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DISCOVERYat UQ 2

014

knowledge leadership for a better world

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contents

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW 4

Research at UQ 6

Research support 8

UQ Supporters 9

EMERGING INNOVATIONS 11

A fairer Australia 12

Forging ahead 13

Quantum learning 14

Keeping emotions in check 15

HEALTHY PEOPLE 16

No more “own goals” 17

Super strength vision 18

Superbug fightback 19

Birthing in our community 20

Text zombies 21

Sunscreen = young skin 22

Supporting success 23

Zoom zoom, zoonoses 24

ARTS AND SOCIETY 25

Virtual venue 26

Triple P in Africa 27

Learn about burnout 28

Happy haus 29

Stop the death spiral 30

Express or suppress? 31

Language on the line 32

Partly in the genes 33

SUSTAINABILITY 34

Sustainable Solomons 35

Waste not, want not 36

Secret life of spinifex 37

Micro world: macro methane 38

Sustainable prosperity 39

Novel natives 40

Underwater climate change 41

TECHNOLOGY AND TRANSLATION 42

Surveillance for safer roads 43

Nanoscale, mega-impact 44

Fossil findings 45

Beefing up 46

China calling 47

Pure nerve 48

Easy grow nano-bio 49

RESEARCH LEADERS 50

Future leaders:

Collaborative communicator 51

Strategic links 52

Bridging the gap 53

Researching the industry 54

Ocker or oriental? 55

Current leaders:

Fellowships, awards and memberships 56

2014 UQ Foundation Research Excellence Awards 58

2014 UQ Awards for Excellence in RHD Supervision 60

2014 Partners in Research Excellence Awards 61

INDEX 63

CONTRIBUTORS 64

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page 4

connected IMPACT

The researchers are themselves connected, within and across disciplines, and with people and organisations in the private, government and not-for-profit sectors who in turn connect to the end users of research. This connectivity speeds the translation of excellent discovery into outstanding outcomes for society, the environment and economies.

Conspicuous in our 2013 ledger is connectivity with industry. Research funding from non-government sources surged by 18 per cent, in an indication of increasing diversity in our resource base and improving corporate confidence in UQ’s research impact. We anticipate this is not a one-off occurrence, but rather an indication of greater willingness to coinvest in great research of broad benefit.

After years of strategic investments in integrated strengths and emerging issues, the power of UQ researchers from across the disciplines to build on each other’s excellence is crystallising, and will continue to do so over years, decades and generations. The maxim “greater than the sum of its parts” is apposite.

For example, improvements resulting from the ARC Science of Learning Research Centre’s classroom-based work on social and emotional learning may boost the many benefits of the Life Course Centre’s fight-back against disadvantage. At the same time, the Queensland Brain Institute’s contributions to global insights into the

role of genetics in education, cognition and cognitive ageing may add to the impact of UQ’s social science research on education, health and disadvantage.

Children are front-line beneficiaries of many initiatives featured in this report. For the first time, the Triple P – Positive Parenting Program has extended into Africa where, with essential philanthropic support, it is partnering with communities in Kenya as part of a move to be more active in developing and newly industrialised regions.

Children and families with secure access to basics such as food, clean water and energy are better able to reap the benefits of such programs. Initiatives on the scale of the Dow Centre for Sustainable Engineering have potential to deliver rippling societal benefits, and so do community-level programs such as partnerships with beef cattle farmers in South-East Asia.

That will in turn improve society’s prospects of taking advantage of other innovations seeded by high-quality research married with next-generation technology. An exemplar of this is genomics, which is already steering the way towards personalised medicine and has prospects of spurring other significant changes in human and animal health, food security, species conservation and energy security.

ABUNDANT EXCELLENCE, BRILLIANT OUTCOMES – THAT IS THE NUB OF CONNECTED IMPACT, AS DEMONSTRATED BY UQ RESEARCHERS AND THEIR PARTNERS IN 2013-14.

Professor Anton Middelberg, Acting Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research), and Professor Peter Høj, Vice-Chancellor and President, The University of Queensland

from the Vice-Chancellor and President, and Acting Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research)

continued on page 5

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page 5

Crucially, children in many parts of the world, developed and less so, can hold realistic hopes of enjoying a healthier environment thanks to intensive sustainability-related work, which includes turning agricultural waste into fertiliser and creating knowledge to improve fisheries management in the face of climate change.

Such optimism is buttressed by funders who have faith in the delivery-power of UQ researchers, based on a track record that includes the cervical cancer vaccine with the potential to save a quarter of a million lives each year, the parenting program that has helped approximately seven million families in more than 20 countries, and technology used in most of the world’s magnetic resonance imaging machines.

Our 2013 funding headlines include:

• UQ #1 nationally for total research income

• UQ non-government funding for research increased 18 per cent (on 2012)

• UQ #1 nationally for research income/academic (lecturer or above) (on 2012)

• UQ #1 nationally for Cooperative Research Centre funding.

from the Vice-Chancellor and President, and Acting Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) continued

As well, UQ is tracking as the lead Australian institution for publications in Nature Publishing Index, and fifth or sixth in Asia-Pacific. The “excellence-plus” bond between excellent research and excellent outcomes is increasingly visible.

These and other researcher-earned credentials will help UQ to further diversify and stabilise our funding base and fortify our responses to future variations in funding and policy priorities and economic circumstances. Like governments and businesses that invest in our research, philanthropists will have ever-stronger grounds for confidence in the prospects of results.

