does europe need more roads? 1 wednesday, 7 october 2009 steer davies gleave 28-32 upper ground...
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1Does Europe need more roads?
Does Europe need more roads?
Wednesday, 7 October 2009
Steer Davies Gleave28-32 Upper Ground
London, SE1 9PD+44 (0)20 7919 8500
www.steerdaviesgleave.com
Ex Post Evaluation of Cohesion Policy Programmes 2000-2006 co-financed by the European Fund for Regional Development (Objective 1 and 2). Work Package 5a: Transport
Presentation at the DG REGIO Open Days
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2Does Europe need more roads?
Presentation agenda
Ι ERDF objectives for transport for the 2000-2006 period
Ι Physical outcomes from investment co-financed by the ERDF
Ι Evaluation of transport needs
Ι Emerging findings and recommendations from the Draft final report
Ι Conclusions
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3Does Europe need more roads?
ERDF objectives for transport for the 2000-2006 period
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4Does Europe need more roads?
ERDF objectives for transport in programming period
Ι Improving the effectiveness of transport systems by modernising and repairing infrastructure, fostering better management and encouraging measures to enhance interoperability;
Ι Seeking a balance between the different modes of transport by investing more in modes other than road transport, developing coherent intermodal and combined transport systems and creating transfer hubs;
Ι improving access to the regions by connecting the main networks to local small-scale transport systems;
Ι reducing the harmful effects of transport by complying with environmental protection rules. (Source: Guidelines for the 2000-2006 programme)
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5Does Europe need more roads?
Financial outcomes from investment co-financed by the ERDF
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6Does Europe need more roads?
Allocation and expenditure (1)
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Expenditure
Last allocation
Initial allocation
€ BRoads Rail Urban transport
Ports Multimodal transport Airports
Not classified transport Others
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
Expenditure
Last allocation
Initial allocation
€ BRoads Rail Urban transport
Ports Multimodal transport Airports
Others Not classified transport
Objective 2
Objective 1Ι €33.8 billion allocated Ι €29.1 billion spent
by end of 2007
Ι 96% in Objective 1 regions.
Ι 81.5% was allocated to 5 Member States.
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7Does Europe need more roads?
ERDF contribution (Based on case studies)
Ι Expenditure followed OP strategy, but not always key challenges ■ for example the little attention placed on intermodality, improving the
quality of rail or improving urban transport.
Ι Where challenges addressed there were positive results ■ relieving bottlenecks -> reduced of journey times; ■ increasing airport capacity -> increased passenger numbers.
Ι Exogenous macroeconomic factors limited some achievements
■ for example investments in public transport being cancelled out by increases in car ownership
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8Does Europe need more roads?
Expenditure split
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
AT BE CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GR HU IE IT LT LU LV MT NL PL PT SE SI SK UK
Other
Rail
All roads
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9Does Europe need more roads?
Physical outcomes from investment co-financed by the ERDF
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10Does Europe need more roads?
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Roads Motorways Rail Airports Ports Urban Transport MutimodalTransport
Projects over the programming period
Ι Over 13,000 transport projects (61% road based)Ι 96% in Objective 1 and 95% in the EU15.
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11Does Europe need more roads?
Transport investment statistics -1
Nearly 100,000km of roads & motorways
Ι 13,000km new buildΙ 62,000km reconstructedΙ The rest unclassified
Almost 4,000km of railway
Ι 600km new buildΙ 2,300km reconstructedΙ The rest unclassified
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12Does Europe need more roads?
Transport investment statistics -2
AirportsΙ 31 airports modernised &
substantial terminal surface area added. Many targets were not met.
PortsΙ 130 ports have been modernised (in
a selection of countries) and target achievement varied from 50% to 650%.
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13Does Europe need more roads?
Transport investment statistics -3
Ι Over 1500 multimodal centres were completed.
Ι Almost 7000 parking spaces.
Ι 2,476km of cycle paths were completed.
