don't swim in the pool!
TRANSCRIPT
Don't Swim in the Pool!
A case study by Robert and Lauren
Background
Skin rash infection Hotel A in Bangor Maine
February 18-27 2000 Nine people affected Stayed in either the hot tub or pool
Seven stayed in both
Patient Symptoms
Folliculitis Rash lasted 7 days or less Some had an infection of the outer ear
About the Facilities
Hot tub & pool within 5 feet of each other Separate filtration systems
Pool had automated chlorination system Hot tub levels were maintained manually During outbreak, chlorine levels were low
<1.0mg/L State requirement: 1 to 3 mg/L
Facilities were thoroughly cleaned Samples from the top of the pool filter
and draining of an ear were cultured
More About Folliculitus
Inflamed hair follicles Can occur anywhere on the skin Can be bacterial, fungal, viral, or non-
infectious Symptoms: rash, pimples/ustules, itching
skin, spreading through improper treatment
Gram Staining
Cells are added to a slide Stained with Crystal Violet, rinsed with
water Covered with Grams iodine, rinsed with
acetone-alcohol Safranin is added Gram (+) is purple; (-) is pink Patient sample is gram (-)
Selective Differential Media
Chose MacConkey Agar Only allows gram negative to grow
Contains lactose
Spread cells and allowed to grow Results
E. coli (control) was gram (-) and had lactose digestion
Patient sample couldn't digest lactose, but showed growth
Antimicrobial Susceptibility
Plate was completely covered with patient sample bacteria
Added the antibiotics: Streptomycin, Penicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Gentamicin, Vancomycin
Patient sample was resistant to everything, except intermediate to Streptomycin and sensitive to Gentamicin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Overview
Can cause disease in animals Can be found in soil, WATER, skin flora,
most man-made environments Symptoms usually include inflammation
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cell
Bacterium Aerobic Rod—shaped Single-polar flagellum Gram negative
Cell wall has thin layer of peptidoglycan and thick layer of lipopolysaccharide
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Metabolism requires little nutrients Acetate as a source for Carbon Ammonium sulfate for Nitrogen
Infecting cells Can infect respiratory and urinary
systems, too Uses virulence factor extoxin A to inhibit
protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells