Digital Sensor System

COMPACT SYSTEMEngineered from robust, off-the-shelf components and designed for the airborne environment, the DSS combines a fully integrated Applanix POS AV system (aided inertial technology) with a precision digital metric camera, in a small, ruggedized, easy to install package. As a medium-format system, data capacity is easily manageable and workflow oriented.

COMPLETE SOLUTIONDesigned to generate high-quality color and CIR (color infrared) directly georeferenced digital imagery, the DSS produces an accurate and radiometrically consistent product with 0.05m to 1m GSD (ground sample distance). The complete workflow from data capture to georeferenced, calibrated inagery is controlled using optimized Applanix software.

COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGEInstalled and operational in under an hour, the DSS is optimized for small block/irregular areas/corridor/rapid response surveys. The directly georeferenced imagery streamlines the production workflow with a corresponding cost advantage. Pilot operated and easily installed on single engine aircraft and helicopter platforms, the DSS offers an increase in performance and a marked reduction in operating costs.

The DSS Digital Sensor System is a ready-to-use, directly georeferenced, medium-format, airborne digital camera. It is the digital imaging answer for aerial survey and remote sensing applications requiring a rapid, cost-effective solution. A mapping-quality alternative to large-format sensors, the DSS offers a compact system, a complete solution, and a competitive advantage.

www.applanix.com/dssGIS

ApplicationsRemote Sensing

ApplicationsPhotogrammetry

ApplicationsRapid Response

ApplicationsInfrastructure

ApplicationsSystem

Specifications

HIGH QUALITY

Now in its third generation, the DSS combines all the benefits of Applanix aided inertial technology, systems integration and innovative engineering expertise to provide:

EXCEPTIONAL VALUE

OUTSTANDING SUPPORT

The DSS system comes complete with:• Sensor Head • Aziumth Mount• IMU• POS AVTM

• FMS• Camera Control System• Software Bundle

Rapid Response Digital Sensing

Fully calibrated camera/digital back/exoskeleton assemblySingle axis, automatically controlled mountHard-mounted Inertial Measurement UnitDirect Georeferencing SystemFlight Management SystemData Logging ComputerImagery and POS AV data Post-Processing

AUTOMATED RADIOMETRIC CORRECTION •High-qualityradiometrically-consistentimagery •Improvedcoloruniformity

RAPID DEPLOYMENT •Installedandoperationalwithinanhour •Flownonsingleengineaircraftorlighthelicopterplatforms •Pilot-controlledoperationusingbuilt-inautomatedFlight

ManagementSystem

BUILT-IN DIRECT GEOREFERENCING AND SENSOR CALIBRATION •Noneedforlabor-intensiveandtimeconsumingaerotriangulation •NoneedforstereomodelsetupwhenusingexistingDigital

ElevationModels

QUICK DATA TURNAROUND •End-to-enddigitalprocessingeliminatesfilm

developmentandscanningdelays •Automatedsoftwaretoolsallowhands-offbatch

processingofdataanddigitalimagery •Industrystandardoutputformatsallowdirect

dataimportintophotogrammetricandGISsystems

COST ADVANTAGES FOR SMALL/IRREGULAR AREAS •Lowsystemmobilization,operationand

acquisitioncosts •Medium-formatfootprintminimizescollectionof

unnecessarydata •Integratedworkflowreducesmanpowercosts

Responding to the needs of organizations involved in image collection for GIS projects, the DSS generates georeferenced digital images that can be quickly integrated into your GIS system.

GIS: DSS Advantages

Emergeisaninnovative,leadingedgephotogrammetriccompanylocatedinAndover,Massachusetts,anorganizationwithextensiveexperienceinacquiringdigitalimageryforairbornemapping,GISandremotesensingapplicationsforagriculture,transportationplanning,andenvironmentalresearchandanalysis.Thecompanyprovideshigh-qualityorthorectifieddigitalimageproductstoanumberofcounty,state,andfederalgovernmentagenciesfortheirparticularland-usestudies.

