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Sunny Boy
Technical Description
Edition 4.1
SWR 700 and SWR 850
The String Inverter for Photovoltaic Plants
SWR700-14:EE0698
Sunny Boy Technical Description
SWR700-14:EE - 2 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Alteration Review
Document-Number SWR700
Version and Alteration
Review1)
Comments Author
-12:EE1296 2.0 A First Edition
-13:EE1497 3.0 C Extension to SWR 850
-13:EE3397 3.1 C Recommendation for fuses
Modification of parameter lists
-14:EE0698 4.0 C
1) A: Alterations due to faulty documents or improvement of the documentation
B: Alterations maintaining full or upward compatibility
C: Alterations limiting or excluding compatibility
Name Date Signature
Release
SWR700-14:EE - 3 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Explanation of Symbols (used in this Document)
To enable you to make optimal use of this manual and safe use of the device during
commissioning, operation and maintenance, please not the following description of
symbols.
This symbol indicates a fact the non-observation of which may cause a
loss of comfort or an impairment of the function.
Example: “Do the following in order to keep the string voltage free“.
This symbol indicates a fact the non-observation of which may lead to da-
mages of parts or to the endangering of people.
Example: “Disconnect the AC and DC cabling before opening the device“.
This symbol indicates an example.
SWR700-14:EE - 4 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Content
1 Review......................................................................................................................7
1.1 General Information...........................................................................................7
1.2 Who Should Read Which Chapters?.................................................................7
1.3 What to do in Case of Transportation Damages................................................8
2 System Description...................................................................................................9
2.1 Function of a Mains-Connected Solar PV Plant ................................................9
2.2 Key Component Inverter ...................................................................................9
2.3 The String Inverter SWR 700 and SWR 850 ...................................................11
2.3.1 Design......................................................................................................11
2.3.2 Mains Disconnection Device ....................................................................13
2.3.3 Diagnosis and Communication.................................................................16
3 Installation ..............................................................................................................18
3.1 Placement of the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850....................................................18
3.2 Delivered Mounting and Installation Parts .......................................................20
3.3 Device Installation ...........................................................................................21
3.3.1 General Information .................................................................................21
3.3.2 Mounting Preparations .............................................................................21
3.3.3 Wall Mounting ..........................................................................................22
3.4 Electrical Conntection......................................................................................22
3.4.1 General Information .................................................................................22
3.4.2 Connecting Preparations..........................................................................23
3.4.3 Cable Connection.....................................................................................31
4 Putting into Operation.............................................................................................41
4.1 General Information.........................................................................................41
SWR700-14:EE - 5 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
4.2 Before the First Switching On..........................................................................41
5 Operation and Failure Display ................................................................................43
5.1 Operation Display............................................................................................44
5.2 Failure Display.................................................................................................46
6 Technical Data........................................................................................................52
6.1 SWR 700.........................................................................................................52
6.2 SWR 850.........................................................................................................58
7 Sunny Data.............................................................................................................63
7.1 General Information.........................................................................................63
7.2 Data Transmission ..........................................................................................63
7.2.1 Data Transmission via Mains Lead ..........................................................63
7.2.2 Data Transmission via Separate Data Line ..............................................64
7.3 Diagnosis and Communication........................................................................67
7.4 Graphical User Interface using MS Windows ..................................................68
8 Guaranty Regulations and Liability .........................................................................69
9 Enclosures..............................................................................................................72
9.1 Supplement 1: Certificates for SWR 700.........................................................72
9.2 Supplement 2: Certificates for SWR 850.........................................................76
9.3 Supplement 3: Boring jig .................................................................................80
SWR700-14:EE - 6 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
1 Review
1.1 General Information
With the Sunny Boy (SWR 700 resp. SWR 850), you have purchased the technically
most advanced inverter for the mains connection of photovoltaic plants at present. The
SWR 700/850 complies with all VDEW (Vereinigung Deutscher Elektrizitätswerke) regu-
lations -Regulations for the Parallel Operation of Private Generating Plants with the Low
Voltage Grid of the Power Utility. This includes the compliance of the SWR 700/850
with the regulations of the Berufsgenossenschaft der Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik
regarding the "Automatic Disconnecting Device for Private Generating Plants" (The
certification is included in the supplements). Furthermore, the SWR 700/850
complies with the relevant harmonized European regulations according to the EMVG
(EMI Regulations) and therefore has a CE conformity certificate (v. supplements).
Presently you are reading the Technical Description of the Photovoltaic Inverter SWR
700 resp. SWR 850 (Sunny Boy), and you are probably surprised at its size. Don't
bother, you do not have to read all chapters; this Technical Description shall provide all
necessary information concerning function, installation, and operation of the inverter as
well to the installer as to the user, and it shall give some hints regarding the extension of
solar plants.
1.2 Who Should Read Which Chapters?
Reading this manual is necessary mostly for the installer, because the inverter starts
automatically, without any user action. This Technical Description contains important
information concerning the installation and the putting into operation of the device, besi-
des other topics. In any case, the installer should read at least chapters 3 to 6 of this
description carefully before starting to work, and chapter 8, Guarantee Regulations and
Liability.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The user should read at least chapters 1 and 5. As an aid for fast finding the desired
information, we recommend to read the following chapters.
Installer: Chapter 1, chapter 3, chapter 4, chapter 5, chapter 6,
chapter 8
User: Chapter 1, chapter 2, chapter 5, chapter 7, chapter 8
1.3 What to do in Case of Transportation Damages
Before delivering our products, we thoroughly check their orderly state.
Transportation damages may occur in spite of the good packaging, which, by the way,
can be recycled. In most cases the carrier is responsible for these.
Please examine the delivered string inverter thoroughly. In case you find any packing
damages suggesting inverter damages, or in case you even find damages or deficien-
cies of the inverter itself, please inform the carrier immediately.
If necessary, your distributor or the company SMA will support you. In any case, a notifi-
cation of damages must be submitted to the carrier in writing within six days from the
receipt of the goods.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
2 System Description
The reduction of CO2 and other power generating emissions polluting the environment
becomes more and more pressing. Regenerative power generation can be an important
contribution to this. Especially the direct conversion of solar radiation to electric power
(Photovoltaic) has an eminent, worldwide importance.
2.1 Function of a Mains-Connected Solar PV Plant
The DC generated in a solar generator is converted by a so-called "Mains Connection
Device" or "Inverter" to mains-conforming AC, and is supplied directly to the household
mains, which in turn is connected to the public power supply grid.
In the house it supplies all connected electricity consumers (household appliances,
lamps, etc.). In case of insufficient solar power supply, additional power is automatically
taken from the public grid to secure the operation of all connected devices. Surplus solar
power not needed in the household is supplied directly to the public grid, and is made
available for other electricity consumers in this way.
