doc.: ieee 802.15-03/097r5 submission july, 2003 crl-uwb consortiumslide 1 project: ieee p802.15...

July, 2003

CRL-UWB ConsortiumSlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Submission Title: [CRL-UWB Consortium’s Soft-Spectrum UWB PHY Proposal Update for IEEE 802.15.3a] Date Submitted: [18 July, 2003]Source: [Ryuji Kohno, Honggang Zhang, Hiroyo Ogawa ] Company [ (1) Communications Research Laboratory (CRL), (2) CRL-UWB Consortium ]Connector’s Address [3-4, Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka, 239-0847, Japan]Voice:[+81-468-47-5101], FAX: [+81-468-47-5431],E-Mail:[[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ]Re: [IEEE P802.15 Alternative PHY Call For Proposals, IEEE P802.15-02/327r7]Abstract: [Various modifications of our proposed Soft-Spectrum Adaptation(SSA) are introduced after brief review of SSA. We perform various SSA UWB proposals as cases with proper kernel functions and pulse shaping, so SSA is able to be introduced to implement either single-band or multiband systems. Moreover, various harmonization based on SSA are investigated considering co-existence, interference avoidance, matching with regulatory spectral mask, and high data rate.]

Purpose: [For investigating the characteristics of High Rate Alternative PHY standard in 802.15TG3a, based on Soft-Spectrum Adaptation, pulse waveform shaping and Soft-Spectrum template receiving.]

Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Proposal Update:

CRL-UWB Consortium’s Soft-Spectrum UWB PHY Proposal for

IEEE 802.15.3aRyuji KOHNO

Director, UWB Technology Institute, CRLProfessor, Yokohama National University

Chair, CRL-UWB Consortium

Honggang ZHANG, and Hiroyo OGAWA Communications Research Laboratory(CRL)

& CRL-UWB Consortium

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Major Contributors For This Proposal Update

Ryuji KOHNOShinsuke HARAShigenobu SASAKI Tetsushi IKEGAMI Makoto ITAMI

Kenichi TAKIZAWATetsuya YASUIHonggang ZHANGKamya Y. YAZDANDOOSTYuko RIKUTA

Hiroji AKAHORIYosihito KITAYAMA Yoshiaki KURAISHIToshiaki SAKANEYoichi ISO Masatoshi TAKADA

Yokohama National University Osaka UniversityNiigata University 　Meiji UniversityScience University of Tokyo

Communications Research LaboratoryCommunications Research LaboratoryCommunications Research LaboratoryCommunications Research LaboratoryCommunications Research Laboratory

Oki Electric Industry Co., LtdCASIO Computer Co., Ltd.NEC Engineering, Ltd.Fujitsu LimitedFurukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc.

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Submission

CRL-UWB Consortium CRL-UWB Consortium ●● 　　 Organization

UWB Technology Institute of CRL and associating Manufacturers and Academia.

●● 　　 Aim ■ R&D and regulation of UWB wireless systems.

■ Channel measurement and modeling with experimental

analysis of UWB system test-bed in band (960MHz,

3.1- 10.6GHz, 22-29GHz, and over 60GHz).

■ R&D of low cost module with higher data rate over

100Mbps.

■ Contribution in standardization with ARIB, MMAC, 　　　　　　　　　　　 and MPHPT in Japan.

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Submission

Outline of Presentation1. Summary of pervious Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) proposals of CRL-

UWB Consortium2. What are the recent improvements in the CRL-UWB Consortium’s proposal ? 2.1 Channel coding/decoding for SSA 2.2 Soft-Spectrum Keying in SSA 2.3 SSA system performance 2.4 Pre-equalization scheme in SSA 2.5 Multiple access scheme with RS Time-Frequency hopping sequence 2.6 Coexistence and narrowband interference mitigation 2.7 Link budget estimation 2.8 Receiver synchronization scheme 2.9 Frame architecture for IEEE802.15.3 MAC layer 2.10 Transceiver architecture based on SSA 2.11 Power consumption 2.12 Antenna practicality3. Global Harmonization with other UWB PHY proposals4. Self-Evaluation 　　　　　5. Concluding remarks and Backup materials

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Submission

1. Summary of Previous CRL-UWB Consortium’s Proposal on Soft-Spectrum Adaptation(SSA) UWB

for IEEE802.15.3a WPANs

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation(SSA) 　

m1

0

What is Soft-Spectrum Adaptation UWB ?Basic Philosophy Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA)

Design a proper pulse waveform with high frequency efficiency corresponding to any frequency mask.

Adjust transmitted signal’s spectra in flexible so as to minimize interference with coexisting systems.

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

N

kk tftf

1

)()(

Basic Formulation Example of Pulse Generator

N division

Feasible Solution: Pulse design satisfying Spectrum

Mask

Synthesize a proper pulse waveform

In case of multiband, a kernel function is a sinusoidal function.In case of impulse radio, a kernel functionis a Gaussian, Hermitian pulse function etc.

