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n mn hc lng Qbase
H thng qun l cht LI M U
C th ni yu t quan trng nht quyt nh s tn ti v pht trin ca mt doanh nghip l cht lng sn phm v dch v m doanh nghip cung cp cho khch hng hay ni cch khc uy tn, li nhun v th phn ca doanh nghip ph thuc ch yu vo vic sn phm ca doanh nghip c p ng mc cao nht yu cu ca khch hng vi chi ph thp nht hay khng. Hin nay, khi nn kinh t cc quc gia trn th gii u hng ti xu th chung l m ca hi nhp th cht lng chnh l cng c cnh tranh hu hiu ca doanh nghip. Vy nn, v s sng cn ca mnh v cao c hn l v mt cuc sng cht lng cho con ngi, mi doanh nghip phi tm ra cch thc gii bi ton cht lng ny. V H thng qun l cht lng chnh l kt qu ca nhiu cng trnh nghin cu nhiu nc trn th gii nhm mc ch gip cc doanh nghip t c cht lng sn phm mong mun m li tit kim ti a chi ph. c im ni bt ca h thng qun l cht lng l cung cp mt h thng ton din cho cng tc qun l, ci tin mi kha cnh lin quan n cht lng v huy ng s tham gia ca mi b phn cng nh c nhn t mc tiu cht lng ra. Mt trong s nhng h thng cht lng em li thnh cng cho cc doanh nghip va v nh l h thng qun l cht lng Q-base. H thng qun l cht lng Q-base a ra cc chun mc cho mt loi hnh h thng cht lng v c th p dng cho mt phm vi rng ri cc lnh vc cng nghip v kinh t. c bit l p dng i vi cc doanh nghip va v nh to tin cho cc doanh nghip nng cao tnh cnh tranh trn th trng. Chnh v vy, vic nghin cu h thng cht lng ny v vn dng n vo thc t cc doanh nghip va v nh Vit Nam l mt vn rt cn thit. Xut pht t yu cu trn, ti nghin cu: H thng qun l cht lng Q-Base c nhm tm hiu nhm gp phn hiu thm mt s c s l thuyt ca h thng Q-base v gii quyt vn cht lng, mt vn cn thit cho cc doanh nghip trn th gii ni chung v cc doanh nghip Vit Nam ni ring. Trong qu trnh tm hiu, cc thnh vin trong nhm rt c gng hon thnh ti mt cch tt nht, nhng cng khng trnh khi nhng sai st. Rt mong c s gp ca cc thy c v cc bn ti liu ny c hon thin hn. Nhm xin c chn thnh cm n s hng dn nhit tnh ca c Nguyn Th Qunh Anh gip nhm hon thnh ti liu ny. Chn thnh cm n !
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PHN I: TNG QUAN V H THNG QUN L CHT LNG Q-BASE1.1. Lch s hnh thnh HTCL Q-base. Nn kinh t th trng ngy cng bin ng v phc tp. tn ti v pht trin, ng vng trn th trng, cc doanh nghip phi t ra cho mnh chin lc pht trin kinh doanh cho mnh l vic m bo cht lng. m bo cht lng l ct li ca qun tr cht lng. ngi tiu dng c th mua sn phm hay dch v vi lng tin v s thoi mi v sn phm, dch v . m bo cht lng ging nh mt li ha to nim tin trong tm tr v em li s tha mn nhu cu cho ngi tiu dng. V th cc doanh nghip phi cn p dng chnh sch m bo cht lng bng cch p dng cc m hnh h thng qun l cht lng sao cho khch hng tin vo hng ha ca cng ty mnh hoc xa hn na l tin tng vo cht lng ca chnh bn thn cng ty, nh vy khch hng s yn tm khi mua sn phm, dch v mi. p ng cho s cn thit trn cc nh nghin cu cht lng xy dng nhiu m hnh h thng qun l cht lng khc nhau p ng cc mc tiu v qui m khc nhau. Trong s cc h thng qun l ny c th k n H thng Qun l Cht lng Ton din (TQM), H thng Khng sai li (Zezo Defect), H thng m bo cht lng ISO 9000. Mi h thng nu trn c mc tiu v ni dung yu cu khc nhau: Chng hn h thng m bo cht lng trnh by trong tiu chun quc t ISO 9001, ISO 9002 v ISO 9003 nhm gii thiu mt m hnh qun l cht lng c mc tiu l em li lng tin cho khch hng rng h s nhn c sn phm p ng ng yu cu. H thng m bo cht lng theo ISO 9000 c tha nhn v p dng trn qui m ton cu. n gia nm 1995 trn 100.000 chng ch p dng ISO 9000 c cp cho cc cng ty hot ng trn 86 quc gia. Li ch ca vic p dng v c chng nhn theo ISO 9000 c khng nh. Tuy nhin cc yu cu ra trong ISO 9000 c th qu cao i vi cng ty ang mi bc u thc hin cc bin php qun l cht lng v c bit i vi cc x nghip va v nh. Nhng cc x nghip ny khng th b qua cng tc qun l cht lng nu nh h mun c v tr trn thng trng. p ng nhu cu trn, T chc Telarc ca New Zealand a ra h thng qun l cht lng c tn gi l Q-Base. T chc Telarc hot ng trong lnh vc ny k t nm 1984. N cho thy rng nhiu doanh nghip nh u tranh vi cc chi ph v kch thc ca h thng ISO 9000 nhng gp mt s tr ngi khi thc hin n. Sau khi nghin cu th trng thch hp, mt chng trnh chng nhn c bit c pht trin p ng nhu cu ca cc doanh nghip va v nh. Chng trnh ny c bt u vo nm 1991, thc s i vo nm 1994 v n by gi. Chng trnh ny thnh cng n ni n ly lan t New Zealand ti c, Chu , Chu u, v Bc M.
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H thng Q-Base c cng nguyn l nh ISO 9000 nhng n gin hn v d p dng hn. K t khi h thng ny c tuyn truyn ph bin Vit nam, nhiu doanh nghip kinh doanh v dch v, ch bin ng k xin c hng dn xy dng HTCL Q-Base thng qua cc Chi cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng. 1.2. Khi qut v H thng cht lng Q-Base. 1.2.1. nh ngha. H thng cht lng Q-base l mt h thng qun l cht lng, n a ra cc chun mc cho mt loi hnh h thng cht lng v c th p dng cho mt phm vi rng ri cc lnh vc cng nghip v kinh t. H thng Q-Base cp n cc lnh vc ch yu trong qun l cht lng
Chnh sch v ch o v cht lng.