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14Does Europe need more roads?
Evaluation of transport needs
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15Does Europe need more roads?
Did Europe need more roads at the start of the programming period? Arguments for
Ι Quality of the road network poor in many EU10 Member States (especailly in Baltic States)
Ι Missing links, particularly connections to ports, needed to be completed (France, Germany)
Ι Journey times needed to be reduced (Greece, Czech Republic)
Ι Key connections needed to be built (Spain, Greece)
Ι Road safety needed to improved (Portugal, Poland)
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16Does Europe need more roads?
Did Europe need more roads at the start of the programming period? Arguments against
Ι Some Member States already had an extensive road network.
Ι Some investment driven by the fact that it was easier.
Ι Strategy and EU policy said that investment should be focused on other modes.
Ι Building more roads creates more congestion
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17Does Europe need more roads?
Emerging findings and recommendations
From Draft Final Report
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18Does Europe need more roads?
Emerging findings (1)
Ι ERDF contributed significantly to the development of transport in terms of the addition of additional transport infrastructure and reducing journey times.
■ A number of key projects completed (see major projects in Greece, Spain, Italy, etc.)
■ Increased connections to the TEN-T (Portugal, Poland, etc.)■ Increased capacity (Motorways in Spain and Greece; railways in
Italy, etc.)
Ι Focus on road was within the strategies. (11/12 case studies focused on different aspects of road improvements in their strategy)
Ι EU10 MS have seen a substantial improvement in the quality of roads across their network. (Journey times and road standards in Baltic States)
Ι Some States have seen a substantial improvement in road safety. (Portugal)
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19Does Europe need more roads?
Emerging findings (2)
Ι Little emphasis on modal shift (9/12 regions included it in their strategy, only Lisboa invested significantly.)
Ι The “spend” culture directed funds to the easiest projects which may not have been the most optimal.
Ι Direct impacts of transport investments can be measured (journey time reductions, accessibility increased capacity, etc.).
Ι Indirect impacts are harder to measure: difficult to draw link to regional development. They need effective measurement & monitoring which needs to be done over a much longer timeframe than the limited time in the programming period.
Ι Clear objectives need to be defined
Ι Generally little value for money appraisal in the development of projects. (Although good practice examples have been seen in the UK).
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20Does Europe need more roads?
Examples of good practice
Ι Athens Metro – Modal shift
Ι Eco Bus line in Funchal – Zero Emissions
Ι Removal of level crossings in Cadiz – urban road safety
Ι Egnatia Motorway – Journey times
Ι AVE Spain – High speed rail
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21Does Europe need more roads?
Emerging recommendations (1)
Ι EC to provide guidance on:
■ Setting clear objectives and areas that should be targeted
■ The type of expenditure (current vs capital)
■ How transport investment is managed nationally (national vs local roads)
Road
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22Does Europe need more roads?
Emerging recommendations (2)
Ι Projects need to be accompanied by a sound cost benefit analysis
Ι The defining of indicators, the setting of targets and the monitoring of outcomes needs to be improved:
■ Journey times at scheme or corridor level■ Changes in capacity■ Changes in safety■ Changes in modal split■ Freight impacts
Ι Increased knowledge exchange between regions to identify good/best practice
Ι Linking OP strategies more explicitly to EU, national and regional challenges and strategies.
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23Does Europe need more roads?
Conclusion: Does Europe need more roads going forward?
Ι It depends on: ■ What type of roads? (motorways/national/local)■ What type of road interventions? (new/upgraded/maintenance)■ Where? (Which part of the EU?)■ Why roads have been chosen? (Is there a need or is it easier
compared to rail?)
Ι Road investment still necessary but targeted at micro interventions aimed at filling missing links or removing bottlenecks.
Ι ERDF investment needs to switch away from roads and more towards ensuring sustainable transport which is not limited only to rail.
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24Does Europe need more roads?
Thank you