CHALLENGEThechallengefacingEmergewastogenerateorthorectifieddigitalimagerytomeettheneedsofforestryGISprofessionalsbyprovidingahigh-qualityandcost-effectiveproductinashortamountoftime.Multispectralsatellitedataortheimagerygeneratedusingstandardformataerialcamerasdonotalwaysprovidethebestsolutionforlocalizedforestedareas,particularly

whenhigh-resolutionimagesandfastturnaroundtimesarewarranted.

SOLUTIONEmergequicklyrecognizedtheproblemandsawtheDSSsystemastheidealsolution.MikeBurnett,SalesManagerwithEmergeexplained,“Forforestryapplicationsofthistypewehaveadoptedadifferentapproach.Byutilizingamedium-formatsystemwecanconfineourdataacquisitionveryeffectively,tojustthearearequired.Shortturnaroundtimesareeasilyaccommodatedbecauserapidmobilizationand

efficientdataprocessingarekeyfeaturesoftheDSS.”

RESULT“Oncetheimagerywascapturedwewereabletogeneratethemosaicsveryquickly,aresultofthesystem’sdirectgeoreferencingcapability,whichisatremendousadvantagewhentreesareinfullleafandregulargroundcontrolsurveylocationsare

obscured,”Burnettsaid.“WecaneasilygenerateorthophotosandformatthedataasTIFandTFWimagefiles,knowingtheimagequalityisexcellent.”

ByemployingtheDSSonprojectswhereirregularshapedareasarecommon,Emergehasbeenabletocapitalizeonthesystem’suniqueadvantages,namelyrapiddeployment,directgeoreferencing,andefficientdigitalprocessing,

whichtogethermakeitaverycosteffectivesystem.WiththiscapabilityEmergehasbeensuccessfullyproducingorthorectifiedcolorandcolorinfrareddigitalimageryonaregularbasisfortheforestindustry.

GIS: Case Study Client: Emerge

“The simple installation and operatingcharacteristics of the DSS system has really

streamlined our image acquisition capabilities and positioned us very competitively”

Mike Burnett, Emerge

Color Infrared imagery for the forestry industry.

Based in Lincoln, Nebraska, Cornerstone Mapping is a small aerial survey and mapping organization, prominent in the geomatics community for providing specialized geospatial image data. The company was formed in 2002 with a mandate to provide high-resolution digital imaging for integration with the burgeoning GIS community in the company’s home state. With a multi-task-oriented staff, the company successfully undertakes a variety of projects, from corridor mapping, to environmental assessment, to location-specific image acquisition, operating a single-engine Cessna 182 equipped with a turnkey DSS Digital Sensor System.

CHALLENGEIn the spring of 2005, the company was tasked with generating accurate, orthorectified digital imagery for Lancaster County, and for the cities of Norfolk, Grand Island, Hastings, Kearney, and Lincoln. The imagery was required by several of the cities’ public works departments, engineering and county assessors’ offices, as well as the Lincoln Police Department and Lincoln Electric System. Two different image scales would be required, six inch resolution for the cities, to enable planimetric, hydrographic and infrastructure

details to be easily identified, and one foot resolution for the county.

SOLUTION To meet the project’s specific requirements, Cornerstone Mapping used the DSS, designed for accurate, high-resolution image acquisition. The company had been using a similar imaging technology with a GPS/IMU configuration which had worked very well for the projects previously undertaken. However, expanding into applications requiring better horizontal and vertical accuracies required a system that could deliver a much improved product. The DSS system’s accurate radiometry and medium-format digital imaging capability proved the ideal technology for these types of projects.

RESULTWith the requirement for leaf-off imagery the timelines were tight, but with the all-digital approach to image acquisition, data processing and final product delivery, the project was successfully completed within the scheduled timeframe. The imagery was captured over a five week period, April through early May, allowing

GIS: Case Study Client: Cornerstone Mapping, Inc.

the orthophotos to be delivered progressively, and in the clients’ hands by the end of June. All the cities were flown with a 45% forward lap except for Hastings, which required stereo coverage and a corresponding 60% overlap for photogrammetric data capture generating 2’contour information. The DSS system’s direct georeferencing capability was a key component in the rapid data turnaround, being able to quickly generate the orthophotos required.

