Brooke Paulsen Brooke Paulsen Shivani PatelShivani Patel

Aekta PatelAekta PatelAnceline BelzinceAnceline Belzince

Payton DuranPayton Duran

Your Guide to the Digestive System!

New information about the appendix on page 6!

Find out about gallstones on page 8!

MouthMouth The mouth is the

origination of the digestive tract.

The teeth and salivary glands aid in breaking down food for digestion.

The tonsils aid against infections.

Includes tongue, salivary glands, teeth, and pharynx.

Page 1

Esophagus

A tube that connects the mouth area to the stomach.

A muscular organ which moves food down by contracting in a coordinated fashion from the upper to the lower esophagus. This contraction is called peristalsis.

There is a sphincter at the lower end of the esophagus which prevents stomach acid from coming up into the esophagus.

Page 2

Stomach• An organ of digestion. • Muscular, J-shaped.• It is located in the upper

left quadrant of the abdomen, just beneath the diaphragm

• Food enters stomach from esophagus .

• Secretes gastric juice into the lumen (the hollow inside the stomach) and a hormone called gastrin into the blood.

• Consists of fundus, body, and pylorus.

Page 3

Large Large IntestineIntestine

Located in the abdominal cavity.

It is site of the last phases of digestion.

Consists of three segments: the cecum, the colon, and the rectum. Colon divides into ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, & sigmoid colon.

Responsible for the ingestion and digestion of foodstuffs.

Page 4

Small IntestineSmall Intestine• It is long coiled tube

located in the abdominal cavity.

• It is the major site of chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients by the body.

• Consists of three sections: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum.

• Longest section of the digestive system.

Page 5

AppendiAppendixx

• Closed-ended, narrow tube up to several inches in length that attaches to the cecum like a worm.

• Wall of the appendix contains lymphatic tissue that is part of the immune system for making antibodies.

• Like the rest of the colon, the wall of the appendix also contains a layer of muscle, but the layer of muscle is poorly developed.

Page 6

LiverLiver Largest gland and largest

internal organ in the human body (the skin is the largest organ overall).

Dark red, wedge-shaped gland approximately eight and a half inches long.

Located in the right side of the abdominal area just below the diaphragm and above the stomach.

Functions include production of bile, synthesis of protein, metabolism of hormones and medicines, regulation of glucose levels, and conversion of ammonia, a by-product of metabolism, into a less toxic form called urea.

Page 7

GallbladdeGallbladderr

• Organ of the gastrointestinal system involved in the storage and concentration of bile.

• Shaped like a deflated balloon or pear, and lies on the surface of the right lobe of the liver.

• Important to the proper digestion of fats.

• One of the most common disorders of the gallbladder occurs when cholesterol mixes with bile and calcium, forming gallstones.

Page 8

PancreasPancreas• Organ important in

digestion and blood sugar regulation.

• Produces digestive enzymes to be released into the small intestine to aid in reducing food particles to basic elements that can be absorbed by the intestine and used by the body.

• Pear-shaped organ about 6 in (15 cm) long located in the middle and back portion of the abdomen.

Page 9