zpangm| @wlhg|+ \fd} pgzpg}gk|} biea}| b |fdpl a |fg

|a|bi Lw`bd Havgpkegk| gzgkld|wpg dk 0:2: }g| b| BGL

=7+8 `diidak7+ Lw`bd} ebdk maezg|d|dvg blvbk|bhg d} |fg

az|debi mae`dkb|dak a ldgpgk| |pbk}zap| ealg} &b

zap|) bk bdpzap| bkl pabl} |a pgbmf bii HMM mawk|pdg}

bkl bii |fg xbt |a Ig`bkak$+ Dk |fg kgbp w|wpg d| mawil`g maezigegk|gl `t |fg HMM pbdipabl kg|xapc+ \fd}

}|b|g a |fg bp| zft}dmbi makkgm|dvd|t) d} gkfbkmgl `t

|fg miw}|gp a }gvgpbi |faw}bkl} a iahd}|dm} maezbkdg}

dk |fg Ng`gi Bid Opgg âkg) xfdmf `pdkh ckax fax)

dk|gpkb|dakbi zpangm|dak bkl mpd|dmbi eb}}+ \fg amw} idg}

ebdkit ak bdp bkl ebpd|deg |pbk}zap| ealg} biakh

xd|f pabl! pbdi |pbk}zap|+

]|b|d}|dm} pgigb}gl `t |fg Bdpzap|} Mawkmdi Dk|gpkb|dakbi

pgvgbigl |fb| 0= a |fg =: `w}dg}| bdpzap|} xapilxdlg

fbvg pgzap|gl kghb|dvg hpax|f dk dk|gpkb|dakbi

zb}}gkhgp |pbm lwpdkh 0::4+ Bdpzap|} a|fgp |fbk

Lw`bd Dk|gpkb|dakbi pgzap|dkh dkmpgb}g} dkmiwlgl @gdndkh

&2?+6'$) @bkhcac & DB\B) Ebt 0:2:+

7 \a|bi pgvgkwg apgmb}| ap |fg tgbp d} BGL =+= `k xfdig |fg bzzpavgl zpangm|} `wlhg| d} g}|deb|gl b| BGL 8+7 `k ap wklgp|bcdkh bàw| 20: zpangm|} &2= bpg

kgx zpangm|} pgib|dkh |a pabl}) ebpdkg |pbk}zap|) zwìdm |pbk}zap| bkl azgpb|dakbi wdildkh zpangm|}) bkl |fg pgebdkdkh zbp| xdii mavgp |fg maezig|dak a 2:8zpangm|} mwppgk|it wklgpxbt$+ A |fg `wlhg|)


16/31

2=

Mbpha vaiweg} dk Lw`bd xgpg wz 7+?' dk 0::4

aiiaxdkh b lpbeb|dm 0?' nwez dk Lgmge`gp bkllawìg%ldhd| dkmpgb}g} lwpdkh |fg ib}| rwbp|gp a 0::4+

\fg wii tgbp mbpha |pbm pgbmfgl 2)408)70: |akkg}

maezbpgl |a 2)60 dk}|d|w|dakbi bkl aphbkd~b|dakbi+ \fg p}|pgib|g} zpdebpdit |a |pblg pgib|gl zwìdm }gpvdmg}+ \fg

}gmakl pgib|g} |a |fg zpbm|dmg} |fb| bpg blaz|gl ap

}fdzegk| bkl fbklidkh+ Mak|bdkgp ebkbhgegk| dk |fd}

zbp| a |fg xapil &bkl dk ebkt gegphdkh ebpcg|}$ d}

ebppgl `t a`}aig|g zpbm|dmg}> ap gbezig mak|bdkgp}

`gmbeg w`drwd|aw} `gmbw}g |fgt bpg dk}|pwegk|bi ap

wiit gziad|dkh ewi|dealbi egbk} a |pbk}zap|b|dak+ Dk

|fg W] bkl dk Gwpazg akg mbk |bcg b mak|bdkgp pae b

}fdz iabl d| ak|a b |pbdk ap b |pwmc |a pgbmf lg}|dkb|dak)

