digital democracy: how the web is empowering citizens, and...

Digital Democracy: How the Web is empowering citizens,

and how Big Data Analytics affords better understanding of government

Ruli Manurung Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indonesia 21 August 2015

[email protected] http://staf.cs.ui.ac.id/~maruli http://bahasa.cs.ui.ac.id @rulimanurung

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…who am I? • Lecturer, Fasilkom UI (‘97-now)

• Ph.D: Informatics, Edinburgh University (‘98-‘03)

• Postdoc Research Fellow, Edinburgh University (‘03-‘06)

• Computer Science Stream Coordinator (‘09-now)

• Research interests: CL/NLP, AI, Image Processing

• Co-authored more than 80 peer-reviewed journal papers, book chapters, and conference papers

(or: just so you know, I’m NOT a social scientist!)

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Outline

• The Web: empowering citizens

– Giving everyone a voice

– Some personal reflections

– The value of open data

• Big Data Analytics: understanding of Gov’t

– 5 recent case studies

• Issues to investigate

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THE WEB GIVES EVERYONE A VOICE

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http://www.huffingtonpost.com/pierre-omidyar/social-media-enemy-of-the_b_4867421.html 5

This is not new…

But the scale, reach, interconnectedness, and virality of social media today completey redefines the impact! 6

Case in point: the “harmless” profile picture

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Some excess…

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Petitions: do they work? http://nasional.tempo.co/read/news/2015/04/29/063661924/di-balik-keputusan-jokowi-soal-mary-jane-ini-penjelasan-istana “Presiden Jokowi mendengar dan memperhatikan suara para aktivis kemanusiaan yang terus menemaninya dalam menjalankan tugas konstitusionalnya,” kata Pratikno. Menurut Pratikno, Presiden Jokowi percaya bahwa sinergi semacam ini harus terus dipertahankan pada masa yang akan datang. “Dalam kasus-kasus kemanusiaan, Presiden meminta para aktivis tidak lelah memberi masukan kepada Presiden dalam mengambil keputusan,” kata Pratikno.

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Official channels: constituents to representatives

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Social media is

king

http://wikidpr.org/news/pola-komunikasi-wakil-rakyat-di-twitter 11

A direct line to government

• Trackable • Instantaneous • Accumulative • Accountable • Social

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PILPRES 2014: A PERSONAL REFLECTION

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It started with a tweet…

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Kompas.com, that afternoon:

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Later that week…

• Crowdsource C1 counts from KPU scans

• Mitigate manipulation (random TPS assignment)

• Streamlined UX (fast entry) • Open to all, but must

authenticate users • Share to FB/Twitter: make

it viral

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What happened next will amaze you

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http://www.kawalpemilu.org

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THE VALUE OF OPEN DATA

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The enabling factor: KPU Open Data

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The Web makes data accessible (policy + practicality)

http://bumn.go.id/berita/19213

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http://www.mahkamahkonstitusi.go.id/public/content/infoumum/pengumuman/pdf/PermohonanPrabowoHattaPerbaikan.pdf 24

BIG DATA ANALYTICS: UNDERSTANDING OF GOV’T

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#1: (Barberá, 2014)

Using Twitter-follower graph network analysis to estimate political leaning.

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Twitter: “Echo chamber” effect

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#2: (Tsur et al., 2015)

Topic modelling to track framing during political campaigning

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Illustrative analysis: Which party is more on-message?

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#3: (Card et al., 2015)

Identify 15 framing dimensions, use to track across issues 34

#4: (Sim et al., 2015)

Measuring ideological principles based on political speeches 37

#5: (Wan & Paris, 2015)

How do the most-shared news issues correlate with expert-judged issues? How does this shift over time?

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Sneak preview: homegrown research

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Issues to investigate

• Citizen crowdsourcing: incentive models

• Echo chamber effect

• Hoax detection

• Media framing

Of interest for both social scientists & computer scientists! A very fertile area for developing computational social science

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digital democracy: how the web is empowering citizens, and...

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