Oscar E . L iburd

P ro f e s s o r o f F r u i t a n d Ve g . E n t o m o l o gy

U n i ve r s i t y o f F l o r i d a

Distribution and management of

spotted wing drosophila in

Florida berry crops

SWD Global Impact

North America:

Canada

US > $2 B Mexico

Central America:

Costa Rica

Asia:

Japan $500 M China

Thailand

Taiwan

North & South Korea

Pakistan

Russian Far East

Myanmar

India

Europe: > $4 B Spain

France

Italy

Germany

Austria

Slovenia

Switzerland

Croatia

Belgium

S. America:

Ecuador

First Record of SWD in Florida

• First recorded in 2009 in

in Hillsborough Co.

• > 28 Counties infested

• Economic losses in small

fruits in 2013 was ~35 M

Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD)

• Family Drosophilidae

• “Vinegar flies”

• “Fruit flies”

• “Pomace flies”

• Male

• Dark spots on wings

• Two bands on forelegs

• Female

• Serrated ovipositor

• No wing spots

Male SWD Female SWD

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SWD Lifecycle

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Egg 1-3 days

Larvae 5-7 days

Pupae 4-15 days

Adult 21- 63 days*

Oviposition 1-2 days

Fecundity 200-600 eggs

Monitoring

Correct Identification

Understanding

Host Ecology &

Biology

Use of

Cultural techniques

Implementation of

reduced-risk

pesticides

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for SWD

Surveying for SWD in Strawberries (2014)

3-5 SWD traps were

placed in strawberry

fields

Traps were placed either

on the border of fields

or in the center

Traps were serviced

biweekly

O. Liburd

L. Iglesias

Farms Mean Number of SWD per trap

February 10 February 24 March 10 March 24 Mean

A 0 0 0 0 0

B 1. 7 0 0 0.5 0.6

C 0 0 0 0.5 0.1

D 10 0.7 0 0.8 2.9

E 0 0.3 0 4.4 1.2

F 0 0 0 0 0

G 0 0 0 0 0

H 4.3 0.7 0 2.1 1.8

I 0 0 0 0 0

J 0 0 0 0 0

K 0 6.2 0 3.1 2.3

L 0.3 0 0 0 0.1

M 2.3 0.3 0 0.4 0.8

N 0.3 2.1 0 1.8 1.5

O 0 3.2 0 0.5 0.9

P 1.5 0 0 0.2 0.4

Captures of SWD in strawberry fields in Plant City, FL 2014

Abundance of SWD in Strawberry fields in north-

central Florida (2014)

Bradford County

Effect of Bait Types and Age

Apple cider vinegar versus Yeast sugar water

Baits & pherocon Lures performance

F = 7.67; df = 4, 72, P <0.0001

How specific is the suzukii bait & the lures?

Other drosophilids

Effectiveness and Longevity of Insecticides Residues on

SWD – field-based bioassays

Insecticdes evaluated:

Radiant® SC (spinetoram)

Entrust® (spinosad)

Malathion

Exirel® (cyantraniliprole)

Apta™ (tolfenpyrad)

Pyganic EC 5.0 (pyrethrin) 4 replicates in a RCBD

Plo

t size

20 f

t x 2

0 f

t

Mortality of adult SWD after exposure to strawberry

leaves and fruit 3 d after treatment (2014)

Treatment

Leaf: F = 41.90; P <0.0001

Fruit: F = 89.54; P <0.0001

3h-DAT

IPM-compatible insecticides for SWD control in strawberries

F = 55.92; P <0.0001

Not registered for use in

strawberries

48h DAT

Larval Recovery after Insecticide Treatment

Discussion and Conclusions

• Flies are abundant in > 50% of the strawberry fields

surveyed

• The suzukii bait in Trece traps was equally attractive

to SWD as the yeast-sugar bait

• Entrust, Radiant, Exirel and Malathion were equally

effective in killing flies

• Apta and PyGanic were ineffective in reducing SWD

larvae in fruit

Acknowledgements

UF Fruit & Vegetable IPM Lab

Grad. Students

Lindsy Iglesias

Janine Razze

Chris Crockette

Tamika Garrick

Tola Dosunmu

Post-Docs

Teresia Nyoike

Elena Rhodes