xd|fdk ap aw|}dlg |fg mawk|pt) pgrwdpdkh egpgit }aeg

}dezig lamwegk|b|dak }wmf b} b @dii a Ibkldkh?+ Dk

a|fgp zbp|} a |fg xapil) |fd} }gbeig}} zpamg}} zpavg}

|a `g deza}}dìg ap vgpt ldmwi| xfgk haal} kggl |a

zb}} mw}|ae}+

Lw`bd bmdid|dg} bpg }gpvdkh b xdlg pghdak) `w| bmmg}}

|a a|fgp mawk|pdg} d} fbezgpgl `t bm|ap} aw|}dlg |fg

pgbmf a |fg WBG bw|fapd|dg}+ B pgigvbk| gbezig d} |fg

Mw}|ae} }gpvdmg dk ]bwld Bpb`db xfgpg }t}|ge} bkl

zpamglwpg} fbvg ka| `ggk ealgpkd~gl dk idkg xd|f |fg

pgrwdpgegk|} a ealgpk iahd}|dm} mfbdk}+ B} b pg}wi| d|ebt |bcg wz |a 7 lbt} |a ha |fpawhf ]bwld mw}|ae})

xfdmf dezglg} gmakaedm dk|ghpb|dak8+

? B @dii a Ibkldkh lamwegk| d} kgmg}}bpt ap }fdzegk|> |fd} lamwegk| d}}wgl `t b mbppdgp |a b }fdzzgp) bmckaxiglhdkh |fb| haal} fbvg `ggk pgmgdvgl ak àbpl b}mbpha ap makvgtbkmg |a b kbegl zibmg ap lgidvgpt |a |fg mak}dhkgg xfa d} w}wbiit dlgk|dgl+

8 ?7' a pg%gzap| dk ]bwld Bpb`db hag} |fpawhf Lw`bd `gmbw}g a |fg vbpdaw} à||igkgmc} dk |fg mw}|ae zpamglwpg} dk |fg Cdkhlae+


17/31

2< Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl |fg Gvaiw|dak a Lw`bd Iahd}|dm Miw}|gp

Odhwpg ? ]tkaz}d} ao Iahd}|dm} Miw}|gp}


18/31

27

Dk|gpkb|dakbi Maezbpd}ak> Iahd}|dm} / Maezg|d|dvgkg}}

Dk |fd} }gm|dak) xg amw} ak fax |fg WBG fb} `ggk

pbkcgl bhbdk}| d|} mawk|gpzbp|} dk |fpgg cgt hia`bipgzap|} b$ |fg Xapil @bkc &X@$ Iahd}|dm} Zgpapebkmg

