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Tourism in Switzerland

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CONTENTAbsteact / Key words ..41.Introduction.52.Destinations6 2.1.Zurich6 2.2.Laussane.7 2.3.Geneve.8 2.4.Bern..9 2.5.Lugano103.Transport11 3.1.By air ..11 3.2.By train.11 3.3.By car114.Food and wine..11 4.1.Switzerland cheese marketing11 4.2.Appenzell beer125.Adventure and sports winter..12 5.1.The Lauberhorn rum.12 5.2.Airboard.12 5.3.Corviglia snowpark.13 5.4.Rider park pizal..13 5.5. Avalanche training center..136.Summer excursions14 6.1.Paul Klee center..14 6.2.Rietberg museum..14 6.3.Tete de moine AOP cheese dairies157.Ecotourism 15 7.1.Experiences.15 7.1.1.The ricola herb gardens.15 7.1.2.Trient ravine impressive water landscape.16 7.2.Swiss parks16 7.2.1.Swiss national park..16

7.2.2.Regional nature park Schaffausen17

8.Conclusion..18

9.References.19

ABSTRACTTourismis travel for recreation, leisure, religious, family or business purposes, usually for a limited duration. Tourism is commonly associated with international travel, but may also refer to travel to another place within the same country. The World Tourism Organization definestouristsas people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".

Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. Tourism can be domestic or international, and international tourism has both incoming and outgoing implications on a country'sbalance of payments. Today, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, and affects the economy of both the source and host countries, in some cases being vital importance.Tourists are drawn to Switzerland's Alpine climate and landscapes, in particular for skiing and mountaineering.KEY WORDS Destinations, Transport, Food and wine, Regional Nature Park .1.INTRODUCTION

Switzerland is a small country located in the heart of Western Europe, and sharing borders with neighbouring Germany, Austria, the Principality of Liechtenstein, Italy and France. There are now approximately 8 million people living in Switzerland, speaking four official languages: German, French, Italian and Romansh.Switzerland has long been one of the world's great tourist destinations. It boasts an extraordinary abundance of natural beauties and interesting attractions. The 4000 mt-high peaks of the Alps began attracting the first modern tourists during the 19thCentury. Since then, Switzerland has developed into a treasured destination for travellers of every nationality, age and condition, who find here modern tourist facilities, sightseeing for every taste, and a welcoming hospitality.

Switzerland's tourist attractions are as diverse as its cultural identity. The country is known as a summer and winter sports paradise ( Zermatt, St Moritz, Interlaken, Gstaad, the Jungfrau, Verbier are but a few of the many suggestive names). It hosts cosmopolitan cities like Geneva, Zurich, Basel, as well as several enchanting towns (Lucerne, Neuchtel, Lugano, etc.).

"Whether visiting the remotestTicinovillages or sampling the finest ofValaiswines, you'll find Switzerland a chocolate box bursting with unexpected flavors." (from the Lonelyplanet guide)2. DESTINATIONS 2.1. Zurich

The city of Zurich lies in the heart of Europe and at the center of Switzerland, on the northern shores of Lake Zurich. Its multicultural flair and the variety of leisure activities on offer attract guests from all over the world to this region of short routes. Zurich is quick and easy to reach, whether by train, plane or private vehicle. Its international airport has direct connections with over 150 destinations. Just a 10-minute train ride from the airport and situated right in the city center, Zurichs Main Railway Station is regarded as a central European railroad hub. A total of 370,000 people live in this experience, science and business center. Thanks to its top-quality infrastructure set amidst natural surroundings, it is a popular place for study and research. For example, at Zurich University or the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH); built in 1855 by Gottfried Semper, the ETH Zrich is today associated with 21 Nobel prizewinners.

Some 150 years ago, part of the citys fortifications was transformed into what is now arguably the most famous Station Road in the world, the Bahnhofstrasse. Zurichs shopping mile has contributed largely to the city's reputation as an El Dorado for shoppers and is a top address for international fashion labels, jewelry and watches. However, it is just one of the places where you can find urban Zurich labels; whether in Zurich-West or in the Aussersihl quarter, you often come across local brands where you least expect them. They inspire the fashion-conscious and cause a sensation far beyond Switzerland's borders as has, for example, the cult label Freitag, with its unique style of bags and accessories.