The 2014 UQ Foundation Research Excellence Awards are emblematic of the University’s confidence in, and continued commitment to, the pipeline of exceptional, outcomes-focused scholars from many countries who choose to study and work here. We reward them across the disciplines, because much of the progress of this century will stem from interdisciplinary projects.

The University congratulates these young researchers, and thanks all staff, students, alumni and collaborators who have made indelible additions to the global fund of knowledge and to products, services and policies that benefit local, national and global communities.

We thank our many partners in industry, government, not-for-profits and philanthropic circles for enabling results that are enhancing lives worldwide, or are on track to deliver future gains.

We urge you all to continue your teamwork, because your connected impact is showing proven results.

A maintained – even sharpened – orientation towards tangible impacts contributes to a global legacy of long-term sustainable prosperity, and extends opportunities for people of all backgrounds to benefit from excellent research.

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research at THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND

RESEARCH QUALITY

The Australian Government’s ERA 2012 National Report confirmed that research at UQ is above world standard in more specialised fields of research than any other Australian university with:

• 100 per cent of UQ research is at world standard or above

• 35 specialised fields of research at UQ received the highest possible score of five

• UQ was the only Australian university to achieve the maximum rating of five in education, statistics, numerical and computation mathematics, environmental engineering, environmental biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, and specialist studies in education.

RESEARCH FUNDING 2013

$381.8 million total sponsored grants and contracts including:

$million

Australian competitive grants 208.8

Other public sector research funding 50.1

Industry and other funding 108.2

Cooperative Research Centres 14.7

THE UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND IS ONE OF AUSTRALIA’S LEADING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS, RECEIVING $381.8 MILLION IN RESEARCH GRANTS IN 2013.

SOURCES OF UQ RESEARCH SUPPORT 2013

$million

Commonwealth Government Research Funding

213.7

Commonwealth Government Research Block Grants

157.8

State/Local Government 42.7

Australian Industry and Other Contract/Grants 70.7

All Australian Donations, Bequests, Trusts, Foundations

25.5

All International Funding 29.1

UQ FELLOWSHIP HONOURS 2013

Australian Research Council (ARC) Laureate Fellows

9

National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia Fellows

4

NHMRC John Cade Fellowship 1

Fellows of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia

40

Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science 29

Fellows of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering

31

Fellows of the Australian Academy of the Humanities

33

COMMONWEALTH RESEARCH BLOCK GRANTS 2013

$million

Joint Research Engagement 27.9

JRE Engineering Cadetships (24 new places) 0.2

Research Infrastructure Block Grant 25

Sustainable Research Excellence 19.8

Research Training Scheme 60.1

Australian Postgraduate Awards (300 new places) 22.9

International Postgraduate Research Scholarships (28 new places)

1.9

UQ REVENUE 2013

Total Operating Revenue $1.67 billion

Total Research Support $539.5 million

EDUCATION IMPACT AND TRAINING 2013

Research Higher Degree students enrolled 4361

PhDs awarded Domestic 416673

International 257

MPhils awarded

Domestic 5580

International 25

A WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH INSTITUTION

UQ is ranked in the top 100 universities worldwide, as measured through a combination of four key global university rankings: the Academic Ranking of World Universities, Times Higher Education World University Rankings, QS World University Rankings, and the Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities.

55%

13%

28%

4%

■ Australian competitive grants

■ Other public sector research funding

■ Industry and other funding

■ Cooperative Research Centres

■ Commonwealth Government Research Funding

■ Commonwealth Government Research Block Grants

■ State/Local Government

■ Australian Industry and Other Contract/Grants

■ All Australian Donations, Bequests, Trusts, Foundations

■ All International Funding

40%

29%

8%

13%

5%5%

continued on page 7

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FACULTIES, RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND CENTRES

In partnership with government, industry and donors, UQ has developed globally recognised research institutes to complement the teaching and research activity in its faculties. The University also has more than 100 research centres and major University-wide research initiatives that support the critical mass that enables UQ to tackle significant global challenges. Centres and Institutes work in a range of disciplines from the biosciences and nanotechnology to sustainable development and social science.

Faculties

• Business, Economics and Law (BEL)

• Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology (EAIT)

• Health and Behavioural Sciences (HABS)

• Humanities and Social Sciences (HASS)

• Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (M+BS)

• Science.

Institutes

• Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN)

• Global Change Institute (GCI)

• Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)

• Institute for Social Science Research (ISSR)

• Mater Research Institute–UQ

• Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI)

• Queensland Brain Institute (QBI)

• Sustainable Minerals Institute (SMI)

• UQ Diamantina Institute (UQDI).

RESEARCH STRENGTHS

• Agriculture and Food Sciences

• Applied and Theoretical Economics

• Biological Sciences

• Business, Management and Finance

• Cancer Studies

• Chemical Engineering

• Chemical Sciences and Materials Engineering

• Clinical Sciences and Experimental Medicine

• Communication, Media and Cultural Studies

• Ecology and Environmental Science

• Education

• Environmental Engineering and Water Management

• Genetics and Genomics

• Human Movement and Sports Science

• Immunology and Infectious Diseases

• Information Systems and Data Management

• Law

• Literary Studies

• Mathematics and Statistics

• Mechanical Engineering

• Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

• Mining and Minerals Processing

• Molecular and Cellular Biosciences

• Nanotechnology and Bioengineering

• Neurosciences

• Performing Arts and Creative Writing

• Physics

• Psychology and Cognitive Science

• Public Health and Health Services

• Social and Political Science.

