dot_ms excel basics 1.0.pdf

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EXCEL BASICS

This document is prepared by the members of DoT Club and it is intended to be distributedduring the workshop of DoT only. All the data is referred from the published sources.

Microsoft Excel

Basics


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Copyrights reserved by DoT CLUB IBS Hyderabad 2

Dot Club Workshop Material

Excel Basics

What is spreadsheet?

A spreadsheet is similar to working with tablesit has rows and columns, and the space wherethese two intersect are called cells.

What are cells?

A cell reference is its location or address within a spreadsheet and is identified by what columnit is located (which uses letters) and what row it is in (which uses numbers), such as A1 or E15.

Cells can contain text or labels, numerical information (i.e. numbers), and equations or

formulas. When entering information into a cell, Excel will try to automatically figure out whatkind of data it is (text, numbers, or formulas).

Working with Multiple CellsIt is possible to select and work with more than one cell at a time.

Mouse draggingYou can hold down the mouse button and highlight multiple cells bymoving your mouse pointer across the sheet.

Shift-clickYou can select one cell, then hold down the Shift key and click on anothercell and everything in between will be selected.

Ctrl-clickYou can select a cell, and then by holding down the Ctrl key, you can clickon other cells and select them individually.

Formulae

All formulas begin with = or basic math functiona. Simple operators(1) +(2) -(3) * multiply(4) / divide(5) ^ exponent(6) = < > comparison

b. Order of operator precedence (or Algebraic Order of Operations, for those of you as old asme!) determines what order calculations occur.

(1) Calculations do not occur from left toright.(2) 3+4*5 does not equal (3+4)*5(3) When youre not sure, use(parenthesis) to force order ofcalculation.

c. Edit via double clicking on cell, clicking on formula bar or F2


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Cell referencing

Cell reference refers to a cell or a range of cells on a worksheet and tells Microsoft Office Excelwhere to look for the values or data that you want to use in a formula. With cell references, youcan use data that is contained in different parts of a worksheet in one formula, or you can use thevalue from one cell in several formulas. You can also refer to cells on other worksheets in the

same workbook.

Some Excel Functions

SUM

Adds all the numbers in a range of cells.=SUM(number1,number2, ...)

AVERAGE

Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.=AVERAGE(number1,number2,...)

MAX

Returns the largest value in a set of values.=MAX(number1,number2,...)

MIN

Returns the smallest number in a set of values.=MIN(number1,number2,...)

PRODUCT

Multiplies all the numbers given as arguments and returns the product.=PRODUCT(number1,number2,...)

SUMPRODUCT

Multiplies corresponding components in the given arrays, and returns the sum of those products.=SUMPRODUCT(array1,array2,array3, ...)

Array1, array2, array3, ... are 2 to 255 arrays whose components you want to multiplyand then add.

STDEVA

Estimates standard deviation based on a sample. The standard deviation is a measure of howwidely values are dispersed from the average value (the mean).

=STDEVA(value1,value2,...)Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 255 values corresponding to a sample of a population. Youcan also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of arguments separated bycommas.

COVAR

Returns covariance, the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair. Use

covariance to determine the relationship between two data sets. For example, you can examinewhether greater income accompanies greater levels of education.

=COVAR(array1,array2)Array1 is the first cell range of integers.Array2 is the second cell range of integers.
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CORREL

Returns the correlation coefficient of the array1 and array2 cell ranges. Use the correlationcoefficient to determine the relationship between two properties. For example, you can examinethe relationship between a location's average temperature and the use of air conditioners.

=CORREL(array1,array2)

Array1 is a cell range of values.Array2 is a second cell range of values.

POWER

Returns the result of a number raised to a power.=POWER(number,power)Number is the base number. It can be any real number.Power is the exponent to which the base number is raised.

SQRT

Returns a positive square root.=SQRT(number)Number is the number for which you want the square root.

COUNTCounts the number of cells that contain numbers and counts numbers within the list ofarguments. Use COUNT to get the number of entries in a number field that is in a range or arrayof numbers.

=COUNT(value1,value2,...)

COUNTIF

Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria.=COUNTIF(range,criteria)Range is one or more cells to count, including numbers or names, arrays, or referencesthat contain numbers. Blank and text values are ignored.Criteria is the criteria in the form of a number, expression, cell reference, or text that

defines which cells will be counted. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32",">32", "apples", or B4.