Xem xt hp ng vi khch hng. Kim sot thnh phm, xem xt nh gi ni b. Kim sot ti liu. o to, ci tin cht lng. H thng Q-Base l tp hp cc kinh nghim qun l cht lng c thc thi ti New Zealand v mt s quc gia khc nh Australia, Canada, Thu in, an Mch. Cc nc trong khi ASEAN cng rt quan tm n Q-Base. H thng cht lng Q-Base cha phi l tiu chun quc t nh ISO 9000 nhng ang c tha nhn rng ri, lm chun mc chng nhn cc h thng m bo cht lng. H thng Q-Base s dng chnh cc nguyn tc ca ISO 9000 nhng n gin v d hiu hn. H thng m bo cht lng theo m hnh ISO 9000, theo kin ca nhiu chuyn gia, kh thc hin v phc tp, c bit i vi cc x nghip va v nh. Mc d n gin v d p dng, nhng H thng Cht lng Q-Base c y nhng yu t c bn ca mt H thng Cht lng, gip doanh nghip kim sot c cc lnh vc ch cht trong hot ng ca mnh. N tp trung vo vic phn cng trch nhim va giao quyn hn v khin cho mi nhn vin chu trch nhim v hnh ng ca mnh. H thng Q-Base rt linh hot v khng mu thun vi cc h thng qun tr cht lng khc nh ISO 9000 hay TQM v rt c ch cho nhng doanh nghip cung ng cho cc cng ty ln hn c giy cng nhn ISO9000. Tng doanh nghip c th vn dng h thng Q-Base theo iu kin c th ca mnh v l cng c rt cn thit cho lnh o cc doanh nghip nh v va khng ch trong cng tc qun l cht lng. c bit, Vit Nam c Telare cho php s dng h thng Q-Base t thng 11/95 v ngy 7/6/96, ban lnh o 2 c quan Telara New Zealand v Tng cc tiu chun o lng cht lng Vit Nam chnh thc k vn bn v vic ny. Ngoi ra, Telare cng ang xem xt cho php Philippines, Inonesia v Bruney s dng tiu chun Q-Base. K t khi h thng ny c tuyn truyn ph bin Vit nam, nhiu doanh nghip kinh doanh v dch v, ch bin ng k xin c hng dn xy dng HNhm MOF QC03C Trang 4
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thng qun l cht lng Q-Base thng qua cc Chi cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng. Sau khi thc hin cc yu cu ca h thng Q-Base, doanh nghip c th thm cc qui nh m doanh nghip cn thit v c th m rng dn dn n tha mn mi yu cu ca ISO 9000. 1.2.1.1. u im S dng chnh cc nguyn tc ca ISO 9000 nhng n gin, d hiu v d thit lp hn. L tng i vi cc cng ty ang chp chng trn con ng cht lng v nhng cng ty nh l n v cung cp hay nhn thu cho cc cng ty ln. C y cc yu t c bn ca mt h thng cht lng, gip cc doanh nghip kim sot c cc lnh vc ch cht trong hot ng ca mnh. Tp trung vo vic phn cng trch nhim v giao quyn hn v khin cho mi nhn vin chu trch nhim v hnh ng ca mnh.
1.2.1.2.
Cc trng hp ng dng h thng Q-Base
Hng dn qun l cht lng trong cc trng hp Theo hp ng gia cng ty v khch hng Chng nhn ca bn th ba 1.2.2. c im duy tr tn ti trong hot ng kinh doanh, cng ty phi c mt h thng qun l cht lng tt. Vi mt h thng tt, sn phm/dch v cht lng cao, nhn vin c ci thin nng sut, cht thi c gim thiu, v s hi lng ca khch hng c m bo dn n doanh nghip to ra li nhun ln hn. Q-base l mt h thng qun l cht lng c quc t cng nhn trin khai thc hin cc mc tiu ny.
c thit k cho cc doanh nghip va v nh. Da trn nn tng t ISO 9002.
c tha nhn nh l chun mc th gii chng nhn cc h thng m bo cht lng. cu.
M ra nhng th trng mi, va mang tnh a phng va mang tnh ton n gin, d thit lp. Chi ph, ri ro thp. Vn hnh nhanh( t nht l 6 thng). Ci thin cht lng cng ty mt cch lin tc. Lm tng li nhun ca cng ty Nhn vin vui v lm vic trong mi trng c t chc.Trang 5
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Chng minh cho khch hng thy rng Ni nhng g bn lm v lm nhng g bn ni. Q-BASE l mt c s d liu cho bo co, nh gi lin tc v l tiu chun nh gi kim tra cht lng theo: CGMP: thc hnh tt sn xut thuc theo tiu chun hin hnh. GMP: (Good Manufacturing Pratice) Tiu chun Thc hnh sn xut tt p dng qun l sn xut trong cc ngnh: dc phm, m phm, thit b y t, thc phm GMP l mt phn ca h thng qun l cht lng nhm m bo kim sot cc iu kin v nh xng (c s h tng), iu kin con ngi v kim sot cc qu trnh sn xut t nhng tiu chun v an ton v sinh cung cp cho ngi tiu dng loi b nhng nguy c. Li ch m GMP mang li l to phng thc qun l cht lng khoa hc, h thng v y , gim cc s c, ri ro trong sn xut, kinh doanh. GLP: (Good Laboratory Practice ) H thng an ton cht lng phng th nghim l tt c cc hot ng c h thng c hoch nh sn v p dng theo h thng cht lng, th hin nhng yu t thch hp nhm m bo tin cy cn thit p ng c cc yu cu cht lng. ISO 9000: l b tiu chun do T chc quc t v tiu chun ho ISO ban hnh ln u nm 1987, v sa i mi nht nm 2000, nhm mc ch a ra mt m hnh c chp nhn mc quc t v h thng qun l cht lng v c th p dng rng ri trong cc lnh vc sn xut, kinh doanh v dch v k c dch v hnh chnh do cc c quan Nh nc thc hin. ISO 9000 tp hp nhng kinh nghim qun l cht lng tt nht c thc thi trong nhiu quc gia trn th gii t chnh sch cht lng, thit k trin khai sn phm v qu trnh cung ng, phn phi, dch v sau khi bn hng, xem xt, nh gi ni b, o to. y khng phi l tiu chun cho mt sn phm c th m l tiu chun cho mt h thng qun l cht lng. B tiu chun ISO 9000 l cng c qun l, p dng n l p dng mt cng ngh qun l tin tin. ISO 17025: ISO ban hnh tiu chun ISO/IEC 17025 Yu cu chung v nng lc i vi phng th nghim v hiu chun thay th cho ISO/IEC Guide 25 (TCVN 5958:1995) v EN 45001. Tiu chun ny nu r mc tiu cho cc Phng th nghim (PTN) mong mun chng minh rng mnh c nng lc v k thut v t chc qun l, hot ng mt cch hiu qu v c th cung cp cc kt qu th nghim v hiu chun c gi tr v k thut. HACCP : (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) c ngha l h thng
