DO NOW Please write down the HW. Please write down the HW. Take out your FHAO packet. Take out your FHAO packet. Have out all notes we have taken in topic 2 Have out all notes we have taken in topic 2 Week 2, Germany History Part 1 The Weimar Republic Weimar: 3 Parts Part 1: Weimar BAD Part 1: Weimar BAD Part 2: Weimar Good Part 2: Weimar Good Part 3: Weimar BAD Part 3: Weimar BAD Unemployment in Germany Nazi Party Membership Weimar Part 1: 1919 to 1923 Terrible Times: Inflation and Chaos Terrible Times: Inflation and Chaos 1924 to 1929 is GOOD US loans Germany money and their debts are reduced (mid 1920s things get better) US loans Germany money and their debts are reduced (mid 1920s things get better) Art/Architecture- Bahaus school Art/Architecture- Bahaus school Music- famous composers like Arnold Schonberg Music- famous composers like Arnold Schonberg Fashion- Berlin and important center (lots of clothing manufacturing) Fashion- Berlin and important center (lots of clothing manufacturing) Modern technology, famous scientists in Germany: Albert Einstein, Max Planck Modern technology, famous scientists in Germany: Albert Einstein, Max Planck Jews Considered Themselves WE Think of how people become They Who is they at WMS? In the U.S.? In the world? How and why does this happen? When does it turn bad? Jewish Life in Europe Most Jews lived in Eastern Europe (Poland, Soviet Union, Hungary) and most lived in shetls (Jewish village.). They spoke Yiddish, dressed traditionally, etc. Most Jews lived in Eastern Europe (Poland, Soviet Union, Hungary) and most lived in shetls (Jewish village.). They spoke Yiddish, dressed traditionally, etc. Jews In Western Europe (Germany, France, Britain), were assimilated. Were in all jobs, spoke language of country, etc. They considered themselves German, French, etc. Jews In Western Europe (Germany, France, Britain), were assimilated. Were in all jobs, spoke language of country, etc. They considered themselves German, French, etc. Meanwhile Adolf Hitler: Born in 1889: Braunau, Austria Born in 1889: Braunau, Austria Low middle class family Low middle class family Characterized as lazy; believed he deserved success Characterized as lazy; believed he deserved success 1908: Failed to get into art school 1908: Failed to get into art school 1913: Unemployed 1913: Unemployed 1914: WWI-turning pt. in his life military discipline and success! 1914: WWI-turning pt. in his life military discipline and success! Meanwhile Adolf Hitler: October 1918: blinded by gas attack October 1918: blinded by gas attack WWI: Germanys idealistic crusade WWI: Germanys idealistic crusade 1920: Joined/co-crated NAZI party (National Socialist Working Party) 1920: Joined/co-crated NAZI party (National Socialist Working Party) Hitler became director of propaganda Hitler became director of propaganda Volk and Lebensraum Volk and Lebensraum 1923: Nazi Party reaches 55,000 push for revolution! 1923: Nazi Party reaches 55,000 push for revolution! (15,000 armed party members SA storm troop) (15,000 armed party members SA storm troop) Nov Beer Hall Putsch Paris, 1933 Jewish Quarter, Paris, 1933 Weimar The Great Depression Changes Everything In 1929, the stock market crash in US sends whole world into Depression. Millions lose jobs. Weimar government cuts spending to help those in need because it is out of cash. Weimar government very unpopular, and returns Weimar to the chaos of Unemployment Skyrockets! DO NOW Please write down the HW. Please write down the HW. Take out your FHAO packet. Take out your FHAO packet. Have out/open the notes we were taking yesterday on Weimar Republic. Have out/open the notes we were taking yesterday on Weimar Republic. 1929: The Great Depression Economic Troubles Return Unemployment ,862, ,850, ,217, ,042,000 How Do Germans handle the tension? Underlying tensions: WWI feelings distrust of Democracy Anti-Semitic attitudes Economic crisis Where do Hitler and Nazis come in? Nazi Power in 1920s Nazis %2%19%38%45% Communists1%9%11%13%15%12% Social Democrats 22%27%31%25%21%18% There were dozens of political parties in Weimar that tried to elect represenatives to the Reichstag, the legislative branch. Here are three. The chart shows what % of the Reichstag each party controlled. What do you notice happens over time? What about that Hitler guy? Hitler and his Nazi Party had tried to take over the Weimar government in Hitler and his Nazi Party had tried to take over the Weimar government in The attempt failed. Why? The attempt failed. Why? Hitler was jailed. He was supposed to spend 5 years in jail, but he only served for 1 year. Hitler was jailed. He was supposed to spend 5 years in jail, but he only served for 1 year. While in jail, Hitler wrote a book, Mein Kampf (my struggle). The book had two main themes: 1. Blaming Jews for Germanys problems, and 2. Claiming Germany needed room to expand. While in jail, Hitler wrote a book, Mein Kampf (my struggle). The book had two main themes: 1. Blaming Jews for Germanys problems, and 2. Claiming Germany needed room to expand. Weimar, Part 3: Why did the Nazi Partys popularity increase so dramatically from ? Hitler (the leader of the Nazi Party) claimed to have all of the answers to Germanys problems. The