COUNTA

Counts the number of cells that are not empty and the values within the list of arguments. UseCOUNTA to count the number of cells that contain data in a range or array.

=COUNTA(value1,value2,...)Value1, value2, ... are 1 to 255 arguments representing the values you want to count.

DCOUNTA

Counts the nonblank cells in a field (column) of records in a list or database that matchconditions that you specify.The field argument is optional. If field is omitted, DCOUNTA counts all records in the databasethat match the criteria.

=DCOUNTA(database,field,criteria)Database is the range of cells that makes up the list or database. A database is a list ofrelated data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data arefields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.Field indicates which column is used in the function. Enter the column label enclosedbetween double quotation marks, such as "Age" or "Yield," or a number (without


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quotation marks) that represents the position of the column within the list: 1 for the firstcolumn, 2 for the second column, and so on.Criteria is the range of cells that contains the conditions that you specify. You can useany range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and atleast one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

DCOUNTCounts the cells that contain numbers in a field (column) of records in a list or database thatmatch conditions that you specify.The field argument is optional. If field is omitted, DCOUNT counts all records in the databasethat match the criteria.

=DCOUNT(database,field,criteria)Database is the range of cells that makes up the list or database. A database is a list ofrelated data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data arefields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.Field indicates which column is used in the function. Enter the column label enclosedbetween double quotation marks, such as "Age" or "Yield," or a number (without

quotation marks) that represents the position of the column within the list: 1 for the firstcolumn, 2 for the second column, and so on.Criteria is the range of cells that contains the conditions that you specify. You can useany range for the criteria argument, as long as the argument includes at least one columnlabel and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for thecolumn.

ROUND

Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.=ROUND(number,num_digits)Number is the number you want to round.Num_digits specifies the number of digits to which you want to round number.

MROUNDReturns a number rounded to the desired multiple.

=MROUND(number,multiple)Number is the value to round.Multiple is the multiple to which you want to round number.

ROUNDUP

Rounds a number up, away from 0 (zero).=ROUNDUP(number,num_digits)Number is any real number that you want rounded up.Num_digits is the number of digits to which you want to round number.

TRUNC

Truncates a number to an integer by removing the fractional part of the number.=TRUNC(number,num_digits)Number is the number you want to truncate.Num_digits is a number specifying the precision of the truncation. The default value fornum_digits is 0 (zero).

SUMIF

Adds the cells specified by a given criteria.=SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range)


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Range is the range of cells that you want evaluated by criteria. Cells in each range mustbe numbers or names, arrays, or references that contain numbers. Blank and text valuesare ignored.Criteria is the criteria in the form of a number, expression, or text that defines whichcells will be added. For example, criteria can be expressed as 32, "32", ">32", or

"apples".Sum_range are the actual cells to add if their corresponding cells in range matchcriteria. If sum_range is omitted, the cells in range are both evaluated by criteria andadded if they match criteria.

SUMIFS

Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria.NOTE: The order of arguments is different between SUMIFS and SUMIF. In particular, thesum_range argument is the first argument in SUMIFS, but it is the third argument in SUMIF. Ifyou are copying and editing these similar functions, make sure you put the arguments in thecorrect order.

=SUMIFS(sum_range,criteria_range1,criteria1,criteria_range2,criteria2)

Sum_range is one or more cells to sum, including numbers or names, arrays, orreferences that contain numbers. Blank and text values are ignored.Criteria_range1, criteria_range2, are 1 to 127 ranges in which to evaluate theassociated criteria.Criteria1, criteria2, are 1 to 127 criteria in the form of a number, expression, cellreference, or text that define which cells will be added. For example, criteria can beexpressed as 32, "32", ">32", "apples", or B4.

SUMSQ

Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments.=SUMSQ(number1,number2, ...)Number1, number2, ... are 1 to 255 arguments for which you want the sum of the

squares. You can also use a single array or a reference to an array instead of argumentsseparated by commas.

Logical Functions

AND

The AND function returns TRUE if all conditions are TRUE. It returns FALSE if any of theconditions are FALSE.