The versatility of the digital imagery and its compatibility with the various GIS systems utilizing the data became readily apparent, with the multiple applications required from a single project. Power line planning and analysis, Public Works municipal planning, in-cruiser imaging technology for the police department’s mobile crime unit, and the City of Lincoln’s web page, all used the DSS image data for their specific applications.

GIS: Case Study Client: Cornerstone Mapping, Inc.

“I do all the flying for the company and thepilot-only capability of the DSS has proved to

be very efficient and cost-effective.”

Aaron Schepers, Owner and Company President.

EASY TO SWITCH BETWEEN COLOR AND CIR MODES •Easilyconvertedfromstandardcolorimageacquisitiontohigh-

qualityCIRimagery

HIGHLY SENSITIVE PIXEL ARRAY PROVIDES UNMATCHED RADIOMETRY •AutomaticradiometriccorrectionwithintheCCDarray •Consistentcolorbalancing

BUILT-IN DIRECT GEOREFERENCING •Noneedforlabor-intensiveandtimeconsumingaerotriangulation •Allowsforaquick,smoothworkflowwhengeneratingorthophotos

COST ADVANTAGE FOR SMALL PROJECTS •Directdigitalimagingeliminatescostlyfilmandscanning

expenditures •SwitchontheflybetweenColorandCIR •Increasedradiometryallowsformoreflyingdays •Highaccuracylevelmaintained •Economicaltooperate

High radiometric dynamics and Color/CIR capabilities make the DSS the system of choice for Remote Sensing and Classification data collection.

Remote Sensing: DSS Advantages

SpaceImagingisaleadingsupplierofvisualgeographicinformationproductsandrelatedservicesinimageprocessinganddigitalgeospatialtechnologydevelopment.Thecompanyofferseffectivesolutionsanddecision-supporttoolsforavarietyofenvironmental,business,economic,andsecuritychallengesworldwide.CHALLENGETheOregonDepartmentofTransportation(ODOT)requiredaseriesofcolorinfrareddigitalimagesofthetransportationcorridorssurroundingallthemajorhighwaysinthestate,andSpaceImagingwastaskedwithmappingsensitiveresourcesforODOT.Theprojectinvolved6,000linearmiles(9,600

kms)ofhighwaytobeflownatanaltitudewhichgenerateda500ftswathwidthoneachsideofthehighwaycenterline.DetailedanalysisoftheimagerywasundertakenbyremotesensingspecialiststodeterminethelocationofresourceswithinthetransportationcorridorforODOT’smaintenancecrews.

SOLUTION“BasedonourpastexperiencewiththeDSS,weknewthesystemwastherightsolution

forthisproject.Itsattributesmatchedthejobrequirementsperfectly,”JimMuckenhouptexplained.“Thesystem’sexceptionalradiometryplusthespecifiedtwofootGSD(GroundSampleDistance)gaveusthatimage-definitionadvantagethatsimplifiedthedatainterpretationprocess.

RESULT ThesekeyattributesenabledSpaceImagingtoquicklyandefficientlyanalyzetheimagesandextracttheinformationtheyrequired.In

addition,theDSSsystem’smediumformatfootprint,directgeoreferencingcapability,andsemi-automaticprocessingallowedforacompletedigitalworkflow,whichenabledSpaceImaging’sfurthervalue-addedprocessingtobecompletedwellaheadofschedule.

Remote Sensing: Case Study Client: Space Imaging

“We have used DSS digital imagery for several of our analysis projects and it always delivers

consistent, excellent quality, which makes feature identification a much more efficient task,”

Jim Muckenhoupt, Space ImagingColor Infrared drainage pattern wetlands.

