digital living and social networks
DESCRIPTION
Digital Living and Social Networks. Alessio Malizia, Prof., PhD , Computer Engineering Dep. University Carlos III of Madrid, Spain [email protected] .es. dei.inf.uc3m.es [email protected]. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Madrid. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Informatics at UC3M. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Digital Living and Social Networks
Alessio Malizia, Prof., PhD,Computer Engineering Dep.University Carlos III of Madrid, [email protected]
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Madrid
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Informatics at UC3M• The degree in Informatics Engineering of Universidad Carlos III of Madrid has the
following principal distinctive features: ▫ 4-year education, taking 240 credits. Internationalization, as it is a degree that is adapted to
the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). ▫ Possibility of choosing English/Spanish bilingual education. New teaching methods adapted
to the EHEA that include ongoing evaluation, group work, etc., to quantify all the student’s work, not just that in the classroom.
▫ Large practical component, as at least 40% of total credit weight is dedicated to tutored laboratory practicum.
▫ Existence of teaching resources adjusted to the number of students, with classrooms and laboratories where a computer per student is available in many cases.
▫ Possibility of carrying out in-company internships. Possibility of studying in Europe through Erasmus exchanges. There are currently agreements with a number of universities.
▫ Outstanding dedication of the teaching faculty who are highly experienced and are in constant contact with the student.
• All these features have enabled Informatics Engineering at Universidad Carlos III of Madrid to hold second place in the NATIONAL ranking of degrees published in "El Mundo" newspaper in May 2008, and the employability of these graduates is 100%, just as soon as they finish their studies and even before.
DEI Lab @ UC3m
•Web applications•Information access•Interactive systems
Outline•Digital Living •Social Networks as
▫Science▫Technology▫Popular Culture
•Developing for Cooperation▫Tagging▫Mash-ups
•Conclusions
EntertainmentCommunicatio
n & Collaboration
Daily Life
Working andLearning
Evolution of Digital Living
e-mailwebsite
e-commercetools
e-businesstools
environmentfor network
digitalecosystems
DigitalInteraction
living
Extent of economical impact, organizational change and sophistication*
Internal/ExternalCommunications
Visibility and diffusion of information
On-line market and paymentsMaximize accessibility to global markets
Supply ChainsValue-chain integrationReduction of distribution costs
OutsourcingVirtual Enterprises
CrowdsourcingKnowledge sharingWeb Services and Solutions
People, community, SocietyErgonomyContent ManagementDigital Rights ManagementManagement of Change
Focus switch
Technology
Computers
Supercomputers
Programming Optimization
Applications and Services
People
Mobile Devices
Usability, Universal Access
DIGITAL INTERACTION
Perspective on UsersUser
Customer
Producer or Consumer
Stand Alone
Participant
Designer
Producer and Consumer
Interconnected
User Participant
Perspective on UsersUser
Customer
Producer or Consumer
Stand Alone
Participant
Designer
Producer and Consumer
Interconnected
Audience Designer
Perspective on UsersUser
Customer
Producer or Consumer
Stand Alone
Participant
Designer
Producer and Consumer
Interconnected
Consumer and Producer
Consumer and Producer
Perspective on UsersUser
Customer
Producer or Consumer
Stand Alone
Participant
Designer
Producer and Consumer
Interconnected
Stand alone Interconnected
Outline•Digital Living •Social Networks as
▫Science▫Technology▫Popular Culture
•Developing for Cooperation▫Tagging▫Mash-ups
•Conclusions
Social Networks
social networks as science•Social network analysis is an
interdisciplinary social science, but has been of special concern to sociologists.
•Recently, physicists and mathematicians have made large contributions to understanding networks in general (as graphs) and thus contributed to an understanding of social networks too.
social networks as science• [Social network analysis] is grounded in the
observation that social actors [i.e., people] are interdependent and that the links [i.e., relationships] among them have important consequences for every individual [and for all of the individuals together]. ... [Relationships] provide individuals with opportunities and, at the same time, potential constraints on their behavior. ... Social network analysis involves theorizing, model building and empirical research focused on uncovering the patterning of links among actors. It is concerned also with uncovering the antecedents and consequences of recurrent patterns. (from Linton C. Freeman)
social networks as science•A and B are “structurally
equivalent” because they connect to the same people and thus have equivalent positions in the network.