phn tch mi nguy v kim sot im ti hn, hay h thng phn tch, xc nh v t chc kim sot cc mi nguy trng yu trong qu trnh sn xut v ch bin thc phm. HACCP l h thng qun l cht lng da trn c s phn tch cc mi nguy v cc im kim sot trng yu. l cng c phn tch nhm bo m an ton v sinh vNhm MOF QC03C Trang 6
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cht lng thc phm. HACCP bao gm nhng nh gi c h thng i vi tt c cc bc c lin quan trong quy trnh ch bin thc phm, ng thi xc nh nhng bc trng yu i vi an ton cht lng thc phm. Cng c ny cho php tp trung ngun lc k thut, chuyn mn vo nhng bc ch bin c nh hng quyt nh n an ton cht lng thc phm. 1.2.3. Chc nng Q-BASE l mt cng c rt cn thit cho s qun l v thc thi cc b phn v n c cc chc nng sau : phn. Bo co v qu trnh kim tra v xem xt li ton b vic thc thi cc b a ra cc tiu chun nh gi. Khi qut c ton b qu trnh thc hin. L mt s chng minh cc tiu chun nh gi hon thnh ca bn c hiu qu hay khng.1.2.4. Bn cht ca Q-Base:
Cng vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca vic p dng b tiu chun ISO9000, mt vn ny sinh l cc doanh nghip va v nh gp kh nhiu kh khn trong vic p dng tiu chun ny, c bit l v mt chi ph. Telare - t chc chng nhn cht lng hng u ca New Zealand, sau khi nghin cu th trng a ra h thng qun l cht lng vn s dng cc nguyn tc c bn ca tiu chun ISO9000 (ch yu l ISO9002 v ISO9003) nhng n gin v d p dng hn. H thng ny, bao gm nhng yu cu c bn m bt k doanh nghip no cng cn phi c m bo gi c lng tin i vi khch hng v cht lng sn phm hoc v dch v, gi tt l Q.Base. Trong mt s vn , h thng Q.Base khng i su nh ISO9000, m i hi nhng yu cu ti thiu cn c, tng doanh nghip c th pht trin t h thng Q.Base ln cho ph hp vi yu cu ca ISO9000. H thng Q.Base rt linh hot, tng doanh nghip c th vn dng theo iu kin c th ca mnh v l cng c rt cn thit cho lnh o cc doanh nghip nh v va khng ch trong cng tc qun l cht lng. H thng Q.Base l tp hp cc kinh nghim qun l cht lng c thc thi ti New Zealand v mt s quc gia khc nh anmch, Australia, Canada, Thy in. Q.Base cp n cc lnh vc ch yu trong qun tr cht lng, chnh sch ch o v cht lng, xem xt hp ng vi khch hng, qu trnh cung ng, kim sot nguyn vt liu, kim sot qu trnh, kim sot thnh phm, xem xt nh gi ni b, kim sot ti liu, o to, ci tin cht lng. H thng Q.Base tuy cha phi l tiu chun quc t nh ISO9000, nhng ang c tha nhn rng ri lm chun mc chng nhn cc h thng m bo cht lng. Q.Base s dng chnh cc nguyn tc ca ISO9000 nhng n gin v d p dng hn, c bit ph hp vi cc doanh nghip nh v va ang bc u hnh thnh h thng qun l cht lng.Nhm MOF QC03C Trang 7
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Q.Base c y nhng yu t c bn ca mt h thng cht lng, gip doanh nghip kim sot c cc lnh vc ch cht trong hot ng ca mnh. N tp trung vo vic phn cng trch nhim v giao quyn hn, khin cho mi thnh vin chu trch nhim v hnh ng ca mnh. Sau khi thc hin cc yu cu ca h thng Q.Base, doanh nghip c th thm cc qui nh m doanh nghip cn thit v c th m rng dn dn n tha mn mi yu cu ca ISO9000. H thng Q.Base rt linh hot v khng mu thun vi cc h thng qun tr cht lng khc nh ISO9000 hay TQM v rt c ch cho nhng doanh nghip cung ng cho cc cng ty ln hn c giy cng nhn ISO9000.
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PHN II: TRIN KHAI V P DNG H THNG CHT LNG Q-BASE2.1. Cc iu khon ca h thng Q-Base The Code bao gm 8 iu khon, mi iu khon tp trung vo ch ra cc kha cnh c nh hng n h thng qun l cht lng. S hiu chnh thng xuyn cho php The Code vng vng vi nhng thay i mang tnh trit hc ca ISO 9001 p ng nhu cu ca cc doanh nghip va v nh, mt vi DN b tr hon vi nhng thay i trong s iu chnh ca mi trng. V d, dng phin bn The Code 2001 c xem xt lin tc vi mc tiu ca vic gii thiu mt iu khon b sung trong ngh nghip, sc khe v s an ton. y l cu tr li trc tip cho vic iu chnh cc yu cu v sc khe v an ton trong cng vic Act 1992. iu ny c mong i l mt hiu chnh mi, sm c tha nhn trong nm 2005 iu khon 1: Qun l h thng cht lng: Ci g cn phi thit lp, vn hnh v qun l h thng cht lng ca bn. Cng ty phi ch nh mt nhn vin c vai tr nh mt iu phi h thng c y quyn v chu ton b trch nhim cho s m bo cht lng cho tng phn on cng vic ca t chc. Ngi iu phi h thng c yu cu m bo rng tt cc cc nhn vin phi tun theo cc chnh sch v nhng qui trnh v cc hng dn cht lng ton b thi gian. Anh ta hoc c ta cng phi chu trch nhim cho vic kim tra v khng ngng ci thin h thng qun l cht lng. V The Code khng yu cu ngi iu phi h thng l mt chuyn gia v qun l cht lng, vai tr ny thng do Gim c iu hnh hoc ch Doanh nghip m nhim. iu khon 2: Kim tra nhng ti liu ph bnh v h s: Qu trnh phi ng nht vi nhau v bo m mi ti liu lin quan n cht lng lun lun cp nht tng ngy v sn c i vi nhng ngi lm vic vi n. Nhng ti liu, k c bt k phng php no ca vic ghi chp hay th hin thng tin l quan trng bo m cht lng ca nhng sn phm v dch v, v nhng hot ng ph hp ca mt cng ty. Bi vy, cng ty phi c mt h thng ng nht v kim sot u tt c nhng ti liu ca n bo m rng ch nhng phin bn hin hnh ang s dng 4472862 v khng c s thay i khng hp php c thc hin. H thng cng chia s thng tin lin quan ti tt c nhng ai m cn n bo m nhng qu trnh quan trng c hiu cn thn v thc hin ng. iu khon 3: Nhu cu ca khch hng: Phi c s kt ni gia s mong i ca khch hng v nng lc tim tng ca doanh nghip.
