Component of a Insan - Human

• Ruh

Surah Al-Isra, Verse 85 :: And they ask you, [O Muhammad], about the soul. Say, "The soul is of the affair of my Lord. And mankind have not been given of knowledge except a little."

• Aql

This is the intellect & rationale

• Badan

Surah al-Araf, Verse 12 :: [Allah] said, "What prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you?" [Satan] said, "I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay."

Component of Deen

The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Al-Islam implies that you testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, pay Zakat, observe the fast of Ramadan, and perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough (to bear the expense of) the journey.

He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth.

He (Umar ibn al-Khattab) said: It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth.

He (the inquirer) said: Inform me about Iman (faith).

He (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, in His angels, in His Books, in His Apostles, in the Day of Judgment, and you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil.

He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth.

He (the inquirer) again said: Inform me about al-Ihsan (performance of good deeds).

He (the Holy Prophet) said: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, for though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you.

Performed by Badan

Performed by Intellect

Performed by Soul

Sahih Muslim Book 001, Number 0001: One day we were sitting in the company of Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes, his hair extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him.

At last he sat with the Apostle (peace be upon him) He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs and said: Muhammad, inform me about al-Islam.

Iman - Faith

Statement :: Tawheed of Belief

Statement of the Heart

Statement of the Tongue

Action :: Tawheed of Action

HeartEmotion

TongueRead Quran

Dawah

Zikr

LimbsSalah

Ihsan - Perfection

Ihsan in the Quran

Surah Yunus, Verse 26 :: For them who have done good is the best [reward] –and extra. No darkness will cover their faces, nor humiliation. Those are companions of Paradise; they will abide therein eternally.

Surah an-Nahl, Verse 128 :: Indeed, Allah is with those who fear Him and those who are doers of good.

Ihsan - Perfection

Levels of Ihsan

Obligatory Level

Pure Intention

Compliance with Sunnah

Recommended Level

“…. Allah sees you …..”

Highest Level

“…. as if you see Allah …..”

Tazkiyah

Linguistic

To clean and purify from something filthy

To increase and/or become more in number

Technical

Zakah

Purify your wealth

Increase your wealth

Tazkiyat – al - Nafs

Cleanse and purify your soul

Nourish your soul with good & praiseworthy characteristics

Tazkiyah

How important is it ?

Scholars differ on if this is Fard-ayn or Fard-Kifayah

Unanimous that this knowledge is needed and must be put to use

Surah al-Shams, Verse 1 – 10 :: Allah takes 11 Oaths to signify the importance of purifying the soul

Less Grief with Controlled Nafs

Surah Yunus, Verse 62 – 63 :: Unquestionably, [for] the allies of Allah there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve. Those who believed and were fearing Allah.

Traps of Shaytan

Why did Allah create Evil ?If there was no evil we will not know what good is

In the absence of evil there would be no test

Evil is not a direct creation of Allah but an outcome of His Creation

Engineer created car but he did not create road accident

Road accident is an outcome of the behavior of the driver

Shaytan’s PloyShirk / Kufr

Bidah

Major Sins

Minor Sins

Distraction with Permissible Acts

Occupying one with Good Deeds of Lesser Rewards

LAST PLOY :: Backbiting & Slandering

Vices of the Heart

Purification involves two stages

Firstly, cleansing the heart of its vices & diseases

Secondly, increasing the good characteristics & virtues of the heart

To achieve the first step of cleansing ourselves from the vices and diseases of the heart and soul we need to consider the various diseases and their causes.