Zurich boasts the highest density of clubs in Switzerland here, you can never turn up too late. From a house music party in the legendary Kaufleuten to Greatest Hits from the Eighties at the oldest club in the city, the Mascotte, to a gay event at the Labor Bar parties really get going after 11.00 pm and continue into the wee hours of the morning.

Here, there are no official closing times. In summer, nightlife can be found not only in the clubs, but also outside in the open air; the venues where visitors bathe and relax during the day are ideal places to flirt and dance at night.

Also for lovers of art Zurich has a lot to offer. The city alone is home to over 50 museums, some 14 of which are devoted to art. The museum of fine arts, the Kunsthaus Zrich, boasts a significant collection of paintings, sculptures, photographs and videos. In addition, it has an extensive collection of works by Alberto Giacometti. Another highlight is the Rietberg Museum, one of the leading centers of non-European art in the world. Just a stone's throw from Zurich's main station, the Swiss National Museum housed in an over 100 year old building reminiscent of a fairytale castle contains the country's most comprehensive collection of exhibits relating to Swiss cultural history. 2.2.LaussaneThe setting of Lausanne is extremely picturesque: it is hardly surprising that the International Olympic Committee has been based here since 1914. The town is built on three hills, surrounded by vineyard-covered slopes, with Lake Geneva at its feet. Rising impressively from the opposing French lakeshore are the Savoy Alps. The old town is dominated by the cathedral, which is regarded as Switzerlands most impressive piece of early Gothic architecture. Lausanne was a diocesan town for over a thousand years. Shopping streets can be found surrounding the cathedral as well as in the pretty waterfront area of Ouchy. Switzerlands only metro connects the various parts of the town and eases travel in this incline-based town.Also worthy of a visit are the parks, containing many Mediterranean plant species, and grand palace hotels like the Beau-Rivage Palace in Ouchy and the Hotel de l'Angleterre, were Lord Byron once stayed. Gourmets will be able to savour many regional specialities in Lausanne such as cabbage-filled sausage with leek gratin called "Papet Vaudois". Mind you, master chef Fredy Girardet who was voted Cuisinier du sicle or chef of the century by his colleagues has in the meantime retired and handed over his sceptre in the Htel de Ville to his head chef, Philippe Rochat. 2.3.Geneve

The symbol of the worlds smallest metropolis is the Jet deau a fountain with a 140-metre-high water jet at the periphery of Lake Geneva. Most of the large hotels and many restaurants are situated on the right-hand shore of the lake. The old town, the heart of Geneva with the shopping and business quarter, holds sway over the left-hand shore. It is dominated by St. Peters Cathedral, however the actual centre of the old town is the Place du Bourg-de-Four, which is the oldest square in the city. Quays, lakeside promenades, countless parks, lively side streets in the old town and elegant shops invite guests to stroll. One of the best-maintained streets is the Grand-Rue, where Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born. Geneva is Switzerlands most international city, as it is where the European seat of the UNO is based. 2.4.BernThe medieval air of this city with its many fountains, sandstone facades, narrow streets and historic towers is unique. The elevated Rose Garden above the Bear Park and the platform of the 101-metre-high cathedral tower offer the best views of the old town round which the River Aare flows. The former entrenchments and bastions drop down steeply to the river. The boutiques, bars and cabaret stages of the old town, some of which are located in vaulted cellars, and the small street cafes attract locals as well as a lot of tourists. Although Bern has a very good public transport network it is best to explore the city centre on foot.

