dokumentation rk-vent rotationskegelventuri documentation

Transnationales Forschungsprojekt DGE GmbH(D)-Ventacid (Fr)-Ventacid (CH)

DGE GmbH Hufelandstraße 33 06886 Wittenberg Tel.: +49-3491-661841 Fax: +49-3491-661842 DGE GmbH Tattenkofener Str. 25 82538 Geretsried Tel.: +49-8171-90051 Fax: +49-8171-90052 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.dge-wittenberg.com

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Dr.-Ing. Günther Engineering GmbH

FR-68274 Wittenheim CH-3613Steffisburg

RK-Vent® documentation in English

Dokumentation RK-Vent®

Rotationskegelventuri

Documentation RK-Vent® rotation cone venturi Documentation RK-Vent® venturi avec cône à rotation

RK-Vent®

Kompaktanlage mit manueller Verstellung des Rotationskegels in PP/GFK für 4.000 m³/h Abluft

RK-Vent®

Compact plant with manual adjusting of the rotation cone. Made of FRP/PP, for 4000 m3/h exhaust air.

RK-Vent®

Installation compacte avec réglage manuelle du cône rotative. Réali-sée en PP fretté polyes-ter pour 4000 m3/H air vicié.

http://www.dge-wittenberg.com



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Contents

1. Introduction

2. Description 2.1 Design 2.2 Function principle 2.3 Capacity parameters

3. Design types 3.1 Basic type 3.2 Type of structure with self-controlling operating range

4. Field of application 4.1 Dust separation and waste gas cooling 4.2 Chemisorption 4.3 Absorption

5. Application examples 5.1 Dust separation 5.2 Chemisorption 5.3 Absorption

6. Equipment designs 6.1 Common design

7. RK-Vent® -type series

8. Safety instructions 8.1 Safety regulations

9. Maintenance instructions 9.1 Service partners

10. List of spare parts

Enclosure

Instruction All data, illustrations and specifications contained in this documentation are information valid in the time of their publication. We are reserving the right to make changes at any time.




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1. Introduction

The existing systems of Venturi scrubbers have been investigated in the framework of an international research project of the following states: Germany, France and Switzerland. On this basis the high-duty separa-tors RK-Vent® for separating particles with a small diameter under humid conditions.

With the use of a new Venturi separator the existing shortage of conven-tional systems in particular, i.e. a small operating range has to be elimi-nated. At the same time the separating efficiency

and capacity of this system have been improved. By improved separation conditions in case of RK-Vent®

new fields of application of Venturi separators could be accessed. The Venturi separator RK-Vent® is protected by German institute of pat-ents and trademarks under registration number 398 36 099.

1.1 Field of application

The field of application of the Venturi separators is almost in all branches of industry, however, above all always in cases where it is necessary to separate solid particles, dust particles, aerosols from the exhaust air flow.

For the reason of very high velocities in Venturi scrubber it results in this case very small size of the separating device. It is an advantage in case of purifying high flow rates of the exhaust air.




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2. Description

2.1 Design

RK-Vent®

consists of a compact Venturi with short accelerating paths. A ratio L2/D2 of the accelerating path is of about 1.5. A ratio of diameter D1/D2 is of a value between 2 and 3. The inlet and outlet zone with their 45 ° or more

are in a relative obtuse angle. The waste gas leaving the accelerating zone is fed with the use of a rotation cone on which they are arranged guiding blades in an fixed and movable execution and the waste gas flow is transferred in this way to a rotation flow. The rotation cone can be adjusted. By arranging the adjusting the cone of the Venturi head in the out direction no other additional problems connected with a leakage do not occur. The rotation cone adjustment can be carried out by hand or automatically. The washing liquid necessary for the washing process is fed in the RK-Vent® head with the use of a specially developed system of nozzles which have been designed in such a way that it is ensured they will not be blocked or choked.

2.2 Principle of function

RK-Vent®

equipment works as a Venturi separator where in addition to particles separation as a consequence of very different relative velocities in the acceleration and relaxation zone an additional intentional separa-tion occurs by means of the action of shear forces. With the use of the rotation cone specially designed for this purpose it is attained in this case an improved particle separation together with optimizing pressure drop and at the same time with a better utilization of shear forces. It results in a markedly enlarged working range of the Venturi separator.