Anger ~ Ghadab

No one is free of anger

Anger per se is neither good nor bad

Certain types of anger are sinful and certain consequences of anger are blameworthy

Excessive anger is blameworthy as it prevents the afflicted person from thinking straight

Excessive anger overtakes your intellect

Anger ~ Ghadab

Cause of Anger

Internal Cause

External Cause

Effects of Anger

General External

Facial Expression, Physical movement

Tongue

Swearing, Cursing

Limbs

Beating, Killing

Heart

Jealousy, Hatred, Malice

Anger ~ Ghadab

Anger Management

Allah’s Remembrance

Get Acquainted with Virtues of Forgiveness & Forbearance

Fearing Allah’s Punishment

Being wary of feeling enmity and revenge

Reflecting on the outward manifestation of anger and its ugly nature

Questioning that which entices his rage to pursue revenge

Appreciating that people avoid those with short temper

Seeking refuge of Allah

Changing his physical state

Increasing invocations and supplications to Allah

Backbiting ~ Ghibah & Slandering

Definition

Ghibah , from the Arabic root word “ghayb” [from gh-ya-ba, which means to be absent; hidden remote; unseen; etc]. This is because often, when a person backbites another, he does so when the latter is not present.

Ghibah is a truthful statement that is said in the person’s absence and he would dislike to have that said about him; were this statement to be false, it would be called buhtan or slandering.

Backbiting is the only thoughtless utter of a few words, light on the tongue but weighty in sin. It could lead a person to Hellfire.

Backbiting ~ Ghibah & Slandering

Shariah Definition

Sahih Muslim, Chapter 18, Book 032, Number 6265: Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Do you know what is backbiting? They (the Companions) said: Allah and His Messenger know best. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Backbiting implies your talking about your brother in a manner which he does not like. It was said to him: What is your opinion about this that if I actually find (that failing) in my brother which I made a mention of? He said: If (that failing) is actually found (in him) what you assert, you in fact backbited him, and if that is not in him it is a slander.

Consequence

Quran

Surah Hujurat, Verse 12 :: O you who believe! Avoid much suspicions, indeed some suspicions are sins. And spy not, neither backbite one another. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would hate it (so hate backbiting). And fear Allah. Verily, Allah is the One Who accepts repentance, Most Merciful.

Hadith

Abu Dawud, Book 41, Number 4860: Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: When I was taken up to heaven I passed by people who had nails of copper and were scratching their faces and their breasts. I said: Who are these people, Gabriel? He replied: They are those who were given to back biting and who aspersed people's honour.

Backbiting ~ Ghibah & Slandering

Consequence

Hadith

Abu Dawud, Book 41, Number 4858: Narrated Sa'id ibn Zayd: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The most prevalent kind of usury is going to lengths in talking unjustly against a Muslim's honour.

Abu Dawud , Book 41, Number 4857: Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: I said to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him): It is enough for you in Safiyyah that she is such and such (the other version than Musaddad's has:) meaning that she was short-statured. He replied; You have said a word which would change the sea if it were mixed in it. She said: I imitated a man before him (out of disgrace). He said: I do not like that I imitate anyone even if I should get such and such.

Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 41, Number 4862, Sahih Sunan Al Tirmidhi (1655), Ibin Hiban, Hasan by Al Albani, Ghaybah al-Muram, 420 :: Narrated AbuBarzah al-Aslami: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: O community of people, who believed by their tongue, and belief did not enter their hearts, do not back-bite Muslims, and do not search for their faults, for if anyone searches for their faults, Allah will search for his fault, and if Allah searches for the fault of anyone, He disgraces him in the open for everyone to see, even if he hid it in the innermost part of his house.

Why does People Backbite ?

Weakness of Faith and lack of Piety

To vent his anger

To fit in

Personal dislike

For self-purification

To honor and elevate oneself

Jealousy & Envy

Mocking & Joking

Backbiting ~ Ghibah & Slandering

Backbiting ~ Ghibah & Slandering

Prevention & Cure

Reflecting on Allah & His Messenger’s Speech

Surah al-Zukhruf 43, Verse 80 :: Or do they think that We hear not their secrets and their private conversations? Yes, [We do], and Our messengers are with them recording.

Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 8, Number 158 :: Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should not hurt his neighbor and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should serve his guest generously and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should talk what is good or keep quiet." - Seek forgiveness from the transgressed person

Sahih Bukhari, Volume 8, Book 76, Number 481 :: It has been related on the authority of Sahl ibn Sa'd, that the Prophet (saw) said, "Whoever can guarantee what is between his jaws and what is between his legs, I guarantee him the Garden."