2.2 Key Component Inverter
The DC from the solar cells must be converted to mains-synchronous AC, before it is
supplied to the household mains connected with the public grid. The string inverter con-
nects only a small number of solar modules in series to the public grid (this is called a
string). In this way, even quite large solar generators can be composed from many small
strings, each equipped with a string inverter of its own. The interconnection resp. power
collection takes place on AC side. This means that the expensive DC distribution of for-
mer photovoltaic plants can be omitted, and that additional planning is nearly not neces-
sary any more for the installation of such plants.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The string inverter to be installed for this purpose should meet the following re-
quirements:
• High efficiency, especially in the partial load range
• Microprocessor-equipped operation control for automatic working point opti-
mization of the solar generator (Maximum Power Point Tracking)
• Personnel protection (avoidance of dangerous contact voltages) during instal-
lation and operation
• Operation in accordance with the regulations of the power utilities
• Avoidance of reactive power (phase shift between current and voltage) and
harmonic currents
• Fully automatic operation
• Simple installation (One-Man installation, standard terminals, etc.)
• Low investment
• Modularity for later plant enlargement
• User information concerning the most important operating states via integrated
LEDs
• Automatic failure diagnosis and indication via LEDs
• Simple solar generator design, simple cable layout
• Transmission of measured values and operating states via mains lead to a PC
The string inverter SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 ideally meets the above mentioned requi-
rements.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
2.3 The String Inverter SWR 700 and SWR 850
The experience from more than 3,000 mains-connected photovoltaic plants in Germany
in the power range from one to some hundreds of kilowatts have shown that the system
installations in PV plants with central inverters come up to 50 % of the plant expenses.
To significantly reduce these system costs - i.e. expenses for cabling on DC side, for the
inverter, and for the distribution on AC side - and to drastically simplify the installation of
photovoltaic plants were the starting points for the development of the string inverter
SWR 700. Later on the SWR 850 followed.
In cooperation with the Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik (ISET) and the
Institut für Elektrische Energietechnik (IEE) of the University Gesamthochschule Kassel,
SMA Regelsysteme GmbH has developed a modular system, the basic unit of which is
the string inverter SWR 700 resp. SWR 850.
The string inverter SWR 700/850 is a consequent improvement, based on the rich ex-
perience of SMA with photovoltaic mains connection devices. To give some numbers,
SMA has built more than 20 MW installed inverter power, which means more than 6000
devices with a power from 1000 W up to 500 kW.
With the string inverter SWR 700/850, a new, significantly simpler and less expensive
system technology for the mains connection of photovoltaic plants will prevail.
2.3.1 Design
A simple, absolutely robust construction with high efficiency and extreme availability
characterizes the power unit. The photovoltaic DC is converted via a MOSFET bridge
circuit in an intermediate AC circuit with high frequency (20 kHz). From there the supply
to the mains is carried out directly via a ring core transformer. The nominal power of the
SWR 700 is dimensioned for the series connection of up to 10 PV modules (36 to 40
cells each). Regarding the PV generator power to be connected, the SWR 700 can be
re-configured so that even low PV generator power can be connected;
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
the SWR 850 can only be operated in one voltage range. In all cases, the PV modules
are getting wired using the simple series connection.
Fig 2.1: Block diagram of the string inverter SWR 700 resp. SWR 850
The control of the supplied current via a one-chip computer guarantees absolutely sinu-
soidal curve shapes and extremely low distortion. The operation control serves for fully
automatic operation and the MPP-tracking. Unneccessary losses during idle as well as
feeding operation are avoided.
The heat dissipator is so large that the nominal power of the SWR 700 can permanently
be supplied, even in environments with high ambient temperatures (e.g. installation di-
rectly under the roof). In spite of generous dimensioning of the heat dissipator of the
SWR 850 the supervision of the heat dissipator's temperature is integrated that means
the SWR 850 decreases the power in case of inadmissible temperatures.
Besides the pure operation control, there is the possibility to put out data and to receive
commands and data. This makes the Sunny Boy universally applicable: As well as au-
tonomically working single device as in the frame of a large PV plant, the operation of
which is to be be supervised and evaluated from one center.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The mains is getting supervised by two parallely working, independent one-chip micro-
computers; it fully complies with the new supply regulations of the VDEW and the em-
ployers' association (mains impedance measurement, disconnection device). This me-
ans that the Sunny Boy can be connected to the household mains nearly everywhere in
the house. The result is simplest installation.
The SWR 700 has a metal case with the protection type IP65. This high protection type
and the extended temperature range make possible the installation at any place (loft,
outdoors, etc.).
Even for small PV plants, personnel protection is a vital feature: The galvanic separation
of mains and PV generator, and the supervision of insulation are a proven conception
for this. Of course, the German resp. European regulations concerning electro-magnetic
induction (EMI), harmonic distortions, etc. are met so that the device can be used
without problems all over the world.
2.3.2 Mains Disconnection Device
This chapter deals with the safe mains disconnection of inverters in case of a public grid
disconnection on side of the utility. This means that an absolute protection of electricians
and other workers must be guaranteed in case the utility disconnects a part of the public
electric grid, e.g. for maintenance works. For this purpose, a new protection concept
exists, proposed by the employers' associations, which has become part of the VDEW
regulations in 8/94.
The string inverter SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 (Sunny Boy) is only to be used in parallel
operation with the mains. For safe disconnection during mains disconnections etc., and
to avoid isolated operation, the SWR 700 as well as the SWR 850 are equipped with an
automatic disconnection device as standard.
SWR700-14:EE - 13 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
This device is an "Automatic Disconnection Device for Household Generating
Plants with a Nominal Power ≤ 4.6 kVA with One-Phase Parallel Supply to the
Public Supply Grid via Inverter".
Important is that the automatic disconnection device consists of two independent devi-
ces for mains supervision, each equipped with a disconnector, connected in series for
maximum protection. This device permanently supervises the quality of the connected
grid via checking its voltage, frequency, and impedance. The redundant design and an
automatic self-test before each connection to the mains guarantee its safe function.
Whilst earlier disconnection devices did only check the voltage of the interconnected
three-phase mains, the new conception mainly uses the mains impedance resp. the
mains impedance alterations in the one-wire mains (feeding phase) as a measured va-
lue for disconnection. In addition, voltage and frequency in the one-wire mains are also
checked. If the mains impedance alters by a certain value in a certain time (_ ZAC ≥ 0.5
Ω), or if it exceeds a maximum value (ZAC ≥ 1.75 Ω), the inverter will be disconnected
from the mains within 5 s.
Equally, the inverter must not be connected to the mains if a maximum impedance value
is exceeded (ZAC < 1.25 Ω).
In case the mains voltage exceeds or falls short of certain values (-15/+10 % UN), the
disconnection from the mains must take place within 0.2 s.
Frequency deviations above a certain range (± 0.2 Hz at UN -30/+15 %) must equally
cause a mains disconnection within 0.2 s.
The new conception realized in the SWR 700/850 reaches maximum safety. Never-
theless, the installation expenditure for the owner of a solar plant is drastically reduced,
because now a one-phase connection of the inverter suffices.
The basic concept of the mains disconnection device is based on measuring the grid
impedance (internal resistance of the public supply grid) besides voltage and frequency.
SWR700-14:EE - 14 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
The grid impedance is measured by every Sunny Boy just at the place where it is con-
nected to the mains.
The measured grid impedance is composed from the impedance of the public grid and
the mains impedance in the house (from the house connection to the SWR 700/850). A
high grid impedance increase caused by the connection lead to the SWR 700/850 must
therefore be avoided.
