Research Misconduct in Dissertations and Scientific Publications in Russia

Zadar, 20 Sept 2019Andrey Rostovtsev

DISSERNET

DISSERNET – Russian networkcommunity

Москва, Санкт-Петербург,Рязань, Казань, Ростов-на-Дону,Берлин, Мюнхен, Стокгольм, Лондон,Париж, Сантьяго де Компостела,Перуджа, Тель-Авив, Нью-Йорк,Сан-Франциско, Эдмонтон, Сидней…

2013

Typical DISSERNET result presentation

Page completelyplagiarized

Page partlyplagiarized

dissertation dissertationsource source

VroniPlag (Germany) as a prototype of DISSERNET

Working withthetext

Unhesitatingly!

Vladimir Gruzdev, a former Governor of the Tula region

the richest official

Chocolate istransformedinto beef!!!

Igor Igoshin, Deputy of the State Duma

Plagiarism

Overcitation

Salami slicing

Self plagiarism

Methodologicallyflawed

Rewriting~ 10 000 dissertations

(2000-2018)

Many clients are subjects,who not only did not writetheir dissertation, but neverseen it

about 10k largely falsifieddissertations were foundand made public.

Large scaleplagiarism

Scientificsupervisor-the same!!!

Professor Avanesov

+1

8

Васильев, 2001

Пучнин,1999

Абельцев,2000

Ким, 2002

Боков,2004

Финько,2002

Шегабутдинов, 2001

Силанов, 2007

Professor Avanesov’s children

Горохов,2012

“Scientific school”Соколов,

2003

Шаров,Привезенцев, 2003

Семеникин,2004

Семак,2003

Ряховский,20102007

Митр,2005

Кычкин,2003

Денисов,2004

Бурканов,2005

Абубакиров,2009

38

Out!

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Two Moscow “scientific schools@ in economics

Localization is important

How does it work?

PhDs “autoreferats”

Shorter version

Not indexed Indexed by search engines

1. Split the text of “autoreferats” into many short phrases.2. Send quests one by one to a search engine3. Collect statistics of the search engine responses4. Analyze the obtained statistical data

Statistics based on the Dissernet database

plateauDropdown at theVisibility limit

Processingdelay

Year of the defense

Num

berof

Dissernet

cases

2004

Academic fraud. Distribution over different fields.

12345678

Economics35%

Law

7%

15%23%

Pedagogy

Medicine

History

Technical science

PsychologyOther fields

Academic fraud is centered in big towns in Russia

Moscow

Saint-Petersburg

Orel

KazanIzhevsk

Nizhny Novgorod

Krasnodar

Rostov-on-Don

Other towns

Saratov

Tambov

67%

14%

Who is producing false academic degrees in Russia?

First 22 positions – the universities

First 4 positions – Moscow universities

RAS filial in Caucasus occupies 23-d position in the anti-rating

In regional universities a relative rate of falsifications is high, but its contributionin the total amount of the Russian scientific fraud is modest.

2014 Min Sci evaluated universities and other higher schools (822)

311 rectors received their Cand Sci or Dr Sci degrees during last 15 y

66 (21%) are Dissernet clients

МИСиС МАМИ МГТУ

22 universities located in Moscow

Even in most problematic area – economics - 5-6% in a random sample

Compare: Russian Acad Sci – zero, of all defended their thesis during15 y

Negative selection

Reputation crisis

RAS

University Cancellors

State Duma

Random dissertation (economics and law)

[%]

0

20

40

Moscow school’s directors

Regionalgovernors

Proportion of false dissertations amongPhDs defended for the last 15 years

03.2

21

29

41

5.0 Random dissertation (pedagogy)

16

Благочинный. Председатель епархиального отдела повзаимодействию с Вооруженными Силами иправоохранительными учреждениями, Координатор повзаимодействию Московской епархии с Главнымуправлением Министерства по чрезвычайнымситуациям России по МО. Духовник православнойгимназии имени им.сщмч.Константина Богородского.

Replaced military patriots by pilgrims and civil-political work by the pilgrimageoriented touristic business.

