do changing arctic environments need new rules? dr. chanda meek, uaf dept. of political science
DESCRIPTION
WARMING BOUNDARY WATERS Source: NOAA Arctic Report Card 2013TRANSCRIPT
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DO CHANGING ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS NEED NEW
RULES?
Dr. Chanda Meek, UAF Dept. of Political Science
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WARMING BOUNDARY WATERS
Source: NOAA Arctic Report Card 2013
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CHANGE IN TUNDRA GREENNESS
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CARIBOU AND REINDEER HERDS CHANGING
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SURPRISES: 2013 TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY
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SURPRISES: ICE FORECASTING
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FROM GOVERNMENT TO GOVERNANCE
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THE POWER OF RULES• Rules:• shape behavior• define relationships• enhance trust• help shape expectations
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THE DOWNSIDE OF RULES• Can become “sticky”
• Can reinforce unequal power relations
• Can attract and reward organized outside interests
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TYPES OF RULES• Slow rules:• culture• “constitutional” rules — rules
about rules• language• shared norms
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TYPES OF RULES• Fast “operational” rules:
• agreements• “good neighbor policies”• stipulations• permit conditions
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EMERGENCY RULES
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TYPES OF RULES• Mid-speed rules
• link fast “operational” rules to shared values
• define important areas/ideas/values• shape human action in the long
term
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PLANNING AND COMMUNITY VALUES
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WHEN RULES CHANGE• Three theories of why rules are
created and changed:
• change in utility• change in power• change in norms
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GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Fast rules lack
• democratic “vetting”• cannot handle long time frames,
large scales, or complex problems
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GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Slow rules• may take generations• subject to hard politics• difficult to “steer”
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GOVERNING THE FUTURE• Mid-speed rules• do not require redistribution of
power• are ripe for partnerships• can define a “new normal”