2.3 Capacity parameters

To utilize Venturi separators RK-Vent® it has been developed an assem-bly consisting of 12 standardized basic types for exhaust air flow rates of 250 to 50.000 m³/h. The choice of a suitable separator type is dependent on the exhaust gas flow rate to be purified and on the necessary pres-sure difference for separating particles.

For technical data of single basic types see Enclosure.




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3. Design types

Venturi separator RK-Vent® consists of a vertical Venturi tube with a re-duction piece and opening out by about 45°. In this way a compact form of the structure has been attained.

The separator is made of plastic or steel / high-quality steel. When manu-facturing it of plastic a structure with PP-Inliner and GFK-

reinforcement is chosen. The rotation cone is made of plastic, generally of PP.

Washing water is distributed by means of a triple distributing system on RK-Vent® head.

3.1 Basic type

In the basic type the adjustment of the rotation cone is carried out by hand by means of a handwheel fitted on the Venturi separator RK-Vent®. head. By adjusting the cone height it is possible to adjust precisely the operating range. For special fields of application both the inlet and outlet cones are in different executions. At the same time the opening out of the inlet cone may be 45 and 60 °.

The rotation cones are manufactured in two basic types and at the same time in each basic type a different angle is used when compared to the outlet cone. The rotation cones can be replaced easily and without any problem.

3.2 Type of structure with self-controlling operating range

In this type of structure the rotation cone adjustment is carried out by means of a pneumatic control drive in dependence on a specified pres-sure difference. In this way it is possible to maintain constant the pres-sure difference by means of automatic adjustment of the RK-Vent®

cone at process technical flow rate variation. With the use of a specially devel-oped the-point control it is possible to adjust an optimum operating range in dependence of process variables:

- Flow rate - Rotation cone height and geometry - Washing liquid flow rate

In this way the same separation efficiency can be attained approximately also in a very large working range.




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4. Field of application

The Venturi separator RK-Vent® is a high-efficiency separator for sepa-rating particles of a small diameter and negligible specific mass. By a flexible adjusting the degree of separation by means of the rotation cone it is possible to attain very good separation efficiencies at dust separation and chemisorption.

4.1 Dust separation and waste gas cooling

With the use of RK-Vent® it is possible with a high degree of efficiency to separate above all dust in paper industry, colour pigments, odour satu-rated dust in food industry, aerosols and dust in chemical industry, phar-maceutical industry and metal working or it is possible to realize proc-esses of dust removing using humid method at waste incineration.

The separation efficiency under humid conditions can be described for each separating device using separation function T(d):

T(d)=1-exp[-f (d)] f=VL/VG

For separators RK-Vent® under humid condition they have been devel-oped calculation programmes by means of which it is possible in ad-vance to calculate an expected separation efficiency for a given granular-ity distribution and dust specific mass.

The use of RK-Vent® for combined Quench plants with separation or chemisorption is given for Venturi and rotation cone in case of execution as made of steel / high-grade steel.

T

TS

Saturation line

TS Cooling limit temperature

Y YS

h,Th=konst.

Air cooling by evaporationh,Y-Diagram after Mollier

Y




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4.2 Chemisorption

On the basis of a good mixing and a fine distribution of drops in the rota-tion cone it is possible with RK-Vent® to attain a good separation effi-ciency at separating acid and alkaline components from exhaust air. With the use of the RK-Vent® it is possible to attain always 2-4 NTU according to a specified task. On the basis of that as mentioned above it is possible to find a necessary number of series connected Venturi separators for a given separation efficiency. A height of a necessary separation step is

given by the following relationship:

Z = NTU * HTU

Z - RK-Vent® - design height in m NTU - Number of necessary theoretical separation steps HTU - Theoretical separation step height

The calculation of a necessary theoretical number of separation steps NTU for a given separation efficiency is given by the following relation-ship:

NTU = ln (YE/YA)

YE - inlet concentration of components in the exhausted waste gas YA - outlet concentration of components in the exhausted waste gas

Theoretical separation step height HTU is determined by the rotation cone used.

4.3 Absorption

Good results of absorption can be obtained in such cases when the scrubbing process is not equipped with a closed water circuit, however, in cases when the RK- Vent® is operated with the use of fresh water only. The attainable separation capacity corresponds to a value of about 1 NTU. During operation with a closed circuit it is necessary, however, to take into consideration absorption and desorption effects.