RESEARCH FUNDING HIGHLIGHTS

• $92 million from the Australian Research Council: UQ attracted more ARC funding in 2013 than any other Australian university or research body, with successful proposals that included:

– $30.3 million for 77 ARC Discovery Projects, including three prestigious Discovery Outstanding Researcher Awards

– $17.5 million for 22 ARC Future Fellowships: in 2013, UQ had the highest cumulative number of Future Fellows since the scheme’s inception

– $11.3 million for 30 successful ARC Discovery Early Career Research Awards (DECRAs): UQ received more funding and had more successful proposals in the DECRA round than any other institution

– $2.7 million for five ARC Linkage Infrastructure Equipment and Facilities grants

– a $530,000 grant under the ARC Discovery Indigenous scheme, one of only 10 awarded nationally

• $2 million from the Australian Cancer Research Foundation for a new cancer treatment centre in Brisbane, the Diamantina Individualised Oncology Care Centre, for improved research opportunities and better outcomes for cancer patients

• $2.5 million from the National Health and Medical Research Council to fund the UQ Centre of Research Excellence in Telehealth, to accelerate telehealth research into healthcare delivery and increase the cohort of telehealth researchers and practitioners.

Please note all funding represented in AU$. Data/figures current as at 30 June 2014.

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UQ LIBRARY

UQ RESEARCHERS FIND AN EXPERT

Whether you are from industry or business, the academic or general community, or are a current or prospective research student, you can find an expert through UQ Researchers:

researchers.uq.edu.au

UNIQUEST UniQuest Pty Ltd is the main commercialisation company of The University of Queensland (UQ), specialising in global technology transfer and providing access to world-class expertise, intellectual property specialists and research facilities. UniQuest delivers commercialisation outcomes that create impact for UQ and provide solutions for commercial, environmental and social benefit.

www.uniquest.com.au

UQ LIBRARY

Web: www.library.uq.edu.au/research-support

Multimedia:

Going for gold and greener pastures: Open Access explained

Scholarly publishing series: Where to publish? - Professor Tom O’Regan

Open Access gold vs green - Professor Matt Brown

RAISING THE VISIBILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF UQ RESEARCH

The Library developed and manages UQ eSpace, the single authoritative source for UQ staff and student research output, and the archival home of UQ Research Higher Degree Theses in digital-only form.

UQ eSpace aims to make UQ’s research visible and accessible through a global network of services such as OAIster, Trove and Google Scholar. It provides data for mandatory Government reporting requirements such as the Higher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC) and Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA), as well as for internal UQ systems such as the Q-Index. It also operates as an institutional repository for open access publications, research datasets

THE LIBRARY PROVIDES SUPPORT TO RESEARCHERS THROUGH ALL STAGES OF THE RESEARCH LIFECYCLE – FROM FINDING AND APPLYING FOR FUNDING, ESTABLISHING AND MANAGING A PROJECT, TO DEMONSTRATING OUTPUT AND IMPACT.

and other digitised materials created by staff of the University.

UQ has implemented an Open Access for UQ Research Outputs policy that requires UQ researchers to make publications arising from their research openly available via UQ eSpace.

The University has also implemented a Research Data Management policy that sets out what UQ researchers must do to ensure their research data are managed according to legal, statutory, ethical and funding body requirements. The Library has developed DMP Online, a tool based on the UK Digital Curation Centre model to help researchers write a data management plan.

Multimedia: Scholarly publishing series: Good research - Dr Tamara Davis

research SUPPORT

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page 9

UQ SUPPORTERS THANK YOU TO ALL ORGANISATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS WHO PROVIDE SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH AT UQ. SPECIAL THANKS TO THOSE LISTED HERE WHO CONTRIBUTED MORE THAN $100,000 IN 2013.

3ieAbbVieAdenoid Cystic Carcinoma Research FoundationAlzheimer’s Australia Dementia Research FoundationAmbre EnergyAmgenAMIRA International Anglican Church Grammar SchoolAnglo AmericanANZ TrusteesAroma New ZealandArrow EnergyThe Arterial Compliance Project TrustArthritis QueenslandAsian Office of Aerospace Research & DevelopmentAssociation for International Cancer ResearchAtlas Copco AustraliaAuScopeAustin HealthAustralian Agricultural CompanyAustralian Cancer Research FoundationAustralian Centre for International Agricultural ResearchAustralian Centre for Plant Functional GenomicsAustralian Coal Association Low Emissions TechnologyAustralian Coal Research LimitedAustralian Council for Educational ResearchAustralian Egg Corporation Limited Australian Food and Grocery CouncilAustralian Genetics Testing Australian Grape and Wine AuthorityAustralian Housing and Urban Research Institute

Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering Australian Meat Processor CorporationAustralian National Fabrication FacilityAustralian National Low Emissions Coal Research & DevelopmentAustralian Pacific LNGAustralian Power InstituteAustralian Red Cross Blood ServiceAustralian Renewable Energy AgencyAustralian Research CouncilAustralian Sports CommissionAustralian Urban Research Infrastructure NetworkAustralian Wagyu Association Australian Water Recycling Centre of ExcellenceAutism QueenslandBaker IDI Heart and Diabetes InstituteBaosteel Group CorporationBayer CropSciencebeyondblueBHP BillitonBill & Melinda Gates FoundationBioenergy Plantations AustraliaBioplatforms AustraliaBioprotonBoard of Benevolence of Aged Masons, Widows and Orphans’ FundBoehringer Ingelheim InternationalBoeing Australia Bill BownessThe Bowness Family FoundationBP

BrAshA-T Andrew Brice AM and Jennifer BriceThe Bryan FoundationBupa Health FoundationCynthia F BurnettJoseph and Veronika ButtaCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchCancer AustraliaCancer Council QueenslandCancer and Metabolomics FundCatlin GroupCentennial Coal CH2M HILLChristopher Y ChenChildren’s Health Foundation QueenslandChildrens Hospital FoundationCincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterCODELCOColgate-PalmoliveComcareCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Cotton CRCCotton Research and Development CorporationCRC for Advanced Composite Structures CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the EnvironmentCRC for Greenhouse Gas TechnologiesCRC for Optimising Resource Extraction CRC for Rail InnovationCRC for Water Sensitive CitiesCRCMiningDairy Innovation Australia DaniscoRobert DayDe Beers Group ServicesDementia Collaborative Research CentreDendrightDepartment of Agriculture (Federal)Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (QLD)Department of Agriculture and Food (WA)Department of Defence (Federal)Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (VIC)Department of Education, Training and Employment (QLD)Department of Energy (US)Department of Energy and Water Supply (QLD)Department of the Environment (Federal)Department of Environment and Heritage Protection (QLD)Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Federal)Department of Health (Federal)Department of Housing and Public Works (QLD)

Department of Industry (Federal)Department of Natural Resources and Mines (QLD)Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts (QLD)Department of Social Services (Federal) Department of Tourism, Major Events, Small Business and the Commonwealth Games (QLD)Department of Transport and Main Roads (QLD)Diabetes Australia Research TrustDirect Energy HoldingsDistrict of Columbia Water and Sewer AuthorityDiversionary Therapy TechnologiesDMTC The Dow Chemical CompanyDSMEarthwatch InstituteEcobioticsEli Lilly AustraliaPaul EliadisThe Eliadis FoundationEnvirovolveEpidermEpilepsy FoundationThe Estate of William Trezise AllenThe Estate of Olive Jean DonaldsonThe Estate of Walter Alexander EasterlingThe Estate of Reginald FergusonThe Estate of Kelvin David GarlandThe Estate of Peter GoodenoughThe Estate of Irene P HuntThe Estate of Dr Clem Jones AOThe Estate of Lisa Denise PalmerThe Estate of Philippa Ruth ReillyThe Estate of Eunice Shirley WendorffFonterraFord FoundationIan H Frazer FRS AC and Caroline FrazerFrazer Family FoundationFreemasons QueenslandGallipoli Research FoundationGarnett Passe and Rodney Williams Memorial FoundationGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchGeneral ElectricThe Geriatric Medical Foundation of QueenslandGHDGlencoreGolderGordon and Betty Moore FoundationGrains Research and Development CorporationGreat Barrier Reef FoundationGreat Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority

continued on page 10

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SUPPORTING UQ

Please consider a gift to UQ to an area that is meaningful to you. Alternatively, you can give to our greatest need which will benefit students requiring financial aid to complete programs aimed at developing the next generation of leaders, and provide vital funds for groundbreaking and lifesaving research. To make a gift visit www.uq.edu.au/giving or contact UQ Advancement on +61 7 3346 3900, Monday to Friday 9am–5pm (AEST), or email donations@uq.edu.au.

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For more information or to advise of an error or omission, please contact +61 7 3365 7594 or email research@uq.edu.au.

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INNOVATIONSemerging

AS WELL AS ITS ESTABLISHED CENTRES OF EXCELLENCE, UQ IS PROUD OF ITS CAPACITY

TO EXPAND INTO NEW AND EXCITING RESEARCH FIELDS OF BENEFIT TO HUMANITY

✚ A fairer Australia

✚ Forging ahead

✚ Quantum learning

✚ Keeping emotions in check

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This is the vision of the soon-to-be-launched ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, or more simply, the Life Course Centre, according to its Director, Professor Janeen Baxter.

The importance of maintaining strong economic growth has received a great deal of attention in academic, political and media circles, but few people talk about the many Australians who have been “left behind”, living on the margins of society.

“Vulnerable Australians are people with complex needs who, more often than not, fall into disadvantage through no fault of their own: they suffer from chronic illnesses or disabilities, experience childhood family and economic adversities, were never given a fair chance to develop their potential through education and training, or simply

belong to a stigmatised ethnic and social collective,” Professor Baxter says.

The Life Course Centre’s research will focus on deep and persistent disadvantage. Deep disadvantage refers to the correlation between multiple forms of disadvantage. Experiencing disadvantage in one domain, such as material and economic circumstances, is often associated with disadvantage in other domains, such as education, health, social connectedness and physical security. Persistent disadvantage is disadvantage that recurs across the life course or across generations.

The human, social and economic costs associated with this sort of disadvantage are large and, despite burdening disadvantaged individuals the most, they extend to the whole of Australian society.

“The Life Course Centre has formed strong partnerships across many sectors to give a voice to the deeply and persistently disadvantaged, and to restate social justice as a national imperative,” says Professor Baxter.

With $20 million in funding from the Australian Research Council over seven years, plus around $8 million support from partner universities and organisations, the Life Course Centre is due to be launched in late 2014 and will concentrate on answering one key question: how can we best intervene to prevent the transmission of disadvantage across generations and within families over the life course?

While many people move in and out of disadvantage at various stages in their lives, some groups are particularly at risk of remaining disadvantaged for long periods – including sole-parent families, people with long-term health conditions or disabilities, and Indigenous Australians.

Moreover, there is strong evidence that children born into disadvantaged families are more likely to experience disadvantage as adults, compared to children who do not experience disadvantage while growing up.

To break the cycle of disadvantage in contemporary Australia, the Life Course Centre will:

• devise “real-world” solutions with an emphasis on early intervention and community resilience

• raise awareness of deep and persistent disadvantage as a major threat to the Australian economy and society

• build capacity for researchers, policy-makers and community leaders to determine what works in reducing and preventing disadvantage

• facilitate the development of evidence-based social interventions

• build deep, successful and lasting collaborations between academics, government and NGOs.

Fair value, indeed...

a fairerAUSTRALIA“BREAKING THE CYCLE OF DISADVANTAGE, REALISING LIFE’S POTENTIAL”

CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES OVER THE LIFE COURSE

UQ researcher: Professor Janeen Baxter (Institute for Social Science Research)

Funding source: Australian Research Council, UQ, collaborating universities and partner organisations

Collaborators: University of Melbourne, University of Sydney, University of Western Australia

Partner organisations: Australian Federal Departments of Social Services, Education, and Employment; Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; Boston College; Brotherhood of St Laurence; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Institute of Education, University of London; National University of Singapore; Queensland Department of Communities, Child Safety and Disability Services; Royal Holloway, University of London; University College Dublin; University of California Irvine; University of Essex; University of Ottawa; University of Pennsylvania; Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development; Wesley Mission Brisbane

Email: lcc@uq.edu.au

Telephone: +61 7 3346 7471

Multimedia: Breaking the cycle of disadvantage

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INTERNATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE (SMI-ICE-CHILE)

UQ researchers: Professor Ben Adair, (Sustainable Minerals Institute), Dr Dan Alexander (JKTech)

Funding source: Attraction of International R&D Centres of Excellence for Competitiveness 2.0 (Chilean Government), JKTech

Collaborators: CORFO (Chilean Government Production Development Corporation), Universidad de Concepción

Email: s.muchmore@uq.edu.au

UQ’S LONG AND RICH HISTORY OF MINING RESEARCH AND TEACHING IS BEING EXPORTED TO SOUTH AMERICA WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AN INTERNATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN CHILE.

With a close, 40-year association with Chilean industry, UQ’s Sustainable Minerals Institute’s (SMI) research centres have forged innovative strategies to increase the productivity, sustainability and safety of the mining industry in Chile.

In partnership with the Universidad de Concepción, the opportunity for UQ to establish an International Centre of Excellence (ICE) funded by the Chilean government signifies substantial progress in institution-wide efforts to collaborate more closely with Latin American communities, businesses and governments.

The aim for SMI-ICE-Chile is to establish an International Centre of Excellence in Chile that delivers demonstrable benefit to the Chilean people and its economy. The Centre will be at the forefront of innovative research and technology transfer to address several of the major challenges and competitive pressures faced by the Chilean minerals sector. It will make significant and auditable improvements for its industry in the areas of productivity and environmental management, and will build local capacity in both research and technology transfer.

By extending UQ’s SMI business model from Australia, it will be self-sustaining and will have grown significantly at the end of the eight-year ICE period.

Through the involvement of JKTech, SMI’s technology transfer partner operating in Chile since 2012, it will develop a new and dynamic approach to commercialisation and technology transfer.

The Centre will be established as a world-class platform for the commercialisation of SMI-ICE-Chile research through implementation of a proven commercialisation model. This model will lead to significant financial and environmental benefits including:

• a collaborative framework that serves as a model for good governance and deepens the productive relationship between university centres and private industry stakeholders

• significant, demonstrable outcomes from the research lines to the benefit of Chilean industry sponsors

• a research, training and knowledge transfer model that encourages innovation within the Chilean mining sector

• a particular focus on supplier networks and clusters within Chile, in addition to engagement with the mining companies.

Ninety-eight new mining projects have been identified for 2007-2015 in Chile, and CORFO (Chilean Government Production Development Corporation) has committed to improve water resources, increase efficiency of energy resources, and train operating and professional personnel in the mining industry. SMI-ICE-Chile will provide the research, training and knowledge transfer model that encourages a culture of innovation and adds to capacity in the Chilean mining sector.

SMI-ICE-Chile will bring new skills, experience, expertise and networks into the Chilean innovation system. This is a priority area for industry where Chile has an opportunity to establish an international profile and world leadership position in the area of sustainable mining.

SMI-ICE-Chile will build upon extensive expertise that already exists in Chile in many areas of mining research and this collaboration and investment in industry-driven research has a very high potential for significant gains for the industry and therefore the economy. Its research will be at the forefront of developments within the mining sector and will lead to national and international recognition.

It will also progressively attract an increasing number of highly skilled Chilean professionals, ensuring intellectual capital will not be lost overseas.

forgingAHEAD

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CAUSAL POWER OF INFORMATION IN THE QUANTUM WORLD

UQ researchers: Professor Gerard Milburn, Dr Alessandro Fedrizzi, Professor Andrew White (EQuS), Professor Phil Dowe (School of History, Philosophy, Religion and Classics)

Funding source: Templeton World Charity Foundation (TWCF)

Collaborators: CNRS, Grenoble; University of Innsbruck; University of Vienna

Email: milburn@physics.uq.edu.au

THINK EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN AND JOHN BELL’S IMPACT ON PHYSICS AND PHILOSOPHY, THEN THINK TEMPLETON WORLD CHARITY FOUNDATION-MILBURN FOR SIMILAR BEARING IN THE FIELD OF CAUSAL POWER OF INFORMATION IN A QUANTUM WORLD.

What role does information play in the explanation of cause and effect? If we have more information, can we better control the physical world? Will a deeper understanding of cause and effect lead to new mechanisms for controlling the physical world?

By bringing philosophers and physicists together, it is questions like these that Professor Gerard Milburn from the School of Mathematics and Physics seeks to answer – and his results could mean a whole new way of data-mining and robotic learning for information processing, the launch of new communication technologies, and even a better understanding of how time works.