=AND( condition1, [condition2], ... )condition is something that you want to test that can either be TRUE or FALSE.

OR

Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE; returns FALSE if all arguments are FALSE.=OR(logical1,logical2,...)Logical1,logical2,... are 1 to 255 conditions you want to test that can be either TRUE orFALSE.

NOT

Reverses the value of its argument. Use NOT when you want to make sure a value is not equal toone particular value.

=NOT(logical)


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Logical is a value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE.

IF

Returns one value if a condition you specify evaluates to TRUE and another value if it evaluatesto FALSE.Use IF to conduct conditional tests on values and formulas.

=IF(logical_test,value_if_true,value_if_false)Logical_test is any value or expression that can be evaluated to TRUE or FALSE. Forexample, A10=100 is a logical expression; if the value in cell A10 is equal to 100, theexpression evaluates to TRUE. Otherwise, the expression evaluates to FALSE. Thisargument can use any comparison calculation operator.Value_if_true is the value that is returned if logical_test is TRUE. For example, if thisargument is the text string "Within budget" and the logical_test argument evaluates toTRUE, then the IF function displays the text "Within budget". If logical_test is TRUEand value_if_true is blank, this argument returns 0 (zero). To display the word TRUE,use the logical value TRUE for this argument. Value_if_true can be another formula.Value_if_false is the value that is returned if logical_test is FALSE. For example, if this

argument is the text string "Over budget" and the logical_test argument evaluates toFALSE, then the IF function displays the text "Over budget". If logical_test is FALSEand value_if_false is omitted, (that is, after value_if_true, there is no comma), then thelogical value FALSE is returned. If logical_test is FALSE and value_if_false is blank(that is, after value_if_true, there is a comma followed by the closing parenthesis), thenthe value 0 (zero) is returned.

RAND

Returns an evenly distributed random real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than 1. Anew random real number is returned every time the worksheet is calculated.

=RAND( )

RANDBETWEEN

Returns a random integer number between the numbers you specify. A new random integernumber is returned every time the worksheet is calculated.

==RANDBETWEEN(bottom,top)Bottom is the smallest integer RANDBETWEEN will return.Top is the largest integer RANDBETWEEN will return.

Finance Functions

FVReturns the future value of an investment based on periodic, constant payments and a constantinterest rate.

=FV(rate,nper,pmt,pv,type)

For a more complete description of the arguments in FVRate is the interest rate per period.Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity.Pmt is the payment made each period; it cannot change over the life of the annuity.Typically, pmt contains principal and interest but no other fees or taxes. If pmt is omitted,you must include the pv argument.
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Pv is the present value, or the lump-sum amount that a series of future payments isworth right now. If pv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (zero), and you must include thepmt argument.Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due. If type is omitted, it isassumed to be 0.

PVReturns the present value of an investment. The present value is the total amount that a series offuture payments is worth now. For example, when you borrow money, the loan amount is thepresent value to the lender.

=PV(rate,nper,pmt,fv,type)Rate is the interest rate per period. For example, if you obtain an automobile loan at a10 percent annual interest rate and make monthly payments, your interest rate per monthis 10%/12, or 0.83%. You would enter 10%/12, or 0.83%, or 0.0083, into the formula asthe rate.Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity. For example, if you get afour-year car loan and make monthly payments, your loan has 4*12 (or 48) periods. You

would enter 48 into the formula for nper.Pmt is the payment made each period and cannot change over the life of the annuity.Typically, pmt includes principal and interest but no other fees or taxes. For example, themonthly payments on a $10,000, four-year car loan at 12 percent are $263.33. You wouldenter -263.33 into the formula as the pmt. If pmt is omitted, you must include the fvargument.Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment ismade. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (the future value of a loan, for example, is 0).For example, if you want to save $50,000 to pay for a special project in 18 years, then$50,000 is the future value. You could then make a conservative guess at an interest rateand determine how much you must save each month. If fv is omitted, you must include

the pmt argument.Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due.

NPER

Returns the number of periods for an investment based on periodic, constant payments and aconstant interest rate.

=NPER(rate, pmt, pv, fv, type)For a more complete description of the arguments inRate is the interest rate per period.Pmt is the payment made each period; it cannot change over the life of the annuity.Typically, pmt contains principal and interest but no other fees or taxes.Pv is the present value, or the lump-sum amount that a series of future payments is

worth right now.Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment ismade. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (the future value of a loan, for example, is 0).Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due.

