disiapkan oleh prof dr.pratiwi ts, drh, ms ai-tekrep pet 2012-prof pratiwi 1 teknologi reproduksi...
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DISIAPKAN OLEHPROF DR.PRATIWI TS, DRH, MS
AI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi 1
TEKNOLOGI REPRODUKSI dan INSEMINASI BUATAN PET
ANIMAL
SWEETEST PUPPIES
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Stages of the Ovarian Cycle
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AnestrusProestrus
EstrusDiestrus
Estrous CycleProestrus (9 days)
Vulva swollenBloody dischargeAttracted to male but does not mate
Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)Accepts maleStraw-colored discharge
Metestrus (90 days)False pregnancy
Anestrus (75 days)Sexual inactivity
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The Bitch
Puberty - 6 mo.Monoestrus
One estrus during breeding season
Estrous CycleProestrusEstrusMetestrusAnestrus
HeatHeat
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Estrous CycleProestrus (9 days)
Vulva swollenBloody dischargeAttracted to male but does not mate
Estrus (9 days, ovulation day 2)Accepts maleStraw-colored discharge
Metestrus (90 days)False pregnancy
Anestrus (75 days)Sexual inactivity
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Hormonal Changes
0 10 20-20
ProestrusEstrus
Anestrus
FSHFSH E2E2
LHProgesteroneProgesterone
Days
OvulationOvulation
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0 20 40-20
Day of Metestrus
60 80
Progesterone
E2
No UterineLuteolytic
Mechanism
ProlactinProlactin
Heat 20 dayMetestrus I
Metestrus II 70 days
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Estrous Cycle
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Pro-estrus » 1 - 2 days » Attracted to males » Rubs head and neck on objects » Vocalization, posturing and rolling Estrus » Accepts male » 4 - 6 days if male present, 10 days if no
male » Ovulation 27 hours after mating (induced) » Affectionate to aggressive towards
owners
Estrous Cycle
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Proestrus if queen did not ovulate» 8 - 10 daysDiestrus after ovulation» psuedopregnancy - 40 days» pregnancy - 60 days Anestrus 3 - 4 months
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Changes During Estrus of Bitch
-8 -4 0 +4 +8 +12
Proestrus Estrus
Aggressivetowards Male
Passive Provides sexual posturingto male for copulation
Bloody dischargefrom vulva Copulation
Vulva Swollen and Enlarged
Indicates Day of Peak in LHAI-TEKREP PET 2012-Prof Pratiwi 12
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Fantasizing…
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Haloo ... My dear
Anestrus
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Uterine involution post parturition or when P4 levels are at baseline
Time between heat cyclesHormones – Estrogen & P4 are lowDuration - Avg of 4.5 monthsVaginal Cytology – Parabasal and intermediate
vaginal epithelial cells, +/- WBC’s & bacteria, no RBC’s
Vaginal CytologyCorrect collection of a vaginal cytology
preparation is critical to its diagnostic value!
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Proestrus
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Time when bleeding begins and the bitch refuses to be bred, males are attracted to her, swelling of vulva
Duration – Avg 9 days (range: 6-11 days)Hormones – Estrogen is increasing; P4
baseline Vaginal Cytology – RBC’s, Decreasing WBC’s,
& parabasal cells, bacteria present, increasing intermediate, superficial intermediate, & few cornified cells
Vaginal Cytology - Proestrus
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Estrus
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Time when bitch will allow the male to breed her until she will no longer stand
“Standing Heat”Hormones – Estrogen fall & P4 rises; LH surge
occursVaginal Cytology – RBC’s decreasing or
absent; no WBC’s; Bacteria present; >80-90% Cornified cells
Vaginal Cytology - Estrus
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INSEMINATION OF THE BITCH
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Bitches ovulate around day 10 after they enterproestrus (discharge) or about 1 - 2 days of
estrus.Ovulation can be detected by:– LH assay (peak LH value + one day)– Progesterone assay (>5 ng/ml)– Cytology of vaginal smear (>50% cornified
cells)
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Remember oocytes in the canine are ovulated as 1° oocytes and must mature in the oviduct to a 2° oocyte before fertilization
Fresh or cooled semen, inseminate 2 days after
ovulation detected and again 48 - 72 hr latter.
Frozen semen, inseminate on day 5 - 7 after ovulation
Uterine insemination better than cervical
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Timing of Insemination
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Natural breedings or Fresh Collection AI3 breedings between d1 and d6
Fresh chilled-extended semen 1 breeding on d5 2 breedings on d4 & d63 breedings on d2, d4 & d6
Frozen semen 1 breeding surgically/transcervically on d6 2 breedings transcervically/surgically d4 & d6
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Estrous Cycle FELINPro-estrus
1 - 2 daysAttracted to malesRubs head and neck on objectsVocalization, posturing and rolling
EstrusAccepts male4 - 6 days if male present, 10 days if no maleOvulation 27 hours after mating (induced)Affectionate to aggressive towards owners
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Mating
Queens call or vocalize (low moaning sound)Owners may think a sign of illness
During matingTom bites neck femaleWith erection penis faces forwardOnly lasts 30 seconds to 5 minutesAs male dismounts female gives a loud
copulatory call and Tom retreatsMating occurs 6 - 7 times until queen declinesMay occur for up to 4 days
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MatingOccurs during estrusLength of courtship by male is variable
Licks vulvaBitch stands with tail to one side
MountingMale mounts without erection and penetrates
Os penisIn vagina, male bulbus glandis engorges, thrustingMale dismounts and turns around but penis remains in
vagina “the tie”EjaculationTie last 5 min to 1 hour
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Mating (cont.)
Mate 2 timesDays 11 and 13 after start of proestrus
Sperm lasts up to 7 days in female
InfertilityOften from mating not at appropriate time
Hormonal detection of ovulationLH increase associated with progesterone
>0.5 ng/mlOvulation progesterone 2-5 ng/ml
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