We recommend not to exceed an impedance increase of about 0.5 Ω due to the con-
nection lead between house connection and SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 (further notes
are given in chapter 3.4.3.2, Mains Connection).
The VDEW regulations prescribe a type test, which must be carried out by the inverter
manufacturer at a qualified testing authority. Furthermore, the manufacturer has to
check the function of the mains disconnection device of every unit before delivery. For
the user of a solar plant this means that no time-consuming disconnection test by the
utility and the installer is necessary at the site, and the formerly prescribed repeated
tests are cancelled.
The decisive arguments for the omission of repeated tests are the redundant design and
the recurring self-test of the disconnection device. During every new mains connection
the orderly function of the mains supervision is to be checked, and it is to be guaranteed
that the appertaining switching devices (transistor bridge, relay) are working and able to
disconnect the load circuit. In case of a negative test result, the complete self-test will be
repeated. If the negative result occurs again, the disconnection device has to be che-
cked by a specialist. That's why the operation will be locked in this case, which will be
indicated to the user via lighting the failure LED (yellow) and switching off the operation
LED (green). This operation state will be recorded, and cannot be left via simple swit-
ching operations from the outside (signals via the serial interface, resetting the internal
computers, switching off and on the device, etc.). This makes sure that only authorized
specialists can unlock the device for feeding action after testing the disconnection devi-
ce.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
In short the new mains disconnection conception realized in the SWR 700/850 stands
out for the following features:
• Maximum safety
• Simpler and less expensive installation (one-phase)
• No expensive single device test for the user
• No repeated tests needed
2.3.3 Diagnosis and Communication
The conception of modular PV system technology leads to a spatially distributed place-
ment of string inverters SWR 700/850. A simple and fast function check via status and
measured value monitoring of each SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 is offered optionally; it
takes place centrally on a PC using the Windows-program Sunny Data.
The signal transmission between the PC and all inverters takes place via the existing
mains leads (by using a power line modem integrated in the SWR 700/850) so that no
additional signal lines are necessary. The communication supports the following functi-
ons:
• Continuous acquisition of operation data of all connected string inverters and
their PV module groups
• Supervision of operating states and failure indication
• Online measured data transmission from one selectable SWR 700/850
• Identification of faulty strings
• Graphical representation of the data of one SWR 700/850, or comparison of the
data of several ones
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Communication and further processing takes place on a PC, which is connected to the
string inverters via a small plug-in modem (can be plugged in any 230 V socket). The
PC can be connected at any place, because it gets its data "from the socket".
The comfortable PC program Sunny Data from SMA offers you a fully graphical user
interface and all features of Windows. In this way Sunny Data makes available the most
comfortable interface you can get today.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3 Installation
The installation of a SWR 700/850 must be carried out by authorized
specialists. The installer must be licensed by the local power utility.
Please read the chapter "Installation" carefully.
All relevant security regulations, the technical connection regulations
of the responsible power utility, and the VDE regulations (resp. compa-
rable regulations) have to be observed.
The SWR 700/850 - Sunny Boy - is a highly integrated electronic device,
therefore sensitive to humidity within its case.
If a SWR 700 is installed outside, the air humidity must not be extreme-
ly high, especially it must not rain into the case during installation, be-
cause the air moisture would remain in the device after closing the ca-
se, which might lead to damages due to condensation on electronic
parts.
3.1 Placement of the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850
When planning a PV solar plant, the question of where to locate the inverter(s) is defini-
tely of some importance. In the following you will find some criteria, which may help you
in this decision.
Basically, the SWR 700/850 is designed for wall mounting on even ground.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Criteria for device mounting:
• Due to the high protection type IP65 the installation is possible as well indoors
as outdoors.
• If possible, do not expose the inverter to direct moisture despite IP65.
• Minimization of the line length (DC cabling) to the solar generator.
• Electric connection to the household mains possible at any place. (Caution! Ta-
ke heed of the mains impedance at the connection point, v. chapter 2.3.2 and
3.4.3.2)
• Avoid the installation in the living area, because low noise emission is possible.
• Avoid the mounting on resonant parts (e.g. thin wooden panels, plaster panels,
etc.).
• Take heed of accessibility for installation works and later servicing.
• Installation in eye-height makes possible to simply read the operating indicators
(LEDs).
Please note the following points in any case:
The mounting ground must be firm.
The ambient temperature must not fall short of resp. exceed -25 oC and
+60 oC.
Do not expose the string inverter to direct sunlight (if necessary install a
shading roof).
A minimum distance of 200 mm is to be kept to other devices, cupboards,
ceiling, etc.
The free air circulation around the case must not be obstructed.
If installing the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 in a switch cabinet etc., the air
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
circulation must be sufficient for heat dissipation.
The heat dissipator can reach a temperature of more than 60oC.
3.2 Delivered Mounting and Installation Parts
In the following you will find a list of components making possible the easy mounting and
installation of a SWR 700/850; they are included in the extent of delivery:
1 Boring jig (for a scheme of the boring jig v. fig. 3.1)
5 Screwings PG 13.5
3 Blind screwings PG 13.5
6 Counter-nuts PG 13.5
Fig. 3.1: Boring jig scheme
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.3 Device Installation
3.3.1 General Information
The SWR 700/850 is to be mounted on firm ground by means of three mounting straps.
Three fixing screws and respective dowels are needed for this, which are not part of the
delivery extent; they have to be sufficiently dimensioned. We recommend 6 mm hexa-
gonal screws and 8 mm dowels.
In case of outdoor installation use non-corroding screws. We also re-
commend to use plastic sleeves and washers between screws and
mounting straps to avoid enamel damages, because such damages
might lead to rust.
3.3.2 Mounting Preparations
The wall mounting of the Sunny Boys is carried out using three mounting straps on the
backside of the device, a diagram is shown in the following figure 3.2.
Abbildung 3.2: Wall mounting, side view
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Mounting straps: The upper two mounting straps serve for
suspension, the lower one in the middle,
which is partially visible, serves as hang-out
protection.
Hang-out protection of the
SWR 700/850: After hanging the SWR 700/850 onto the
upper screws, screw in the lower one for
hang-out protection.
3.3.3 Wall Mounting
• Mark the boring holes using the boring jig.
• After drilling the holes and putting in the dowels, screw in the upper two holding
screws till they stand out about 4 mm.
• Hang the device onto the holding screws.
• Now protect the SWR 700/850 against hang-out by screwing in the lower screw.
• Check the firm suspension of the device.
3.4 Electrical Conntection
3.4.1 General Information
After the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 is mounted it can be connected electrically.
The terminals of the solar generator and of the mains connection are both located in the
lower part of the string inverter.
Six openings in the bottom of the case are available as cable lead-ins, fitting for PG 13.5
screwings.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.2 Connecting Preparations
Remove the case lid; for this purpose the four allen screws (5 mm) on the front side ha-
ve to be removed.
On the inner side of the lid there is a flat plug connector with a yellow-
green protective earth wire. This plug is to be removed cautiously.
• Now you see before you the open connection area. You should make yourself
familiar with the three terminal areas. Equally you will find the mains fuse and
the jumpers for PV input voltage range adaptation.
