DOE: Definition of a MicroGrid

“A group of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources (DER) with clearly defined electrical boundaries that acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid [and can] connect and disconnect from the grid to enable it to operate in both grid-connected or island mode.”

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Types of Microgrids

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G

Distribution Microgrids Facility Microgrids

G Customer Owned

G

G

Microgrid model used for demonstrations – Representative DoD Facility

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Smart Microgrids – from Concept to Commissioning

  Objectives and Requirements Definition   Survey of Existing Assets / Infrastructure   Economic Feasibility Study –  Investment required – Options for reducing return

  Technical Feasibility Studies   Design – Required upgrades and additions – Controls required to meet objectives – Utility interconnect

  Pre-deploy Validation   On-site Commissioning   Post-deploy support and metrics to ensure objectives and benefits

were achieved

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Typical Microgrid Requirements

  Grid Connected Capabilities – Optimization for Economic Operation – Support Integration of Renewables – Support for DER Market Participation

  Islanding Capabilities – Emergency Islanding Support – Managing Critical/Non-Critical Loads to Available Generation –  Island Operations with High Penetrations of Renewables – Optimized Island Operation for Longevity (Fuel, Maximizing REs)

  Secure Operations – Cyber Secure Communications Network – Distributed and Resilient Architecture

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Microgrid model used for demonstrations – Representative DoD Facility

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Power System Simulation

  Microgrids are typically not green-field, we are building on existing infrastructure and equipment, which will be used differently from the original design – requiring further studies / analysis

  Using simulation to validate controls ensures objectives will be met and significantly reduces risk and commissioning time-line

  Power Modeling Tools are now available to support: – Technical Feasibility Studies – Design – Pre-Deployment Validation

  Dynamic simulation in addition to traditional transient analysis is required for microgrids due to low inertia and intermittent renewables

  Protection and power quality studies must be performed for island operation

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