Mt ngun chnh ca sn phm hay nhng vn dch v pht sinh t vic thiu s tng tc gia khch hng v cc nh cung cp. V vy, cng ty phi xem li tt c cc hp ng cung cp hng ho hoc dch v m bo rng cc yu cu hoc nhuNhm MOF QC03C Trang 9
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cu ca khch hng c hiu mt cch tt nht cng ty c kh nng thc hin cc nhu cu . Vic p dng cc nguyn l ging nhau n bt k nhng thay i ca mt n t hng, v vy cc thay i caanf phi c hiu mt cch ng n v thng tin n tt c cc bn lin quan. iu khon 4: Mua hng: Xc nh nhng nhu cu ca cc bn mt cch r rng ti nhng nhng nh cung cp ph chun v m bo rng nhng g bn nhn l nhng g bn t hng v lun lun ng hn. Cng ty phi c mt h thng cho vic kim tra cc ti liu mua hng, nhng thnh phn v cc dch v hp ng ph. N phi la chn nh cung cp v nhng ngi thu li khng ch da vo gi m cn trn c s hot ng. V y l nguyn liu ti hn phi c u tin nu h khng gim cht lng hng ho v dch v thuc s hu ca cng ty. Cng ty cng phi gim st hot ng ca nh cung cp v nhng ngi thu li, v kim tra nhng n t hng c giao ng lc, ng s lng, v ng vi nhng c im k thut. iu khon 5: o to v hng dn thc hin cng vic: Thit lp tt c h thng o to m bo rng i ng nhn vin c o to y cho cng vic h lm.
Nhn vin s c hun luyn cho cng vic h s lm v nu cn thit s c cung cp vi nhng ch dn c vit vch ra cch thc hin nhim v ca mnh nh th no. S ch dn s bao gm s tham chiu n bt k cc tiu chun, m vch v nhng quy nh ca ni p dng. Mt chng trnh hun luyn c thit k mt cch ng n s m bo nhu cu hun luyn ca mi ngi c xc nh ph hp v nhn c phng php hun luyn thch hp. Hn na vic chp nhn cc ch dn cng vic to ra nhng bin i nh v nhng mu thun trong tin trnh thc hin. Cng vic gim st v kim tra cc tiu chun ph. Cng ty phi c nhng hoch nh v cc qui trnh gim st nguyn liu th, thnh phn, cng vic trong tin trnh, v sn phm cui cng phi t c s chun ha v thm nh ca vic o lng, kim tra v gim st thit b theo ng nh k hoch. H thng cng cho php cc nguyn liu v sn phm c gim st v chng bm st qui trnh sn xut m bo rng chng c th chuyn ti giai on tip theo hoc c chuyn li v h tm thy nhng sn phm cha t tiu chun. H thng cht lng cng s bao gm nhng tin trnh cho s phn chia cc sn phm c phm cht thp v c cch sp xp cc qui trnh sn xut.
iu khon 6: Kim tra v qun l nhng cng vic km tiu chun
Hnh thc ha nhng k hoch c cht lng ca bn, thit lp o lng, kim tra kch c thit b. S thit lp mt qu trnh c h thng c th ci thin cc cng vic khng ph hp. iu khon 7: Qun l s i mi: Lm sao x l cht lng khng tt v gii quyt h sao cho n khng cn xut hin. T thit lp chu trnh ci tin lin tc.
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Cng ty phi c 1 qu trnh cho vic u t vo nhng sn phm di tiu chun, s phn nn ca khch hng, hoc nhng c tnh cht lng xc nh nguyn nhn chnh ca vn . Mt nguyn nhn c n xc nh, hot ng phi c chn chn rng nhng vn ging nhau hoc tng t th khng c lp li. Cha kha ca vn l phi tm ra mt gii php thng xuyn cho cc vn . N thng bao hm vic nhn thy trc cc du hiu khng tt ti cc yu t c s gp phn cho vn .
iu khon 8: Hip hi, cng nghip v cc tiu chun khc.
Khng c nhng yu cu c bit di iu khon ny. Thay vo , n cho php qun l h thng c bin i ph hp vi nhu cu ring ca cng ty v c th bao gm c nhng yu cu v sc khe v s an ton. 2.2. Phm vi v nhng trng hp p dng Q-Base H thng Q-Base c th p dng rng ri cho cc lnh vc cng nghip v kinh t, c bit i vi cc x nghip va v nh. H thng Q-Base l l tng i vi cc cng ty ang chp chng trn con ng cht lng v nhng cng ty nh l n v cung cp hay nhn thu cho cc cng ty ln. Mt cch tng qut, h thng Q-Base c p dng trong cc trng hp: Hng dn qun l cht lng trong cng ty, nhm nng cao kh nng cnh tranh ca mnh, thc hin cc yu cu i vi cht lng sn phm mt cch tit kim nht. Theo hp ng gia cng ty v khch hng (bn th nht v bn th hai) khi khch hng i hi. Doanh nghip phi p dng m hnh m bo cht lng theo QBase c th cung cp sn phm p ng. Chng nhn ca bn th 3: H thng m bo cht lng ca cng ty c t chc chng nhn nh gi v cp chnh thc. 2.3. S cn thit ca Q-Base i vi cc doanh nghip va v nh Cc t chc kinh doanh va v nh cn chng nhn cht lng Q-Base do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau: Cc hp ng m cc cng ty ang theo ui i hi yu cu mt s chng nhn v iu l v tiu chun cht lng nh l mt iu kin bt buc. Giy chng nhn cht lng ny c th cung cp cho khch hng mt s tin tng vo nhng dch v c cung cp bi nhng t chc c cp giy chng nhn cht lng theo Q-Base. S chng nhn cht lng Q-Base l mt s chng t xc thc r rng ca mt doanh nghip v s ci tin lin tc v tp trung vo tho mn khch hng. H thng qun l cht lng ny chng t s ci thin trong kt qu hot ng ca doanh nghip v gip nhng qun l ri ro bn trong doanh nghip. H thng qun l cht lng ny c th lm gia tng hiu qu hot ng ca doanh nghip, v bng cch lm gim i s lng ph trong doanh nghip.