− Solar generator terminals, disconnection terminals for the solar ge-
nerator (in the lower left area) - v. fig. 3.3
− Mains terminals
(in the lower middle/right) - v. fig. 3.3
− Mains fuse
(in the lower middle/right) - v. fig. 3.3
− Adaptor terminals for PV input voltage adaptation (only SWR 700)
(in the lower right) - v. fig. 3.3
− Jumpers for PV input voltage adaptation (only SWR 700)
(on the circuit board in the upper right) - v. fig. 3.3
− Varistors with thermic monitoring
(in the lower left) - v. fig. 3.3
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Fig. 3.3: Terminals in the connection box of the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850, fuse and
jumpers
3.4.2.1 Setting the PV Input Voltage Range (only SWR 700)
The SWR 850 can only be operated in the upper voltage range of 125 ...
250 V DC. Therefore the following chapter is not relevant to it.
The PV inverter SWR 700 was developed for a nominal output power of 700 W from
about 10 PV modules (36 to 40 cells) connected in series. This corresponds with the
inverter input voltage range of 125 to 250 V DC.
For solar generators with less than 10 PV modules in series there is the possibility to
adapt the PV input voltage range of the Sunny Boy respectively, so that strings with 8 or
even 6 modules (each with 36 to 40 cells) can also be connected to the Sunny Boy. This
corresponds with PV input voltage ranges of 100 to 200 or 75 to 150 V DC.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The reduction of the input voltage causes a reduction of the nominal power
of the SWR 700 to the respective degree, e.g.:
− 100 to 200 V DC results in a nominal output power of 560 W
− 75 to 150 V DC results in a nominal output power of 420 W
Under certain circumstances the SWR700 must be adapted to the
number of PV modules in a string resp. to the PV input voltage. This is
carried out by means of the adaptor terminals and two jumpers located
on the circuit board. Ex works the Sunny Boy is adapted to a range
from 125 to 250 V.
Adaptor terminals
A black-coated wire must be connected to that one of the three terminals which cor-
responds with the suitable input voltage range.
Jumpers
Several jumpers are located in the upper right of the circuit board. The two jumpers un-
der the designation 150 V and above the designation 200 V are responsible for the cor-
rect adaptation of the SWR 700 to the respective PV input voltage range.
3.4.2.1.1 125 ... 250 V PV input voltage range
Ex works this is the range set in a SWR 700
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.2.1.2 100 ... 200 V PV input voltage range
You have to carry out the adaptation by means of the adaptor terminals and the jum-
pers.
Adaptor terminals
Unfasten the lower black-coated connection wire from terminal 3 and connect it to ter-
minal 2 (v. fig. 3.4). Push a suitable screwdriver into terminal 3 (v. fig. 3.5) until the wire
comes off. Remove the wire. Now push the screwdriver into terminal 2 to open it. Put in
the connection wire and remove the screwdriver. Check whether the wire sits fast.
Fig. 3.4: Adaptor terminals: Selecting a PV input voltage range of 100 ... 200 V DC
Fig. 3.5: Handling the adaptor terminals (screwless cage tension spring terminals
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Jumpers
• For this input voltage range the jumper below the 150 V designation has to be
removed (v. fig. 3.6). This is done by simply pulling out the small plug.
• The jumper above the 200 V designation must not be removed.
Fig. 3.6: Jumpers: Jumper configuration for the PV input voltage range of
100 ... 200 V DC
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.2.1.3 75 ... 150 V PV input voltage range
You have to carry out the adaptation via the adaptor terminals and the jumpers.
Adaptor terminals
Unfasten the lower black-coated connection wire from terminal 3 and connect it to ter-
minal 1 (v. fig. 3.7). Push a suitable screwdriver into terminal 3 (v. fig. 3.5) until the wire
comes off. Remove the wire. Now push the screwdriver into terminal 1 to open it. Put in
the connection wire and remove the screwdriver. Check whether the wire sits fast.
Fig. 3.7: Adaptor terminals: Selecting a PV input voltage range of 75 ... 150 V DC
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Jumpers
• For this input voltage range the jumper above the 200 V designation has to be
removed (v. fig. 3.8). This is done by simply pulling out the small plug.
• The jumper below the 150 V designation must not be removed.
Fig. 3.8: Jumpers: Jumper configuration for the PV input voltage range of
75 ... 150 V
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.2.1.4 Setting the PV input voltage ranges - an overview
(only SWR 700)
Fig. 3.9: Connection diagram of PV input voltage ranges, adaptor terminals, and
jumpers
SWR700-14:EE - 30 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.2.2 Cable Lead-In
Six openings with the size PG 13.5 in the bottom of the device are intended for leading
the cables into the connection space of the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850. Normally, one
cable lead-in is used for the mains lead, and two or four for the plus and minus wires
from the PV solar generators (strings).
• You need two lead-ins if the complete string is already pre-connected.
• You need four lead-ins if the string is distributed to two partial generators. This
might be useful regarding safety considerations (v. also chapter 3.4.3.1).
• Now insert the necessary PG screwings into the device and fasten these with
one counter-nut each from the inner side of the device.
• Close the remaining lead-ins with one blind screwing each.
3.4.3 Cable Connection
3.4.3.1 Solar PV Generator Connection
To guarantee maximum safety from dangerous contact voltages in PV
plants, neither the plus nor the minus lead are electrically connected to the
protective earth, i.e. they are galvanically separated (via transformer) so that
normally no dangerous electric potential exists between the plus resp. minus
wire and earth potential.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The value of electrical resistance between the plus or minus lead and the earth potential
is monitored permanently by the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850. In case a resistance of 500
kΩ is fallen short of, the red LED will be lit as a warning (v. chapter 5.2, Failure Display).
Please note that the measuring circuit for insulation monitoring establishes an electric
connection between the plus and minus connections and the earth potential. Due to the
very high internal resistance of the measuring circuit (Rm ≥ 1 MΩ), a dangerous contact
voltage resulting from this can normally be excluded. Nevertheless, high-resistance
voltmeters will therefore display a voltage between the case of the SWR 700 and the
plus resp. minus lead.
The electric potential between the plus and the minus wire is danger-
ous to life. It is identical with the PV generator or string voltage.
We recommend the following procedure to keep the string voltage small du-
ring mounting and installation, and so to minimize the risk:
Divide the string to be connected to the SWR 700/850 in two electrically parted genera-
tors of identical size, which are connected in series to form one total string not before all
other installation works at the SWR 700/850 are finished. This means that you have to
lead four cables (two plus and two minus wires each with relatively low voltage poten-
tials) instead of two cables (one plus and one minus wire with high voltage potential) into
the SWR 700/850.
The voltage of one partial string may also exceed 120 V DC.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Solar generator with 10 modules in series
The number of modules can vary according to type of module.
Fig. 3.10: Diagram of complete string connection and partial string connection of e.g.
10 PV modules
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Solar generator connection terminals and disconnection terminals
The terminal block for the PV solar generator contains three disconnection terminals
and six connection terminals (v. fig. 3.11).
Never open the disconnection terminals under load, this means that
they must never be opened during feeding action of the inverter. Al-
ways disconnect the mains before opening the disconnection termi-
nals.
