DOG"man's best friend"

Dog

• The dog (Canis lupus familiaris)– is a domesticated subspecies of the gray wolf, – a mammal of the Canidae family of the order

Carnivora.

• The term can also be used more generally to encompass any member of the biological family Canidae.

• Subspecies – druh• Mammal - savec

Dog

• The domestic dog has been one of the most widely kept working and companion animals in human history.

• There are estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.

• Companionate – družný, věrný , doprovázející

Dog

• The dog has developed into hundreds of varied breeds.

• Height measured from a few inches in the Chihuahua to a few feet in the Irish Wolfhound.

• Breed – rasa, plemeno• Wolfhound - vlčák

Dog

• Color varies from white through grays (usually called blue) to black, and browns from light (tan) to dark ("red" or "chocolate") in a wide variation of patterns;

• Coats can be very short to many centimeters long (straight or curly).

• Pattern – typ, vzor, model• Coat – srst, peří, nátěr, kabát

Biology

• Domestic dogs come in many shapes and sizes because they have been selectively bred for millenia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

• Their morphology, although highly modified, is based on that of their wild ancestors, gray wolves.

Biology

• Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal.

• Within the range of extremes, dogs generally share attributes with their wild ancestors, the wolves.

Biology

• Dogs are predators and scavengers, possessing sharp teeth and strong jaws for • attacking, • holding, • and tearing their food.

• Scavenger – mrchožrout,• Possess – mít, vlastnit,• Jaw – čelist.

Biology

• Like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.

• Dogs are more variable in size than any other domesticated animal.

• Endurance – výdrž, vytrvalost

Biology

• The smallest known dog was a Yorkshire Terrier,

• Who stood only 6.3 cm at the shoulder, 9.5 cm in length along the head-and-body, and weighed only 113 grams.

• Shoulder - hřbet

Biology

• The largest known dog was an English Mastiff which weighed 155.6 kg and was 250 cm from the snout to the tail.

• Snout – čenich• Tail – ocas, ohon

Parasites

• Common external parasites are various species of fleas, ticks, and mites.

• Internal parasites include hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.

• Tick – klíště• Mite – roztoč• Hookworm – měchovec• Tapeworm – tasemnice• Roundworm – škrkavka• Heartworm – vlasovec psí

Mortality

• The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds.

• The median life of most dog breeds is between 10 and 13 years.

• Lifespan – střední délka života• Median – střední

Diet

• A dog's diet should consist of balanced proportions of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and water.

• The average size dog requires about 30 calories per pound of body weight per day.

• Diet – potrava, strava, dieta• Carbohydrate – sacharid

Dangerous substances

• Human food.

• Some foods commonly enjoyed by humans are dangerous to dogs, including chocolate, onions, grapes and raisins, some types of gum, certain sweeteners, and Macadamia nuts.

• Raisin – rozinka

Reproduction

• In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age 6 to 12 months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds.

• Adolescence for most domestic dogs is around 12 to 15 months, beyond which they are for the most part more adult than puppy.

Dog communication

• There are a number of basic ways a dog can communicate.

• These are movements of the ears, eyes and eyebrows, mouth, head, tail, and entire body, as well as barks, growls, whines, whimpers, and howls.

• Growl – vrčet• Whine – vrnět• Whimper - kňučet

Work and sport

• Dogs have traditionally been used for a variety of tasks since their domestication by early man.

• Dogs have been bred for herding livestock, different kinds of hunting, keeping living spaces clear of rats, guarding and pulling loads in addition to their roles as companions.

• Herding - hnát (4. p., stádo)

Breeds

• There are numerous dog breeds, with over 800 being recognized by various kennel clubs worldwide.

• Many dogs, especially outside the United States of America and Western Europe, belong to no recognized breed.

• Kennel club – kynologická (šlechtitelská) stanice• Kennel – psí bouda

The End – Keep Smiling