discrete computational structures cse 2353 summer 2005
TRANSCRIPT
DISCRETE COMPUTATIONAL STRUCTURES
CSE 2353
Summer 2005
CSE 2353 OUTLINE
1. Sets 2. Logic
3. Proof Techniques
4. Integers and Induction
5. Relations and Posets
6. Functions
7. Counting Principles8. Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 3
Learning Objectives
Learn the basic counting principles—multiplication and addition
Explore the pigeonhole principle
Learn about permutations
Learn about combinations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 4
Basic Counting Principles
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 5
Basic Counting Principles
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 6
Basic Counting Principles
There are three boxes containing books. The first box contains 15 mathematics books by different authors, the second box contains 12 chemistry books by different authors, and the third box contains 10 computer science books by different authors.
A student wants to take a book from one of the three boxes. In how many ways can the student do this?
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 7
Basic Counting Principles
Suppose tasks T1, T2, and T3 are as follows:
T1 : Choose a mathematics book.
T2 : Choose a chemistry book.
T3 : Choose a computer science book.
Then tasks T1, T2, and T3 can be done in 15, 12, and 10 ways, respectively.
All of these tasks are independent of each other. Hence, the number of ways to do one of these tasks is 15 + 12 + 10 = 37.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 8
Basic Counting Principles
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 9
Basic Counting Principles Morgan is a lead actor in a new movie. She needs to shoot a scene in
the morning in studio A and an afternoon scene in studio C. She looks at the map and finds that there is no direct route from studio A to studio C. Studio B is located between studios A and C. Morgan’s friends Brad and Jennifer are shooting a movie in studio B. There are three roads, say A1, A2, and A3, from studio A to studio B and four roads, say B1, B2, B3, and B4, from studio B to studio C. In how many ways can Morgan go from studio A to studio C and have lunch with Brad and Jennifer at Studio B?
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 10
Basic Counting Principles
There are 3 ways to go from studio A to studio B and 4 ways to go from studio B to studio C.
The number of ways to go from studio A to studio C via studio B is 3 * 4 = 12.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 11
Basic Counting Principles
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 12
Basic Counting Principles
Consider two finite sets, X1 and X2. Then
This is called the inclusion-exclusion principle for two finite sets.
Consider three finite sets, A, B, and C. Then
This is called the inclusion-exclusion principle for three finite sets.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 13
Pigeonhole Principle
The pigeonhole principle is also known as the Dirichlet drawer principle, or the shoebox principle.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 14
Pigeonhole Principle
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 15
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 16
Pigeonhole Principle
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 17
Permutations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 18
Permutations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 19
Combinations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 20
Combinations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 21
Generalized Permutations and Combinations
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 22
Generalized Permutations and Combinations
CSE 2353 OUTLINE
1. Sets 2. Logic
3. Proof Techniques
4. Integers and Induction
5. Relations and Posets
6. Functions
7. Counting Principles
8. Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 24
Learning Objectives
Learn about Boolean expressions
Become aware of the basic properties of Boolean algebra
Explore the application of Boolean algebra in the design of electronic circuits
Learn the application of Boolean algebra in switching circuits
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 25
Two-Element Boolean AlgebraLet B = {0, 1}.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 26
Two-Element Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 27
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 28
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 29
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 30
Two-Element Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 31
Two-Element Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 32
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 33
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 34
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 35
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 36
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 37
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 38
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 39
Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 40
Boolean Algebra
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 41
Logical Gates and Combinatorial Circuits
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 42
Logical Gates and Combinatorial Circuits
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 43
Logical Gates and Combinatorial Circuits
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 44
Logical Gates and Combinatorial Circuits
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 45
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 46
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 47
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 48
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 49
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 50
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 51
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 52
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 53
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 54
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 55
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 56
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 57
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 58
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 59
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 60
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 61
Logical Gates and Combinatorial Circuits
The Karnaugh map, or K-map for short, can be used to minimize a sum-of-product Boolean expression.
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 62
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 63
Discrete Mathematical Structures: Theory and Applications 64