Archpriest MIKHAIL YALOV Y.

doctor of technical Sciences (????),doctor of pedagogical Sciences (2000),doctor of economic Sciences (2003),doctor of sociological Sciences (2010),doctor of physico-mathematical Sciences (2011),Professor, member-correspondent of Academy ofSciences "Russian Academy of education", theAcademy of natural Sciences, PAT, MAI, IASP, NewYork Academy of Sciences

Волов Вячеслав Теодорович - the rector of the Samarabranch of the Modern humanitarian Academy

Winner of five Doctorates

Academic tourism

Iranian citizens come to Tajikistan to get a degree. Tajik scientists sell themthe Russian thesis. Russian scientists in Moscow approve the fakedissertations of the Iranians. Iranians return to Tehran with a doctorate.

Moscow

Dushanbe

Tehran

123456

University staff.(professors of variousranks, lecturers, and/orresearchers)

“?”Administration

Medicine

Business

Other

Who are the “authors” of falsified dissertations?

0.5

[%]

Russian

publications

inthe

SCOPUS

A number of Dissernet cases100010 100

economics

5

Physics and mathChemistry

BiologyAgricultural science

humanities

Socialscience

medicine

World known scientific publications vs academic fraud rates

Number of Russian journals

0

1500

3000

4500

6000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Г.О. Еременко, 2016

WoS. Core Collection [2006-2016] Articles & Reviews

Перефразируя известную фразу– возьмем числом, а не умением.

данные предоставил Павел Касьянов, 2017

О.В. Кириллова, «вебинар, 12 сентября 2019»

Citation per document Rating (WoS data)

China 175 106

Russia 192 206

2009 2018

From 2009 to 2018 China went up from the place #175 to #106while Russia went down from #192 to #206

Plagiarism in a scientific journal paper«Economic sciences» (№12, 2011)

2011 2009

1) Authors A do not overlap with Authors BPLAGIARISM

2) Authors A fully overlap with Authors BDUPLICATE PUBLICATION

3) Authors A partially overlap with Authors BAUTHORSHIP ISSUES

Problems in Russian scientific papers

The statistics is based on 1000 paperscontaining > 80% text from earlier publications

38%

37%

25%

1

2

3

authors А authors B

• Figure 3. Justifications for retraction stated in the notices consulted, which accounted for 4,232 retracted articles.

Grieneisen ML, Zhang M (2012) A Comprehensive Survey of Retracted Articles from the Scholarly Literature. PLOS ONE 7(10):e44118. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044118http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0044118

SummaryFour years of the project 2013-2019:• over 9500 large-scale plagiarized dissertations• over 5000 sci. papers [out of 200 000 checked]

www.dissernet.orgTHANK YOU

biblio.dissernet.org

Выбор объекта

Исходный проверяемый текст

Первичный перечень подозрительных источников

1 2 3 4

Первичная «машинная» диаграмма

Итоговая выверенная диаграмма

Публикацияна сайте

Подачаапелляционной жалобы

Публикация в прессе, социальных сетях

Источник №1 Источник №2 Источник №3 Источник №4

2) Проверка на «Диссерорубке»

Автоматическая обработкарезультатов сличения текстов

2) Юридический анализ

1) Проверка на «Антиплагиате»

Получение исходного текста

Получение источников

Выверка результатов вручную1) корректность цитирования,2) совпадение ссылок с источником,3) наличие совместных публикаций,4) наличие более ранних публикаций (автоплагиат)

1) Редакторская обработка

Подготовка комментариев

«Диссернет» работает так. Технология сетевого конвейера

3) Ручной архивный поиск

Зам прокурора Доцент

Ректор

Саратов 2009

2014 - 2015

2012 – 2013

2010Ведущая организация: Тамбовскийгосударственный университет

им. Г.Р. Державина

"На данный момент ТГУ занимает 44-еместо по количеству публикаций и 50место по количеству цитированийсреди 884 вузов России"

2012

JOURNAL «Инновации и Инвестиции» (0.5, 53)JOURNAL «Проблемы современной экономики» (0.35, 98)JOURNAL «Креативная экономика» (0.31, 23)JOURNAL «Экономические науки» (0.23, 37)JOURNAL «Вестник СПбГЭУ» (0.2, 64)

Journal Impact Factor

Dissernet

casesin

journa

l’sed

itoria

lboa

rd - SCOPUS

When the members of journal’s editorial board are involvedin false dissertation production process.

Economics0.2<IF<1.0