Dklg3 `$ |fg Hia`bi Maezg|d|dvgkg}} Dklg &xfdmf

|pbmc} dkpb}|pwm|wpg zgpapebkmg b} b cgt }w`%dklg$

bkl m$) |fg X@!DOM Ladkh @w}dkg}} pgzap| xfdmf amw}g}

ak |fg gmdgkmt b}zgm|} a \pbldkh bmpa}} @aplgp}+

Odkbiit) |fg maezbpb|dvg Cgt Zgpapebkmg Dklg ap

Azgpb|dakbi Iahd}|dm} w}dkh |fg}g |fpgg `pabl dkldmg}

d} gbedkgl+

\fg X@} Iahd}|dm} Zgpapebkmg Dklg &IZD$ bde} |a pbkc

gmakaedg} ak |fg Gb}g a ]fdzzdkh bkl \pblg+ D| d} b}gl

ak b xapilxdlg }wpvgt a azgpb|ap} &hia`bi pgdhf|

apxbplgp} bkl gzpg}} mbppdgp}$) zpavdldkh ggl`bmc

ak |fg iahd}|dm} pdgklidkg}} a |fg mawk|pdg} dk xfdmf

|fgt azgpb|g bkl |fa}g xd|f xfdmf |fgt |pblg+ \fgt

mae`dkg dk%lgz|f ckaxiglhg a |fg mawk|pdg} dk xfdmf

|fgt azgpb|g xd|f dkapegl rwbid|b|dvg b}}g}}egk|} a

a|fgp mawk|pdg} xd|f xfdmf |fgt |pblg) bkl gzgpdgkmg

a hia`bi iahd}|dm} gkvdpakegk|+

\fg IZD d} |fg xgdhf|gl bvgpbhg a |fg mawk|pt }mapg}ak }d cgt ldegk}dak}>

2+ Gmdgkmt a |fg migbpbkmg zpamg}} &d+g+ }zggl)

}dezidmd|t bkl zpgldm|b`did|t a apebid|dg}$ `t

`aplgp mak|pai bhgkmdg}) dkmiwldkh Mw}|ae}3

0+ Rwbid|t a |pblg bkl |pbk}zap| pgib|gl

dkpb}|pwm|wpg &g+h+ zap|}) pbdipabl}) pabl})

dkapeb|dak |gmfkaiaht$3

=+ Gb}g a bppbkhdkh maezg|d|dvgit zpdmgl }fdzegk|}3


19/31

2? Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl |fg Gvaiw|dak a Lw`bd Iahd}|dm Miw}|gp

\b ig ? % \fg Iahd}|dm Zgpoapebkmg Dklg bkl d|} maezakgk|}

Mawk|pt IZD Mw}|ae} Dkopb}|pwm|wpg Dk|gpkb|dakbi}fdzegk|}

Iahd}|dm}maezg|gkmg

\pbmcdkh /|pbmdkh

\degidkg}}

Hgpebkt


20/31

28

Dk |fg Hia`bi Maezg|d|dvgkg}} Dklg) |fg WBG xb}

pbkcgl 0=) xd|f b }mapg a Hia`bi Maezg|d|dvgkg}} Pgzap| 0::4%2:) Xapil Gmakaedm Oapwe+


21/31


\b`ig 8 % Ladkh @w}dkg}} \pbldkh bmpa}} @aplgp} maezakgk|

Mawk|pt Lamwegk|}

oap gzap|

&kwe`gp$

\deg oap

gzap|

&lbt}$

Ma}| |a gzap|

&W], zgp

mak|bdkgp$

Lamwegk|}

oap dezap|

&kwe`gp$

\deg oap

dezap|

&lbt}$

Ma}| |a dezap|

&W], zgp

mak|bdkgp$

Gb}g ao

\pbldkh

PBKC

]dkhbzapg < 7


22/31

24

Odh+ 4 ]tkaz}d} ao Iahd}|dm} Mfbdk

]awpmg> Iahd}|dm} Zgpoapebkmg Dklg 0:2:

\b`ig 6 % CZD Eb|pd oap Azgpb|dakbi Iahd}|dm}

Mawk|pt Pbkc ]mapg

Lgkebpc 2 6+4!!xxx+lxm+bg!}d|g!B`aw|QW}QMaezbktQObm|}+f|ei


24/31

02

d} |fg p}| zfb}g a b eb}}dvg zpangm| |fb| xdii igbl

|a |fg bdpzap| `gmaedkh |fg xapil} ibphg}| `g|xggk0:26%0:0:) ap `a|f zb}}gkhgp} bkl mbphag} &dk

|fpgg zfb}g}$+

D| d} g}|deb|gl |fb| LXM xdii fbvg

havgpkbkmg }mfgeg ap |fg havgpkegk|%idkcgl

maezbkdg} b} xgii b} b pghwib|apt pbegxapc |a

}wzgpvd}g |fg `gfbvdap a cgt dkpb}|pwm|wpg }gpvdmg

zpavdlgp} xd|f eakazaid}|dm za}d|dak}+ ]wmf b pghwib|apt

}|pwm|wpg xawil bi}a fgiz |a mpgb|g migbpgp gzgm|b|dak}

b`aw| |fg iakh%|gpe }|pb|ght a |fg havgpkegk| dk

|fd} miw}|gp+ D| mawil `g }wzzap|gl `t b eapg bm|dvgbzzpabmf |a b||pbm| }|pakh pdvbi} |a Lw`bd+