In any case disconnect the two disconnection terminals and the cou-
pling terminal before connecting the PV generator lines.
Fig. 3.11: Solar generator connecting terminals and isolating terminals for a solar
generator
The disconnection terminals are located on positions 1, 5, and 9 (counted from the left).
The disconnection terminals in position 1 and 9 have the function of a "main switch", this
means that the left disconnection terminals (position 1) disconnect the plus lead and the
right disconnection terminals (position 9) disconnect the minus lead. The disconnection
terminal in the middle (position 5) takes over the function of "coupling the two partial ge-
nerators.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
− left and right disconnection terminal→main switch
− middle disconnection terminal→couples the partial generators
− At first, open the disconnection terminals "main switch" and
"coupling". This can be done by inserting a screwdriver from below
into the orange plastic inset and pushing the inset forward/upward.
Note concerning the cage tension spring terminals
The cable connection terminals (position 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8) are cage tension spring
terminals. Wires with a sectional area of up to 4 mm2 can be inserted. The connection is
carried out by pushing a suitable screwdriver into the terminal until it opens and the wire
can be put in (v. fig. 3.12). Flexible wires (strand) do not need end sleeves.
Fig. 3.12: Handling the solar generator and mains connecting terminals (screwless
cage tension spring terminals)
3.4.3.1.1 Connection of one total string (full string voltage, max.
250 V DC)
The middle disconnection terminal (position 5), "coupling" is not used.
− At first connect the plus lead.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
− Lead the plus cable of the string through the appropriate cable screwing
into the connection area of the SWR 700/850. Connect the plus wire to the
plus terminal (position 2).
− Lead the minus cable of the string through the appropriate cable screwing
into the connection area of the SWR 700/850. Connect the minus wire to
the minus terminal (position 8).
− Screw fast the cable seal of the PG screwing.
− Check the fast fit of the connections.
Fig. 3.13: Connecting scheme with a complete string (full string voltage, 10 modules
here only as example)
3.4.3.1.2 Connection of two partial strings (series connection, par-
tial string voltage, both strings in series max. 250 V DC)
Begin with the plus lead:
− Lead the plus cable of partial string 1 through the appropriate cable scre-
wing into the connection area of the SWR 700/850. Connect the plus wire
of partial string 1 to the plus terminal (position 2).
− Lead in the minus cable of partial string 1 and connect it to the minus ter-
minal (position 4).
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
− In the same way you connect the plus wire of partial string 2 to the plus
terminal (position 6).
− After this connect the minus wire of partial string 2 to the minus terminal
(position 8).
− Screw fast the cable seal of the PG screwing.
− Check the fast fit of the connections.
Fig. 3.14: Connecting scheme with 2 partial strings (series connection, partial string
voltage, 10 modules here only as example)
3.4.3.1.3 Parallel Strings
In the development of the string inverter SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 we have made all
efforts to consider even future developments in the PV module technology. Due to the-
se, the SWR 700/850 is capable of accepting a higher input current than that of present
standard modules.
This has lead some owners to connect two strings in parallel to one SWR 700 resp.
SWR 850. Because this connection variant is possible on principle, the connection
scheme is described in the following. The connection has to be carried out similar to the
one-string variant described above.
SWR700-14:EE - 37 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Fig. 3.15: Parallel connection with two complete strings (full string voltage, 10 modu-
les here only as example)
Fig. 3.16: Parallel connection with 2 strings distributed to 2 partial generators each
(series connection, partial string voltage, 10 modules here only as example)
SWR700-14:EE - 38 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
3.4.3.2 Mains Connection
The mains connection of a SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 has to be carried out with three wires (L, N, PE).
We recommend to use for the electric circuit (line protection element) a 16 A
(if possible, also a 10 A) fuse NEOKIT from the company Linder or a m.c.b.
with D- or K-characteristic. The relevant regulations (among others as to se-
lectivity) have to be met depending on the local conditions.
In order to meet the supply connection conditions as to ENS (v. chapter 2.3.2, Mains disconnection device [ENS]) the impedance value of the inverter should be smaller than
1 Ω under any circumstances.
The impedance value consists of system impedance at the incoming main
feeder box and all resistance values of all further mains and clamping points.
Remark: The resistance values of a main, e.g.
20 m, 1.5 mm2correspond to approx.0.48 Ω
or 35 m, 2.5 mm2correspond to approx.0.50 Ω
The mains connection terminals are designed for wires with a sectional area of up to 4 mm2.
• Check whether the device and the mains line is dead (no voltage) before you
lead in the mains cable.
• Lead in the bare lead and connect the wires one after the other (PE first, N, L).
SWR700-14:EE - 39 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
The connection terminals are cage tension spring terminals, they can be opened by
pushing in a suitable screwdriver (v. fig. 3.12).
• Check the fast fit of the wires.
• Screw fast the cable seal of the PG screwing.
SWR700-14:EE - 40 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
4 Putting into Operation
4.1 General Information
After all electrical connection works are carried out, the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 can
be switched on for the first time.
• Please check that no objects are laid down on the case of the SWR 700/850
during operation.
A heat dissipator is located on top of the SWR 700/850, which can have a
temperature of more than 60 oC. Caution, danger of burning.
4.2 Before the First Switching On
Before you switch on the device for the first time, check the correct polarity of the con-
nection of the PV solar generator for your safety:
• In case the connected string is divided in two partial strings, first connect the
"coupling" disconnection terminal (position 5).
• Now check the correctness of the solar generator voltage at the plus terminal
(position 2) and the minus terminal (position 8) with a voltmeter.
• If the measurements show the correct polarity, you can connect the "main
switch" disconnection terminals (positions 1 and 9).
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
• Now shut the device by carefully mounting the front lid with four allen screws.
Do not forget to connect the yellow-green protective earth lead (PE) via
its flat plug to the inner side of the lid before mounting it.
Check the fast fit of the lid seal.
Do not forget to connect the yellow-green protective earth lead (PE) via
its flat plug to the inner side of the lid before mounting it.
Check the fast fit of the lid seal.
• Switch on the mains.
If the input voltage suffices, the Sunny Boy will start its fully automatic operation, and will
feed solar power to the mains depending on the solar radiation.
In designing the Sunny Boy we have taken heed of keeping the internal consumption as
low as possible, nevertheless it internally consumes a maximum of 4 W, which are
supplied by the solar generator.
Please note that the solar generator is 'loaded' even in case of very low solar radiation,
due to the internal consumption of the Sunny Boy, so that you will not notice the idling
voltage of the solar generator. The internal consumption will be relatively neglectible as
soon as the solar radiation increases.
• The operation display of the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 consists of three 3 LEDs
(Light Emitting Diodes). The meaning of these is described in chapter 5.
SWR700-14:EE - 42 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
5 Operation and Failure Display
General
The SWR 700/850 works fully automatic and maintenance-free on principle. For e-
xample, the device switches off completely in the night, when solar supply is impossible.
With the first sunbeam on the next morning the SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 will start up
fully automatic, and will feed power to the mains as soon as the radiation suffices. If the
solar radiation is not sufficient, the device will wait for better conditions in idle state.
