DNA and RNA

The Code of Life

The Human Genome Project

Engage:Instruction For A Human Being

Remember: Strawberry DNA Lab

What did your Strawberry DNA look like?

Explore

DNA Experiment for Parents!!!

• Tonight, I want you to attempt to extract DNA from different types of food in your home.

• You are to discuss and explain this process to your parents.

Review/Explain:Types of Nucleic Acids

What are the two types of nuclei acids?

Ribonucleic Acid(RNA) – Single StrandedDeoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)• Double Helix

– (Twisted Ladder)

DNA

• Deoxyribose Sugar• Base Pairs

A-T G-C

• Phosphate• Most Importantly---

– Contains the Code for ALL the Proteins in the Body

RNA

• Ribonucleic Acid

(RNA)• Sugar + Phosphate Backbone

• Differs from DNA

– Single Stranded

– Ribose Sugar

– Base Pairs A-U, G-C– Are there T’s in RNA?

– A, U no T’s in RNA

• RNA assists DNA in manufacturing needed proteins

Questions

• Name one difference between DNA and RNA.– DNA – Double Helix, RNA – Single Stranded– DNA --- A-T, RNA ---A-U– DNA ---Deoxyribose Sugar, RNA---Ribose

• What is a similarity of DNA and RNA?– G binds with C in both DNA and RNA– Both have sugar and phosphate backbone

Getting The Letters Out

Practice

• On your paper, complete the missing DNA strand by adding the complementary bases.

• A T C G T T G C C A T C

• T A G C A A C G G T A G

• Make the complementary RNA strand for the single strand of DNA below:

• A A T C A T C A C G T T

• U U A G U A G U G C A A

Get Your DNA Jewelry

Elaborate:Make a Key for your DNA Model

• Label each of the following components:– Cytosine– Adenine– Guanine– Thymine– Phosphate– Deoxyribose

DNA to RNA

• Using your DNA model and notes, what changes would you have to make in order to change this into an RNA molecule?

DNA

• What is the Main Job of DNA?• It contains the code for the proteins an organism

may produce.• What are the basic units or monomers of DNA?• Nucleotides make up DNA.• Where is DNA found? • It is found mostly in the nucleus of a cell making

up its chromosomes.

RNA

• What is the Main Job of RNA?• It retrieves the protein code from DNA and carry

out the processes needed to produce proteins.• What are the basic units or monomers of DNA?• Nucleotides• Where is RNA found? • It is found both inside and outside of the nucleus.