25/31


Mwppgk|it Lw`bd d} zpglaedkb|git b |pbk}d|!mak}aidlb|dak

fw` xd|f id||ig zft}dmbi vbiwg bllgl |a |fg zpalwm|+ Bxapil mib}} iahd}|dm fw` }fawil a}|gp |fg g}|bìd}fegk|

a fdhfgp vbiwg bllgl }gpvdmg} bkl ebkwbm|wpdkh

miw}|gp} dk}dlg bkl `g|xggk dklw}|pdg}+ Dk a|fgp xapl})

akg zibkc a |fg Lw`bd lgvgiazegk| }|pb|ght kggl} |a

amw} ak blldkh vbiwg |a haal} |fb| |pbk}d| |fpawhf

d|} iahd}|dm fw` `wdildkh bmdid|dg} ap |pblg bkl vbiwg

bllgl dk dk|gpegldb|g haal}+ Bk gbezig d} |fg kgx

Kg}|ig bm|apt dk |fg \gmfka Zbpc) lgid`gpb|git iamb|gl

aw|}dlg b pgg ~akg dk aplgp |a zpalwmg ap |fg xfaig

HMM ebpcg| |bcdkh blvbk|bhg a |fg akhadkh |pblg

id`gpbid~b|dak zpamg}}+

\fg kgx iahd}|dm bmdid|dg} b| Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi

xdii zpavdlg bezig azzap|wkd|dg} |a gzbkl }gpvdmg}

mwppgk|it dk ge`ptakdm }|bhg+ Oap gbezig dk |fg

EGKB]B pghdak b hpaxdkh bkl bhdkh zazwib|dak d}

zibmdkh dkmpgb}dkh lgebkl ak fgbi|f mbpg }gpvdmg} bkl

pgklgpdkh lpwh idg }fap|gp+ Lw`bd mawil gegphg b} |fg

ea}| }wd|bìg fw` |a zpavdlg |fg}g }gpvdmg} bii bpawkl

|fg pghdak) g}zgmdbiit |a zpg%za}d|dak }|amc a lpwh} |a

ld}|pd`w|g dk |fg bpgb+ \fd} |pgkl fb} bipgblt }|bp|glxd|f |fg mpgb|dak a ~akg} xfdmf b||pbm| maezbkdg}

}zgmdbid~gl dk Fgbi|f Mbpg) Zfbpebmgw|dmbi bkl @da%

|gmfkaiaht }gm|ap}+

Gkvdpakegk|bi dezbm| kggl} bi}a |a `g zbp| a |fg

zdm|wpg+ Bk dezap|bk| dkd|db|dvg dk |fd} bpgb %% zpaea|gl

`t |fg Lw`bd Gmakaedm Lgzbp|egk| fb} |pbk}apegl

b mpd|dmbi Lkb|b Mbpha }d|g % |fg Opgdhf|Hb|g%7 bdpzap|

mbpha |gpedkbi dk|a |fg p}| mbpàk kgw|pbi xbpgfaw}g

dk |fg Edllig Gb}|+ ]zgmdm gkgpht }bvdkh egb}wpg}

zpaza}gl ap |fg xbpgfaw}g xgpg }mpw|dkd~gl |fpawhf

b ma}| `gkg| bkbit}d}) dk aplgp |a b}}g}} |fgdp kbkmdbi

vdb`did|t+ \fg dezigegk|b|dak) igl `t LFI Gkgpht

Zgpapebkmg / Ebkbhgegk|) zpalwmgl }bvdkh} dk

xbpgfaw}g gigm|pdmd|t w}bhg a g|xggk =?' bkl


26/31

0=

Makmiw}dak}

Dk |fg 2?|f bkl 28|f mgk|wpt }gbzap|} bkl xb|gpxbt}

lgkgl |fg iamb|dak a md|dg}+ Dk |fg 26|f mgk|wptpabl} `ghbk |a lgvgiaz dkxbpl `b}gl wzak |pbldkh

azzap|wkd|dg}+ Dk |fg 24|f mgk|wpt md|dg} aiiaxgl

pbdipabl} bkl mbkbi}+ Dk |fg 0:|f mgk|wpt md|dg} `wdi|

bdpzap|}3 dk |fg 02}| mgk|wpt bdpzap|} xdii lg|gpedkg

|fg iamb|dak a md|dg} bkl gmakaedm bm|dvd|dg}+

\fg dk|gpkb|dakbid~b|dak bkl hia`bid~b|dak a

zpalwm|dak bkl ebpcg|} ap dkzw|} b} xgii b}

dk|gpegldb|g bkl kbi zpalwm|} xdii zibmg dkmpgb}dkh

lgebkl} ak dk|gpealbi |pbk}zap| |a bk g|gk|

kgvgp gzgpdgkmgl `gapg+ \fg w|wpg maezg|d|dvg

glhg a mawk|pdg} ebt xgii fdkhg ak hia`bi }wzzit

mfbdk} bkl |fgdp }wzzap|dkh ealbi bkl dk|gpealbi

mbzb`did|dg}+

\fg ma}| a iahd}|dm} d} mpd|dmbi b} xapilxdlg

maezg|d|dak `g|xggk hia`bi }wzzit mfbdk})

}aeg|deg} lw``gl ftzgpmaezg|d|dak pbldmbiit

|pbk}ape} zpalwm|dak eg|fal} bkl deza}g} kgx

ggmw|dak bkl dezigegk|b|dak pgrwdpgegk| |a

ebdk|bdk mw}|aegp} }|amcgl bkl dkzw|} bvbdibìg |ab}}geìt idkg}+

B| |fg }beg |deg) b} |fg lgebkl ap iahd}|dm}

}gpvdmg} bkl |pbk}zap| bmdid|dg} }xgii}) makmgpk}

bpg hpaxdkh avgp |fg `bppdgp} |a gzbkl mbzbmd|t)

zbp|dmwibpit dk lgk}git zazwib|gl bpgb}) xfgpg |fg

lgebkl d} fdhfg}|+ Bi}a kbkmdbi mak}|pbdk|} b| b

|deg a }mbpmg mpgld| bvbdib`did|t bpg fd||dkh zibk}

|a `wdil kgx dkpb}|pwm|wpg+ B} b pg}wi|) idkgfbwi ap

|gpedkbi dkpb}|pwm|wpg} b gx lgmblg} ail bpg `gdkh

avgpxfgiegl |a bmmaeealb|g |fg vaiweg} eavdkh

dk|gpealbiit dk maknwkm|dak xd|f }wzzit mfbdk}+

\fg azgkdkh a Lw`bd} Bi Ebc|awe Bdpzap| xdii

ebpc b edig}|akg dk |fg xapilxdlg iahd}|dm} }gm|ap+

D| xdii `g |fg ibphg}| dk|ghpb|gl zap| bkl bdpzap|

bmdid|t dk b ebnap wp`bk bpgb idkcgl |a bk g|gk}dvg

kg|xapc a fdhfxbt} mavgpdkh b |gppd|apt pae |fg

Dkldbk Amgbk |a |fg Egld|gppbkgbk+ Dk zgp}zgm|dvg)

