digital libraries, k. stefanov
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Modern repositories for storage of scientific information
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Krassen Stefanov
FMI, Director UCC
04/09/23
NIS-SU
Digital Library (Repository)
• Library in which collections are stored in digital formats (as opposed to print, microform, or other media) and accessible by computers
• The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks
• A digital library is a type of information retrieval system
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Main functions
• offer the outputs to the world
• maximise the visibility and enhance impact
• showcase and sell results / products
• to collect and curate digital collections
• to manage research and teaching activities
• workspace for collaborative projects
• development and sharing of digital teaching
materials and aids
• access to student achievements04/09/23
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Some issues
• How to collect content
• How to look after the content
• How to add value to the content
• How to share information with other digital libraries
• How to offer services to end users
• How to ensure legally sound operations
• How to ensure interoperability
• How to make it sustainable04/09/23
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Metadata
• Data about data
• Describe various characteristics of the digital objects stored in the library
• Used for cataloguing purposes
• Many standards available (metadata schemes)
• There is no official only one standard set
• Dublin Core (DC) is de-facto standard
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Open Access Initiative (OAI)
• Main goal: open access as the worldwide electronic distribution of peer-reviewed literature and completely free and unrestricted access to it by all scientists, scholars, teachers, students and other curious minds
• First declared in Budapest, best known as Berlin Declaration (http://www.openarchives.org/)
• Includes (a) authors grant free access to users; (b) full version available in at least one digital library
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OAI Protocols
• OAI-PMH: Protocol for Metadata Harvesting – for exposing all metadata descriptions in the digital library for free use of others
(http://www.openarchives.org/pmh/ )
• OAI-ORE: Object Reuse and Exchange – for exchange of digital objects (mainly for software programs providing authoring, exchange, reuse, visualization etc. of all digital objects in the digital library) (http://www.openarchives.org/ore/ )
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European picture
• In 2006 about 230 institutes had at least one digital library established
• In last two years at least one new library was created daily
• More than 95% of European digital libraries support OAI (mostly through OAI-PMH)
• eContent and eContentplus program
• Two big initiatives: DRIVER and Europeana
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DRIVER
• Digital Repository Infrastructure Vision for European Research (currently DRIVER II)
• Main goal: to create a knowledge base for European research
• DRIVER I funded under FP6, DRIVER II under FP7 http://www.driver-support.eu/
• Includes only OAI-compliant libraries
• Members from almost all European countries
• Many subject-specific libraries
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EUROPEANA
• Common multilingual access point which will make it possible to search Europe’s distributed digital cultural heritage online
• http://www.europeana.eu/
• Many projects aiming to achieve the goal
• Bulgarian National Library included
• Part of the European i2010 Initiative
• Online from 20 November 2008
• All work coordinated by EDL Foundation04/09/23
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Features (2)
• Provide more comprehensive user feedback (rating and annotating)
• Recommendations and tagging services• Scheduler (user wizards and workflow
management)• User wizards and workflow management• User Authentication and user management
services
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Features (3)
• Community vizualization and navigation Service
• Community participation Service
• Interactive creation of metadata records using the RICK tool
• Organize resources as favourites by a user via tags
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Share.TEC system architecture
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Share.TEC Repository
• Share.TEC Repository (or central repository) is the main component
• Contains metadata representing resources from the Teacher Education (TE) domain
• Metadata are stored in CMM format• OAI-PMH protocol is used for search an retrieving
metadata in CMM format from partners and external repositories
• Contains the representation of TEO (Teacher Education Ontology)
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OAI-PMH Harvester
• Special computer program which periodically connects to all metadata sources
• Collect new instances of metadata from this sources
• Validation of the collected metadata through the validation service
• Publishes collected metadata to central repository via SPI (Simple Publishing Interface) protocol
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Share.TEC Web Portal
• Multilingual user interface
• Personalization
• Queries in the user’s native language
• Simple and advanced range of parameters for query filtering
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Share.TEC Web Portal (2)
• Key parameter values automaticaly set in accordance with user profile
• Based on TEO a multidimensional data search
• Automatic ranking of search results in accordance with user profile characteristics
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Partner’s and external repositories
• External well-known digital repositories, containing relevant TE domain metadata, as well as the local repositories established at each project partner site are essential component of the system
• To support of CMM metadata records a specific program called MMF (Metadata Migration Facility) is provided which main role is translate from well known metadata formats to CMM format.
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RICK (Resource Integration Companion Kit)
• RICK is a comprehensive tool for the creation of new metadata records
• Provides support to individual user setting some of the metadata fields’ values automatically (e.g. file type, owner, date, keywords, etc.) and offering a web form for filling the required and optional field from CMM metadata format
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User functions
User functions can be classified into several groups:– Account management functions– Profile management functions– Searching and navigation functions– Authoring functions
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Account management functions
• These are functions related to creating and removing user accounts, logging in and out of the system and password reset. They are: register, unregister, log-in, log-out, password reset, profile change.
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Profile management functions
• These functions allow the user to modify his/her profile and customize how Share.TEC presents information. They are: personal profile, custom front page, preferences, multilingual interface.
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Searching and navigation functions
• These functions provide the ability to browse, filter, and search the data which is stored at Share.TEC repository. They are: browsing (navigation), searching, filtering, and alerts.
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Browsing (Navigation)
This function allows the user to browse the Share.TEC repository using different navigation paths based on TEO.
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Searching
• To perform searching queries against Share.TEC data the user provides a list of search criteria.
• The searching function provides the used with forms to fill-in these criteria, performs the actual search and provides results back to the user.
• Searching for registered users may be fine-tuned by searching preferences provided by the user in his/her profile.
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Faceted search (filtering)
• This function is similar to the searching in a way that it also allows the user to set criteria for filtering information.
• The user is only given facets and constraints that make sense in the context of the items they are looking at.
• The user always knows what to expect before they apply a constraint
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Search Alerts
• users may set an automatic notification system which is triggered whenever the user condition is fulfilled.
• users receive alerts when: – new content with specific properties is being added
to the repository by the community, – existing content has passed a predefined ranking
threshold or – a new actor with specific properties is registered.
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Authoring functions
• These functions allow the user to contribute to the Share.TEC content by providing annotations, ranking and additional references. They are: annotation, ranking, enriching, and adding references.
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Availability of user functions
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FunctionAvailability for users
UnregisteredRegistered
Logged out Logged in
1. Account managementRegister (sign up) Yes Yes –Unregister – – YesLog in – Yes –Log out – – YesPassword reset – Yes –
2. Profile managementPersonal profile – – YesCustom front page – – YesPreferences – – YesMultilingual interface Yes Yes Yes
3. Searching and navigationBrowsing Yes Yes YesBasic Searching Yes Yes YesAdvanced Searching – – YesBasic Filtering Yes Yes YesAdvanced Filtering – – YesAlerts – Yes Yes
4. AuthoringAnnotation – – YesRanking – – YesAdding metadata – – Yes