Kingwood Forestry Services is a full service Forestry consulting firm with extensive experience in providing leading-edge resource management services for the forest industry. Headquartered in Monticello, Arkansas, the company’s broad-based expertise lies in the management of private non-industrial forests, from planning and maintenance to value assessment and sales. With a team of highly-skilled professionals, Kingwood Forestry has maintained its position at the forefront of the industry by providing innovative solutions using the most efficient and effective technology.

CHALLENGEIn the past ten years the forest industry in the United States has seen many advances in information technology, and the environmental and commercial benefits these developments can bring. These include accurate and affordable Global Positioning Systems (GPS), hand held data recorders and associated software, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that are now even more user-friendly.

Kingwood had seen a corresponding shift in the technological sophistication of its client-base as well as their project requirements for aerial imagery, which included improvements in image quality, positional accuracy, and rapid data turnaround.

Kingwood had been generating orthorectified mosaics and orthoquads for forest resource management purposes, using a standard film-based methodology. The medium-format film cameras used generated an excellent product, but the imagery was subject to the delays and quality control issues associated with film processing, scanning and image orthorectification. Glen Dabney, President of Kingwood Forestry, began an exhaustive search for a digital system that would best suit his organization’s needs, and address those of his customers.

Remote Sensing: Case Study Client: Kingwood Forestry Services

SOLUTIONThe solution came with the acquisition of the DSS system, which had an almost immediate impact on Kingwood’s business, due to its efficient all-digital approach to data acquisition and handling. Generating directly georeferenced and radiometrically consistent image products was now possible with opportunities for both

wide-area coverage and color/CIR options using 35mm and 55mm lenses.

RESULTBy tailoring the functionality of the system to suit their clients’ particular project requirements, Kingwood’s workload increased dramatically. “With the ability to optimize air-time, and the greater operational window available with a digital system, we have broadened our capabilities to include time-dependent projects, such as those posed by the agricultural sector,” Glen Dabney commented. “However, the most significant attribute has been the availability of excellent customer support. There is always an experienced Applanix person we can contact for technical assistance, regardless of whether it is hardware or software related. If it requires an on-site visit, a complete re-installation, or just an over-the-phone answer to a processing

problem, the response is tremendous. When integrating a new technology into a fully operational business, there is always some trepidation. When we introduced

the DSS we expected compatibility and a smooth transition - Applanix provided it, without question.”

Remote Sensing: Case Study Client: Kingwood Forestry Services

“With the ability to optimize air-time, and the greater operational window

available with a digital system, we have broadened our capabilities to include

time-dependent projects, such as those posed by the agricultural sector.”

Glen Dabney, Kingwood Forestry

MAPPING GRADE SYSTEM AS CHARACTERIZED BY NASA STENNIS •MeetsUSGSandNASAimagegeometryandradiometrystandardsformappingoperations

COMPATIBLE WITH ALL MAJOR PROCESSING PLATFORMS •Georeferenceddigitalimageryiseasilyintegratedintoallindustrystandardsoftcopy

photogrammetricworkstationsandsoftwarepackages

INTEGRATED WORKFLOW FROM DATA COLLECTION TO ORTHOPHOTO PRODUCTION •Totallydigitalworkflowallowsasmooth,streamlinedoperation •Automatedsoftwaretoolsenablehands-offbatchprocessingofdigitaldata

QUICK DATA TURNAROUND •Rapiddeploymentcapability •Totallydigitalprocessfromdataacquisitionthroughproductdelivery

COST ADVANTAGE FOR SMALL BLOCK/CORRIDOR SURVEYS •Economicaltooperatewhencomparedtolarge-

formatsystemsundertakingsimilarprojects •Built-indirectgeoreferencingcapabilityeliminates

theneedforlabor-intensiveandtimeconsumingaerotriangulation

COMPACT, LOW-COST DEPLOYMENT •Compactdigitalsensoreasilyflownonsingleengine

aircraftorlighthelicopterplatforms •Pilot-controlledoperationusingbuilt-inautomated

FlightManagementSystem •Integratedcomputer-controlledazimuthmount

automaticallyremovescrabfromtheimagerymaximizingdigitalcoverage

Digital mapping requires clear and accurately georeferenced stereo images. The DSS system’s precision metric camera and integrated POS AV system generates calibrated digital imagery ideally suited to the photogrammetric mapping field.