Divide (spread-and-shrink ) the whole bandwidth into several sub-bands Soft Spectrum (spectrum matching) Pulse synthesized by several pulses that have different spectra Soft Spectrum, M-ary signaling

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Single-band Multi-band

In the future, if the restricting ruggedness of regional spectral mask (e.g. FCC mask) is eased, band allocation can be extended below 3.1 GHz or above 10.6 GHz.

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) can correspond freely

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) with Flexible Band Plan

N divisionP

ower

　S

pect

rum

31 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 f [GHz]

5 GHz W-LAN

Dual- or Triple-band

N+α division

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Submission

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation(SSA) Classification

(1) Free-Verse Type of SSA A kernel function is non-sinusoidal, e.g. Gaussian, Hermitian pulse etc. Single band, Impulse radio

(2) Geometrical Type of SSA A kernel function is sinusoidal with different frequency. Multiband with carriers and Multi-carrier

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(1) Free-verse Type Soft-Spectrum Adaptation Freely design pulse waveforms by synthesizing pulses,

e.g. overlapping and shifting

K-3 Free-verse Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse(Note: band notches clearly happen at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz as

well)

time frequency

2.4GHz 5.2GHz

m1

0

frequencytime

K-4 Free-verse Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse(Note: pulse waveform has more freedom)

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-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Triangular-type envelope Exponential-type envelope

Cosine-type envelope Gaussian-type envelope

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

(2) Geometrical Type Soft-Spectrum Adaptation

Freely design pulse waveforms using various geometrical type envelopes

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(b) Simply eliminate the band if other services exist.

(a) Use of frequency band having low emission limit, but the same pulse energy is available by using wider bandwidth.

Multiband/OFDM:Only (b) is availableSSA:Both (a) and (b) are available

If more potential interferer should be considered, (b) does not work because it simply reduce the signal energy.

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) approach provides more option to overcome future potential coexistence issue.

Global Coexistence with other Potential Interferences

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Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) with flexible pulse waveform and frequency band can perform single and multiband UWB by Free-verse type pulse waveform shaping and Geometrical type pulse waveform shaping, respectively. Interference avoidance for co-existence, harmonization for various proposals, and global implementation can be carried out by SSA. SSA can flexibly adjust UWB signal spectrum so as to match with spectral restriction in transmission power, i.e. spectrum masks in both cases of single and multiple bands. Scalable, adaptive performance improvement Smooth system version-up similar to Software Defined Radio (SDR).

Features of Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA)

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Submission

Harmonization Based on Soft-Spectrum Adaptation

Soft-Spectrum

Adaptation(SSA)

Soft-Spectrum

Adaptation(SSA)

Geometrical

Free-verse

Kernel functionSSA type

Sinusoidal

Hermitian

Gaussian

Adaptive

Multiband with carrier

Multi-carrier TI: OFDMTI: OFDM

Intel, Wisair, etc.Intel, Wisair, etc.

GA, PhilipsGA, Philips

Time-Frequency Hopping

Time-Frequency coding

ST MicroelectronicsST Microelectronics

CRLCRL

Single/Dual-band

Mitsubishi(5th derivation)


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doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

2. Recent Updates in CRL-UWB Consortium’s Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) Proposal

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2.1. Channel Coding and Decoding for SSA:Combined Iterative Demapping/Decoding (CIDD)

• Key IdeaKey Idea– Serially concatenated structure between a channel encoder and

pulse mapper

– Combined iterative demapping/decoding (CIDD) can be achieved between Pulse demapper and Channel decoder

ChannelencoderChannelencoder bit interleaverbit interleaver

M-ary pulse mapper

(MBOK, SK, PPM, …)M-ary pulse mapper

(MBOK, SK, PPM, …)

Serially concatenated structureOuter encoder Inner encoder

ChanneldecoderChanneldecoder

DeinterleaverDeinterleaverM-ary Pulsedemapper

M-ary Pulsedemapper

Pulse correlator

Pulse correlator

InterleaverInterleaver

Outer decoderInner decoder

TurbodecoderTurbo

decoder

Turbo decoding is internal iterative decoding

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doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Combined Iterative Demapping/Decoding (CIDD)

• Results Assumption:

– AWGN channel– 8-ary Bi-phase PPM– Convolutional code, K=3, [7,5]8

– Random interleaver– Interleaver size: 512 bits

CIDD brings larger coding gain !CIDD brings larger coding gain !

1st iteration2nd iteration3rd iteration4th iteration

Eb/N0 [dB]

Bit

Err

or

Ra

te

Turbo decodingK=3, [5,7]8,4th iter.

CIDD

Viterbi decodingK=7, [171, 133]8,

0 1 2 3 4 5 610-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

Demap.Demap. Deint.Deint. TurboDec.

TurboDec.