The Zentrum Paul Klee situated on the outskirts of the city houses the most comprehensive collection of works by the artist Paul Klee. The Albert Einstein House bears testimony to the physics genius' stay in Bern at the start of the 20th century and may ideally be combined with a visit to the Einstein Museum. With the History Museum, Art Museum, Swiss Alpine Museum and Communication Museum Bern offers a very varied range of exhibitions.Bern is the seat of Switzerland's government. The Houses of Parliament (Bundeshaus) rise above the city just a stone's throw away from the railway station. 2.5.Lugano

Lugano, the largest town in the holiday region of Ticino, is not only Switzerland's third most important financial centre and a conference, banking and business centre, but also a town of parks and flowers, villas and sacred buildings. With Mediterranean flair, Lugano offers all the advantages of a world-class city, combined with the cachet of a small town.

Lugano lies in a bay on the northern side of Lake Lugano, surrounded by numerous mountains offering splendid viewpoints. The traffic-free historic town centre, the numerous buildings in Italianate Lombardy style, the exclusive museums, the mountains, lake and a packed calendar of events all invite visitors to see the sights, soak up the atmosphere and enjoy "dolce far niente". Thanks to its mild climate, Lugano is a popular tourist destination in the spring when the camellias are in bloom.The town centre with its Mediterranean-style squares and arcades, and numerous parks with sub-tropical plants such as the Parco Civico on the shores of the lake invite you to laze around, enjoying the atmosphere. By the lakeside promenade are the Belvedere Gardens, where the parkland boasts not only camellias and magnolias but also countless sub-tropical plants and modern works of art.Art connoisseurs are attracted to this city of art and architecture by the high standard of the exhibitions it hosts. In the Museo Cantonale d'Arte are paintings by Klee, Jawlensky, Renoir and Degas, among others. In the last 50 years, the Ticino region, and Lugano in particular, have developed into an important region for architecture. The most well-known representatives of the "Ticino School" are Luigi Snozzi and Mario Botta.3.TRANSPORT 3.1. By air

Swiss International Air Lines is the national carrier of Switrezland serving more than 80 worldwide destinations from its home hub in Zurich, and from Basel and Geneva international airports.

3.2. By train

Switzerland is located in the heart of Europe and linked to the continents high- speed rail network. Travellers by train will find a range of excellent rail connections. 3.3. By carFor travellers arriving by road, Switzerland is linked to Europes extensive motorway network.

4.FOOD AND WINE 4.1. Switzerland cheese marketing

Fresh Swiss milk from contented cows grazing on lush meadows: the starting ingredient is the same in every region of Switzerland. But what emerges from it in the dairies could not be richer in variety. Theres the world- famous Emmentaler AOP; spicy Appenzeller; smooth, soft Vacherin Mont dOr AOP; tangy cheeses such as Sbrinz AOP; aromatic ones like Le Gruyre AOP; Tte de Moine AOP, which can be shaved into ornate rosettes; plus around another 450 unmistakeably original Swiss cheeses. Needless to say, a country with such a variety of cheeses offers a great range of cheese-based culinary creations from the cheese bombs known as Malakoffs to toasted cheese slices and cheesecakes, and from raclette to the famous fondue.

4.2. Appenzell Beer

Brauerei Locher AG was purchased by the Locher family in 1886 and is the last remaining brewery in the Appenzell. This independent family-owned company has been brewing beer for its clientele for five generations now. Its speciality beers have achieved wide acclaim as have the companys traditional beers. The beers are made by hand and according to traditional methods with special attention being paid to the quality of the raw materials. Appenzell beer is available throughout Switzerland with the Qullfrisch and Vollmond brands being particularly popular.5.ADVENTURE AND SPORTS WINTER

5.1.The Lauberhorn Run

The Lauberhorn Run, held in Wengen each year in mid-January, is one of the highlights of the Skiing World Cup. It is particularly noted for the legendary bottleneck at Hundschopf. Other well-known notorious passages include the Minschkante, the Canadian Corner and the Ziel-S. While the pros on the Lauberhorn piste achieve record speeds (up to 160 km/h Haneggschuss), those who are here for the fun of it should also enjoy the view the Eiger, Mnch and Jungfrau form a most harmonious setting. 5.2.Airboard

