do learning styles exist?

8/14/2019 Do Learning Styles Exist?

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Learning Stylesvs.

Hierarchy Learning

Designing Instruction for Workplace

Learning


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First Topic: Learning Style


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Learning Style Overview

1. How are learning styles defined, ingeneral?

2. How does learning in workplace settingsdiffer from learning in educationalsettings?

3. How can organizations and employees benefit from knowledge of employeesworkplace learning styles?


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How are learning stylesdefined, in general?

The debate surrounding the field


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How to Define Learning Styles?

Terms are often used interchangeably Learning = Cognitive Style = Strategy Others disagree For workplace environmentseparate two terms

The debate of stable vs. malleableDefinition

Individual differences in information processing thatshows how people think, solve problems, learn, andrelate to others (Hayes and Allinson, 1996, p.63)

On-the-job learning styles


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Building Background KnowledgeWhat is ATI?

Cronbach and Snow Research methodology Learner guides instructional

design

How does this influenceour discussion today?

Adapt instruction toaccommodate individuallearner characteristics

Better understand learning processes

Choose instructionalactivities

http://www.trainingplace.com
http://www.trainingplace.com/http://www.trainingplace.com/


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How does learning inworkplace settings differ fromlearning in educational

settings?


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Whats the Difference?

What is the difference between the schoolsetting and the workplace setting?

Learning Process Learning Outcome Learning Setting

Research is sorely lackingTraditionally, analyzed learning styles withno accompanying explanation


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Train with Style

How can organizations and employees benefit from knowledge

of employees workplace learning styles?


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Before You Can Train With Style

The Trainer Subject Matter Expert (SME) You have to decide how to teach Lifelong learner Metacognitive tool Social setting preference

Learners People can improve their way of learning

Self-awareness of their own strengths andweaknesses

Choose challenging but realistic goals Overcome lack of confidence


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Train with Style Does the need require instruction?Maximize results Modality effect: 26% 50% Active Learners: 50% 90%

Sequence topics and Give an overviewDetermine learning style of individual through an inventoryIs your choice of instruction biased?Look at constraints of organization: time, resources,facilitiesImprove communication and build strong teamsDevelop a broad variety of learning strategies


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Second Topic:Hierarchy Learning


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Hierarchy Overview

1. How is hierarchy learning defined, ingeneral?

2. What range will learners fall within?3. How can organizations and employees

benefit from knowledge of employees

workplace hierarchy position?


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How is hierarchy learning defined, in general?


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Defining Hierarchy Learning

Less research availableFlexible deliveryAcknowledges learner preferences

Looks at ability levels on a spectrum Are all learners at the same spot? How should instruction be adapted?

NOTE : Progressing from passive to active


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What range will learners fall within?

From Novice to Expert


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Procedural

Declarative

Procedural

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http://unifyingnotion.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/dreyfus_model.jpghttp://unifyingnotion.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/dreyfus_model.jpg


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Moving from Novice to Expert

Assimilate and integrate new skills andmethodsTask selectionScaffoldingDependent Independent

Flexible, durable, transferable, and self-regulated


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How can organizations and employees benefit fromknowledge of employees

workplace hierarchy position?


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Why Does This Matter To YOU?

Reflect on impact on workplace learningSequence fosters transfer

Variety of instructional strategiesAuthentic training experiencesClearly define learning needs and

objectivesMake learning a metacognitive processLearning in workplaces is social


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Using Flexible Delivery

Approach rather than a system or technique Client input Usually uses technology

Changes the role of trainer Organizational needs linked to Individual needsProvides Sustainable learning Minimizes cost Learners acquire control of their own learning


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Examples and Non-ExamplesDimension Less Flexible More Flexible

Access Fixed time and place Fewer restrictions

Course Structure All compulsory Alternative choices

Course Content Teacher decides Learning contracts

Delivery Medium Face-to-face Print

Delivery Mix Use of one (1) medium Resource-based delivery

Teaching and Learning

Methods

Lecture/tutorial Self-directed

Interaction Passive Listening High interaction

Use of the Internet Transmit content Interact and communicate


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General Ways to Modify Training

Decide whether training is the best interventionFocus instructionEffectively address the training objectivesBe sensitive to learner needsFocus on the transfer of skillsVariety of instructional strategiesUse scaffolding, modeling, and coachingEvaluate instruction


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ReferencesBerings, M.G.M, Poell, R.F., & Simons, P.R. (2005). Conceptualizing on-the-job learning styles[Electronic Version]. Human Resource Development Review, 4 (4), 373-400.Berings, M.G.M, Poell, R.F., & Simons, P.R. (2008). Dimensions of on-the-job learning styles[Electronic Version]. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57 (3), 417-440.Biggs, J. (2001). Enhancing learning: A matter of style or approach?. In Sternberg. R.J. & Zhang, L.

(Eds.), Perspectives on thinking, learning, and cognitive styles (73-102). Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Cronbach, L.J. & Snow, R.E. (1981). Aptitudes and instructional methods: A handbook for research

on interactions (2nd ed.). New York: Irvington Publishers, Inc.

Hayes, J. & Allinson, C.W. (1996). The implications of learning styles for training and development:A discussion of the matching hypothesis [Electronic Version]. British Journal of Management, 7 , 63-73.James, W.B. & Maher, P.A. (2007). Understanding and using learning styles. Retrieved fromhttp://www.starlinktraining.org/packets2008/appendix.pdf Jonassen, D.H. & Grabowski, B.L. (1993). Handbook of individual differences, learning and instruction . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.Merrill, M.D.(2002). Instructional strategies and learning styles: Which takes precedence?. Robert

Reiser and Jack Dempsey (Eds.). Trends and issues in instructional design and technology

(99-106). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.Smith, J. (2003). Workplace Learning and Flexible Delivery [Electronic Version]. Review of Educational Research, 73 (1), 53-88.Teaching and Educational Development Institute (2002). [Table illustration of the Dimensions of Flexible Delivery, March 8,2002] Effective Flexible Delivery: Some Empirical Evidence.Retrieved from

http://www.tedi.uq.edu.au/Conferences/teach_conference00/papers/green-lamb-etal.html .
http://www.starlinktraining.org/packets2008/appendix.pdfhttp://www.tedi.uq.edu.au/Conferences/teach_conference00/papers/green-lamb-etal.htmlhttp://www.tedi.uq.edu.au/Conferences/teach_conference00/papers/green-lamb-etal.htmlhttp://www.starlinktraining.org/packets2008/appendix.pdf


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Discussion

What view point do you prefer? Learningstyle or hierarchy?

What impact would this decision have?Is there a role for both?


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THE END

Visit http://mypage.siu.edu/tigger86/ for more information about learning

styles

Any Questions?
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do learning styles exist?

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