As opposed to the method of calculation for chemisorption it is necessary at absorption to take into consideration additionally also phase equilib-rium

YE,A = CE,A * Hi

C - Concentration of components in liquid phase Hi - Henry coefficient, component i

By this limitation it is obvious that with the use of absorption it is possible to attain a good separation capacity only in substances well water-soluble as for example ammonia.




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5. Examples of application

5.1 Dust separation

A dust portion from a value of 2500 mg/m³ to 80 mg/m³ has to be re-duced in exhaust air flow with a flow rate of 4500 m³/h. A specific mass of dust particles which have to be separated is of 0.3 –

0.4 kg/dm³ , therefore, these particles are very light (similarly as cork or threads). The total residual curve of granularity distribution is known from measuring. With the use of calculating programme DGE it is possible to calculate an attainable fractionated separation in dependence on

the type of rotation cone and set pressure difference in Venturi scrubbers.

Example 1 Granularity Unpurified gas Separation efficiency Purified gas

Rotation cone II Pressure difference 40 mbar

µm % % % 0,1 – 0,5 8 45 17,8 0,5 – 0,75 22 59 36,8 0,75 – 1,0 35 73 38,1 1,0 - 2,0 30 94 7,2 2,0 - 3,0 3 99 0,1 3,0 - 4,0 2 99,5 - 4,0 - 5,0 1 99,8 -

Filling 2.500 mg/m³ 620,05 mg/m³

The calculated separation efficiency is 75.2 % and it is not sufficient for fulfilling the existing task.

Example 2 Granularity Unpurified gas Separation efficiency Purified gas

Rotation cone II Pressure difference 65 mbar

µm % % % 0,1 – 0,5 8 82 36,4 0,5 – 0,75 22 94 33,6 0,75 – 1,0 35 97,5 22,1 1,0 - 2,0 30 99 7,6 2,0 - 3,0 3 99,9 0,1 3,0 - 4,0 2 99,95 - 4,0 - 5,0 1 99,99 -

Filling 2.500 mg/m³ 99,16 mg/m³

It is attained the specified degree of separation. For certainty the separa-tion for a pressure difference of 75 mbar should be realized.




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5.2 Chemisorption

The exhaust air flow with a flow rate of 12.000 m³/h is SO2 saturated in a concentration of 150 mg/m³. The requested concentration in the purified gas is 5 mg/m³.

For solving the given task it is necessary to use the following theoretical number of stages:

NTU = ln(150/5) = 3,4

With the help of tests in connection with the substance the following transfer units have been measured with rotation cone I for RK-Vent®:

Pressure difference NTU mbar

20 2,5 30 2,9 40 3,2 50 3,4 60 3,6

The given task can be fulfilled by installing in a line one RK-Vent®

with a pressure difference of 60 mbar or two RK-Vent® with a pressure differ-ence of 20 mbar. The transfer units of different rotation cones are in-cluded in the firm know-how and they are taken into consideration in each calculation.

5.3 Absorption

The explanation of absorption can be presented in advance only ap-proximately for the reason of a complex mass transfer. It is purposeful to carry out a pilot trial to find a separation efficiency. When starting from the maximum theoretical transfer unit NTU = 1 it is possible to realize with water absorption a maximum separation efficiency of about 60%.




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6. Equipment designs

The basic structure of the complete RK-Vent® plant can be find in the flow diagram enclosed. The plant consists of the following assemblies:

- Venturi separator K 01 - Washing water storage tank and relaxation tank B 01 - Demister F01 - Air exhaust fan V 01 - Circulating pump P 01 - Control box

With the use of these assemblies it is possible to realize an automatic operation of waste gas purification. Additionally to the standard equip-ment it is possible to install relaxation tank B 01 with the additional scrubbing stage K 02. It is offered above all for the reason of existence of velocities usual for a scrubbing column in the relaxation tank. Columns filled with small solid bodies or spraying columns are suitable in particular as a washing stage. Using the additional washing stage K 02 it is often possible to realize three processes in one separation plant with the help of:

- Quench - Dust separation and - Chemisorption

In this execution, in addition to the additional washing stage K 02 it is necessary to use also a larger circulating pump P 01.

For washing processes, chemisorption with a large quantity of liberated reaction heat or for Quench processes we recommend to include a heat exchanger to the circuit.