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Nhiu doanh nghip thy rng s chng nhn cht lng trong h thng qun l ca doanh nghip c th gip h gia tng doanh s, gim t l nhn vin b vic, ci thin li nhun. 2.4. Thit lp h thng Q.base trong t chc 2.4.1. Thi gian thit lp h thng Cho d bt c u th mt trung bnh khong 5-12 thng. iu ph thuc vo nhng hot ng hin ti v thi gian bn c dnh cho n c c h thng QBase. Chun b s tay cht lng v bo m rng n phn chiu mt cch chnh xc h thng kinh doanh ca bn. Mong i ch mt mt khong thi gian 250 n 350 gi cho mt ngi tri qua mt khong thi gian 5 12 thng ( sn sng cho s kim sot c lp bi bn th ba). N bao gm s chun b s tay cht lng QBase v thit lp h thng. 2.4.2. Chi ph thit lp h thng QBase c mc gi thp nht, hon ton c cng nhn bi h thng qun l cht lng ton cu. Hin ti, mc chi ph thp nht l 9000 la thc hin v nhn c chng ch cho ton h thng.
Mc ph bao gm cc khon sau :
Bui ta m hun luyn cho cc thnh vin mi. Ti liu o to S tay pht trin cht lng v nh gi T vn v cung cp min ph trn cc website. c lp, gim nh bi bn th ba v cp giy chng nhn. Chi ph chng ch v chi ph ng k Mi ln bn nhn c chng ch, QBase tnh ph 1, 150 la cho ph bo dng hng nm. Chi ph ny bao gm chi ph cho hai ln nh gi trn website mi nm, bt u su thng sau khi s kim sot chng ch ban u ca bn. 2.4.3. Cc giai on p dng Q-base H thng cht lng Qbase c p dng ch yu cho cc doanh nghip va v nh, l mt h thng nhng c vn hnh v p dng n gin. p dng mt cch hiu qu, doanh nghip cn thc hin trnh t ba giai on sau:
Giai on 1: Phn tch tnh hnh v lp k hoch.
Lnh o cng ty xc nh r vai tr ca cht lng v nh hng hot ng ca cng ty. Lnh o c quyt tm xy dng v p dng h thng cht lng trong cng ty. T chc qun l vic xy dng v thc hin HTCL thng qua vic thnh lp ban ch o v xy dng k hoch trin khai.Nhm MOF QC03C Trang 12
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Xy dng nhn thc v Q-Base trong cng ty, t chc vic o to cho cc thnh vin trong ban ch o. Quy nh phm vi p dng ca HTCL. Kho st h thng qun l cht lng hin c, cc yu cu chnh sch cht lng, th tc, quy nh, quy trnh cng ngh hin hnh ti cc n v. Lp k hoch xy dng v thc hin Q-Base, phn cng nhim v, trch nhim v quyn hn.
Giai on 2: Xy dng HTCL v trin khai p dng.
o to cho tng cp v H thng cht lng Q-Base v v phng php xy dng cc vn bn cho HTCL. Vit chnh sch v mc tiu CL da trn yu cu ca Q-Base v mc tiu sn xut kinh doanh. Vit cc th tc v ch dn cng vic theo cc iu ca Q-Base. Vit s tay cht lng ca cng ty. o to v cc phng php v th tc c thnh lp cho cc thnh vin c lin quan. Cng b chnh sch CL v ch th ca cng ty v vic thc hin cc yu cu ca HTCL. Quyt nh ngy p dng h thng mi v gi hng dn thc hin. C th p dng th im. Th nghim H thng mi trong mt thi gian.
Giai on 3: Hon chnh
Cng ty t chc nh gi ni b khng nh s ph hp v hiu lc ca h thng cht lng. Cng ty xut v thc hin cc bin php khc phc. Cng ty c th nh mt t chc bn ngoi, c l t chc chng nhn, n nh gi s b. xut v thc hin cc bin php khc phc. Lm n xin chng nhn. 2.5. Li ch ca vic p dng v c chng nhn ph hp Q-Base t c chng nhn ph hp Q-Base, cc t chc c nhng li ch sau y:
i ngoi:
Mt h thng cht lng c hiu qu tr thnh mt u th trong mi trng cnh tranh hin nay.
i ni:
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Tng li nhun nh vic hp l ha sn xut, tit kim chi ph bo tr, ti ch gim lng ph. Ci tin vic kim sot cc qu trnh ch yu; Tng cng k lut lao ng. Li ch su xa ca vic p dng h thng Q-Base trong doanh nghip : i vi Khch hng : s tin tng hn vo kh nng phn phi sn phm hay
dch v ca cng ty bn v p ng tt hn nhng yu cu ca h. khch hng s nhn c n hng ng lc, mi lc mi ni. C rt nhiu v d v nhng cng ty dnh c nhng v kinh doanh mi nh vo h thng cht lng ny. i vi cc nh qun tr : h thng ny gip h c nhiu thi gian ln k
hoch kinh doanh v tp trung pht trin doanh nghip v n gip gim s sai st, thit hi, t khch hng s t phn nn hn, hnh nh cng ty c nng cao. Khi cc nh qun tr kinh doanh hiu qu hn, h cm thy hi lng, an ton v pht trin c cc mi quan h c nhn tt p vi nhn vin v t ho v nhng g h t c. i vi nhn vin cng cm thy hi lng hn trong cng vic khi h cng
vi cc nh qun tr cng hng n mt mc tiu chung. Mi ngi s c nhng tng r rang hn v cch thc h c th ng gp xy dng mc tiu ny v cng nhau chia s nhng thnh cng h t c. i vi nhng nh cung ng: s yn tm hn v trung thnh vi cng ty bn hn do nhn thy c mt hiu sut lm vic cao v tht s hiu qu.