“The scientific method is grounded on the concept of causation (the action of causing or producing) and intelligent agency (autonomous bodies that observe through sensors to achieve goals),” says Professor Milburn.

“In this project we will give a philosophically coherent, theoretically justified, and experimentally validated defence of the thesis that i] to be a cause, information must be embodied, and ii] information acquires causal power when intelligent agents use embodied information to enhance their performance in a physical setting.

“We expect to discover – and experimentally implement – a set of statistical inequalities for testing quantum causality (as well as a new class of quantum control protocols incorporating quantum computation) that we will present at a major workshop next winter.

“This research could change the way we think of causation and may suggest more general ways for

physical theories to be formulated. It will have major implications for the quantum theories of spacetime and may lead to a completely new direction for understanding the physical nature of time.”

Despite the relative youth of their specific research fields – the study of quantum causal relations and quantum artificial intelligent agents is barely four years old – Professor Milburn and his team believe the whole concept of causal information has received little attention to date and is due to be explored in detail.

“Our Viennese collaborators have recently shown that quantum causal relations can be interpreted as a form of two-way signalling, which is very surprising from a physical point of view. We are now trying to make this interpretation consistent with known physics.

“They have also shown how classical artificial intelligence agents can extract more information from a quantum error correction circuit than was previously thought: we hope to cast a new light on old philosophical questions about causation and demonstrate that information does indeed have causal power in a quantum world that would be impossible in a classical world.”

Professor Milburn’s work on this project complements well with his other role as Director of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS). A multi-institutional collaborative Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence, its work involves the study and exploitation of the strangest features of quantum physics.

CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR ENGINEERED QUANTUM SYSTEMS (EQuS)

Director: Professor Gerard Milburn (School of Mathematics and Physics)

Funding source: Australian Research Council

Collaborators: University of Sydney, Macquarie University, University of Western Australia, University of New South Wales, Imperial College of London, Perimeter Institute, University of Copenhagen, University of Innsbruck, University of Ulm, University of Vienna

Email: a.bird1@uq.edu.au

Web: equs.org

quantumLEARNING

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page 15

THE CLASSROOM SETTING IS LIKE AN ONION, WITH MANY LAYERS AND SOMETIMES PLENTY OF TEARS. BUT WHAT IF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS KNEW HOW TO REGULATE THEIR EMOTIONS? ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ANNEMAREE CARROLL DISCUSSES HOW.

SCIENCE OF LEARNING RESEARCH CENTRE

UQ researchers: Associate Professor Annemaree Carroll, Professor Robyn Gillies (School of Education)

Funding source: Science of Learning Research Centre (Australian Research Council)

Collaborators: The SLRC comprises 25 chief investigators from across eight research organisations and is supported by nine partner organisations, including three state education departments (Queensland, Victoria and South Australia)

Email: a.carroll@uq.edu.au

Web: researchers.uq.edu.au/research-project/15848

keeping emotions IN CHECK

Associate Professor Annemaree Carroll has dedicated 18 years of research to understanding the underlying motivations for why some young people disengage from school. A key area of her study focuses on understanding how these individuals can improve their emotional and attentional self-awareness.

Professor Carroll says that very little research currently exists on whether a greater emphasis on social and emotional learning (SEL) in educational contexts would enhance the learning, behavioural, and social outcomes for young people.

“The aim of this study is to inspire students to continue on at school and inspire life-long learning. In turn, this will eliminate the number of poorer educational, social and health outcomes for students,” she says.

However, it is not just students who reap the rewards from this research – but teachers too.

“Teacher-student relationships are an important aspect of emotionally safe learning environments. The research team is also investigating the use of a wearable electronic device known as a 'sociometric badge' to measure social interactions of student-student and teacher-student.

“The badge captures face-to-face interaction with students, conversational time between other wearers of the device, physical proximity to others, and physical activity based on body motion and vocal modulation,” Professor Carroll says.

The researchers have engaged teachers in this study as “co-researchers” to ensure the findings are relevant to what is happening in schools.

Professor Carroll and her team in the ARC Science of Learning Research Centre (SLRC) have chosen to conduct this research in the classroom because “schools are a key context for building these holistic approaches that promote life-long social and emotional health”.

“Staying at school has many benefits for student health and wellbeing including higher life satisfaction, better academic performance, and greater contributions in the service of others than young people of the same age who drop out of school.”

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PEOPLEhealthy

ERADICATING DISEASE AND HELPING BUILD A HEALTHIER COMMUNITY ARE KEY MOTIVATORS

FOR UQ’S SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: UQ’S REPUTATION FOR EXCELLENCE AND INNOVATION

IS REFLECTED IN EVERY FACET OF OUR HEALTH, MEDICAL, BEHAVIOURAL

AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES RESEARCH

✚ No more “own goals”

✚ Super strength vision

✚ Superbug fightback

✚ Birthing in our community

✚ Text zombies

✚ Sunscreen = young skin

✚ Supporting success

✚ Zoom zoom, zoonoses

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IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

UQ researcher: Professor Ranjeny Thomas (UQ Diamantina Institute)

Funding source: National Health and Medical Research Council Program Grant, Arthritis Queensland, Australian Research Council Future Fellowship, Dendright Pty Ltd, Janssen-Cilag Pty Ltd, Janssen Biotech

Email: ranjeny.thomas@uq.edu.au

Web: www.di.uq.edu.au/professor-ranjeny-thomas

Multimedia: Potential cure for debilitating disease

no more “OWN GOALS”DESIGNED TO ATTACK INFECTION AND DISEASE, THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM CAN SOMETIMES BECOME OVER EFFICIENT, TARGETING HEALTHY CELLS INSTEAD OF DISEASED ONES.