During the first starting procedure every day the SWR 700/850 carries out a number of
internal and specified safety tests unnoticed by the user.
A display consisting of three LEDs indicates the relevant operating states.
There are two indications calling the user or installer to further acting. They are descri-
bed in the following chapter 5.2.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Abbildung 5.1: Partial front view of the SWR 700, SWR 850 identical
Signs and symbols for the following text:
LED is on ⊗ LED is off
LED is blinking State not defined
5.1 Operation Display
Switched off during the night
Operation ⊗
Earth fault ⊗ All LEDs are off
Failure ⊗
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 is switched off during the night.
This operation state is reached when the string voltage at the in-
verter is too low for feeding, UPV < ca. 50 V
Operation
Earth fault All LEDs are lit
Failure
The SWR 700/850 is in a transition state, e.g before the first fee-
ding in the morning. The inverter string voltage is between a-
bout 50 V and 70 V. Power supply is already sufficient for the in-
ternal grid, but not sufficient for mains supply. Communication
with Sunny Data is also not possible yet.
Operation
Operation Green LED is lit
Earth fault
Failure
The SWR 700/850 is in one of its normal operation states, which
may be:
− Feeding operation
− Inverter shut-down
− Idling operation
− Inverter start-up
SWR700-14:EE - 45 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Manual stop
Operation Green LED is blinking
Earth fault
Failure
The SWR 700/850 is in a stop-state chosen by the user, it can be
activated via the program Sunny Data.
5.2 Failure Display
Mains failure
Operation Green LED is blinking
Earth fault
Failure Yellow LED is lit
The SWR 700/850 is in a stop-state due to missing mains voltage
or exceeding of the mains impedance (v. chapter 2.3.2, Mains
disconnection device). This state will be reached, if the mains po-
wer supply is broken down due to some reason (e.g. your power
utility has switched off the supply for some time, or the supply is
broken down due to a thunderstorm).
As soon as the mains voltage reappears, the device will start up
again into one of the normal operation states.
If you ever notice this failure display although you are sure that the
power supply in your house is okay, let a specialist check the mains
connection of your SWR 700/850.
The mains fuse in the device should be checked (v. fig. 3.3).
SWR700-14:EE - 46 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Before checking the mains fuse disconnect the device on mains side.
If the failure remains being displayed although mains power is
supplied to the SWR 700/850, the reason for this might be too
high mains impedance. This is possible if the lead diameter is too
small for the lead length.
To check the mains impedance it is recommended to evaluate it
by using Sunny Data. If the value is too high (ZAC ≥ 1,25 Ω), the
SWR 700/850 cannot feed to the mains. In this case you should
use leads with a greater diameter.
Failure, a specialist must be called in
Operation ⊗ Green LED is off
Earth fault
Failure Yellow LED is lit
The device is in a state from which it cannot switch over to a nor-
mal operation state. Presumably the device is defective.
A specialist must check the device.
Isolation fault, a specialist should be called in
Operation
SWR700-14:EE - 47 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Earth fault Red LED is lit
Failure
The inverter indicates an earth fault via the red LED, a state,
which is only getting indicated, but does not lead to a device shut-
down. Therefore it can be indicated together with other displays.
There are two possible reasons for earth fault indication. There
may be an insulation fault in the PV generator connection, or at
least one of the thermic-monitored varistors on DC input side has
become highly resistant and is therefore without function.
In the following you will find a description how you can find out
which fault it is.
• Insulation fault
There is an insulation fault in the solar generator or in its connections, i.e. the plus
or minus line, or one of the PV modules has a conductive connection (< 500
kOhm) with earth potential.
Due to safety reasons it is urgently recommended to let a specialist check
and repair the cause of the isolation fault.
A low-resistant connection between the plus or minus lead and the earth potential,
which is indicated as isolation fault, increases the possibility of dangerous contact
currents in case of touching only one point with DC potential. This means that if
you touch any electrical connection of the solar generator you might get an electric
shock, because usually you are connected to earth potential yourself.
• Thermic-monitored varistors
Thermic-monitored varistors are installed on DC input side of the SWR 700/850 -
Sunny Boy - (plus and minus line each against PE), which have the task to protect SWR700-14:EE - 48 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
the inverter from athmospheric overvoltages (effects of the electric potential of
thunderstorm clouds or remote lightning strokes).
After thermic-monitored varistors (a thermic-monitored varistor is a series circuit of
a varistor and a thermic fuse) have released several times, they may enter a state
of high resistance, which disables their protective function. This state is indicated
via a lit earth fault LED.
In any case we recommended to let a specialist replace the thermic-monito-
red varistors.
• Fault analysis
The red LED indicates both states mentioned above. In the following is described,
how a specialist can find out the actual fault.
This is a brief description. You should also consider all relevant hints in chapters
3.4 'Electrical Connection', and chapter 4 'Putting into Operation'.
− Disconnect the inverter from the mains.
− Open the device and disconnect all poles of the inverter from the PV gene-
rator via the disconnection terminals.
− Unfasten and remove the two thermic-monitored varistors V1 and V2 (v.
fig. 5.2) using a suitable screwdriver.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
• The thermic-monitored varistors are installed in a terminal strip on the main bo-
ard (lower left, v. fig. 3.3).
− Bridge terminals 2 and 3 each (v. fig. 5.2).
− Re-connect the PV generator by re-connecting the disconnection terminal.
− Re-connect the mains.
• In case the red LED is not lit now, read on under A, in case it is lit, read on un-
der B.
A The red LED is not lit. At least one of the thermic-monitored varistors is defective.
We recommend to replace both varistors with replacement parts, which you can
only purchase from the manufacturer.
Fig. 5.2: Thermic-monitored varistors
Please note that the thermic-monitored varistors are not available on the market, but are especially designed for the SWR 700/850 - Sunny Boy.
B The red LED is still lit. Proceed as follows:
− Disconnect the inverter from the mains.
− Open the device and disconnect all poles of the inverter from the PV gene-
rator via the disconnection terminals.
− Remove the two bridges 2-3, and connect the two terminals 2 via a bridge.
− Connect the PV generator and the mains several times.
SWR700-14:EE - 50 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
• If the red LED is still lit, the device is defective and must be repaired by the ma-
nufacturer.
If the red LED goes out, there is an insulation fault in the PV generator resp. in the connecting lines.
− Disconnect the inverter from the mains.
− Open the device and disconnect all poles of the inverter from the PV gene-
rator via the disconnection terminals.
− Now localize the insulation fault by means of suitable measurements, and
repair it.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
6 Technical Data
6.1 SWR 700
Input values (solar generator)
Input voltage range: UPV 125 .. 250 V DC
(corresponds with 700 WPACnom)
changeable to 100 .. 200 V DC
(corresponds with 560 WPACnom)
or
75 .. 150 V DC
(corresponds with 420 WPACnom)
(corresponds with ca. 10, 8 or 6 PV modules with 36 to 40 cells each in a temperature
range from -10°C to +70°C)
Depending on the installed PV modules it is necessary to check whether the input volta-
ge remains within the selected range for the above mentioned temperatures. This
means that the no-load voltage of the connected string must not exceed the respective
input voltage at -10°C (UO -10°C < maximum input voltage range). The MPP voltage of the
connected string must not fall short of the respective input voltage range at +70°C (UMPP
+70°C > minimum input voltage range).
