displaying landmarks and the user’s surroundings in indoor pedestrian navigation systems
TRANSCRIPT
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Dr. Max MustermannReferat Kommunikation & Marketing Verwaltung
Displaying landmarks and the user’s surroundings in indoor pedestrian navigation systems
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd LudwigChair of Information [email protected], [email protected] Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
PROJECT – INDOOR PEDESTRIAN NAVIGATION
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Indoor Pedestrian Navigation
MODEL indoor areas
IDENTIFY landmarks in indoor environments
DISPLAY navigation instructions
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
NADINE Application
Current Area: “Plärrer“.Go straight ahead to the tram stop.
Back Next
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Web Interface
http://urwalking.ur.de/navi/
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
SYSTEM DESIGNS
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Motivation
Displaying mobile maps is state of the art Map material currently used as navigation aid at the University of Regensburg
Interface simplification to minimize cognitive load enhance navigation efficiency
See e.g.: Bouwer et al. 2012; Butz et al. 2001; Puikkonen et al. 2009.
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
System Designs
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Landmark Selection
34 participants (16 m, 18 f)
mean: 22.5 years (range: 19-30)
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
EVALUATION
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Test Route
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Navigation Scenes
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Participants and Variables
Test users: 64 (33 male)Mean Age: 24.02 years
SD = 7.9 range: 11-64 years
Between subject design 35 map 29 graph
Dependent variable: Navigation Time
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
RESULTS
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results
Overall Navigation Time• p = 0.034 • r = 0.27
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Navigation Problems
Users who needed helpMap: 16Graph: 16
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Navigation Problems
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Subgroups
“Help” subgroup
• No difference between UI designs
“No-Help“ subgroup
• Mean map > Mean graph
• p = 0.0302 (r = 0.38)
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Navigation Steps
“No-Help“ subgroup• Map: 19• Graph: 13
Navigation Steps• 23 steps• p = 0.043
Means• map: 17.3 sec• graph: 15.3 sec
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Navigation Step 15
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Navigation Step 15
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Navigation Step 15
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Sense of Direction
Low SoD (37)
• No difference
High SoD (27)
• Mean map (15): 7.06 min
• Mean graph (12): 6.34 min
• p = 0.02 (r = 0.446)
SoD questionnaire: Münzer & Hölscher 2011In brackets: number of participants
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Questionnaire
“There were enough salient objects displayed so that I could orient myself.”
5.5 out of 7
“The chosen salient objects (like doors or stairs) were helpful. ”
6.0 out of 7
“I felt comfortable while navigating.” 5.8 out of 7
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Results – Questionnaire
“The directional arrows helped me while navigating.”
5.4 out of 7
“The text instruction helped me while navigating.”
6.0 out of 7
“The depiction of the surroundings helped me while navigating.“
5.0 out of 7
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
CONCLUSION
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Conclusion
Participants with a high sense of direction profit from abstract interface designs
A lot of participants get lost at large areas or hallways
The chosen landmarks are very helpful
Text instructions are very important for orientation
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Future Work
Does the abstract interface support elderly people?
How many landmarks should be displayed?
Which additional (map) information could be beneficial?
How can participants can be supported if they lost their way?
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
References
A. Bouwer, F. Nack, A. El Ali, Lost in navigation: evaluating amobile map app for a fair, in: Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Multimodal interaction, ACM, 2012,pp. 173–180.
A. Butz, J. Baus, A. Krüger, M. Lohse, A hybrid indoor navigation system, in: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI), ACM, New York, 2001, pp.25–32.
S. Münzer, C. Hölscher, Development and validation of a selfreport measure of environmental spatial strategies, Diagnostica57 (3), 2011, pp. 111–125.
A. Puikkonen, A.-H. Sarjanoja, M. Haveri, J. Huhtala, J. Häkkilä, Towards designing better maps for indoor navigation: experiences from a case study, in: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, ACM, New York, 2009, p. 16.
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
Thank You for Your Attention!
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd LudwigChair of Information Science
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Web Interface
http://urwalking.ur.de/navi/
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Results – Selected Objects
Architecture Function Information Furniture
Selected objects per category
142 (15%) 549 (58%) 131 (14%) 131 (14%)
Selection probability in a certain category
7% 22% 7% 8%
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Navigation Scenes
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Navigation Scenes
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Navigation Scenes
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Results – Navigation Step 23
Christina Ohm, Manuel Müller, Bernd Ludwig Chair of Information ScienceBringing Together Indoor and Outdoor Mobility Solutions, Ghent, 24.09.2015
BACKUP: Results – Navigation Step 23