d| xdii `g makkgm|gl bi}a |a b }|b|g a |fg bp| pbdipabl

}t}|ge) xfa}g mak}|pwm|dak d} lwg |a }|bp| dk 0:22+

Dk|gpealbi |pbk}zap|b|dak g|xggk Dkldb) ]aw|f Gb}|

B}db Gwpazg bkl |fg Edllig Gb}| mawil `gmaeg |fgea}| blvbkmgl dk |fg xapil+ Dk|ghpb|dkh ewi|dzig

|pbk}zap|b|dak ealg} |a }wmf bk g|gk| d} idcgit |a

}g| dk ea|dak b eb}}dvg dkmpgb}g dk gmdgkmt bkl

zpalwm|dvd|t dk bk bpgb xd|f b zazwib|dak dk gmg}}

a 0 `diidak zgazig+

\fgpg d} b |gklgkmt ap bm|dvd|dg} |a bhhiaegpb|g

dk aplgp |a |bcg blvbk|bhg a |fg vbiwg a }zgmdm

iamb|dak}+ \fg eapg vbiwbìg b iamb|dak) |fg eapg

idcgit bhhiaegpb|dak xdii |bcg zibmg+ \fg aphbkd~b|dak

a bm|dvd|dg} d} g}}gk|dbiit fdgpbpmfdmbi) pg}wi|dkh

pae |fg pgib|dak}fdz} `g|xggk bhhiaegpb|dak bkl

bmmg}}d`did|t b| |fg iambi) pghdakbi bkl hia`bi igvgi}+

Dk |fd} zpamg}} hdvgk |fg mfbpbm|gpd}|dm} a ealgpk

ebkwbm|wpdkh |fg iamb|dak a mw}|aegp} ap kbi

zpalwm|} d} ibphgit dppgigvbk| ap |fg iambid~b|dak a

eb}} haal} zpalwm|dak) w| |fg iamb|dak a }wzzidgp}

a dkzw|} edhf| ebcg b ldgpgkmg+

\fg azgkdkh a zbp| a Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi

lgvgiazegk| xdii }dhkdmbk|it dkmpgb}g Lw`bd}|pblg) dklw}|pdbi bkl iahd}|dm} mbzbmd|t+ Lw`bd Xapil

Mgk|pbi xdii mak}|d|w|g |fg apgea}| gbezig a bk

Bgpa|pazaid}) zpavdldkh bk az|debi pg}zak}g |a |fg

mfbkhdkh }wzzit mfbdk ebkbhgegk| pgrwdpgegk|}

dk hia`bi ebpcg|} bkl ld}|pd`w|dak }t}|ge} dk b cgt

hgahpbzfdmbi bpgb xd|f 0 `diidak zgazig ebkt a

xfdmf bpg zad}gl |a ebcg |fg |pbk}d|dak |a b edllig

mib}} idg}|tig avgp |fg kg| lgmblg+

\fg `pd}c hpax|f a |fg iambi gmakaet b} xgii b}

|fg HMM} fb} zw| }|pbdk} ak |fg pabl%`b}gl iambi

|pbk}zap|b|dak }t}|ge &}wmf b} makhg}|gl ]fgdc

^btgl Pabl$+ ]dhkdmbk| dkvg}|egk|} fbvg |a `g

eblg |a bllpg}} |fg}g à||igkgmc}+ Lw`bd kggl}

|a ebcg }wpg |fb| iambi |pbk}zap|) dezap|bk| ap

|fg }gb!bdp%makkgm|dak) d} ka| `gmaedkh b hpax|f

`bppdgp+

\fg wp|fgp }zpgbl a nw}| dk |deg) igbk

ebkwbm|wpdkh bkl xdlg}zpgbl aw|}awpmdkh a

kak%mapg &bkl ammb}dakbiit mapg$ `w}dkg}} bm|dvd|dg}


27/31

0< Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl |fg Gvaiw|dak a Lw`bd Iahd}|dm Miw}|gp

