dot notation. dot notation at the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. explain...

Dot NotationDot Notation

Dot NotationDot NotationAt the conclusion of our time At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able together, you should be able

to:to:

1. Explain what dot notation represents2. Do a dot notation for every element on the

periodic table

Remember: The Third Quantum Remember: The Third Quantum Number - mNumber - m

Values are –l to 0 to +lWe know what the shape looks like

from the second Quantum Number, now we know how many orientations of these shapes each sublevel has!!

The Third Quantum Number - mThe Third Quantum Number - m

Values are –l to 0 to +l, therefore: s = ___ 0

Or just 1 orientation

These electrons are represented by dots on the right side of the element’s symbol.


Values are –l to 0 to +l, therefore: p = ___ ___ ___

-1 0 +1 Or 3 orientations

These electrons are represented by dots on the top, left and bottom side of the element’s symbol.


Values are –l to 0 to +l, therefore: d = ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ -2 -1 0 1 2 or 5 orientations

These electrons are never represented by dots.

Why? You’ll see shortly.


Values are –l to 0 to +l, therefore: f = ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 or 7 orientations

These electrons are never represented by dots.

Why? You’ll see shortly.

True ConfessionsTrue Confessions

Dot Notation SummaryDot Notation Summary

1. Write the symbol of the element

2. The symbol represents all the protons, neutrons and inner energy level electrons.

3. Use dots to represent the outer most energy level electrons.

4. The right side represents the s sublevel with its one orientation.

5. The top, left and bottom represents the p sublevel with its 3 orientations.

6. The d and f sublevels are not represented.

Let’s Try HeliumLet’s Try Helium




4. 1s2

HeHe

Let’s Try HeliumLet’s Try Helium

1. The right side represents the s sublevel with its one orientation.

2. The top, left and bottom represents the p sublevel with its 3 orientations.

3. The d and f sublevels are not represented.

HeHe

A salute to the King!!

Uranium - U

Let’s Try LithiumLet’s Try Lithium

1s2 2s1




4. S is represented on the right side

LiLi

Now BerylliumNow Beryllium

1s2 2s2





BeBe

What About Boron:What About Boron:

1s2 2s2 2p1





5. The first p orientation is represented on the top

BB

What About Carbon:What About Carbon:

1s2 2s2 2p2

1. Write the symbol of the element2. The symbol represents all the

protons, neutrons and inner energy level electrons.



5. The first p orientation is represented on the top, second on the left

CC

The Electrons of the 2The Electrons of the 2ndnd Energy Level Energy Level for Carbon 1sfor Carbon 1s22 2s 2s22 2p 2p22

s = ___ p = ___ ___ ___ 0 -1 0 +1

CC

The Electrons of the 2The Electrons of the 2ndnd Energy Level Energy Level for Nitrogen 1sfor Nitrogen 1s22 2s 2s22 2p 2p33

s = ___ p = ___ ___ ___ 0 -1 0 +1

NN

WHY GOD MADE MOMSAnswers given by 2nd grade school children to

the following questions:

What would it take to make your mom perfect?

1. On the inside she's already perfect. Outside, I think some kind of plastic surgery.

2. Diet. You know, her hair. I'd diet, maybe blue.

The Electrons of the 2The Electrons of the 2ndnd Energy Level Energy Level for Oxygen 1sfor Oxygen 1s22 2s 2s22 2p 2p44

s = ___ p = ___ ___ ___ 0 -1 0 +1

OO

The Electrons of the 2The Electrons of the 2ndnd Energy Level Energy Level for Fluorine 1sfor Fluorine 1s22 2s 2s22 2p 2p55

s = ___ p = ___ ___ ___ 0 -1 0 +1

FF

The Electrons of the 2The Electrons of the 2ndnd Energy Level Energy Level for Neon 1sfor Neon 1s22 2s 2s22 2p 2p66

s = ___ p = ___ ___ ___ 0 -1 0 +1

NeNe

Let’s Move to SodiumLet’s Move to Sodium

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1





NaNa

How can you tell if a Hittite is married?

There's tobacco spit on both sides of his pickup truck.

Hittite News:

Do You See a Pattern???Do You See a Pattern???