CorrelatorCorrelator

Demap.Demap. Deint.Deint. Conv.Dec.

Conv.Dec.


* CIDD (convolutional coding)

* Turbo decoding (Turbo coding)

Int.Int.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

100 110101 111

t

000 010001 011

t

Modified Hermitian Pulse (MHP)

a) Free-verse type

2.2. Soft Spectrum Keying: Pulse Shape Modulation (PSM)

July, 2003


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Submission

Free-verse Type SSA Pulse: Modified Hermitian Pulse

Derivative

Tx output Rx input

MHP waveforms with different orders are mutually orthogonal. MHP waveforms may be changed by antenna and channel characteristics,

but still holds orthogonality at the receiver through Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization procedure for transmitted and template waveforms.

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Submission

Transmit 2 bits by using BPSK/QPSK modulation in each Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse (Inner-keying)

Transmit other more bits by defining different Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse shapes and sequences (Outer-keying)

Transmit 2 bits by using BPSK/QPSK modulation in each Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse (Inner-keying)

Transmit other more bits by defining different Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse shapes and sequences (Outer-keying)

t

100 110101 111

t

000 010001 011

Soft Spectrum Keying: Pulse Shape Modulation (Cont.)

b) Geometrical type

July, 2003


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Submission

Supported Bit Rates with Soft-Spectrum Keying

Target

date rateThroughput

Outer

Keying

Inner

KeyingPRI*3

Channel

Bit rate

Coding

Rate*4

55 Mbps*1 62.5 Mbps - BPSK 16 ns 125 Mbps 1/2

110 Mbps 125 Mbps 8-ary PSM BPSK 16 ns 250 Mbps 1/2

200 Mbps 250 Mbps 8-ary PSM BPSK 8 ns 500 Mbps 1/2

480 Mbps500 Mbps 8-ary PSM QPSK 8 ns 625 Mbps 4/5

500 Mbps 16-ary PSM BPSK 8 ns 625 Mbps 4/5

*1: 55 Mbps for preamble and PHY/MAC header parts

*2: Both geometrical type and free-verse type support the same bit rates.

*3: Pulse repetition interval: PRI

*4: Coding: convolutional code (K=3, [5,7]8)

July, 2003


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Submission

DFEDFE DemapperDemapper De-interleaverDe-interleaver DecoderDecoder

InterleaverInterleaver

Channelestimation Channel

estimation


Combined iterative demapping/decoding (CIDD)M correlator outputs

#1#2

#M

RemapperRemapper

・・・

frequency

#1 #2 #M

Geometrical type

・・・

time or shape

#1 #2 #M

Free-verse type

M-ary PSM convolutional

2.3. SSA System Performance

• interleaver: random interleaver• interleaver size: 512bits• decoding algorithm: max-log MAP• # of iterations: 4• Including the losses due to

Channel estimation Multipath degradation

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA System Performance (Cont.)

• 8-band, 1/2 rate-convolutional coding, CIDD, DFE• PER as a function of distance and channel model (90% link success probability)

a) Free-verse type

125 Mbps 250 MbpsDistance [m]

Pa

cke

t E

rro

r R

ate

CM1CM2

CM3

CM4

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2010-2

10-1

100

Distance [m]

Pa

cke

t E

rro

r R

ate

CM1CM2

CM3

CM4

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2010-2

10-1

100

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA System Performance (Cont.)

• 8-band, 1/2 rate-convolutional coding, CIDD, DFE• PER as a function of distance and channel model (90% link success probability)

b) Geometrical type

125 Mbps 250 MbpsDistance [m]

Pa

cke

t E

rro

r R

ate

CM1CM2

CM3

CM4

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2010-2

10-1

100

Distance [m]

Pa

cke

t E

rro

r R

ate

CM1

CM2

CM3

CM4

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2010-2

10-1

100

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

2.4. Pre-equalization for Pulse Shape Calibration

Pulse shape in both time and frequency domain is strongly affected by filter, antenna and channel characteristics.

Xpost=Y C-1 Ar-1 Fr

-1

Xpre=X Ft -1At -1 Ft

At

C Ar Fr

Y

filterfilter antennaantenna

channelchannel antennaantenna filterfilter

pre-equalizerpre-equalizerXpre

Ft At C Ar Fr

YfilterfilterX antennaantenna channelchannel antennaantenna filterfilter

X

post-equalizerpost-equalizerXpost

X

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Multi-band frequency divisions:

440 MHz separation between sub-bands 538 MHz sub-band bandwidth Our proposed system uses Reed-Solomon(RS) sequence as a TFH sequence

: Reed-Solomon Time-Frequency (RSTF) Hopping Sequence

High Band GroupLow Band Group

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 1513

F [GHz]

