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Chapter 10

Descriptive Text Describe it,

pleaseLearning Objectives:

1. The students are able to understand the meanings of spoken descriptive monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.

2. The students are able to express the meanings of spoken descriptive monologs accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted in daily life.

3. The students are able to read the meanings of written descriptive texts accurately, fluently, and contextually accepted.

4. The students are able to write descriptive texts accurately, fluently, contextually accepted in the forms of formal and informal forms of writing.

SECTION ONE: Building Knowledge of the Field

Activity 1: Exploring Ideas

Answer the following questions.

1. Have you gone to Jakarta?2. Can you describe this city?3. Where is it located?4. How big is it?

English for the Tenth Grade of SMA/KTSP-2007 125

5. What’s the weather?6. What is the famous thing in Jakarta?

Activity 2: Describing the cities

Fill in the table about the characteristics of the cities or places you have visited. Look at an example.

Names of City/PlaceCharacteristics

Temperature Weather Population Total Area

Jakarta 290 - 300C Hot Season 11.563.254 661 sq km

Activity 3: Describing the people

Write your friend’s name and his/her characteristics in the table.

Name CharacteristicsAge Height Weight Hair

Andy 18 168 cm 65 kg black

Activity 4: Studying the plan of descriptive text Study the schematic structure and linguistic features of descriptive text.

Linguistic Features: Specific participants Linking verbs Simple present Adjective Noun phrase

Schematic Structure:

Identification (Write the name of your city with a brief description)


Description (Describe parts, qualities, and characteristics of your city)

SECTION TWO: Modeling of the Text

Activity 5: Studying the schematic structure and linguistic features

Study the schematic structure and linguistic features of

The descriptive text.

Borobudur is a great Buddhist temple.

The temple is located in Magelang on the island of Java in Indonesia. Built in the 9th century under the Sailendra dynasty of Java, it was abandoned in the 11th century and partially excavated by archaeologists in the early 20th century.

Influenced by the Gupta architecture of India, the temple is constructed on a hill 46 m (150 ft) high and consists of eight steps like stone terraces, one on top of the other. The first five terraces are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Buddhist sculpture in bas-relief; the upper three are circular, each with a circle of bell-shaped stupas (Buddhist shrines). The entire edifice is crowned by a large stupa at the center of the top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km (some 3 mi) of passages and stairways. The design of Borobudur, a temple-mountain symbolizing the structure of the universe, influenced temples built at Angkor, Cambodia. Borobudur was rededicated as an Indonesian national monument in 1983 following


Identi-fication

Descrip-tion

Specific Participant

Simple Present Tense

Noun phrase

Linking Verb

Adjective

Noun phrase

extensive reclamation, aided by the United Nations.

(Microsoft ® Encarta ® Reference Library 2005)Activity 6: Analyzing the schematic structure of the descriptive text

Analyze the schematic structure and of descriptive text. Then answer the questions below.

Spring Garden Apartment

The Spring Garden Apartment Complex

offers you and your family country living at its

best.

Surrounded by beautiful woods and hills,

Spring Garden is located ten miles outside

the city but is only minutes from downtown on

the freeway.

Unfurnished two-bedroom apartments

are available. Each apartment has a

dishwasher, central heating, air conditioning,

and a laundry room. Children and pets are

welcome.

In addition, there are tennis and

basketball courts, two swimming pools, and a

playground. There are two parking spaces for

each apartment. (Source: Interchange 3: English for International Communication, 1995)

1. What does the writer want with this text?


…………………….

…………………….…………………….

2. What does the text describe?3. Where can you possibly find this kind of text? 4. Mention some adjectives are in the text.5. Mention other noun phrases in the text.

Activity 7: Analyzing the linguistic features of the descriptive text

Analyze the linguistic features of the descriptive text below.

University of Oxford is the oldest institution of higher learning in the English-speaking world. The university is located in Oxford, England.

There are 39 colleges within the university, each with its own internal structure and activities. The university's formal head is the chancellor, usually a distinguished politician, elected for life by the members of Convocation, a body comprising all members of the university who hold an M.A. degree. The vice-chancellor, who holds office for four years, is the head of the university's executive. In addition to Convocation, the other bodies that conduct university business are the Ancient House of Congregation, which confers degrees; the Hebdomadal Council, which formulates university policy; and the Congregation of the University, which discusses and pronounces on policies proposed by the Hebdomadal Council.

The university itself conducts examinations and confers degrees. The passing of two examinations is a prerequisite for a first degree. The first, called honor moderations or a preliminary examination, is usually held after the first or second year. The second, the honor school, is held at the end of the undergraduate course. Successful candidates receive first-, second-, or third-class honors based on their performance in these examinations. Research degrees at the master's and doctoral level are conferred in all subjects studied at graduate level at the university.


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(Source: Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2003. © 1993-2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.)

SECTION THREE: Joint Construction of the Text

Activity 8: Analyzing the schematic structure of the descriptive text

Analyze the schematic structure of the following text. Use the text plan provided below.

Hokkaidō is Japan’s large northern island. Most of the island is mountainous and heavily forested. Hokkaidō has a number of volcanoes, including Asahi Dake, which stands 2,290 m (7,513 ft) high in the Ishikari Mountains and is the island’s highest peak. Hokkaidō also holds one of Japan’s largest alluvial plains, the Ishikari Plain. The island’s fertile soils support agriculture and provide the vast majority of Japan’s pasturelands. In addition, Hokkaidō contains coal deposits, and the cold currents off its shores supply cold-water fish.