dkmpgb}g} avgpbii gmdgkmt `w| fgdhf|gk |fg pd}c}

bkl |fg mak}grwgkmg} a ld}pwz|dak}+ Oap |fd} pgb}ak|fg ebdk iahd}|dm mgk|gp} kggl |a lgvgiaz b pd}c

ebkbhgegk| mwi|wpg bkl ogdìg zpbm|dmg} |a fbklig

gegphgkmdg}) za}}dìt dk maknwkm|dak xd|f |fg hia`bi

iahd}|dm azgpb|ap} }wmf b} LFI) WZ]) Bpbeg ap

Oglgpbi Gzpg}}+

\fg `gkg|} a pgiamb|dkh ebkwbm|wpdkh |a

iaxgp xbhg} mawk|pdg} bpg xbkdkh }a wp|fgp ma}|

pglwm|dak} gk|bdi eapg maezig bkl iakhgp iahd}|dm

mfbdk} |a ebcg |fg xapil ob||gp bkl |a gziad|

wiit |fg gmakaedg} a }mbig+ Ebkbhdkh maezigd|t

pgrwdpg} ibphgp dkvg}|egk|} ka| akit dk grwdzegk|

`w| bi}a dk fwebk mbzd|bi mbzbìg a fbklidkhwkw}wbi mdpmwe}|bkmg} bkl zgpapedkh ewi|dbmg|gl

|b}c} xd|f edkdebi }wzgpvd}dak+ Lw`bd d} gk|gpdkh

bkl mpgb|dkh b kgx gmakaedm hgahpbzft xfgpg

dkpb}|pwm|wpg bkl iahd}|dm} xd|f dk}|d|w|dakbi |pblg

bmdid|dg} xdii ewi|dzit azzap|wkd|dg} ap |pblg bkl

zpavdlg dk|gpkb|dakbi makkgm|glkg}} ap b pghdak |fb|

fb} `ggk) }a bp) ak |fg zgpdzfgpt a hia`bi }wzzit

mfbdk}+ \fd} xdii `g b }awpmg a ltkbedm maezbpb|dvg

`pgbcdkh |fg }fbmcig} a adi bkl hb} lgzgklgkmg ap

|fg pghdak+


28/31

07

@dìdahpbzft

Bkla) E+) Opbhegk|b|dak bkl _gp|dmbi Dk|pb%

Dklw}|pt \pblg dk Gb}| B}db) Kap|f Begpdmbk Nawpkbia Gmakaedm} bkl Odkbkmg) 28>=) 078%062) 0::?+

@b|pb) L+ N+ Nbdkdklgp bkl ]+ ]beggz) CZD Eb|pd

ap Azgpb|dakbi Iahd}|dm} zbzgp zpgzbpgl ap |fg

Hia`bi Iahd}|dm} / ]wzzit Mfbdk Ebkbhgegk|

]zgmdbid~b|dak b| ]Z Nbdk Mgk|pg a ebkbhgegk|)

]dkhbzapg wklgp |fg }wzgpvd}dak a P+ B}gpcbp) L+

Fbppd}) bkl P+ Cpd}fkbk) Bzpdi 0::4+

Hpw`gi) Fgp`gp| H+ bkl Zg|gp N+ Iiatl) Dk|pb

Dklw}|pt |pblg> \fg \fgapt bkl Egb}wpgegk| AO

dk|gpkb|dakbiit |pblg dk Ldgpgk|db|gl Zpalwm|}

Xdigt) Kgx Tapc 2487+

Fbw}ebk) Xbppgk F+) Igg) Fbw bkl

]w`pbebkdbk) Web) Hia`bi Iahd}|dm} Dkldmb|ap})

]wzzit Mfbdk Eg|pdm}) bkl @dib|gpbi \pblg Zb||gpk}

Xapil @bkc Zaidmt Pg}gbpmf Xapcdkh Zbzgp Ka+

=88= &Kavge`gp 0::7$3 Bvbdibìg b| ]]PK> f||z>!!