2.6. S cp php khi p dng Qbase. Mt doanh nghip mun p dng h thng qun l cht lng ca Q-Base vo hot ng ca doanh nghip th phi c s chng nhn ca Q-Base thng qua vic cp php cho doanh nghip p dng h thng ny. Vy s cp php c ngha nh th no i vi doanh nghip ? Thng bo cho khch hng bit rng cp php c lin quan vi cng ty rng n phi tha mn cc iu kin cn thit ca s cp php nhn hiu quc t cho cc iu khon ca Q-Base cho vic thc hin qun l cht lng, o lng chnh xc cc tiu chun nhm tha mn nhu cu ca cc doanh nghip nh. Giy chng nhn gip cho mi ngi bit v hiu r v cng ty nhiu hn bn ni v cng ty. Bi vic thc hin h thng qun l Q-Base v vic mi nh gi mt cch c lp h thng qun l cht lng ca bn, bn phi gii thiu mt cch chnh thc li cam kt m bo rng nhng g khch hng cn l nhng g bn c. c chng nhn, h thng qun l cht lng ca bn phi c thm nh da theo nhng iu kin cn thit ca Quy tc qun l ca Q-Base. Quy tc ny da trn cc yu t ca h thng qun l cht lng tiu chun ISO 9000 v chng thch hp vi cc doanh nghip c quy m nh.
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c c s tin cy hon ton v c Q-Base chng nhn, cng ty ca bn phi xut pht t cc bc sau: a ra mt li cam oan chc chn ti khch hng. Tham gia bui ta m dnh cho nhng thnh vin mi. S dng cc t liu o to mt cch chi tit c cung cp bi Q-Base, v xc tin cc cng vic pht trin lin tc, s tr gip trc tip t Q-Base thng qua h thng pht trin ng in thoi, fax, mail, v kim tra, v chun b s tay cht lng ca cng ty lm ng theo quy tc quc t Q-Base. i hi i ng nhn vin thc hin ng theo qu trnh ngay t lc bt u. ng k s tay cht lng ca cng ty cho c s kinh doanh c lp, c kim tra v nh gi li bi bn th ba theo Q-Base. Sau khi ban thanh tra ca c s kinh doanh c lp nhn c s tay cht
lng ca cng ty bn, h s lin lc cho mt cuc thm tra ti ch v nh gi kh nng. Khi vic nh gi hon thnh, ban gim nh c lp s xut li cng ty v vic cp php v chng nhn li vic thc hin h thng qun l cht lng qun l ca Q-Base . T cc yu t trn, chng trnh Q-Base s c nh gi 6 thng mt ln m bo cng ty ca bn c duy tr v ci thin n t c mc thc hin qun l cht lng. 2.7. Vi s khc nhau gia Q-base v ISO 9000. Q-BASE ISO 9000
- Da trn cc nguyn tc ca ISO - L b tiu chun do T chc quc t 9000 v tiu chun ho ISO ban hnh. - Cha c quc t cng nhn. - c quc t cng nhn - p dng cho cc doanh nghip va - p dng cho tt c cc doanh nghip v nh, mi tham gia vo th trng. mun p dng h thng qun l cht lng - Chi ph thp, n gin d p dng. - Chi ph cao, kh p dng. - Bao gm nhng yu cu c bn m - C nhng yu cu cao hn v su bt k doanh nghip no cng cn phi c hn. Tng doanh nghip c th pht trin m bo gi c lng tin i vi t h thng Q-Base ln cho ph hp vi khch hng v cht lng sn phm hoc yu cu ca ISO 9000 v dch v
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PHN III: P DNG H THNG Q-BASE TRONG DOANH NGHIP3.1. Vai tr ca h thng Q-Base i vi cc doanh nghip va v nh Vit Nam Doanh nghip va v nh ng vai tr quan trng trong nn kinh t quc dn ca mi quc gia cho d quc gia pht trin hay ang pht trin. Vi hn 70% dn sng nng thn nh nc ta th vic thc hin cng nghip ho, hin i ho phi bt u t nng nghip v nng thn, thng qua vic xc tin thnh lp cc doanh nghip va v nh. C th ni, s hnh thnh, pht trin v iu chnh cho m hnh ny hot ng ng qu o ca nn kinh t th trng nc ta s l tng "chic cu nh" cc doanh nghip va v nh Vit Nam, nhanh chng vn ln tr thnh nhng doanh nghip ln c sc cnh tranh trn th trng khu vc v trn ton th gii. Cc doanh nghip va v nh c vn u t khng ln v s ngi lm vic khng nhiu, c th t nm, by ngi ti vi trm ngi. Vic xc nh v quan nim v loi hnh doanh nghip ny ca cc nc trn th gii v trong khu vc ng Nam ni chung khng khc nhau. Cc doanh nghip ny c th thuc cc ngnh ngh nh: Sn xut hng tiu dng, chi tit my, vt liu xy dng Ch bin nng sn, thc n gia sc, chn nui Hng th cng m ngh bn... Cung cp cc dch v: t vn, qung co, gii tr, ngh ngi, n ung v bun
Tuy gi l doanh nghip va v nh v c quy m khng ln, nhng cc doanh nghip ny ng gp mt phn khng nh trong tng thu nhp hng nm ca nn kinh t quc dn ca mi nc. iu ny khng ch thy nc ta m ngay c cc nc pht trin nh Nht Bn, Hn Quc v Singapore. S DN va v nh u chim t 9095% trong tng s cng ty. S ngi lm trong cc doanh nghip ny chim t 40-90% ngun nhn lc. Hng nm cc doanh nghip ny ng gp t 30-50 tng gi tr sn lng ca mi quc gia. Trong , tng gi tr xut khu ca cc doanh nghip va v nh chim t 35-60%.
