Disaster ManagementDisaster Management

Dr. Gopalrao, M.D. Ph.D.Dr. Gopalrao, M.D. Ph.D.Professor & Head,Professor & Head,

Community Medicine Deptt.Community Medicine Deptt.

DefinitionDefinition

• Any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life or deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to warrant extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area.

Types of DisastersTypes of Disasters

• Earth quakes.• Land slides.• Volcanic eruptions.• Tsunamis.• Tidal waves.• Floods.• Snow storms.

Continued….Continued….

Manmade Disasters. Wars: Conventional, nuclear, chemical & biological.. Famines. • Fires.• Toxicological accidents.• Nuclear accidents.

Some recent disastersSome recent disasters…..…..

• Earthquake in Pakistan – 2005

• Earthquake and tsunami in the Indian coast - 2004

• Gujarat Earthquake - 2001 • Floods in Mumbai, West

Bengal• Cyclone: Rita, Wilma etc…..• Fire: Kumbakonam,

Dabewali• Terrorist attack: Chechnya

And the list goes on and on……………

Why is Disaster Management Why is Disaster Management Important to Us?Important to Us?

57% of the land area is prone to Earthquakes57% of the land area is prone to Earthquakes 12% to Floods12% to Floods 8% to Cyclones8% to Cyclones 70% of the cultivable land is prone to drought70% of the cultivable land is prone to drought 85% of the land area is vulnerable to number of 85% of the land area is vulnerable to number of natural hazardsnatural hazards 22 states are prone to multiple hazards.22 states are prone to multiple hazards.

Seismic Disturbances uptoMagnitude 4.9

Zone II

Moderate Risk Quakes uptoMagnitude 6.9

Zone III

High Risk Quakes uptoMagnitude 7.9

Zone IV

Very High Risk Quakes of Magnitude 8 and greater

Zone V

MagnitudeZone

Source: IS 1893 (Part 1) : 2002 (BIS)

Fig: 2.1.6

Impact of a disasterImpact of a disaster

• Mortality: Always very high in the absence of preparedness.

• Morbidity: Injuries, situation specific.• Emotional stress.• Emergence of epidemics.• Increase in indigenous diseases.

Management TechniquesManagement Techniques

• Disaster impact and response.• Relief phase.• Epidemiologic surveillance & disease

control.• Vaccination.• Nutrition.• Rehabilitation.

Disaster impact & responseDisaster impact & response

• Search, rescue and first aid.• Field care.• Triage.• Tagging of casualties.• Identification of the dead.

Relief phaseRelief phase

• The relief operations will depend on:-• A) The type of disaster and it’s magnitude.• B) The type and quantity of supplies available locally.• Most critical supplies in the initial

emergency phase:-• Food, blankets, clothing, shelter, sanitary

engineering equipments.

Thank YouThank You

• Email: drgsj123@gmail.com