6.1 Common design

For fully automatic operation of the Venturi separator it has been devel-oped a special design according to PDF system where:

- pressure difference RK-Vent® K 01 PIRSA - fan speed V 01 DIRSA - washing liquid flow rate k RK-Vent® K 01 FIRSA

are logically interconnected and it is elaborated the size of the rotation cone control drive size. In this way it is ensured an uniform purification effect at fluctuating waste gas flow rate.




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7. RK-Vent®

- type series

To utilize Venturi separators RK-Vent®

there are at disposal a number of

12 different assemblies for purifying exhaust air flow at a flow rate of 250 to 49.000 m³/h. For higher exhaust air flow rates it is possible to install also more systems in series. Type designation of the RK-Vent®

is formed in accordance with the following scheme:

DGE-RKV-D1/D2-A-B-C-D

It means in this case as follows:

DGE Firm name RKV RK-Vent®

D1/D2 Type RK-Vent® A Relaxation tank B 01 execution

0 – Execution as relaxation tank only FKW -

Execution B 01 as a scrubber filled with small solid bodies SPK - Execution B 01 as jetting gas scrubber

B Material used (PP, PE, 1.4571, etc.) C Year of manufacture D Order number

With the use of that classification the delivered equipment RK-Vent®

can be unequivocally classified and their service ensured.




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8. Safety instructions

In principle, with the exception of instructions stated in the handed over documentation the user shall observe also local regulations in force in the place of the equipment application. Operators and personnel shall be acquainted with the documentation and shall be provided with an au-thorization for carrying out necessary appropriate activities. The user undertakes to use for operating RK-Vent® equipment an instructed per-sonnel only.

8.1 Safety regulations

Regulations which shall be observed are included in the documentation of the appropriate equipment. In addition to it, it is necessary to observe regulations specific according to place of application of the equipment. Above all, it is necessary to check whether:

- Operating instructions are kept close to the appropriate equipment

- The equipment is handled and operated by an authorized personnel only and that the appropriate personnel has been instructed

- The cleaning of the equipment is carried in regular time inter-vals

- Safety devices and equipments are checked after each 6 months

- For operation of the equipment have been created no other conditions than those stated in the contract.

Change in design can be carried out only when approved by the equip-ment manufacturer.

Instruction The observance of safety instructions and safety regulations is a precondition of trouble-free operation.




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9. Maintenance instruction

It is necessary to observe maintenance time intervals as stated in the maintenance instruction manual.

Above all in processes with intensive separation of dust particles it is necessary to check piping, nozzles, flow rate measuring equipment and demister for clogging.

At using PDF system for operating range automatic control it is neces-sary to check pressure sensing unit in regular intervals for clogging and to remove dirt if need be.

The maintenance work can be carried out with the appropriate equipment switched off.

9.1 Service partners

When concluding a contract it is necessary to appoint a partner respon-sible for service of the equipment.

Before the service has been carried out it is necessary to be supplied well with necessary spare parts.

10. Spare parts

For ensuring troublefree operation of the RK-Vent® equipment it is nec-essary to have on stock a minimum amount of spare parts. This is, how-ever, very necessary in view of a long delivery time in case of special spare parts. These special spare parts are as follows:

1 Rotation cone 1 Pressure sensing unit for PDF system.

Other spare parts are always given by a specific mode of use.

Instruction Regular maintenance and a stock of spare parts are necessary for ensuring troublefree operation and for increasing applicability of the equipment.




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Enclosure

1. Basic flow sheet of RK-Vent® plant with PDF-control system

2. Diagrammatic representation RK-Vent®

3. RK-Vent® with automatic control drive

4. RK-Vent® -loading diagram - overview

5. RK-Vent® -loading diagrams of single basic types

6. Example for RK-Vent® with self-controlling operating range

7. Example for dust separation in comparison with RK-Vent® - conventional Venturi


RK- Vent® for 60.000 Nm

3 /h exhaust airUse: particle separation CO2

- recovery with ammonia water to ammonia carbonat

App . 3

App. 4

Capacity diagramRK-Vent

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ume

in m

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below layout above

Abb. 5-1

RK-VENT 125-50 Capacity diagramWorking area for cone height

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Dr.-Ing. Günther Engineering GmbHüberwacht

DGE GmbH Hufelandstraße 33 06886 Wittenberg Tel.: +49-(0)3491 661841 Fax: +49-(0)3491 661842E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.dge-wittenberg.com

überwacht

DGE's RK Vent© Venturi washers are high-performance gas washers for dust recovery andremoving organic and inorganic components fromthe exhaust air. The quantity of washing liquid isdistributed evenly over the column cross-sectionby means of jets mounted vertically to the flow ofexhaust air. The shearing forces of the gas distributethe washing liquid into fine droplets. It is possibleto separate dust particles of down to 0.05 µmdepending upon the design.