No. Fc FL FH No. Fc FL FH

0 3.52 3.251 3.789 8 7.04 6.771 7.309

1 3.96 3.691 4.229 9 7.48 7.211 7.749

2 4.4 4.131 4.669 10 7.92 7.651 8.189

3 4.84 4.571 5.109 11 8.36 8.091 8.629

4 5.28 5.011 5.549 12 8.8 8.531 9.069

5 5.72 5.451 5.989 13 9.24 8.971 9.509

6 6.16 5.891 6.429 14 9.68 9.411 9.949

7 6.6 6.331 6.869 15 10.12 9.851 10.389

Low Band Group (GHz) High Band Group (GHz)

2.5. Simultaneous Operating Piconets in SSA(Geometrical Type)

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S1 7 6 5 2 4 1 3

S2 6 7 4 3 5 0 2

S3 5 4 7 0 6 3 1

S4 4 5 6 1 7 2 0

S5 3 2 1 6 0 5 7

S6 2 3 0 7 1 4 6

S7 1 0 3 4 2 7 5

S8 0 1 2 5 3 6 4

Reed-Solomon Time-Frequency (RSTF) Hopping Sequence

SH1 15 14 13 10 12 9 11

SH2 14 15 12 11 13 8 10

SH3 13 12 15 8 14 11 9

SH4 12 13 14 9 15 10 8

SH5 11 10 9 14 8 13 15

SH6 10 11 8 15 9 12 14

SH7 9 8 11 12 10 15 13

SH8 8 9 10 13 11 14 12

The RS Time-Frequency (RSTF) code has one collision property

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Multiple Access Performance of RSTF sequences

• Coding rate=1/2, K=3, Interleaver size=512 bits• 8-ary PSM+BPSK, AWGN

single user (no interference) 1 interfering user 2 interfering users

Bit

Err

or R

ate

Eb/N0 (dB)

D/I=0dB

0 2 4 6 8 1010-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

Bit

Err

or R

ate

Eb/N0 (dB)

1 interfering user D/I=6dB D/I=3dB D/I=0dB D/I=-3dB Single user

(no interference)

0 2 4 6 8 1010-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

BER performance for the number of interfering users, D/I=0dB

BER performance for the different D/I, 1 interfering user

D/I=(Received power ratio for the desired user) / ((Received power ratio for the interfering user)

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Submission

Multiple Access Performance (Cont.)B

it E

rror

Rat

e

Eb/N0 (dB)

2 interfering users D/I=6dB D/I=3dB D/I=0dB Single user

(no interference)

0 2 4 6 8 1010-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

Bit

Err

or R

ate

Eb/N0 (dB)

3 interfering users D/I=6dB D/I=3dB D/I=2dB D/I=0dB Single user

(no interference)

0 2 4 6 8 1010-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

BER performance for the different D/I,2 interfering users

BER performance for the different D/I,3 interfering users

• Coding rate=1/2, K=3, Interleaver size=512 bits• 8-ary PSM+BPSK, AWGN• The same received power for the interfering users

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA Dual Cycle Pulse

IEEE802.11a

Frequency spectrum with band notch

2.4GHz 5.2GHz

SSA Free-verse Pulse

Frequency spectrum with band notch

2.6. Coexistence and Narrowband Interference Mitigation Interference reduction to/from IEEE802.11a/b WLAN by generating

band notch using SSA pulse

Geometrical typeGeometrical typeFree-verse typeFree-verse type

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It is possible to vastly improve the influence of interference to/from existing systems including IEEE 802.11a/b WLAN using the SSA pulse. SSA also realizes flexible interference control under various situations.

1.00E-05

1.00E-04

1.00E-03

1.00E-02

1.00E-01

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Eb/N0B

ER

WithoutInterference

WithInterferenceD/I = 0dB

Dual CyclePulse

BER of DS-SS system while SSA UWB system causing interference

BER of DS-SS system while SSA UWB system causing interference

BER of SSA UWB system while IEEE 802.11a system causing interference

BER of SSA UWB system while IEEE 802.11a system causing interference

Interference reduction to/from existing narrowband systems by generating band notch based on SSA pulse (Cont.)

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2.7. Link Budget Estimation

Parameters Value (>110Mbps) Value (>200Mbps)

Throughput 125 Mbps 250 Mbps

Average TX Power -7.39 dBm -7.39 dBm

Path Loss 64.48 dB

@ 10 m

56.52 dB

@ 4 m

Average RX Power -71.87 dBm -63.91 dBm

Noise Figure 7.0 dB 7.0 dB

Average Noise Power -93.0 dBm -90.0 dBm

Minimum Eb/N0 3.2 dB 3.2 dB

Implementation Loss 3.0 dB 3.0 dB

Link margin 8.0 dB 11.6 dB

RX Sensitivity Level -86.8 dBm -83.8 dBm

a) Free-verse type

Assumption: AWGN, 0dBi TX/RX antenna gain

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Link Budget Estimation (Cont.)