1. Magnesium’s dot notation would be what?2. 2 dots right3. Aluminum?4. 2 dots right, 1 top5. Silicon?6. 2 dots right, 1 top, 1 left7. Phosphorous?8. 2 dots right, 1 top, 1 left, 1 bottom9. Sulfur?10. 2 dots right, 2 top, 1 left, 1 bottom

Do You See a Pattern???Do You See a Pattern???

1. Chlorine?

2. 2 dots right, 2 top, 2 left, 1 bottom

3. Neon?

4. 2 dots right, 2 top, 2 left, 2 bottom

5. Back to Potassium?

6. 1 dot right

7. Calcium?

8. 2 dots right

9. But now we come to Scandium?????

Scandium??Scandium??

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1





ScSc

Titanium??Titanium??

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2





TiTi

Vanadium??Vanadium??

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3





VV

Do You See Another Pattern???Do You See Another Pattern???

1. Chromium?

2. 2 dots right

3. Manganese?

4. 2 dots right

5. Zinc?

6. 2 dots right

7. Gallium?

8. 2 dots right, 1 top

9. And back to the p block pattern

What About the “F” Block ElementsWhat About the “F” Block Elements

Now we come to a confusing part of the periodic table.

Note that element #57, Lanthanum, is in the “d” block but the next element #58, Cerium, drops down to the “f” block.

Lanthanum would be?Lanthanum would be?

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2

5d1

2 dots right Then Cerium would be? 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2

5d1

4f1

2 dots right!!

The Rest of the 4f BlockThe Rest of the 4f Block#58 Praseodymium to #71 Lutetium??#58 Praseodymium to #71 Lutetium??

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2

5d1

4f1-14

2 dots right!!

Dot NotationDot NotationLet’s see if you can:Let’s see if you can:

1. Explain what dot notation represents2. Do a dot notation for every element on the

periodic table

Your TurnYour Turn

Let’s see if you can do the dot notation for #112, Copernicium

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2

5d1 4f14 5d10 6p1-6 7s2 6d1 5f14 6d10

2 dots right

Your TurnYour Turn

1. The s sublevel with its one orientation is where?2. 1-2 dots right3. The first orientation of the p sublevel is where?4. 1-2 dots top5. The second orientation of the p sublevel is

where?6. 1-2 dots left7. The third orientation of the p sublevel is where?8. 1-2 dots bottom9. The d and f sublevels are where?10. No where!!! Why????

H He Li Be B C N O F NeNa Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

H He Li Be B C N O F NeNa Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

The number of electrons in the outside shell.The number of electrons in the outside shell.

Life Explained.Life Explained.

On the sixth day, God created the dog. God said, “Sit all day by the door of your house and bark at anyone who comes in or walks past. I will give you a life span of twenty years.”

The dog said, "That's too long to be barking. Give me ten years and I'll give you back the other ten."

So God agreed.


Also on the sixth day God created the monkey. God said, “Entertain people, do monkey tricks, make them laugh. I'll give you a twenty-year life span.”

The monkey said, "How boring, monkey tricks for twenty years? I don't think so. Dog gave you back ten, so that's what I'll do too, okay?"

And God agreed.


Later on the sixth day God created the cow. God said, “You must go to the field with the farmer all day long and suffer under the sun, have calves and give milk to support the farmer. I will give you a life span of sixty years.“

The cow said, “That's kind of a tough life you want me to live for sixty years. Let me have twenty and I'll give back the other forty.”

And God agreed again.


Finally, on the sixth day God created man. God said, “Eat, sleep, play, marry and enjoy your life. I'll give you twenty years.

Man said, “What? Only twenty years! Tell you what, I'll take my twenty, and the forty the cow gave back and the ten the monkey gave back and the ten the dog gave back, that makes eighty, okay?“

“Okay,” said God, “You've got a deal.”


So that is why the first twenty years we eat, sleep, play, and enjoy ourselves;

for the next forty years we slave in the sun to support our family;

for the next ten years we do monkey tricks to entertain the grandchildren;

and for the last ten years we sit on the front porch and bark at everyone.

Life has now been explained to you!!!

dot notation. dot notation at the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. explain...

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