B
A
social networks as scienceCentrality is computed from the number of
direct connections between nodes.
Diane is central (6/9);Jane is not (1/9).
orgnet.com/sna.html
social networks as science• if you’re a boy in this
network (a triangle) • and you want to meet a
girl (a circle), • who are you going to call
for an introduction?
Bridge
social networks as technology•email, newsgroups, and weblogs.
•In the design of the arpanet (the forerunner to the internet) email was an afterthought!
social networks as technology•search engines: e.g., Google (www.google.com)
▫Google’s Page Rank algorithm gives more weight to popular webpages.
▫A webpage is considered popular if many other webpages link to it.
•collaborative filtering and/or recommender systems; e.g., amazon.com’s feature: “People who bought this book also bought...”
•Amazon Mechanical Turk▫Artificial Artificial Intelligence
social networks as technology
http://quartz.syr.edu/rdlankes/blog/?cat=5
social networks as popular culture
social networks as popular culture• e.g., six degrees of kevin bacon• bacon number: definition
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon▫kevin bacon has a bacon number of 0▫an actor, A, has a bacon number of 1 if s/he
appeared in a movie with kevin bacon▫an actor, B, has a bacon number of 2 if s/he
appear in a movie with A▫etc.
•Try it at http://oracleofbacon.org/
social networks as popular culture• Social software; e.g., facebook, friendster, orkut,
tribe, etc.• Recall the article by danah boyd: what happens to
social networks when they are explicitly declared?▫“[danah] emphasize[s] how users have repurposed
the technology to present their identity and connect in personally meaningful ways while the architect works to define and regulate acceptable models of use.”
• To understand “artificial” social networks we need to rethink the social scientific concepts of “equivalence,” “centrality,” even “node” and “link.”
Outline•Digital Living •Social Networks as
▫Science▫Technology▫Popular Culture
•Developing for Cooperation▫Tagging▫Mash-ups
•Conclusions
Developing for Cooperation
By Gerhard Fisher
Collaborative Tagging and Folksonomies•“Collaborative tagging” is used to
describe the process by which people create and share their metadata tags
•“Folksonomies” refers to the actual output, or the tags themselves.
Folksonomies• Folksonomies (known also as “social classifications”) are
user created metadata.
• They are a grassroots community classification of digital assets.
• The term “folksonomy” was created by Thomas Vander Val and represents a merging of the terms “folk” and “taxonomy.”
• One form of explicit user created metadata was popularized in the late 1990s with link-focused websites called weblogs
Where are folksonomies found?• Folksonomies are found in social bookmarks managers such as
Del.icio.us (http://del.icio.us/) and Furl (http://www.furl.net/), which allow users to:▫ Add bookmarks of sites they like to their personal collections of links▫ Organize and categorize these sites by adding their own terms, or
tags ▫ Share this collection with other people with the same interests.
• The tags are used to collocate bookmarks: ▫ (a) within a user’s collection; and ▫ (b) across the entire system, e.g., the page http://del.icio.us/tag/blogging
will show all bookmarks that are tagged with “blogging” by any user.
• There are no clearly defined relations between and among the terms in the vocabulary, unlike formal taxonomies and classification schemes
Popular folksonomy sites•Del.icio.us (http://del.icio.us)•Flickr (http://www.flickr.com)•Frassle (http://www.frassle.org)•Furl (http://www.furl.net)•Simpy (http://www.simpy.com)•Spurl (http://www.spurl.com)•Technorati (http://www.technorati.com)
Web Mashups•Mashup is a Web page or application that uses and combines data, presentation or functionality from two or more sources to create new services.
Web Tools for Mashups
An example (eStorys)
Tools for Mashups•Different tools to create mashups
▫Yahoo Pipes▫Microsoft PopFly▫Google Mashups (deprecated from January
2009)▫Marmite▫Karma▫IBM’s QEDWiki▫JackBe▫Dojo
Conclusions•Digital Living is for people not for Users
▫Ubiquitous▫Tangible▫Integration
•New models for design and participation•Tools for end-users development•Web 3.0 vs Web 2.0