depression had just hit and many people in Germany needed a strong leader to help save their country. Hitler (the leader of the Nazi Party) claimed to have all of the answers to Germanys problems. The depression had just hit and many people in Germany needed a strong leader to help save their country. The Nazis also staged quite a campaign - they put on parades, broadcasted on the radio, put together films, gave speeches, etc. The Nazis also staged quite a campaign - they put on parades, broadcasted on the radio, put together films, gave speeches, etc. Not to mention Hitler was a very powerful speaker. Hitler was a very powerful speaker. Germans, stand together! Up and resist the foe!...So long as this Treaty stands there can be no resurrection of the German peopleThe treaty was made in order to bring 20 million Germans to their deaths and to ruin the German nationHe who will not be a hammer must be an anvil. An anvil we are today, and that anvil will be beaten until out of the anvil we fashion once more a hammer, a German sword! Powerful speaker What did Hitlers party promise the people of Germany? Promised jobs and food. This attracted the vote of the unemployed workers, small farmers,industrialists, and shopkeepers, who were nearly bankrupt and accepted his promise of good earnings. Promised jobs and food. This attracted the vote of the unemployed workers, small farmers,industrialists, and shopkeepers, who were nearly bankrupt and accepted his promise of good earnings. Promised to restore law and order. This attracted urban Germans, who were fed up with the crime and disorder in the cities. Promised to restore law and order. This attracted urban Germans, who were fed up with the crime and disorder in the cities. Promised to destroy the Communists. This attracted the upper and middle class property owners, who feared that the communists would take over Germany and seize all of their private holdings and wealth. Promised to destroy the Communists. This attracted the upper and middle class property owners, who feared that the communists would take over Germany and seize all of their private holdings and wealth. Promised to restore honor and glory to Germany by tearing up the Treaty of Versailles (refusing to pay the war debts, building up the German army). This attracted nearly all Germans who felt that the treaty had destroyed their country. Promised to restore honor and glory to Germany by tearing up the Treaty of Versailles (refusing to pay the war debts, building up the German army). This attracted nearly all Germans who felt that the treaty had destroyed their country. Do Now: Please write down the HW. Please write down the HW. If you were NOT here on Fri, you need to get notes from someone you trust who WAS here. If you were NOT here on Fri, you need to get notes from someone you trust who WAS here. Take out your FHAO packet. Take out your FHAO packet. What did Hitlers party promise the people of Germany? Promised jobs and food. Promised jobs and food. Promised to restore law and order. Promised to restore law and order. Promised to destroy the Communists. Promised to destroy the Communists. Promised to restore honor and glory to Germany by tearing up the Treaty of Versailles (refusing to pay the war debts, building up the German army). Promised to restore honor and glory to Germany by tearing up the Treaty of Versailles (refusing to pay the war debts, building up the German army). What types of people would this appeal to? What types of people would this appeal to? Blame and Pride Blame: Hitler found ways to put the blame for the horrid conditions on someone else, thus giving the German people a scapegoat for their suffering. Blame: Hitler found ways to put the blame for the horrid conditions on someone else, thus giving the German people a scapegoat for their suffering. Traitorous polticians: stabbed germany in back by signing the Treaty of Versailles Traitorous polticians: stabbed germany in back by signing the Treaty of Versailles Jews: who he claimed controlled all the money in the world Jews: who he claimed controlled all the money in the world Pride: Called true Germans a master race that was destined to rule the world. Pride: Called true Germans a master race that was destined to rule the world. Reaction to the images/texts Which image/text was most notable to you? Why? Which image/text was most notable to you? Why? Which image/text do you want to know more about (the most)? Why Which image/text do you want to know more about (the most)? Why Which image/text confused you? Why? Which image/text confused you? Why? But WHY the Jews? If they Jews were only 1% of the population If they Jews were only 1% of the population And most German Jews were assimilated people who considered themselves GERMAN And most German Jews were assimilated people who considered themselves GERMAN Then how did they become THEY? The Other? Then how did they become THEY? The Other? Why did people believe Hitler? Why did people believe Hitler? Lets look at the Nazi Platform There is ONE specific point written into the Nazi Platform that ends up relating to several other points There is ONE specific point written into the Nazi Platform that ends up relating to several other points