DGE's RK Vent© Venturi washers are suited toseparating dusts with small particle diameters ofdeveloped Venturi washers. Mounting an adjustableswirl cone significantly expands its working areaand especially its separation performance. Anactuator for the swirl cone allows DGE's RK Vent©

to work as a self-regulating separator.

DGE's rotary cone Venturi washers can be usedprofitably for all processes of chemsorption. Weoffer special solutions with processes of fastchemical reactions such as removing … . CO2 isalso removed with chemosorption with NaOH inair as a side effect. CO2 conversion is only madepossible at below 30% based upon the specificdesign of DGE's rotary cone Venturi washerswith their very low contact times. This lowersoperating costs significantly.

DGE's rotary cone Venturi washers can also beused very profitably for precleaning if the exhaustair to be cleaned is loaded with solid matter.Packed washers, activated carbon plants orbiological systems may be used as downstreamcleaning stages.

DGE's Standard Series DGE-RKVfor rotary cone Venturi washers for exhaust air decontamination

DGE's RK Vent©

1 – the throat2 – the liquid atomisation3 – the manual or automatic cone adjustment device


Environmental ProtectionProcess EngineeringPlant Engineering

exhaust airfresh water

swirl cone

clean gas

Dr.-Ing. Günther Engineering GmbHüberwacht

DGE GmbH Hufelandstraße 33 06886 Wittenberg Tel.: +49-(0)3491 661841 Fax: +49-(0)3491 661842E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.dge-wittenberg.com

überwacht

There are the following standard subassemblies for using DGE's RK Vent© for exhaust airdecontamination:

The dimension stated are based upon the standard design. We can also adjust the construction height forreplacing conventional systems without any problems.

designation DN 1 DN 2 quantity of exhaust air water construction heightm3/h m3/h mm

DGE-RKV 125 50 250 – 700 1 600DGE-RKV 150 65 400 – 1120 2 680DGE-RKV 200 80 600 – 1820 3 880aDGE-RKV 250 100 1000 – 2800 5 1040DGE-RKV 300 125 1500 – 4200 8 1260DGE-RKV 350 150 2000 – 6300 10 1550DGE-RKV 400 175 2500 – 8400 15 1840DGE-RKV 500 200 5500 – 16800 25 2120DGE-RKV 700 275 7000 – 21700 40 3000DGE-RKV 800 325 9000 – 30800 50 3200DGE-RKV 1000 425 15000 – 49000 70 3480

Model designation for DGE'srotary cone Venturi washers�DGE's RK Vent© Venturi washersare products with system solu-tions and they work reliably. Wecan supply all column accesso-ries such as the jet distributionsystems pH measured sectionsmetering stations mist separa-tors liquid collecting tanks swirlcones as component parts uponrequest.

DGE's RK Vent© Venturi washersare optimised for the separationperformance demanded depen-ding upon the task. The instal-lation of the entire plant pro-ducts with the washing liquidtank, circulating pump, etc. isadapted to local conditions. Weimplement plant designs withrecirculation for the washingliquid to reduce operating costs.

DGE's RK Vent© Venturi washersare used in combination withpacked columns in a variety ofsizes. This combination allowsa high degree of dust separationand high separation perfor-mance for material exchange.

DGE GmbH rotary cone Venturi washers RKV

DGE's rotary cone Venturi washers are high-performanceseparators suited to gas washing. It is possible to separateparticles excellently down to below 0.1 µm depending upon thedensity of dust. Generally we can say the higher the separationperformance, the higher is the energy required. You can implementclearly greater working areas using DGE's RK Vent© Venturiwashers in comparison to conventional Venturi washers. Webuild manually adjustable and self-regulating designs.

Environmental ProtectionProcess EngineeringPlant Engineering

DGE GmbHrotary cone Venturi washer

construction heightmaterial

year

DGE RKV A B C· · · ·

dokumentation rk-vent rotationskegelventuri documentation

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