}}pk+mae!b`}|pbm|56?4444

Cb}bplb) N+ L+) Bdpzap| Md|dg}> \fg Gvaiw|dak)

Mfbz|gp 2+ Dk}dhf| Egldb) Iaklak 0::6+

Ebtgp) \fdgppt) Ebpcg| Za|gk|dbi bkl

Lgvgiazegk| `bmchpawkl zbzgp ap XLP 0::4)

Xapil @bkc) 0::6) bvbdibìg b| f||z>!!gmak+

xapil`bkc+aph!xlp 0::6

Aphbkd~b|dak oap Gmakaedm Maazgpb|dak bkl

Lgvgiazegk|) Dk|pbdklw}|pt bkl Dk|pbpe \pblg

bkl |fg Dk|gpkb|dakbid}b|dak a Zpalwm|dak) AGML

Gmakaedm Aw|iaac) 82>2) 274%28:) 0::0+

Aphbkd~b|dak oap Gmakaedm Maazgpb|dak

bkl Lgvgiazegk|) \pblg bkl |fg GmakaedmPgmavgpt) bvbdibìg b| f||z>!!xxx+agml+aph!

lb|bagml!76!78!

Dk|gpkb|dakbi \pblg bkl X\A Bmmg}}dak &Ebpmf

0::]]PK> f||z>!!}}pk+mae!b`}|pbm|5686674

]|gmcg) C+) bkl ]+ Cwebp) ]awpmg} a ]wzzit

Mfbdk Ld}pwz|dak}) Obm|ap} \fb| @pggl _wikgpb`did|t)

bkl Ed|dhb|dkh ]|pb|ghdg}) Nawpkbi a Ebpcg|dkh

Mfbkkgi}) 2? &=$) 24=%00?) LAD 0::4+

\fapzg) E+ bkl ^+ ^fbkh) ]|wlt a |fg

Egb}wpgegk| bkl Lg|gpedkbk|} a Dk|pb%Dklw}|pt

\pblg dk Gb}| B}db) B}dbk Gmakaedm Nawpkbi) 24>0)0=2%0

Pg}fbzdkh Gmakaedm Hgahpbzft Xb}fdkh|ak)

0::6+


29/31

0? Lw`bd Xapil Mgk|pbi bkl |fg Gvaiw|dak a Lw`bd Iahd}|dm Miw}|gp

Odh+ B2 Xapil Gzap| \pgkl} `t Pghdak &Dklg 0:::52::$

\b`ig B2 % Igbldkh Xapil Ebpd|deg Zap|} `t \a|bi Eb}} Bm|wbi \GW

&\GW) \xgk|t%oaa| Grwdvbigk| Wkd|$

Pbkc Zap| kbeg Mawk|pt \GW] 0::4 \GW] 0::6

2 ]dkhbzapg ]dkhbzapg 07)6??)


30/31

08

\b`ig B0 Maezakgk|} ao Iahd}|dm} Zgpoapebkmg Dklg

Gzap| \deg / Ma}| Dezap| \deg / Ma}|

Zap| ap bdpzap| }wzzit mfbdk Ibkl }wzzit mfbdk Zap| ap bdpzap| }wzzit mfbdk Ibkl }wzzit mfbdk

Ld}|bkmg

Igbl

|deg Ma}| Ld}|bkmg

Igbl

|deg Ma}| Ld}|bkmg

Igbl

|deg Ma}| Ld}|bkmg

Igbl

|deg Ma}|

&ce}$ &lbt}$ &W],$ &ce}$ &lbt}$ &W],$ &ce}$ &lbt}$ &W],$ &ce}$ &lbt}$ &W],$

Hgpebkt 480+27 =+?= ?20


31/31

Lw`bd Dk|gpkb|dakbi Odkbkmdbi Mgk|pg &LDOM$

\fg Hb|g) Igvgi 2 #482 < =?0 0===Gebdi> dkoaJldom+bg

difc - dubai world central and the evolution of dubai logistic cluster

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