Input current: IPVnom depending on the input voltage
ca. 3.1 to 6.2 A
The inverter SWR 700 Sunny Boy is able to feed a maximum output power of 700 W to
the mains.
SWR700-14:EE - 52 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
The maximum input current the inverter can receive depends on the respective input
voltage.
The inverter cannot be damaged in case a solar generator supplies mo-
re than the maximum usable input current, if the input voltage remains
within the admissible range.
Fig. 6.1: Input current as a function of input voltage
All-pole disconnection device
on DC input side yes
Thermic-monitored varistors
on DC input side yes
Voltage ripple: Uss < 5 %
Earth fault detection: yes
Protection from confusing the poles: yes, via short-circuit diode
Short-circuit proof: on mains side via current
control
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Output values (mains connection)
Nominal output power: PACnom 700 W, 560 W, 420 W
Working range, mains voltage: UAC 196 - 253 V AC
Working range, mains frequency: fAC 49.8 - 50.2 Hz
Output current distortion factor: KIAC < 3 % (at KUmains < 2 %, PAC > 0.5 PACnom)
Phase shift factor: Cos ϕ 1
EMC: EN 50081, part 1
EN 50082, part 1
Mains retroaction: EN 60555, EN 55014
Test voltage: 1.5 kV
Mains supervision: automatic disconnection
device according to VDEW
Certification
Conformity certificate according to VDEW
including disconnection device: yes
CE conformity certificate: yes
Power consumption
Internal consumption during operation: ca. 4 W
Internal consumption during night operation: 0 W
Efficiency
Max. efficiency: ηmax ≥ 93 %
Protection type
SWR700-14:EE - 54 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Protection type acc. to DIN 40050/IEC 529: IP65
Size and weight
Size (W x H x D): ca. 322 x 290 x 180 mm
Weight: ca. 18.5 kg
Environmental conditions
Admissible ambient temperature range: -25 oC to +60 oC
Admissible relative air humidity: 0 .. 93 %, non-condensing
Diagnosis and Communication
Measured values: solar generator voltage UPV
mains voltage UAC
mains frequency fAC
output power PAC
output current IAC
working hours h
energy (kWh) E
operation mode
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Fig. 6.2: Efficiency curve and current and voltage form of the SWR 700
Technical alterations and improvements of the device reserved.
SWR700-14:EE - 56 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Parameter list
Sunny Data gets all parameters when setting the SWR 700. The following table shows
the parameter list.
No. Name Unit Range Default values
(for PV input voltage)
Alteration
possible by ...
von... bis... 125..250V 100..200V 75..150V
1 SMA-SN fixed
2 Upv-Start* 125.0 150.0
V 100.0 250.0 125.0 installer
75.0 95.0
3 T-Start s 5.0 300.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 installer
4 Upv-Stop* 121.0 120.0
V 98.0 250.0 97.0 installer
73.0 72.0
5 T-Stop s 1.0 300.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 installer
6 Usoll-Konst 125.0 140.0
V 100.0 250.0 140 installer
75.0 140
23 I-NiTest mA 0 6000 4500 4000 3000 installer
28 Uac-Min V 180 300 198 198 198 installer
29 Uac-Max V 180 300 251 251 251 installer
30 Fac-Min Hz 49 51 49,81 49,81 49,81 installer
31 Fac-Max Hz 49 51 50,19 50,19 50,19 installer
32 Zac-Max mOhm 0 20000 1700 1700 1700 installer
33 dZac mOhm 0 2000 350 350 350 installer
43 Hardware-BFS Version fixed
44 Software-BFR Version fixed
45 Software-SRR Version fixed
49 Ue-Trafo 0.34 0.27 0.20 SMA
68 Operation mode Mpp-operation
Mpp-operation
Mpp-operation
installer
69 Recording funct. no no no installer * For proper service condition of the Sunny Boy Upv-Start mut be larger than Upv-Stop.
SWR700-14:EE - 57 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
6.2 SWR 850
Input values (solar generator)
Input voltage range: UPV 125 - 250 V DC
(corresponds with 850 WPACnom)
(corresponds with ca. 10, 8 or 6 PV modules with 36 to 40 cells each in a temperatur
range from -10 °C bis +70 °C)
Depending on the installed PV modules it is necessary to check whether the input volta-
ge remains within the selected range for the above mentioned temperatures. This
means that the no-load voltage of the connected string must not exceed the input volta-
ge at -10 °C (UO -10 °C < maximum input voltage range). The MPP voltage of the connec-
ted string must not fall short of the input voltage range at +70 °C (UMPP +70 °C > minimum
input voltage range).
Input current: IPVnom depending on the input voltage
ca. 3.7 to 7.3 A
The inverter SWR 850 Sunny Boy is able to feed a maximum output power of 850 W to
the mains.
The maximum input current the inverter can receive depends on the respective input
voltage.
The inverter cannot be damaged in case a solar generator supplies mo-
re than the maximum usable input current, if the input voltage remains
within the admissible range.
SWR700-14:EE - 58 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Fig. 6.3: Input current as a function of input voltage
All-pole disconnection device
on DC input side yes
Thermic-monitored varistors
on DC input side yes
Voltage ripple: Uss < 5 %
Earth fault detection: yes
Protection from confusing the poles: yes, via short-circuit diode
Short-circuit proof: on mains side via current control
Output values (main connection)
Nominal output power: PACnom 850 W
Working range, mains voltage: UAC 196 - 253 V AC
Working range, mains frequency: fAC 49.8 - 50.2 Hz
Output current distortion factor: KIAC < 3 %
(at KUmains < 2 %, PAC > 0.5 PACnom)
Phase shift factor: Cos ϕ 1
SWR700-14:EE - 59 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
EMC: EN 50081, part 1
(EN 55014)
EN 50082, part 1
Mains retroaction: EN 60555
Test voltage: 1.5 kV
Mains supervision: automatic disconnection device
according to VDEW
Certification
Conformity certificate according to VDEW
including disconnection device: yes
CE conformity certificate: yes
Power consumption
Internal consumption during operation:ca. 4 W
Internal consumption during night operation:0 W
Efficiency
Max. efficiency: ηmax ≥ 93 %
Protection type
Protection type acc. to DIN 40050/IEC 529: IP65
Size and weight
Size (W x H x D): ca. 322 x 290 x 180 mm
Weight: ca. 18.5 kg
Environmental conditions
SWR700-14:EE - 60 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Admissible ambient temperature range: -25 oC to +60 oC
Admissible relative air humidity: 0 ... 93 %, non condensing
Diagnosis and communication
Measured values: solar generator voltage UPV
mains voltage UAC
mains frequency fAC
output power PAC
output current IAC
working hours h
energy (kWh) E
operation mode
Fig. 6.4: Efficiency curve and current and voltage form of the SWR 850
Technical alterations and improvements of the device reserved.
SWR700-14:EE - 61 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
Parameter list
Sunny Data gets all parameters when setting the SWR 850. The following table shows
the parameter list.