Parameters Value (>110Mbps) Value (>200Mbps)

Throughput 125 Mbps 250 Mbps

Average TX Power -16.41 dBm -16.41 dBm

Total TX Power -7.38 dBm -7.38 dBm

Path Loss 66.52 dB

@ 10 m

57.66 dB

@ 4 m

Average RX Power -73.91 dBm -65.95 dBm

Noise Figure 7.0 dB 7.0 dB

Average Noise Power -93.3 dBm -90.0 dBm

Minimum Eb/N0 3.2 dB 3.2 dB

Implementation Loss 3.0 dB 3.0 dB

Link margin 5.9 dB 10.9 dB

RX Sensitivity Level -87.1 dBm -83.8 dBm

b) Geometrical typeAssumption: 8-band, AWGN, 0dBi TX/RX antenna gain

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2.8. Frame Architecture for IEEE802.15.3 MAC Layer PLCP Frame Format in SSA

CRL’s SSA methods, both Free-verse type and Geometrical type,use the same frame format as the IEEE802.15.3 PHY.

PadBits

PLCP Preamble96 repetitions of the same pattern

PHY Header

MACHeader

TailBitsPayload HCS

TailBits

FCS

12.288 µsec

Packet Detection32 patterns

Coarse Timing SynchronizationFrame Synchronization32 patterns

Fine Timing SynchronizationChannel Estimation32 patterns

3 Sections

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We can design the waveform of the PN pattern in the preamble which is be detectable for both Free-verse type and Geometrical type receivers.

We can use the reserved bit in the PHY header as an indicator to show which waveform type is employed in the payload, Free-verse type or Geometrical type.

Rate Length Scrambler Init.Reserved

0: Free-verse type1: Geometrical type

PHYHeader

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PHY-SAP Throughput

• MPDU_bits is 8160bits (=1020 bytes)

# of frames R_Pay=125Mbps R_Pay=250Mbps R_Pay=500Mbps

1 90.9Mbps 143.2Mbps 201.0Mbps5 98.0Mbps 161.7Mbps 239.5Mbps

# of frames R_Pay=125Mbps R_Pay=250Mbps R_Pay=500Mbps

1 114.3Mbps 210.8Mbps 364.7Mbps5 116.9Mbps 220.0Mbps 393.2Mbps

• MPDU_bits is 32736bits (=4092 bytes)

T_PA_INITIAL = 12.288 μsT_MIFS = 2 μsT_PA_CONT = 6.144 μsT_SIFS = 10 μs

T_PHYHDR + T_MACHDR + T_HCS = 120 bits / 62.5Mbps = 1.92 μsT_MPDU = MPDU_bits / R_PayT_FCS = 32bits (4bytes) / R_Pay

PreamblePHY

HEADERMAC

HEADERHCS MPDU FCS MIFS Preamble

PHY HEADER

MACHEADER

HCS MPDU FCS SIFS

Frame n-1 Transmission Frame n Transmission

: data rate is 62.5 Mbps : data rate is R_Pay (=125, 250 500 Mbps )

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2.9. Frame and Symbol Synchronization Using the Defined Preamble

PN1 -PN32… PN33 -PN64

… PN65 -PN96…

Preamble structure

Soft Decision

Acquisition / Tracking

Correlator Base-band Unit

Frame

Synchronization

Phase

… … … …

Demodulated Symbol

Sequence

Search Window

Sampling

Data

[Acquisition]

[Tracking]

… … …

Search Window

n n

Tracking Phase

Distance Detection

Reference Symbol

Sequence

Frame

Synchronization

Phase

To show the end of eachsection

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Submission

2.10. Realization of Soft-Spectrum Adaptation Transceiver

Freq. Hopping Synthesizer

LNA

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

I

Ｘ

Ｘ

I

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ

+OutputDriver

GCA

GCA

IGCAGCA A/D

A/D QGCAGCA

BaseBand

Processor

I

Q

T/R SW

Free-verseGenerator

LO Sin Demod.

LO Sin DemodulatorGeometrical Rx

Free-verse GeneratorGeometrical Tx

Free-verse Tx Free-verse Rx

July, 2003


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Submission

Time-Frequency Hopping Band-Pass Amplifier

Receiving Interference suppression Synthesizer (spurious) & Mixer performance relaxation Giving Interference suppression

-5 dB ~ -30 dB

In OutLNA

InOutOutputDriver

t0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8

f0f1f2f3f4f5f6f7

Tx, Rx signal 3.1 Frequency [GHz] 10.6

5GHz WLAN

Am

plifi

er S

21 t0~t1

t1~t2 t2~t3 t4~t5

t5~t6 t6~t7

t7~t8

f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 f5 f6 f7

Center frequency of band-pass characteristic (LNA, Output Driver) is changed in short time (<50ps) in accordance with hopping of input frequency.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