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a s cc doanh nghip ca Vit Nam thuc cc lnh vc: cng nghip ch bin nng sn; sn xut nguyn vt liu; cung cp dch v hay lm hng th cng m ngh u c quy m va v nh, do cc c nhn, gia nh, hp tc x qun l hoc trc thuc cc a phng. a s u c trnh qun l kinh doanh ni chung v qun l cht lng ni ring cha cao. Do , nu nc ta khng c chnh sch, hnh thc hng dn h tr cc doanh nghip ny thay i nhanh chng phng php qun l th mt vi nm ti cc doanh nghip ny s gp nhiu kh khn sn xut v kinh doanh, khi nc ta m ca trong quan h kinh doanh vi cc nc trong khu vc v trn th gii. Mun c c kh nng cnh tranh, nng cao nng sut v cht lng, cc doanh nghip ny cn sm thay i khng ch v trang thit b, my mc, u t v vn m cn phi p dng phng php qun l cht lng mi, khoa hc hn ph hp vi iu kin v yu cu i vi mi loi hnh doanh nghip. Cc h thng qun l cht lng theo Tiu chun ISO 9000, Q-Base hoc HACCP... cn c ph bin p dng su rng hn cho cc doanh nghip va v nh. Thc t p dng cc H thng Qun l Cht lng theo Tiu chun Quc t ISO 9000, Q-Base hoc HACCP trong my nm gn y cho hiu qu rt ln. Cc doanh nghip ny bng vic xc nh trch nhim r rng, kim tra cht ch dn n tit kim nguyn vt liu n nh c cht lng, tng nng sut v m rng c th trng. Vic xy dng v p dng h thng qun l trong cc doanh nghip va v nh cn c thc hin tu theo iu kin ca mi doanh nghip v c s h tr ca nh nc v a phng. Vic ny khng i hi cc doanh nghip phi thay i v c cu t chc v u t nhiu ngun lc. p dng h thng cht lng, mi doanh nghip cn xc nh vic tho mn nhu cu ca khch hng chnh l iu kin sng cn ca doanh nghip mnh. y cng l ni dung chnh ca chnh sch cht lng mi doanh nghip cn ra v thc hin. Nu lm ng tm nguyn tc v cc yu cu ca h thng qun l cht lng bng cch xc nh r trch nhim, quyn hn v lm ng theo cc quy trnh qun l cht lng, quy trnh cng ngh v cc quy nh ca nh nc ban hnh th bt k doanh nghip no d ln hay nh u c th ng vng v pht trin tt. Khi hot ng, h thng cht lng Q-base s gip ch doanh nghip rt nhiu trong qun l kinh doanh, qun l cht lng sn phm, dch v v qu trnh sn xut. Chnh h thng cht lng thng xuyn c ci tin cho ph hp s gip cho cc doanh nghip thch ng vi iu kin ngy cng kht khe ca nn kinh t th trng.3.2. Mt s doanh nghip p dng thnh cng h thng qun l cht lng Q-Base
3.2.1. i vi doanh nghip Vit Nam. Vit nam c rt nhiu cng ty th nghim v p dng thnh cng h thng qun l cht lng Q-base. Tuy nhin, h thng qun l Q-Base n ph hp hn cho nhng doanh nghip va v nh. Nhiu doanh nghip sau nhiu nm p dng pht trin th h tm n mt h thng c nhng tiu chun cao hn, c s ng cc t chc trn th gii cng nhn hn nh ISO, TQM iu khng ch Vit Nam m cc doanh nghip cc nc trn th gii u c xu hng nh vy. Vit Nam nhm tm hiu mt m hnh th nghim v p dng thnh cng h thng qun l cht lng QBase mt s cng ty va v nh.Cng ty c phn Hip Thnh c thnh lp trn c s c phn ha x nghip Hip Thnh thuc Cng ty vt liu xy dng Lm ng.Nhm MOF QC03C Trang 17
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Ngnh ngh kinh doanh v sn phm chnh ca cng ty l: Sn xut v kinh doanh cc sn phm Gch, Ngi cc loi do nhu cu xy dng c bn, Kinh doanh cc sn phm vt liu xy dng v trang tr ni tht. L mt doanh nghip mi thnh lp tuy cn rt nhiu kh khn nh tay ngh ca i ng cng nhn cn yu, cng ngh sn xut cha tht s n nh, t l sn phm h hng cn cao, sn phm cha tht s n nh v cht lng v.v...Bn cnh nhng kh khn , cng ty cng c nhng thun li nht nh, c bit l b dy truyn thng v cht lng sn phm c to dng qua qu trnh pht trin ca cc doanh nghip tin thn v thng hiu gch Tuynen HipThnh d c uy tn trn th trng. tip tc duy tr v pht trin sn phm ca cng ty, cng nh to cho sn phm c mt sc cnh tranh tt trong nn kinh t th trng. Ban lnh o cng ty xc nh mt trong cc tiu ch hot ng hng u l: Lin tc nng cao nng sut hot ng, m bo n nh v cht lng ca sn phm v gi chi ph sn xut. lm c vic ny i hi cng ty phi xc nh mt hng i ng n v mang tnh chin lc. Do vy, cng ty c phn Hip thnh tin hnh t chc thc hin ti Nghin cu p dng h thng qun l cht lng QBase vo cng ty do h thng qun l cht lng ny c yu cu ph hp vi tnh hnh ccuar doanh nghip. Qua kt qu t c. 3.2.1.1. Kho st, nh gi hin trng qun l cht lng
V c cu t chc
Cng ty c s t chc bao gm: Gim c, Ph gim c, Phng kinh
t tng hp, Phng hnh chnh t chc, Phng k thut v iu hnh sn xut. Cng ty c vn bn quy nh chc nng, quyn hn, nhim v ban gim c,
cc phng nghip v ca cng ty. Tuy nhin trong quy nh ny cn c cc thiu st sau: cng ty.
Cha quy nh trch nhim v quyn hn ca cc trng ph phng trong
Chc nng nhim v ca cc phng trong cng ty cn cha r rang, cn thiu mi quan h gia cc phng ban, nhim v qun l cht lng cha c th hin r. Nh vy v c cu t chc cn phi c xem xt, t chc li cho ph hp.
Hon chnh li vn bn quy nh chc nng nhim v ca cc phng ban v trch nhim, quyn hn ca cc chc danh chnh trong cng ty. Trnh v nhn thc v hot ng qun l cht lng hin nay v s hiu bit v h thng qun l cht lng QBase: Tng s cn b cng nhn vin trong cng ty l 230 ngi, qua qu trnh kho st cho thy s lng cng nhn trong cng ty kh ng, nhng trnh vn ha thp, khng ng u, cha c s o to y v h thng qun l cht lng nn s hiu bit v hot ng qun l cht lng cn nhiu hn ch, bn cnh ngi cng nhn cha thc s quan tm n cng tc cht lng, v pha cng ty vic tuyn truyn v cng tc cht lng cha ch ng mc, cha lm thng xuyn. Kt qu kho st cho thy s lao ng trc tip cho rng cht lng sn phm c quyt nh bi ngun nguyn liu v khng thc r rng vic tun th k lut lao ng, lm ng theo cc quy trnh th tc, hng dn cng vic c vn bn ha s gp phn hn ch thit hi Nhm MOF QC03C Trang 18
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v n nh cht lng sn phm. Mt khc s hiu bit v h thng qun l cht lng QBase m cng ty hin ang chun b p dng l ht sc m h.