Photogrammetry: DSS Advantages

IDEALLY SUITED TO LINEAR/STRIP MAPPING PROJECTS •Cameraarraysizeallowsefficientdatacaptureforlinearprojects •Directgeoreferencingeliminatestheneedforparallelflight

lineswhengeneratingstripmapping

COST ADVANTAGE FOR CORRIDOR SURVEYS •Fullyintegratedsystem,withoptimizedfootprint,iseconomical

tooperatecomparedtolarge-formatsystems •Built-indirectgeoreferencingcapabilityeliminatestheneed

forlabor-intensiveandtimeconsumingaerotriangulation •Maintainstraditionalphotogrammetricworkflow •Digitalproducteliminatesfilmpurchase,process,and

scanningcosts

QUICK DATA TURNAROUND •Rapiddeploymentcapability •Totallydigitalprocessfromdataacquisitionthrough

productdelivery

COMPACT, LOW-COST DEPLOYMENT •Compactdigitalsensoreasilyflownonsingleengine

aircraftorlighthelicopterplatforms •Pilot-controlledoperationusingbuilt-inautomated

FlightManagementSystem •Integratedcomputer-controlledazimuthmount

automaticallyremovescrabfromtheimageryformaximumcorridordatapositioning

Efficient linear-based data capture projects require location-specific information without the excess data bordering the area. The DSS system’s footprint makes it ideal for collecting just the areas required for pipeline/hydro corridor topography and planimetry.

Infrastructure Management: DSS Advantages

CHALLENGEAerialmodelingfortransmissionlinedesignandupgradeisquicklybecomingthepreferredmethodologyforhydroinfrastructuremanagement.Byemployingairbornesystemsalargeamountofdetailedinformationcanbecollectedinaveryshortamountoftime.ThisinformationisthenintegratedintoaCaddesignsystemandusedforcircuitupgrading,structuralanalysisornewcorridordesignwork.Theavailabilityofaccurategeoreferenceddigitalimageryisanimportantpartofthisprocess.

SOLUTION Aerialmodelingintegratessurveyinformation,digitalimagery,topographicdata,plusconstructionandprocurementdetailsintoasingleinformationsource.Generatingjustthearea

requiredcanbeanexpensiveundertakingusingalarge-formataerialcamerasystem.TheidealimagingsolutionforthistypeofapplicationistheDSS.Itsdigitalfootprintisideallysuitedtostrip-imagingprojectswhereaspecificdata-corridorisrequired,withverylittleimagecroppingneeded.TransmissionlinerouteselectioncanbeeffectivelyundertakenusingDSS-generatedimagerywithitsdirectgeoreferencingattributes,eliminatingtheneedforgroundsurveys,whichallowforsavingsinbothtimeandexpense,withoutcompromisingaccuracy.

RESULTFortheHydroindustryDSSimagingisefficient,cost-effectiveandaccurate.Byimportingspatially-correctdigitalimagerydirectlyintoaCaddesignsystem,existingvectordatacanbesuperimposedtoallowtheexactlocationofallproposedtransmissiontowers,polesandsubstationsetc,tobepreciselypositionedinatruetopographicenvironment.Thisenablesthedesignengineertomodelthetransmissionlineinthreedimensions,andbettervisualizecorridorterrain,encroachingvegetationandenvironmentalimpact,quicklytransferringtransmissionlinedesignfrom theofficetotherealworld.

Infrastructure Management: Applicaton Example

For the Hydro industry, DSS imaging is efficient, cost-effective and accurate. It’s digital footprint is

ideally suited to strip-imaging projects where a specific data-corridor is required, with very

little image cropping needed. Transmission line survey efficiently completed with the DSS.