This faulty “goal-shooting” is known as autoimmune disease and, as yet, there is no known cure for the many conditions – such as rheumatoid arthritis and Type-1 diabetes – that it comprises.

Professor Ranjeny Thomas from the UQ Diamantina Institute hopes to change all that.

She is now working on the development of the first antigen-specific immunotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis, as well as identifying a patient population suitable for immunotherapy for Type-1 diabetes.

Professor Thomas first became fascinated with the mystery of rheumatoid arthritis as a medical undergraduate at the University of Western Australia (UWA) in the 1990s. She then went on to complete a PhD in rheumatology at UWA, followed by postdoctoral studies at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

It was in the USA that pre-eminent immunologist Peter Lipsky suggested she look at how healthy humans work and to focus on the biology and clinical use of human dendritic cells (the professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system).

“Dendritic cells (DCs) are the educators of the immune system,” Professor Thomas said. “They engulf intruders – like bacteria and viruses – and then break them down into small parts, called antigens. DCs then present these antigens on their surfaces and use them to activate helper T-cells, which in turn alert the rest of the immune system.”

On her return to Australia, Professor Thomas continued her research at UQ’s Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research to discover – in a world first – that in people with rheumatoid arthritis predisposing genes, helper T-cells are not sufficiently regulated by a suppressive T-cell population. This means the T-cells attacking healthy cells expand, causing pain and suffering for the person concerned.

She reasoned that if DCs could be harnessed to re-educate these T-cells specifically to rheumatoid arthritis antigens, a new therapy could be designed. And so she and her team began experimenting with different substances to try and find the switch that regulates antigen-specific T-cells.

“We found that when we target DCs with curcumin (the active element of the spice, turmeric) and antigen, we can promote antigen-specific regulation,” Professor Thomas said.

“We designed a nanoparticle (an extremely small particle) that can deliver both curcumin and antigen simultaneously, so that we have an injectable immune therapy that doesn’t require purification and injection of cells.”

Professor Thomas’s breakthrough discovery has advanced our understanding of the immune system and how we can treat other “own goal” autoimmune diseases such as juvenile diabetes.

“I am now researching how the immune system brings about disease and how a person’s genetic make-up leads to disease development,” she said.

“My team and I are using what we already know about the immune system to create new treatments that, if successful, will have a really major impact on the prevention and cure of rheumatoid arthritis.”

Current therapies, while somewhat effective, do not cure nor prevent the disease and often have unwanted side effects.

“Over the next 10 years, I want to develop a specific therapy that will prevent this disease and that may also be extended to other conditions,” Professor Thomas said.

“I am the scientific founder of Dendright Pty Limited, a UniQuest start-up company, and we are currently developing this immune therapy towards clinical trials in collaboration with Janssen Biotech Inc, the US pharmaceutical subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson.

“Immunology research has reached a very exciting stage, where the development of new ‘designer therapies’ for prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases that affect the life of millions of people across the world is becoming a real possibility. It is both a privilege and an enormous challenge to be part of that.”

Multimedia: Professor Ranjeny Thomas - research leader

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super strength VISION

This may be the reality for doctors in future if researchers from the School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (ITEE) and their partners from the University of Leeds have their way.

“At present, doctors assess skin cancer simply by looking,” says School of ITEE’s Professor Stephen Wilson.

“They may use a hand-held magnifier – the dermatoscope – to help, but essentially their visual inspection is what determines whether or not further treatment is required.

“We know that other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum can tell us much more about the nature of the tissues and structures underlying the top layer of skin (epidermis), particularly through the use of Terahertz (THz) radiation. However, applying THz imaging to clinical medicine has been held back to date mainly because of the lack of compact and robust imaging systems.

“Our research has overcome these difficulties and demonstrates the potential of using self-mixing (or laser-feedback) interferometry (analysis of electromagnetic waves) in a new THz microscope design.”

What this means is that previously “invisible” skin tissue structures and contrast can now be seen.

“We hope our new system will be the precursor to a device capable of discriminating malignant from healthy skin tissue for use in clinics without having to rely on laboratory-based instruments,” says Associate Professor Aleksandar Rakic, also from the School of ITEE.

Eerily reminiscent of certain superheroes, except with glasses on...

However, unlike superheroes, the work of the ITEE team is firmly grounded in reality, and has involved much collaboration with colleagues – particularly those from the University of Leeds.

“Breakthroughs in these areas require a true cross-disciplinary approach,” Professor Rakic says.

“We hope that our initial results can help us support an ongoing technical program to enhance the performance of the THz imaging system. We want to produce sharper images faster and with a smaller device and, through the study of animal and human models, better understand the role of this technology in cancer diagnosis.”

NEW TERAHERTZ LASER SKIN IMAGING TECHNIQUE FOR CANCER DETECTION

UQ researchers: Professor Stephen Wilson, Dr Karl Bertling, Dr Yah Leng Lim, Associate Professor Aleksandar Rakic (School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering), Dr Peter Sawyer (Translational Research Institute), Dr Thomas Taimre (School of Mathematics and Physics)

Funding source: Australian Research Council Discovery Project grant, European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action, Smart Futures Fellowship Program

Collaborators: QIMR Berghofer Institute for Medical Research, University of Leeds

Email: wilson@itee.uq.edu.au, rakic@itee.uq.edu.au

IMAGINE BEING A SUPERHERO WITH X-RAY VISION THAT CAN CLEARLY SEE WHETHER SKIN BLEMISHES ARE CANCEROUS OR NOT...