The biggest advantage in this sport is the short learning phase (30 minutes), which brings entirely new skiers to the slopes! Airboarding is very dynamic and thrills old and young alike. The equipment required, an Airboard, appropriate winter clothing, helmets, gloves, knee protection and sturdy shoes, can be rented at budget prices at the 27 official Swiss Airboard Stations (mountain railway stations), and in many sporting goods stores as well as at event venues. Adventure travel organizers also offer fantastic snowshow-airboard tours for groups. A super snow fun experience is guaranteed! 5.3.Corviglia Snowpark

Especially class and a lot of variety. For the park is not only well groomed, it also rocks because it offers many different features: even the line for the first three consecutive kickers fits perfectly. In addition, the park has numerous rails and boxes, a corner and hits in all sizes. All this makes freestylers jump for joy! 5.4.Rider Park Pizol

In the Winter Season you can celebrate the re-launch of a popular Snow Park operated with blood, sweat and tears.As it has been taken over by Qparks, Europes largest snow park operator, the Rider Park in Pizol will shine in new glory and thrill the freestyle community with innovative design and sustained high quality.

5.5.Avalanche Training Center

This is a offer, free of charge and accessible to everyone with no particular preparation needed. The training area (almost 100m x 100m) in medium steep terrain resembles closely to the natural cone of an avalanche. In this zone, there are 16 GPS transmitters with strong batteries lasting all winter hidden more or less deeply in the snow. These transmitters may be activated over radio frequencies from a local steering center. As with a real avalanche, the training rescuers do not know the position of the transmitters. To make things even more real, it is technically possible to activate only one or several transmitters, thus applying the principle of random dispersion.6.SUMMER EXCURSIONS 6.1.Paul Klee Center

With about 4,000 paintings (40% of his oeuvre) by the famous painter Paul Klee, the Zentrum Paul Klee houses the largest collection of its kind. The unusual building has a wave-like structure and was designed by the Italian architect Renzo Piano. Apart from art exhibitions, the Zentrum Paul Klee also offers a platform for music, theatre, dance and literature. The museum building was built by Italian architect Renzo Piano, a winner of several awards. He created a green island from which three hills of steel and glass arise. These contain exhibition space, a music and event hall, a children's museum as well as meeting and seminar rooms.Klee's works are shown in a regularly changing, rotating selection of 120 to 150 works, always with changing themes.The Kindermuseum Creaviva is home to living creativity. Through expression of ones own ideas, the techniques and themes of the great art masters emerge in a learning by doing and experiencing process. 6.2.Rietberg Museum

With its presentation of works of art, the museum seeks to not only consciously highlight the fascinating variety of artistic forms of expression, but also to arouse an interest and understanding of foreign cultures, beliefs and religions. The architecturally spectacular "Emerald", as the new museum is called, consists of a glass pavilion and fits perfectly into the existing ensemble of villas in the beautiful Rieterpark. 6.3.Tete de Moine AOP cheese dairies

Explore the over 800-year history of the Tte de Moine AOP as you discover a whole new world here at the Tte de Moine AOP cheese dairies. Our interactive exhibits will awaken your senses to the mysteries of this unique speciality and give you an insight into our production and tradition. The smelling samples will remind you of the typical fragrances of our mountains and youll learn about the secrets of the Tte de Moine through picture and sound. A magic Girolle and a drawing workshop provide for some extra variety. At the Tte de Moine museum in Bellelay and at the abbey youll learn more about our over 800 years of fascinating history. Of particular interest to our visitors is the actual production of our cheeses (historical and on request in Bellelay) and, of course, the cheese tasting itself.7.ECOTOURISMSwitzerland has a wealth of local nature and culture experiences. Ecotourism shows a selected range of experiences at a glance and provides ideas for sustainable holidays. 7.1.Experiences

7.1.1.The Ricola Herb GardensEach of these show gardens is a mini oasis waiting to be discovered by hikers and nature lovers. Surrounded by breathtaking mountain scenery, visitors may touch the herbs and enjoy their fragrance while learning more about these fascinating plants concealed within each Ricola speciality. With their fragrant scents and beautiful flowers, the Ricola herb gardens offer a unique natural experience from May to September. And whats more, at each garden you have the chance to win Ricola gift packs full of surprises. Just fill out an entry form and put it in the place provided.