2.11. Transmitter Power Consumption in SSA

Geometrical type Total : 215 mW

Waveform Generator

Modulator BPFBase-Band Unit

Soft-Spectrum Processing Bank

RF: 15 mW

Driver 10mW

PLL: 50 mWDigital: 150 mW

Free-verse type

Waveform Generator

Modulator BPFBase-Band Unit

RF: 49mW

Driver 　 16mW　 33mW

PLL: 27 mW Digital: 100 mW

Total: 176mW

Mixer 　 5mW

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Receiver Power Consumption in SSA

Base-bandUnit

Correlator

Template Generator

DemodulatorBPF LNA VGA

Digital: 150 mW

Total: 195 mW

Base-bandUnit

Correlator

Template Generator

DemodulatorBPF LNA VGA

Geometrical type

Free-verse type

10mW 　　　　 10mW 　　　　　（ Mixer 　） 7mW 　　

　 ADC: 35 mW 　

RF: 27 mW 　

Total: 262 mW

Digital: 109 mW

　 16mW 　　　　 16mW 　　　　　　 9mW 　

ADC: 18 mWRF: 41 mW

PLL: 50 mW 　

ADC

ADC

PLL: 27 mW

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Antenna form (Antenna + RF circuit)– smaller size for PC Card, Compact Flash, Memory Stick, SD Memory, etc.

Antenna size 1.0 inch x 1.0 inch

Frequency response

VSWR < 3.0

Impulse response Pulse shaping almost not changed

Radiation characteristics

Omni-direction

Gain : around 2dBi

2.12. Antenna Practicality

Response characteristics are almost flat across frequency range.

Suitable for Soft-Spectrum Adaptation (SSA) applications.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Fig. 1 Antenna gain characteristics proposed by CRL-UWB Consortium

Fig. 2 Antenna VSWR characteristics proposed by CRL-UWB Consortium

Fig. 3 Antenna S11 characteristics proposed by CRL-UWB Consortium

Frequency [GHz]4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Frequency [GHz]3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Frequency [GHz]3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Gain/Axial Ratio (Theta=0.0, Phi=0.0) VSWR

Ma

gn

itude

of

VS

WR

Scattering Matrix

3

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

Gain(P-Input)Gain(P-accepted)

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5M

ag

nitu

de o

f G

ain

/Axi

al R

atio

[dB

i]

0

Ma

gn

itude

of

Sca

tte

ring

Ma

trix

[dB

]

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

3. Harmonization Based on SSA for All Proposed UWB Systems

Global Harmonization is the everlasting aim and basic philosophy of CRL-UWB Consortium.

CRL’s Soft-Spectrum Adaptation has a wide capability to be harmonized with all the proposed UWB systems:– Intel, General Atomics, ST Microelectronics,

Samsung, TI, and so on. Just changing the kernel functions and shapes of

Soft-Spectrum Adaptation pulse waveforms.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Harmonization Based on SSA

Soft-Spectrum

Adaptation(SSA)

Soft-Spectrum

Adaptation(SSA)

Geometrical

Free-verse

Kernel functionSSA type

Sinusoidal

Hermitian

Gaussian

Adaptive

Multiband with carrier

Multi-carrier TI: OFDMTI: OFDM

Intel, Wisair, etc.Intel, Wisair, etc.

GA, PhilipsGA, Philips

Time-Frequency Hopping

Time-Frequency coding

STMicroelectronicsSTMicroelectronics

CRLCRL

Single/Dual-band



July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

3.1. SSA Harmonizationwith Intel’s Multi-Band Proposal

• Modulation: M-ary Bi-orthogonal Keying + QPSK• No. of sub-bands: 7• Pulse shape: 3 nsec pulse with rectified cosine shape

*1: In this figure, the extension factor N = 1

The phase of each pulse is determined byanother transmitted information data.

t

f1 f2 f3 f4 *1f1

f2

f3

f4

t

f5

f6

f7Each waveform can be considered tobe a Pulse Shape in Pulse Shape Modulation(PSM).

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

3.2. SSA Harmonization with STMicroelectronics’ PPM Proposal

• Modulation: 2–PPM + Polarity (for 123 Mbps)• Pulse shape: Full band pulse shape• Channel coding: Turbo coding

• Modulation: 2–PPM + Polarity (for 123 Mbps)• Pulse shape: Full band pulse shape• Channel coding: Turbo coding

* The concept of full band pulse shape of STM is quite close to CRL’s Free-verse SSA philosophy.

Each STM’s waveform can beconsidered to be a Pulse Shape

in SSA’s Pulse Shape Modulation(PSM).

At the receiver, use of correlation between each pulse shape and received waveform gives a

large advantage to the transmission performance.