No. Name Unit Range Default values
(for PV input voltage)
Alteration
possible by ...
from.. to... 125..250V
1 SMA-SN fixed
2 Upv-Start* V 125.0 250.0 160.0 installer
3 T-Start s 5.0 300.0 10.0 installer
4 Upv-Stop* V 121.0 250.0 120.0 installer
5 T-Stop s 1.0 300.0 2.0 installer
6 Usoll-Konst V 125.0 250.0 140.0 installer
23 I-NiTest mA 0 6000 4500 installer
28 Uac-Min V 180 300 198 installer
29 Uac-Max V 180 300 251 installer
30 Fac-Min Hz 49 51 49.81 installer
31 Fac-Max Hz 49 51 50.19 installer
32 Zac-Max mOhm 0 20000 1700 installer
33 dZac mOhm 0 2000 350 installer
43 Hardware-BFS Version fixed
44 Software-BFR Version fixed
45 Software-SRR Version fixed
49 Ue-Trafo 0.34 SMA
68 Operation mode Mpp operation installer
69 Recording funct. none installer
* For proper service condition of the Sunny Boy Upv-Start must be larger than Upv-Stop.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
7 Sunny Data
7.1 General Information
The conception of modular PV systems leads to a spatially distributed placement of
string inverters SWR 700 resp. SWR 850. An easy and fast function check by means of
status monitoring and measured value acquisition of every SWR 700/850 is carried out
centrally (as a rule via the mains) on a PC with the Windows program Sunny Data.
7.2 Data Transmission
7.2.1 Data Transmission via Mains Lead
Usually, the signal transmission between the PC and all inverters takes place simply via
the existing mains leads (using the power line modem integrated in the SWR 700 resp.
SWR 850 and a plug-in modem for the PC) so that no additional data lines are needed
(v. fig. 7.1). The PC can be located anywhere because it receives data from any mains
socket. Precondition for trouble-free operation is that the inverter(s) and the plug-in mo-
dem for the PC are connected to the same lead (same phase) of the household mains.
If Sunny Boys and the plug-in modem are connected to different leads, a so-called pha-
se coupler will make possible communication within the whole household mains. This
phase coupler can be purchased from SMA; it must be installed by a specialist in the
household distribution.
Further limitations of power line data transmission are described in chapters
7.2.2 and 8.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Fig. 7.1: Data transmission via mains cable
7.2.2 Data Transmission via Separate Data Line
In electric grids with strong high-frequency load, e.g. in an industrial environment, it may
happen that power line data transmission is not possible due to the strong harmonic
distortion. In this case there is the possibility to carry out the communication between
the inverter(s) and the PC via a separate data line.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
7.2.2.1 Data Line (RS232)
If only one SWR 700 resp. SWR 850 is to be connected to a PC, the easiest variant is
their direct connection via a RS232 interface. In this case the maximum data line length
between the Sunny Boy and the PC is about 12 m.
Fig. 7.2: Data transmission via separate data line, one SWR 700 resp. SWR 850
SWR700-14:EE - 65 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
7.2.2.2 Data Line (RS485)
In case several SWR 700 or SWR 850 are to be connected to a PC in an environment
with strong harmonic distortion, a RS485 interface with separate data line should be u-
sed, which allows a data line length of up to 1200 m.
Fig. 7.3: Data transmission via separate data line, several SWR 700 or SWR 850
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
7.3 Diagnosis and Communication
The communication by means of Sunny Data makes possible the following functions:
• Continuous operation data acquisition of all connected string inverters and ap-
pertaining PV module groups
• Operation state monitoring and failure indication
• Online measured data transmission from one selected SWR 700/850
• Identification of faulty strings
• Graphical representation of the data of one SWR 700/850 or comparison of se-
veral SWR 700/850
SWR700-14:EE - 67 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
7.4 Graphical User Interface using MS Windows
The very comfortable PC program Sunny Data, which works under Windows, offers a
fully graphical user interface and all the positive features known from Windows. That's
why Sunny Data offers you the comfortable operation you can expect today.
Fig. 7.4: Graphical user interface Sunny Data
SWR700-14:EE - 68 - SMA Regelsysteme GmbH
Sunny Boy Technical Description
8 Guaranty Regulations and Liability
You have purchased a product, which was thoroughly checked before delivering. If your
device should be defective or show a malfunction during the guaranty period in spite of
it, please contact your distributor or installer.
Guaranty
The guaranty period is 12 months from the date of purchasing the device by the end
user. It ends at the latest 18 months after the delivery date at SMA, and includes all de-
fects caused by material or manufacturing faults.
The guaranty period for guaranty repairs or compensation deliveries ends 6 months af-
ter delivery, but runs at least until the expiration of the original guaranty period for the
delivered item.
Evidence
SMA will only render guaranty services, if the objected device is sent back to SMA to-
gether with a copy of the account the distributor has made out to the consumer. The
type plate at the device must be readable completely. In case of nonfulfillment SMA re-
serves the right to refuse guaranty services.
Conditions
The device will be repaired after the choice of SMA in its works without invoice of mate-
rial and work, or a replacement resp. compensation device will be delivered.
The objected device is to be sent back to SMA without charges in the original packing,
or in a transport packing of equal quality.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
The customer has to grant SMA the necessary time and opportunity to repair the de-
fects.
Exclusion of Liability
Excluded are any guaranty claims and liabilities for direct or consequential damages due
to
− transportation damages,
− faulty installation or putting into operation,
− engagements, alterations, or repairing attempts,
− inappropriate use or operation,
− unsufficient air supply to the device,
− non-observance of relevant safety regulations (VDE etc.),
− or force majeure (lightning, overvoltage, storm, fire).
We cannot guarantee the proper function of the data transmission via mains
lead (power line modem) in case it is carried out in electric grids with high
harmonic distortion resp. high-frequency line distortions like e.g. industrial
power supply grids, or in the neighborhood of irregular consumers (unscree-
ned motors, switching power supplies, converters, etc.). Furthermore, the
simultaneous operation of babyphones may lead to short-time data trans-
mission disturbances or interruptions. In case of disturbed data transmission
via mains lead, we offer alternatively a communication via separate data line
as option (RS232 or RS485, v. chapter 7.2.2).
We do not guarantee that the software is completely free from faults. In case of a fault,
an instruction how to avoid the effects of the fault is also considered as sufficient repair.
Only the customer is responsible for the correct selection, orderly use, supervision, and
the results of the use of software.
We reserve the right to make alterations serving for the improvement of the device.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
Further or other claims for direct or indirect damages, especially including claims for
damages from positive contract violation, are excluded insofar as not otherwise compel-
ling stated by law.
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
9 Enclosures
9.1 Supplement 1: Certificates for SWR 700
• SMA Conformity Certificate SWR 700
• CE Conformity Certificate SWR 700
• EMC Clearance Certificate SWR 700
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9.2 Supplement 2: Certificates for SWR 850
• SMA Conformity Certificate SWR 850
• CE Conformity Certificate SWR 850
• EMC Clearance Certificate SWR 850
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Sunny Boy Technical Description
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9.3 Supplement 3: Boring jig
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