Winters are long and harsh, so most of Hokkaidō is lightly settled, housing about 5 percent of Japan’s population on approximately 20 percent of its land area. However, its snowy winters and unspoiled natural beauty attract many skiers and tourists. Hokkaidō is thought of as Japan’s northern frontier because Japanese people settled it only after the middle of the 19th century. Most of the remaining Ainu people, who populated Hokkaidō before the arrival of the Japanese, live on the island. The island of Hokkaidō forms a single prefecture. Its capital, Sapporo, is an important commercial and manufacturing center.

Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2003. © 1993-2002 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.


Identification (the name of city with a brief description): ………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….


Description (characteristics of the city):………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 9: Analyzing the linguistic features of the descriptive text

Analyze the linguistic features of the text in Activity 8.

1. Specific participants:………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Linking verbs:………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Simple present tense:………………………………………………………………………………….

4. Adjectives:………………………………………………………………………………….

5. Noun phrases:………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 10: Arranging paragraphs into a descriptive text

Arrange the following paragraphs into a descriptive text. Use the text plan of descriptive text.

My Beloved City

Bandung’s cool upland climate was a major factor in the establishment of the city by the Dutch in 1810. Originally a garrison town, Bandung grew rapidly in importance after a railway line reached the city in 1884. The city served for a time as headquarters of the colonial government of the Netherlands East Indies. Several fine examples of Dutch colonial architecture survive in Bandung today.

The city attracted worldwide attention in April 1955 when it hosted the Bandung Conference, which was attended by representatives of 29 Asian and African countries. Attendees resolved to strengthen cultural and economic ties between member nations and to unite in opposition to colonialism.

Bandung is also Bandoeng, one of the largest cities in Indonesia and the capital of West Java Province. Bandung is situated in the uplands of western Java at an elevation of 715 m (2,350 ft) in a scenic region dominated by high volcanoes. The city is a major industrial center, producing textiles, dyes, chemicals, aircraft, machinery, and quinine. It is also an important center for education and research, with facilities such as the Bandung Institute of Technology (1920), Pajajaran State University (1957), Parahyangan Catholic University (1955), the Pasteur Institute, and the National Research Institute. Bandung is the cultural capital of the Sundanese people and is noted for its


Angklung bamboo orchestra and its tradition of classical Sundanese theater, dance, and gamelan music.

Once known as the Paris of the East because of its attractive design and vibrant cultural life, Bandung now struggles with growing traffic, pollution, and other urban problems. Population 3,557,665 (1997 estimate).


Identification (the name of city with a brief description): ………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….

Description (characteristics of the city):………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 11: Answering the questions

Answer the questions based on the text in Activity 10.

1. What is the purpose of writing the text above?………………………………………………………………………………

2. For whom is this text for?………………………………………………………………………………

3. Which paragraph describes identification?………………………………………………………………………………


4. Which paragraph describes description?………………………………………………………………………………

5. What thing do you learn from this text?………………………………………………………………………………

Activity 12: Making a descriptive text

Make a descriptive text based on the information and use the text plan. Complete the scheme provided below.

Official Name : Indonesia Area : 1,904,443 sq kmPopulation : 238,452,950 Languages : Bahasa Indonesia (modified form of Malay; official),

English, Dutch, Sundanese, Arabic, Chinese, and local dialects, especially Javanese (about 300 languages and dialects are spoken).

Main cities : Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, Medan, Palembang

Religion : Muslim: 87 percent, Protestant: 6 percent, Roman Catholic: 3 percent, Hindu: 2 percent, Buddhist: 1 percent, Other 1: percent

Major export : Petroleum and petroleum products, natural and manufactured gas, wood and wood products, food products, textiles, metal ores, footwear, electrical and electronic products

My motherland, Indonesia Indonesia is a great country.


This country is archipelagic. It has lots of islands. The country’s territory is very wide. It covers 1,904,443 sq km. …………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

SECTION FOUR: Independent Construction of the Text

Activity 13: Exploring Your Own Ideas

Answer the following questions.

1. Can you describe your school?2. What does it look like?3. How large is it?4. How old is your school?5. What facilities does your school have?6. How many classes does it have?7. Does your school have a language laboratory?8. Does it also have a prayer room?9. How many students are there in your school?10. How many teachers do you have?

Activity 14: Identifying the things in your own school Check the following facilities in your school. Then make a descriptive text about your school.

Facility Facility…….. Library …….. Hall…….. Natural science laboratory …….. Park…….. Canteen …….. Music room…….. Sport centre …….. Counselling room…….. Toilet …….. Health centre…….. Parking area for teachers …….. Parking area for students


Identification (the name of city with a brief description): ………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….

Description (characteristics of the city):………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….

Activity 15: Describing the people

Describe your family members’ characters.

1. What does you father look like?2. Tell me about your mother’s character.3. What does your grandfather look like?4. Tell me about your grandmother.5. What does your uncle look like?6. Tell me about your aunt’s character.7. What does your sister look like?8. Tell me your young brother’s temper.9. Describe your nephew’s character.10. Describe your cousin’s temper.

Activity 16: Writing a descriptive text

Write a descriptive text about one of your family members based on the answer of the questions in Activity 15. Use the correct schematic structure and linguistic features of the descriptive text.

Schematic Structure: Identification

(Write the name of your family with a brief description) Description

(Describe his/her characteristics of your family member)


Linguistic Features: Specific participants Linking verbs Simple present Adjective Noun phrase


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