Direct Georeferencing AdvantagesDirect Georeferencing with the DSS enables direct measurement of image Exterior Orientation parameters using the integrated POS AV system in conjunction with the digital imaging sensor.

Raw positioning data generated by the POS AV, are processed together with camera (sensor) location measurements, to calculate accurate position and orientation values for each image. These are referred to as Exterior Orientation parameters.

The Exterior Orientation parameters, together with the digital imagery, are input into a digital photogrammetric workstation, and data capture or image orthorectification performed.

THE ADVANTAGE OF DIRECTGEOREFERENCING

• The requirement for project wide tie-point matching and aerotriangulation (AT) can be drastically reduced or eliminated completely, resulting in enormous savings in data acquisition and processing time

• Limited ground control may be required only for quality control check point purposes, eliminating the need for a full ground survey

• Data workflow and quality control is streamlined and automatic

• Tight project deadlines are more achievable by eliminating extensive ground survey, and AT preparation/processing tasks

POS AV-DERIVED DIRECT GEOREFERENCING ALLOWS FOR:

• Stereo Model Mapping – typical photogrammetric model setup using a stereopair of photos or digital frame images used to determine 3D object point coordinatesAdvantage: reduction in time and cost – eg: projects involving medium-scale forested areas where point matching is difficult, georeferenced processing time is drastically reduced

• Single Photo Orthorectification – making use of currently available DTM data to generate accurate ground object position for digital orthophotosAdvantage: stereo coverage unnecessary, fewer photos required, corresponding reduction in film/scanning costs, short project turnaround times achievable

In addition to improving the productivity of more traditional aerial mapping applications, Direct Georeferencing is ideally suited to situations where ground control is simply not available, such as inhospitable environments, or in developing countries where ground surveys may be limited. It is also ideal for rapid mapping applications where ground control is not needed – in emergency situations such as forest fires and floods, or where environmental disasters have occurred, such as oil or chemical spills.

Direct Georeferencing AdvantagesThe advantage of integrating Direct Georeferencing into your workflow is readily apparent. A marked reduction in field survey and data processing operations is easily achievable, with corresponding savings in overall project time and expenditure.

Adding Direct Georeferencing to your workflow can completely eliminate the time-consuming aerotriangulation process. As a completely digital system, the DSS also eliminates costly film related procedures.

System SpecificationsDigital Sensor System (DSS) - Model 322

1. CameraArray Size: 22.2 MP: 4092 (along flight line) x

5436 (cross flight line)Pixel Size: 0.009 mmFilter Array: Color (VIS) or ColorIR (CIR)

Applanix AeroLens™ - Optics by Carl Zeiss:

Standard: 60.2 mm, F/3.5, FOV: crosstrack 44.2, alongtrack 34.0, diagonal 53.9 (CIR and VIS)Optional: 40.8 mm, F/4, FOV: crosstrack 61.9, alongtrack 48.6, diagonal 73.8 (CIR and VIS)

Exposure control Aperture priority (calibrated)Manual or Shutter priority

Light Metering Center weighted averageShutter: Electronically controlled focal planeShutter speed: 125 - 4000 (slower speeds not recommended)Aspect Ratio: 1:1Fill Factor: 70%Exposure Compensation: +- 2 EV in 1/3 EV steps

Max Exposure Rate: 2.5 sec +/- 0.05 sec 1 sigma

Sensor Head:Proprietary CCD mount,Ruggedized exoskeleton,Designed to hold geometric accuracy over RTCA/DO-160D shock /vibe spec to within 1 pixel**

Calibration: Terrestrial and Airborne calibration with full report

** When mounted on supplied shock isolators

2. Computer SystemData Logger

• Embedded OS• Internal pressurized disk drive for high altitude missions, approx 3500 image capacity• Removable disk drive (2), approx 3500 image capacity each

Navigation and Direct Georeferencing• Embedded Applanix POSTrack Integrated GPS/Inertial Direct Georeferencing and Flight Managment System• XTRACK Mission Planning software• Remote Pilot display with touch screen • Operator or pilot only operation mode• Panasonic Toughbook for operator interface• Real-time image, camera and POS status display