7.1.2.Trient Ravine Impressive water landscape

The Valaisian river of Trient has its source at the eponymous glacier above the town of Trient, near the French border. The Trient forms a narrow, deep and very striking ravine at Vernayaz near Martigny. A 187 meter high bridge spans the gorge.The front of the ravine can be crossed by means of a bridge, where visitors can obtain information about the ravine's geology and the special habitat it offers for flora and fauna. The 114 meter high waterfall "Cascade de Pissevache" is nearby. It is used for hydropower and can be very large and impressive, depending on the amount of power it is being tapped for. 7.2.Swiss Parks 7.2.1.Swiss national park

The Swiss National Park, founded in 1914, is the oldest in the Alps. Thanks to the strict conservation of nature - one is not allowed to leave the hiking paths - ibexes, chamois, marmots, northern hares, lizards and innumerable birds can be observed in the wild.The visitors' center in Zernez houses permanent exhibitions about the National Park, changing exhibitions about natural history and a platform for nature conservancy organizations. Excursions for children and families lead far into the park and encourage the playful exploration and discovery of the environment even for small children. Nature-related offerings promote awareness and understanding of nature for teenagers.1 August 2014 is the 100th anniversary of the foundation of the Swiss National Park (SNP). On that date, a handful of pioneers and visionaries established the first national park in the Alps setting a remarkable example for the protection of nature. The anniversary offers an opportunity to look back and to look ahead: How has the national park experiment worked out over the past 100 years? What are our goals for the next 100 years? 7.2.2.Regional nature park Schaffhausen

The varied topography dotted with valleys, south faces, the Randen plateau and the landscape along the Rhine, has created an extraordinary variety of living space that can be explored on foot, by bicycle or boat. Interspersed in the landscape are numerous unique villages and towns with half-timbered houses that are typical of the region. The Nature Park is defined not only by the beautiful natural scenery, but also by a multifaceted cultural life in ten communities (about 14,000 inhabitants). The park has an area of 161 square kilometers. Unique in Switzerland is the fact that the park perimeter goes beyond the country's borders. Two communities are located on Germanys sovereign territory.Innovative projects in the areas of commerce, agriculture and tourism contribute to the vision that further development of the regional economy does not happen at the expense of future generations, but that the natural environment is recognized and respected as the basis of economic activity.8.CONCLUSION From European countries, Switzerland is one of the richest countries in the world. Occurred in 1291 with the unification of the first three cantons, and the first government was established in 1848. Typically Alpine continental country. In economic Atlas of the World Bank noted that Ethiopia and on for decades is the poorest country in the world, and thus mortality is highest, and for comparison in Japan is the lowest mortality. The highest average rate of age in the world is 79 years and is registered in Hong Kong, Russia (in some parts of the Caucasus) and Switzerland, while the lowest average rate at the age of 39 years in Guinea Bissau. In Switzerland a good and rich live. Rich in rivers and lakes, glaciers and high Alps. The streets there every day for a festival or celebration, or tasting spicy cheese - grojer, cheese, chocolate, wine, street games, parties, fighting cows etc. However people each in his craft very accurate work as a Swiss watch. Switzerland is the most competitive country in the field of travel and tourism due to the high quality of hotel accommodation, trained workers and rich natural resources, show report by the World Economic Forum WEF. In the WEF report which ranks 140 countries according to the level of global competitiveness in tourism, said that Switzerland retains its leading position.

Europe remained the most competitive region in the world, apart from Germany, Austria, Spain and Britain, who are just behind Switzerland. Switzerland is a country of high standard of living, and thus wages are high. Working conditions are great for work and contractual obligations are met on both sides.9.REFERENCES www.studyinginswitzerland.ch www.myswitzerland.com www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism_in_Switzerland ~ 18 ~