00 10 01 11

PRI PRI

t

PPM

PSM

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Potential Harmonization between Free-verse SSA and STMicroelectronics

Time DomainTime Domain

2.4GHz 5.2GHz

0 2 4 6 8 10 12-190

-180

-170

-160

-150

-140

-130

-120

-110

-100

3-7GHz 7 sub-bands3-7GHz gap@5GHz 5 sub-bands

Notch Filter(STMicroelectronics)

Notch Filter(STMicroelectronics)

Frequency DomainFrequency Domain

By SSA itselfBy SSA itself

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA

(Free-verse)

ST Microelectronic

s

Harmonization

Pulse Shape

& Frequency Band

Including Mono-pulse &

Adaptive

Mono-pulse

& Adaptive Possible

Modulation

BPSK/QPSK

+ PSM

BPSK

+ 4-PPM

Possible if modified

Time Slot 8 nsec

5.4 nsec

7.45 nsec

8 nsec


STMicroelectronics have proposed “Flexible data rate” where “PRP is easily changed”.

Potential Harmonization between Free-verse SSA and STMicroelectronics (Cont.)

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

3.3. SSA Harmonizationwith General Atomics’s Spectral Keying TM Proposal

• Modulation: Spectral Keying• No. of subbands: 5 (119.6Mbps)• Channel coding: Turbo coding

• Modulation: Spectral Keying• No. of subbands: 5 (119.6Mbps)• Channel coding: Turbo coding

a1a2 a3a4 a5a6 a7a8

Transmitted DataPulse Shape Modulation(outer keying)

Phase Modulation(inner keying)

…

Selection of a Pulse Shape

Selection of a Phase

t

fSK can be viewed as a Frequency-Time coded PSM (Geometrical Type).

t

f1f2f3f4

f1

f2

f3

f4

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA Harmonizationwith General Atomics’s Spectral Keying TM

Eb/N0 [dB]

Bit

Err

or R

ate

SK parameters: M=T=B=4, P=1

K=3 Conv.+CIDD

K=3 Turbo

Coding rate: 1/2

# of iterations: 4AWGN channel

Interleaver size: 512

>1.5dB

0 1 2 3 4 510-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100• Phase Modulation: BPSK• Turbo coding

−K=3, [5,7]8, RSC−Interleaver size: 256bits

ChannelencoderChannelencoder interleaverinterleaver SK

modulatorSK

modulator

SKDemod.

SKDemod. Deint.Deint. Turbo

Dec.TurboDec.


Conv. or turbo

SKDemod.

SKDemod. Deint.Deint. Conv.

Dec.Conv.Dec.


* For turbo coding (GA),

* For convolutional coding (Proposed),

Combined iterative demapping/decoding (CIDD)Combined iterative demapping/decoding (CIDD)

ProposedProposed

t

f

f1

f2

f3

f4

Int.Int.

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Our combined iterative demapping/decoding scheme including Pulse Shape Correlator offers a large advantage in the transmission performance. For example, we confirmed that the performance of Pulse Shape Modulation + Convolutional Code is superior to that of Turbo code.

SSA also have a harmonizing capability with other schemes, such as TI’s Frequency Hopping OFDM scheme and so on, and our iterative decoding scheme is applicable to many proposals in IEEE 802.15.3a.

3.4. Summary of Harmonization Based on SSA

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

4. Self-Evaluation General Solution CriteriaCRITERIA REF.

IMPORTANCELEVEL

PROPOSER RESPONSE

Unit Manufacturing Complexity (UMC)

3.1 B 0

Signal Robustness

Interference And Susceptibility

3.2.2 A +

Coexistence 3.2.3 A +

Technical Feasibility

Manufacturability 3.3.1 A +

Time To Market 3.3.2 A 0

Regulatory Impact 3.3.3 A +

Scalability (i.e. Payload Bit Rate/Data Throughput, Channelization – physical or coded, Complexity, Range, Frequencies of Operation, Bandwidth of Operation, Power Consumption)

3.4 A +

Location Awareness 3.5 C 0

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Self-Evaluation PHY Protocol Criteria (Cont.)

CRITERIA REF.IMPORTANCE

LEVELPROPOSER RESPONSE

Size And Form Factor 5.1 B 0

PHY-SAP Payload Bit Rate & Data Throughput

Payload Bit Rate 5.2.1 A +

Packet Overhead 5.2.2 A +

PHY-SAP Throughput 5.2.3 A +

Simultaneously Operating Piconets

5.3 A +

Signal Acquisition 5.4 A +

System Performance 5.5 A +

Link Budget 5.6 A +

Sensitivity 5.7 A 0

Power Management Modes 5.8 B +

Power Consumption 5.9 A +

Antenna Practicality 5.10 B +

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Self-Evaluation (Cont.) MAC Protocol Enhancement Criteria

CRITERIA REF.IMPORTANCE

LEVELPROPOSER RESPONSE

MAC Enhancements And Modifications

4.1. C +

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

What do we really want to emphasize ?!What do we really want to emphasize ?!

Since R&D of UWB has still been in progress, our standardization procedure should not restrict the progress

by only choosing the easiest current technologies.