Tested and meets RTCA/DO-106D specs for shock and vibe when mounted in supplied shock isolated rack/shipping case

System Specifications3. PerformanceDirect Georeferencing, RMS

C/A GPS DGPS Post-ProcessedPosition (m) 4.0 - 6.0 0.3 - 2 0.05 - 0.3Velocity (m/s) 0.1 0.05 0.005Roll & Pitch 0.015 0.010 0.008True Heading1 (deg) 0.08 - 0.016 0.050 0.015

TruSpectrum™ RadiometryBands 1 (Red/NIR)* 2 (Green/Red)* 3 (Blue/Green)*Color Mode, nm 600-700 500-600 400-50060mm CIR, nm 800-960 600-720 500-60040mm CIR, nm 850-1100 600-720 500-600

*VIS/CIR Modes Imagery GSD: 0.03 to 1m (platform dependent)

Power: Computer 28 VDC 280 W (max) (includes camera, Az Mount)Temp. Range: Camera 0 deg C to +40 deg C Computer -20 deg C to +55 deg CHumidity: 5 to 90% RH non-condensingAltitude: up to 20,000 ft

5. Processing Software Produces plotter ready images and Exterior Orientation dataDSS Tools

• MissionView: Data management software, downloads images from removable drives• ImageView: Image development software, lens fall-off correction < 3%, image sharpening

tools, formats conversion: TIFF, JPEG,IMG, quantization conversion: 8 bit or12 bit, color balance via calibration inputs

POSPAC Air• GPS Aided INS Processing Tools: Differential GPS processing, Inertial/GPS post-processing• Photogrammetry Tools: generation of exterior orientation data, IMU/camera boresight

calibration, camera calibration, Quality Control

6. User Supplied EquipmentPC for Post-processing

• PC with Windows 2000• Minimum of 300 GB disk space (512 MB of RAM)• Tower rack with space for Kingston Removable Data Frame (supplied)

4. PhysicalSize: Camera sensor head 180 x 180 x 360 mm Camera mount tray 250 x 310 x 36 mm Computer 500 x 570 x 380 mm (includes shock isolated rack)Weight: Camera w/o Az Mount ~ 7 kg (60.2 mm lens) Computer 34 kg

System SpecificationsDSS Azimuth Mount1. Description

The DSS Azimuth Mount is a small, ruggedized, single axis mount, designed to automatically remove the effects of the crab or yaw drift of the aircraft. This ensures that all images taken with the DSS are parallel to each other, which is essential for high performance stereo applications.

The mount is controlled automatically by the POS AV embedded in the DSS, and can be commanded to follow the mean track angle (velocity vector along the ground), or a desired heading. The mount correction angle is encoded and fed back to the POS AV for dynamic lever arm translation.

2. Specifications Size: 432 mm x 355 mm x 58 mm Drift Correction Accuracy: < 0.5 deg RMS, absoluteWeight: 14.5 kg Encoder Rate: 5 Hz

Power: 28 Watts Max, 28 VDC (supplied by DSS) Encoder Resolution: 0.01 deg

Altitude: 0 to 20,000 ft Interfaces: RS232 to POS AV COM1 and COM3

Temperature: -20 deg C to + 55 deg C operational Shock/Vibration Isolation: Built in isolatorsDrift Correction Range: +/- 40 deg Motor Reliability: 100,000 hours MTBF as per

MIL SPEC 17 methods

3. Typical ResultsFigure 1 shows a plot of the crab angle (heading of the aircraft minus the track angle over ground) that was experienced during a flight test of the mount. In this case the crab easily exceeded +-/- 20 deg.

Figure 1

System Specifications

Figure 2

Figure 2 shows the residual tracking error of the mount for the same flight, which is the heading of the camera minus the track angle over the ground. The mount removes the crab angle so that that the images are taken parallel to each other to less than 0.5 deg RMS. This is also illustrated in Figure 3 which shows the footprint of the images projected onto the ground.

Figure 3