Cng tc qun l cht lng hin c ca cng ty
Nhn chung cng tc qun l cht lng hin c ti cng ty cn nhiu bt cp, cha gp phn vo vic gp phn vo vic khc phc v phng nga cc sn phm khng ph hp xy ra, cha th hin c tnh khch quan trong cng tc qun l cht lng: Vic kim sot cht lng sn phm trn dy chuyn cng ngh sn xut ch da vo mt s cc tiu chun c bn v thng s k thut lm chun kim tra v vn hnh; Cng tc kim tra cht lng v phn loi sn phm ch yu da vo cm quan, vic ly mu i kim tra ti cc phng th nghim cha c thng xuyn. Cng tc nghim thu, nh gi cht lng v phn loi sn phm ch yu bng phng php cm quan v da vo kinh nghim ca ngi thc hin nhim v. Cha c quy nh ly mu lu v kim tra. Cha lu h s khi nghim thu, nh gi v phn loi sn phm. Cha c b phn, cn b chuyn lm cng tc kim tra cht lng v qun l cht lng ca cng ty
H thng cc vn bn v th tc
Hng dn cng vic khng y , mt s hng dn cng vic tuy c nhng cha c y theo quy nh v lc hu. Nhn xt: T kt qu kho st trn y cho thy xy dng v p dng thnh cng h thng cht lng QBase ti cng ty c phn Hip Thnh i hi: Lnh o cng ty phi thc s c quyt tm, to mi iu kin v trc tip ch o vic xy dng v p dng h thng cht lng Qbase
Phi c cam kt v tham gia ca tt c cn b cng nhn vin trong cng ty nht l nhng ngi l cng vic ca h c lien quan v nh hng trc tip n cht lng sn phm hng ha. C cu t chc phi lnh o xem xt v t chc li cho ph hp vi yu cu ca h thng cht lng.Chc nng nhim v ca cc phng, trch nhim v quyn hn ca cc chc danh chnh phi quy nh r rng v c th.
Cng tc o to cn phi thc hin thng xuyn v phi c k hoch c th nng cao tay ngh v nhn thc ca tt c nhn vin trong cng ty. 3.2.1.2. Thc hin xy dng v p dng QBase
Xy dng k hoch trin khai p dng h thng QBase
Cng ty hon thnh c k hoch chi tit vic xy dng v p dng QBase gm cc ni dung: Cam kt ca lnh o, b nhim iu phi vin cht lng v thnh lp nhm qun l cht lng QBase, o to h thng cht lng QBase cho nhm qun l cht lng QBase, iu tra hin trng v c cu t chc, trnh , cng tc qun lNhm MOF QC03C Trang 19
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cht lng hin ti ca cng ty, o to v h thng cht lng QBase cho tt c cc cn b cng nhn vin trong cng ty, xc nh li c cu t chc, m t qu trnh sn xut, nh gi cht lng sn phm, xy dng h thng cht lng s\sn phm theo ng cc yu cu ca QBase, o to cho cng nhn v h thng ti liu xy dng, p dng th, nh gi h thng cht lng, hon chnh h thng cht lng v a vo p dng chnh thc, ng k xin chng nhn, duy tr h thng cht lng sau chng nhn.
Thc hin xy dng v p dng QBase
V cng tc qun l
Cng ty c phn Hip Thnh xc tin thnh lp ban ch o vic xy dng h thng cht lng v thnh lp nhm xy dng h thng QBase ti cng ty gm 13 ngi. B nhim ng Nguyn Phc Bo Quc ph gim c cng ty lm iu phi vin cht lng v c quy nh trch nhim, quyn hn ca iu phi vin cht lng. Sp xp li c cu t chc, tch phng kinh t tng hp thnh 2 phng: phng k ton knih doanh v phng k ton. Xy dng li ton b chc nng nhim v ca 3 phng: Phng k hoch kinh doanh, phng hnh chnh t chc, phng k thut v iu hnh sn xut.
Xy dng li trch nhim v quyn hn ca cc chc danh chnh ca cng ty nh: Gim c, ph gim c, iu phi vin cht lng, cc trng phng. V cng tc o to
Nhn thc ng l yu cu quan trng khi xy dng h thng cht lng nn sau khi n nh v c cu t chc, cng ty ngh Chi cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng h tr o to v h thng cht lng Qbase cho tt c cn b cng nhn trong cng ty. Trc khi thc hin o to a s cc CBCNV ca cng ty C phn Hip Thnh c trnh hc vn thp ( a s trnh t ph thng c s n ph thng trung hc ); hu ht cha c o to qua bt c lp no v cc h thng qun l cht lng ( khong trn 90% ) nn phn no cng nh hng ti nhn thc ca cc hc vin. i tng o to rng, v phc v cho vic xy dng h thng ca cng ty. Qua cng tc o to nng cao nhn thc v hiu bit c bn v h thng qun l cht lng cho a s cc CBCNV ca doanh nghip ( t t l 79, 6% ), ng thi gp phn gip cho doanh nghip thc hin trin khai c vic xy dng h thng qun l cht lng ti n v mnh.
Xy dng h thng ti liu
Su khi c o to, cng ty tin hnh phn cng nhim v cho cc thnh vin trong nhm qun l cht lng Qbase trin khai h thng ti liu bao gm: S tay cht, lng, cc quy trnh th tc, cc hng dn cng vic v cc biu mu v t c mt s kt qu nh sau: Xy dng c cam kt v chnh sch cht lng ca cng ty Xy dng c 14 th tc ca qu trnh sn xut Nhm MOF QC03C Trang 20
n mn hc lng Qbasesn xut.
H thng qun l cht
dng c 15 hng dn cng vic cho cng nhn trong ton b dy chuyn M t li qu trnh sn xut: Qu trnh sn xut gch ngi t st nung ti
cng ty c phn Hip Thnh c th m t nh sau: Nguyn liu khai thc t m c xe vn chuyn v bi t, c ti nc v ngm . Sau c my i, i vo nh cha. ( ty theo m ca t c th c ti b sung ri c my xc a vo sn xut. t nguyn liu c a vo cp liu thng, my cp liu c nhim v cung cp t ch dy chuyn. Nguyn liu theo bng ti s 1 vo my xa lun c nghin, cn lt qua sn theo bng ti s 2 vo my cn mn v c cn nh, sau c nho trn bng my trn 2 trc c lui lc. Than c pha trn vo nguyn liu ti v tr ny, thao tc iu chnh m nguyn liu cng c thc hin ti y. nguyn liu t c ng nht cao, trc khi c to hnh nguyn liu cn c nho trn mt ln na nh my trn mt trc sau mt lng nc v khng kh c ht ra khi nguyn liu ti bung chn khng.Nguyn liu sau khi c chn khng ha c my n p n qua khun to hnh to thnh sn phm theo yu cu. Sn phm sau khi to hnh c sy t nhin vo nh phi. Sn phm mc c phi tng dy, mt phi: 170 vin/ m2. Sau khi sn phm mc kh ( m khong 12-14 % ) c a vo xp gong hoc xp tr d tr. Sn phm mc c xp trn gong thnh khi vng chc, ri c a vo l sy ( m mc