This is one “superhero” device that may help mere mortals combat the deadly peril of skin cancer...

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EVERY TIME WE USE A DRUG, WE GIVE A BUG A CHANCE TO BECOME A SUPERBUG...

Before becoming a Laboratory Head at the Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Professor Matt Cooper spent many years working and travelling in the Australian outback, Asia and the Middle East. It was during this time of seeing people suffer and die from simple, preventable infections that he became inspired to become a “soldier for health” in the war against bacteria.

He has certainly since risen up the ranks.

“Our aim is to try to save lives and help those most desperately in need,” he says.

“Our team works to develop drugs and diagnostics for superbugs, viruses and cancer: we don’t get many second chances with these diseases.”

Besides developing treatments and diagnostics for tuberculosis and dengue, the team’s main focus is on fighting “superbugs”, those bacteria becoming increasingly resistant to current antibiotics. The alarming growth of these superbugs, coupled with the lack of pharmaceutical companies working in this area, provides much impetus for their research.

“At present, bacterial sepsis kills more than 170 Australians a week – more deaths than breast cancer, prostate cancer and car accidents combined – and costs our economy more than $1 billion a year in direct healthcare costs,” says Professor Cooper.

“We want to do something about this.

“We encourage people to treat antibiotics as a precious gift and not to take them unnecessarily. But if they are taken, please don’t abandon treatment mid-way, as this is how superbugs flourish.

“At the moment we still have the upper hand, but bacteria are very good at adapting and evolving, and we don’t want to return to the pre-penicillin days when a simple scratch or minor cold could lead to pneumonia, skin infections and death.”

The team is working hard to translate research into better diagnostics and new drugs to help people in the developing world and in Australia.

“We want to be able to give the right drug the first time, in time.”

* A partnership between UQ and QIMR Berghofer that includes over 100 research groups undertaking cutting-edge research to fight infectious diseases

Another UQ researcher actively involved in the fight against superbugs is Dr Nouri Ben Zakour from the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences who has tracked a potentially devastating multi-drug resistant E.coli strain that is only one gene away from being resistant to almost all antibiotics.

“With more than 150 million cases of urinary tract infection reported globally each year, this bug – which was not viewed as problematic only five years ago – has huge potential for harm,” she says.

By studying the evolution of this bacterial pathogen from obscurity to notoriety, and comparing its genetic differences across six different regions around the world, she can now work on developing tests to rapidly detect and help combat its spread.

As can PhD student Mr Hosam Zowawi from the UQ Centre for Clinical Research who recently won a Rolex Laureate for his work in creating a diagnostic tool that can rapidly identify superbugs.

superbug FIGHTBACK

EVOLVING SUPERBUG THREATENS TO CREATE AN INFECTION TSUNAMI

UQ researchers: Dr Scott Beatson, Dr Nouri Ben Zakour, Professor Mark Schembri (Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre*, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences)

Funding source: National Health and Medical Research Council

Email: n.benzakour@uq.edu.au, s.beatson@uq.edu.au, m.schembri@uq.edu.au

Web: www.uq.edu.au/news/article/2014/04/evolving-superbug-threatens-create-infection-tsunami

YOUNG ‘SUPERBUGS’ INNOVATOR RECEIVES PRESTIGIOUS ROLEX LAUREATE

UQ researchers: Mr Hosam Zowawi under supervision of Professor David Paterson (UQ Centre for Clinical Research)

Funding source: Rolex

Email: d.paterson1@uq.edu.au

Web: http://bit.ly/youngsuperbugsinventor

INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION: BETTER DIAGNOSTICS AND NEW THERAPIES

UQ researcher: Professor Matt Cooper (Institute for Molecular Bioscience)

Funding source: Aus-India Fund, Australian Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council, National Institutes of Health, Therapeutic Innovation Australia, Wellcome Trust

Email: m.cooper@uq.edu.au

Web: cooper.imb.uq.edu.au, www.wadi.org.au

Multimedia: Fighting superbugs

Superbug health challenge (Channel 7 news)

Rise of the superbugs (ABC Four Corners)

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WORKING TOGETHER TO PROVIDE THE BEST SUPPORT FOR ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER FAMILIES DURING PREGNANCY, BIRTH AND EARLY PARENTING.

BIRTHING IN OUR COMMUNITY: IMPROVING MATERNAL INFANT HEALTH CARE FOR ABORIGINAL AND TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER WOMEN AND INFANTS

UQ researchers: Professor Sue Kildea (Mater Research Institute-UQ/UQ School of Nursing and Midwifery/ Mater Health Services), Dr Anton Clifford (School of Population Health), Professor Sue Kruske (UQ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mater Health Services)

Funding source: National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant

Partner organisations: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane Ltd, Institute for Urban Indigenous Health, Mater Mothers’ Hospital

Collaborators: Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, University of Newcastle, University of Sydney, West Griffith University

Email: sue.kildea@mater.uq.edu.au

Imagine being an elite athlete preparing for a major event, with your own personal support team providing advice on exercise, nutrition, mental coping skills and care for your body. You would feel more confident and as well prepared as you could be, right?

Now imagine that you are a pregnant woman preparing for the major event of your life: the creation of new life. Wouldn’t you like that same kind of support?

This is exactly what researchers at the Mater Research Institute-UQ and partner organisations had in mind when they devised a plan to help improve the health outcomes of urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mothers and their babies.

“We are offering a fully integrated service for expectant mothers