Al-Tirmidhi Hadith – 468 :: Narrated AbudDarda' :: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: He who defends the honour of a brother, Allah will shield his face against the Fire on the Day of Judgment.

Namimah – Tale CarryingDefinition

This is to transmit the statements of some people to others intending to cause friction and enmity between them

Ali (R) mentioned that “The tale-carrier, in one hour, creates the mischief of many months”.

Hadith

Sahih Bukhari, Volume 8, Number 717 :: Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, 'Beware of suspicion, for it is the worst of false tales and don't look for the other's faults and don't spy and don't hate each other, and don't desert (cut your relations with) one another O Allah's slaves, be brothers!“

Sahih Muslim, Book 1, Number 0189 :: It is reported from Hudhaifa that news reached him (the Holy Prophet) that a certain man carried tales. Upon this Hudhaifa remarked: I heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) saying: The tale-bearer shall not enter Paradise.

Sahih Muslim, Book 32, Number 6306 :: 'Abdullah b. Mas'ud reported that Muhammad (may peace be upon him) said: Should I inform you that slandering, that is in fact a tale- carrying which creates dissension amongst people, (and) he (further) said: The person tells the truth until he is recorded as truthful, and lie tells a lie until lie is recorded as a liar.

Namimah – Tale Carrying

Understanding the Early Generations

Umar (R)

When a man came to Umar (R), the great Caliph, to inform him of what someone had said about another person, he (Umar [R]) said, “If you wish we can verify this matter. If you have lied then you are from this ayah of the Quran: ‘O you who believe, when a sinner comes to you with news, verify it’, and if you have spoken the truth then you are from this ayah, ‘the backbiter who goes about slandering’. Alternatively, if you wish we can pardon you”. The man promptly replied that he would prefer to be pardoned and would never repeat this sin again

Umar (R) understood that if what the person had related was true, he would be tale carrier - and this is a sin – and if he had lied, he would have been a fasiq (a corrupt sinner) whose statements would need to be verified.

• Al-Hasan al-Basri

Al-Hasan al-Basri one said, “If someone comes to you with the statements of other then know that he will go to others with you statements.” Ali (R) mentioned that “The tale-carrier, in one hour, creates the mischief of many months”.

Namimah – Tale Carrying

Dealing with Namimah

Not Believe in the tale

Counsel & Advice

Hate the Sin & Perpetrator

Maintain the best of Expectations

Avoid Suspicion

Desist from spreading it further

Namimah – Tale Carrying

Accusation of Ayesha (R) ::

Aisha was traveling with her husband Muhammad and some of his followers. She left camp in the morning to search for her lost necklace; when she returned, she found that the company had broken camp and left without her. She waited patiently for half a day, until she was rescued by a man named Safwan and taken to rejoin the caravan.

Malicious tongues started to wag, claiming that she must have been having an affair with Safwan. Some urged Muhammad to divorce his wife.

Prophet then received a revelation (Surah Nur) directing that adultery be proven by four eyewitnesses, rather than simply inferred from opportunity. One passage of the Qur'an, "Verily! They who spread the slander are a gang among you..." (), is usually taken as a rebuke to those who slandered Aisha.

Namimah – Tale Carrying

Surah Nur

Punishment of Adultery

Never married

Married / Widowed / Divorced

Punishment of Failed Witness

Spousal Accusation of Adultery

Abu Bakr (R) rebuked by Allah

Lower you Gaze

Guard your private parts

Not display the adornment "except what is apparent of it“

Draw the khimar to cover the jayb.

Not display the adornment except to the people listed in the ayah.

Not stamp the feet so as to give knowledge of hidden adornment.

Namimah – Tale Carrying

Punishment of Zina – Adultery :: Classical Position

Story of Umar (R)

Story of the Woman that came to the Prophet

Story of Sahabi who confessed

Q & A

Review :: 30 minutes

Q & A