Since R&D of UWB has still been in progress, our standardization procedure should not restrict the progress

by only choosing the easiest current technologies.

On the contrary, we should leave more flexibilities and freedoms in signaling, modulation, spectrum matching, etc.,

especially at UWB physical layer.

On the contrary, we should leave more flexibilities and freedoms in signaling, modulation, spectrum matching, etc.,

especially at UWB physical layer.

That’s why we need SSA !That’s why we need SSA !

5. Concluding Remarks

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Backup Materials

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Freq. Hopping Synthesizer

LNA

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

IＸ

Ｘ

I

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ+

OutputDriver

GCA

GCA

IGCAGCA A/D

A/D QGCAGCA BaseBand

Processor

I

Q

T/R SW

• Geometrical Rx

• Multi-band OFDM

RF: 27 mW

PLL: 50 mW

ADC: 35 mW

ＡＦＥ：ＡＦＥ：187187mWmW

ＡＦＥ：ＡＦＥ： 112112mWmW

Power consumption (Receiver)Power consumption (Receiver)

Pre-SelectFilter

LNA

sin (2fct)

cos(2fct)

Syn

chro

niza

tion

Rem

ove

CP

FF

T

FE

QR

emo

ve P

ilots

Vite

rbi

Dec

oder

De-

scra

mbl

er

AGCCarrierPhaseand

TimeTracking

De-

Inte

rleav

er

I

Q

LPF

LPF

VGA

VGA

ADC

ADC

OutputData

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Freq. Hopping

Synthesizer

LNA

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

IＸ

Ｘ

I

Q

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ

Ｘ+

OutputDriver

GCA

GCA

IGCAGCA A/D

A/D QGCAGCABaseBand

Processor

I

Q

T/R

SW

• Geometrical Tx

• Multi-band OFDM

RF: 15 mW

PLL: 50 mW

ＡＦＥ：ＡＦＥ： 160160mWmW

ＡＦＥ：ＡＦＥ：6565mWmW

Power consumption (Transmitter)Power consumption (Transmitter)

DACScramblerConvolutional

EncoderPuncturer

BitInterleaver

ConstellationMapping

IFFTInsert Pilots

Add CP & GI

Time Frequency Code

cos(2fct)

InputData

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Comparison and Harmonization between SSA (Geometrical Type) and Samsung Proposal

SSA (Geometrical) Samsung Harmoniza-tion

Pulse shape

Basic wave

Window

4ns width

Sine-wave

Window

2.5ns width

Possible

Freq. band

Adaptive, not specified

700 MHz, if necessary

700 MHz

10 Band

Possible

Modula-tion

BPSK,QPSK + PSM

D(B)PSK + PPM(2,4)


July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Another Example of Multi-band Plan in SSA

Optional Band GroupMandatory Band Group

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

f

No. Fc FL FH No. Fc FL FH1 3.45 3.1 3.8 4 5.56 5.21 5.912 4.12 3.77 4.47 5 6.23 5.88 6.583 4.79 4.44 5.14 6 6.9 6.55 7.25

7 7.57 7.22 7.928 8.24 7.89 8.599 8.91 8.56 9.2610 9.58 9.23 9.9311 10.25 9.9 10.6

Mandatory Band Group Optional Band Group

11

Multi-band frequency divisions:– 670 MHz separation between sub-bands– 700 MHz sub-band bandwidth

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA (Geometrical)

Samsung Harmoniza-tion

Time slot and

Guard-interval

8ns

2nd half of time slot can be used as Guard-interval

In 2PPM,

2.5ns×2

Symbol period is 71.4ns


Considered on the basis of Samsung’s Proposal: IEEE802.15-03/135r1

Comparison and Harmonization between SSA (Geometrical Type) and Samsung Proposal (Cont.)

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Support modulation with each other because of the modulation similarity: BPSK and DPSK.

Make both methods compatible because pulse shape of PSM can be adapted to PPM pulse shape.

Harmonization in Modulation between SSA (Geometrical Type) and Samsung Proposal (Cont.)

Signal can be processed with two kinds of pulse shapes of SSA

t

t

00

11

t

t

01

10

5ns

5ns

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

SSA Transmitter Samsung receiver

SSA signal as Multipath components.

Samsung Transmitter SSA receiverInterval with no signal.

9 time slots (8ns*9=72ns) are nearly equal to 71.4ns.

Harmonization in Time Slot between SSA (Geometrical Type) and Samsung Proposal (Cont.)

t

4ns

t

00

5ns

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

Proposed specific SSA pulse (Modified Hermite Pulse) with Gram-Schimidt orthogonalization

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

July, 2003


doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/097r5

Submission

BER performance of the proposed SSA pulse(Modified Hermite Pulse) with Gram-Schimidt

orthogonalization

doc.: ieee 802.15-03/097r5 submission july, 2003 crl-uwb consortiumslide 1 project: ieee p802.15...

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