Done by: Tan Jing Wei & Yeo Si Heng 4E1

Pollution and its harm on

Southern Islands of Singapore

Islands mainly

occupied by industries

Pulau Bukom• Shell’s oil refinery• Plants for chemical manufacturing• Chemicals and industrial wastes are

emptied into the sea.• Jurong Island• Petrochemical industries and R&D

centre are located on the island• The chemical waste from these

industries are highly toxic and poisonous

Impacts on the marine community•Death of marine lives due to change in aquatic environment

•Acid rain may occur around the area due to chemical waste improperly released into sea

•Overgrowth of algae on sea surface will prevent aquatic plants from having sufficient sunlight for growth

•Zooplanktons will have insufficient food•Marine organisms will consume poisonous substances from the chemical waste

•Due to bioaccumulation, predators (such as the omnivores) can experience chemical poisoning

•Food chain balance will be disrupted•Eventually coastal area becomes lifeless.

Counter measures•To reduce the chemical waste disposed into the sea, the government has set rules and regulations for disposal of industrial waste

•Waste disposed are treated before they are released into the sea

•This can prevent chemical poisoning of marine life forms

•And reduce damage to marine environment so that aquatic organisms can still survive in the environment

Islands focusing on

tourism

Saint John’s Island, Kusu IslandAnd Sentosa • Equipped with swimming lagoons,

beaches, picnic grounds, trekking routes and soccer fields.

• also a haven for a host of flora and fauna• popular for weekend visits• However, hotel resorts available often

lacks good sewage system and just dispose waste water into the sea.

• Tourists also litter into and dirty the sea.• Water sports and sea activities can harm

the habitats of the aquatic lives.• Lazarus Island• Possibility of over-fishing

Impacts on the marine community• Untreated water from hotel and litters thrown

into sea pollutes the water and even the ground water may be polluted

• Death of marine lives due to change in aquatic environment

• Litters such as plastic bags can trap some marine animals, causing them to suffocate and die

• Habitats for the marine life forms are destroyed as recreational services are constructed around the beach and tourists come and play.

• Food consumed by marine organisms may contain toxins due to untreated water

• Due to bioaccumulation, the toxin will have a drastic effect on the predators (such as the carnivorous fishes)

• Overfishing can led to imbalance of prey and predators in the community

• A drastic drop in predators can lead to sharp increase in the preys.

• Food chain balance will be disrupted

Counter measures• To stop tourists from inappropriate

littering and damaging the marine environment, laws can be made and enforced by the government

• Government should also ensure that all hotel resorts have proper sewage system to get rid of waste water properly

• Fishing areas should be limited to certain area only to prevent people from overfishing

• Constant check on the islands should be conducted to ensure they are not harming the marine environment

Pulau Pawai, Pulau Sudong and Pulau Senang are three islands very near one another and used for SAF and navy training. These islands are mostly covered by dense vegetation, making it a wildlife haven for migratory birds and plants alike and there are little pollution and harm to the coastline community. It is evident

from the dense population of coral reefs around the region.

Pulau Tekukor: Set up as an international centre for habitat research and its environment is under protection. If only all the marine

environment were unharmed like here…