dikult103 digital genres: intro lecture
DESCRIPTION
I don't usually do powerpoints for teaching, but somehow I started doing one for the first lecture in DIKULT103, and so I ended up piling it down with examples to talk about. This may not be very useful without reading the first 60 or so pages of Manovich's Language of New Media.TRANSCRIPT
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DIKULT103: DIGITAL GENRES
General theories and introductionJan 20, 2011
Jill Walker Rettberg, Førsteamanuensis i digital kultur
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Readings:
• Egenfeldt-Nielson, Simon, Jonas Heide Smith and Susana Pajares Tosca. Understanding Video Games: The Essential Introduction. Routledge, 2008. 294 pages.
• Tribe, Mark and Reena Jana. New Media Art. Taschen, 2007/2009.
• Wardrip-Fruin, Noah, and Nick Montfort. The New Media Reader. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003. (You will only need a few texts from this anthology, so if you don’t need it in other DIKULT courses you may manage by borrowing a copy.)
• A collection of articles (kompendium) to be bought at Studia (315 kr).
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Also: a reading list of electronic literature, games, and digital art that you will be expected to be familiar with. These will be presented at the start of each section.
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Pre-digital.
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4059841348493635424#
Len Lye: Swinging the Lambeth Walk. Video animation, 1937.
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Digital.
Chris Milk: The Johnny Cash Project. (2010) http://www.thejohnnycashproject.com
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Is there an essential difference between digital art and non-
digital art?
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Manovich, 2001.
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Manovich, Lev (2001) The Language of New Media. MIT Press.
Media and computing have developed in parallel for 200 years, almost converging again and again.
Image:http://www.bijt.org/wordpress/2005/11/
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The Jacquard Loom (1801)
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Daguerrotypes as new media infatuation
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Difference Engine (Babbage 1823)
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Analytical Engine (1837)
The first general purpose computer.
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(what if they had succeeded in building computers back then?)
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Fabrikkene fortsatte
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The Universal Turing Machine
(Alan Turing)
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“Zuse strip” – Konrad Zuse used discarded 35mm movie film to make the first punched tape computer programs.(Image from http://www.casualoptimist.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/zuse-film.jpg)
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Manovich, Lev (2001) The Language of New Media. MIT Press.
There are five key differences between old and new media.
Image:http://www.bijt.org/wordpress/2005/11/
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1. Numerical Representation
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Media is programmable.
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This generates
that.
Ted Warnell: “Poem Binary”http://codepo.blogspot.com/2008/12/poem-binary.html
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2. Modularity
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“elements are assembled into larger objects but maintain their separate identities”
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3. Automation
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Numerically encoded modules pulled together on the fly (low-level automation)
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High-level automation
Kismet, the MIT robot that responds to your tone of voice (late 1990s)
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Easy access to data, search, re-use, remix
“War President” by Joe of American Leftist
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4. Variability
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content / interface
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Customise the work for each individual
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1908113
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lenejohansen/3276126816
Reason magazine’s customised covers, 2004.
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Customisation using Facebook Connect is popular these days
http://cnnbc.moveon.org/?rc=fbauto.txt5.pic3
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Or using Google’s immense databases
http://www.thewildernessdowntown.com/
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Manovich talks about“branching interactivity”
andhypermedia
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ba1BqJ4S2M
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Press return or Y
Certain words in the text ”yield”
and take you to a new page when you click them – but in this piece,
links aren’t marked
You can also navigate using the control strip.
sometimes pressing return
works
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yes
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Or if you pressed no:
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Sold as a bookafternoon, a storyav Michael JoyceISBN 1-884511-01-5Macintosh eller Windows US$ 25.00
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”Well, by ”hypertext” I mean non-sequential writing – text that branches and allows choices to the reader, best read at an interactive screen.”
Ted Nelson:
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Tor Åge Bringsværd”Faen. Nå har de senket takhøyden igjen. Må huske å kjøpe nye knebeskyttere.”
Med Jon Bing, Sesam ’71
Webutgave av nettkunstneren Marius Watz: http://www.evolutionzone.com/faen)
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(you’ll hear more about hypertext)
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Is variability a useful term for thinking about a game?
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Variability seems to fit this well?
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(is this an example of variability?)
50 People See Their Own Shadow, by Neil Kandalgaonkar (“Brevity”), 2005. Flickr.com.
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Salavon: Every Playboy Centerfold: The Decades
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Material principles (axioms)1. Numeric coding2. Modular organization
More far-reaching (but dependent on the first two):3. Automation4. Variability
The most substantial consquence of the computerization of media:5. Transcoding.
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5. Transcoding
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Manovich, Lev (2001) The Language of New Media. MIT Press.
There is a “conceptual transfer” from the computer world to culture at large. (page 47)
Image:http://www.bijt.org/wordpress/2005/11/
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Programmable media
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Manovich, Lev (2001) The Language of New Media. MIT Press.
From media studies, we move to something that can be called software theory.
Image:http://www.bijt.org/wordpress/2005/11/