IPMT

Returns the interest payment for a given period for an investment based on periodic, constantpayments and a constant interest rate.

=IPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)


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Rate is the interest rate per period.Per is the period for which you want to find the interest and must be in the range 1 tonper.Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity.Pv is the present value, or the lump-sum amount that a series of future payments is

worth right now.Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment ismade. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (the future value of a loan, for example, is 0).Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due. If type is omitted, it isassumed to be 0.

PPMT

Returns the payment on the principal for a given period for an investment based on periodic,constant payments and a constant interest rate.

=PPMT(rate,per,nper,pv,fv,type)For a more complete description of the arguments in PPMT, see PV.Rate is the interest rate per period.

Per specifies the period and must be in the range 1 to nper.Nper is the total number of payment periods in an annuity.Pv is the present value the total amount that a series of future payments is worthnow.Fv is the future value, or a cash balance you want to attain after the last payment ismade. If fv is omitted, it is assumed to be 0 (zero), that is, the future value of a loan is 0.Type is the number 0 or 1 and indicates when payments are due.

IRR

Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows represented by the numbers in values.These cash flows do not have to be even, as they would be for an annuity. However, the cashflows must occur at regular intervals, such as monthly or annually. The internal rate of return is

the interest rate received for an investment consisting of payments (negative values) and income(positive values) that occur at regular periods.

=IRR(values,guess)Values is an array or a reference to cells that contain numbers for which you want tocalculate the internal rate of return.Values must contain at least one positive value and one negative value to calculatethe internal rate of return.IRR uses the order of values to interpret the order of cash flows. Be sure to enteryour payment and income values in the sequence you want.If an array or reference argument contains text, logical values, or empty cells, thosevalues are ignored.

Guess is a number that you guess is close to the result of IRR.Microsoft Excel uses an iterative technique for calculating IRR. Starting with guess,IRR cycles through the calculation until the result is accurate within 0.00001 percent.If IRR can't find a result that works after 20 tries, the #NUM! error value is returned.In most cases you do not need to provide guess for the IRR calculation. If guess isomitted, it is assumed to be 0.1 (10 percent).If IRR gives the #NUM! error value, or if the result is not close to what youexpected, try again with a different value for guess.


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DB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the fixed-declining balancemethod.

=DB(cost,salvage,life,period,month)Cost is the initial cost of the asset.

Salvage is the value at the end of the depreciation (sometimes called the salvage valueof the asset).Life is the number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimescalled the useful life of the asset).Period is the period for which you want to calculate the depreciation. Period must usethe same units as life.Month is the number of months in the first year. If month is omitted, it is assumed tobe 12.

DDB

Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period using the double-declining balancemethod or some other method you specify.

=DDB(cost,salvage,life,period,factor)Cost is the initial cost of the asset.Salvage is the value at the end of the depreciation (sometimes called the salvage valueof the asset). This value can be 0.Life is the number of periods over which the asset is being depreciated (sometimescalled the useful life of the asset).Period is the period for which you want to calculate the depreciation. Period must usethe same units as life.Factor is the rate at which the balance declines. If factor is omitted, it is assumed to be2 (the double-declining balance method).

Note: All five arguments must be positive numbers.

LOOKUP

Returns a value either from a one-row or one-column range or from an array. The LOOKUPfunction has two = forms: the vector form and the array form.

If you want to Then see Usage

Look in a one-row or one-column range(known as a vector) for a value and return avalue from the same position in a second one-row or one-column range

Vector form Use the vector form whenyou have a large list ofvalues to look up or whenthe values may change

over time.Look in the first row or column of an arrayfor the specified value and return a valuefrom the same position in the last row orcolumn of the array

Array form Use the array form whenyou have a small list ofvalues and the valuesremain constant overtime.
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NOTE You can also use the LOOKUP function as an alternative to the IF function for

elaborate tests or tests that exceed the limit for nesting of functions.

HLOOKUP

The H in HLOOKUP stands for "Horizontal." Use HLOOKUP when your comparison values are

located in a row across the top of a table of data, and you want to look down a specified numberof rows.

= HLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, row_index_num, [range_lookup])

Lookup_value Required. The value to be found in the first row of the table.

Lookup_value can be a value, a reference, or a text string.

Table_array Required. A table of information in which data is looked up. Use a

reference to a range or a range name.

The values in the first row of table_array can be text, numbers, or logical

values.

If range_lookup is TRUE, the values in the first row of table_array must be

placed in ascending order: ...-2, -1, 0, 1, 2,... , A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise,

HLOOKUP may not give the correct value. If range_lookup is FALSE, table_array

does not need to be sorted.

Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent.

Sort the values in ascending order, left to right.

Row_index_num Required. The row number in table_array from which the

matching value will be returned. A row_index_num of 1 returns the first row value in

table_array, a row_index_num of 2 returns the second row value in table_array, and so

on. If row_index_num is less than 1, HLOOKUP returns the #VALUE! error value; if

row_index_num is greater than the number of rows on table_array, HLOOKUP returns

the #REF! error value.

Range_lookup Optional. A logical value that specifies whether you want

HLOOKUP to find an exact match or an approximate match. If TRUE or omitted, an

approximate match is returned. In other words, if an exact match is not found, the next

largest value that is less than lookup_value is returned. If FALSE, HLOOKUP will find

an exact match. If one is not found, the error value #N/A is returned.

VLOOKUP

The V in VLOOKUP stands for vertical. Use VLOOKUP instead of HLOOKUP when your

comparison values are located in a column to the left of the data that you want to find.

= VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])


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lookup_value Required. The value to search in the first column of the table or range.

The lookup_valueargument can be a value or a reference. If the value you supply for the

lookup_valueargument is smaller than the smallest value in the first column of the

table_arrayargument, VLOOKUP returns the #N/A error value.

table_array Required. The range of cells that contains the data. You can use a

reference to a range (for example, A2:D8), or a range name. The values in the first

column oftable_arrayare the values searched by lookup_value. These values can be

text, numbers, or logical values. Uppercase and lowercase text are equivalent.

col_index_num Required. The column number in the table_arrayargument from

which the matching value must be returned. A col_index_numargument of 1 returns the

value in the first column in table_array; a col_index_numof 2 returns the value in the

second column in table_array, and so on.

If the col_index_numargument is:

Less than 1, VLOOKUP returns the #VALUE! error value.

Greater than the number of columns in table_array, VLOOKUP returns

the #REF! error value.

range_lookup Optional. A logical value that specifies whether you want

VLOOKUP to find an exact match or an approximate match:

Ifrange_lookupis either TRUE or is omitted, an exact or approximate

match is returned. If an exact match is not found, the next largest value that is less

than lookup_valueis returned.

IMPORTANT Ifrange_lookupis either TRUE or is omitted, the values in the first

column oftable_arraymust be placed in ascending sort order; otherwise,

VLOOKUP might not return the correct value.

Ifrange_lookupis FALSE, the values in the first column oftable_arraydo not

need to be sorted.

If the range_lookupargument is FALSE, VLOOKUP will find only an

exact match. If there are two or more values in the first column oftable_arraythat

match the lookup_value, the first value found is used. If an exact match is not

found, the error value #N/A is returned.

Vector form

A vector is a range of only one row or one column. The vector form of LOOKUP looks in a one-row or one-column range (known as a vector) for a value and returns a value from the same


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position in a second one-row or one-column range. Use this form of the LOOKUP function whenyou want to specify the range that contains the values that you want to match. The other form ofLOOKUP automatically looks in the first column or row.

=LOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_vector,result_vector)Lookup_value A value that LOOKUP searches for in the first vector. Lookup_value can

be a number, text, a logical value, or a name or reference that refers to a value.Lookup_vector A range that contains only one row or one column. The values inlookup_vector can be text, numbers, or logical values.Note: The values in lookup_vector must be placed in ascending order: ...,-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, ...,A-Z, FALSE, TRUE; otherwise, LOOKUP may not give the correct value. Uppercaseand lowercase text are equivalent.Result_vector A range that contains only one row or column. It must be the same size aslookup_vector.

CONDITIONAL FORMATTING

By applying conditional formatting to your data, you can quickly identify variances in a range of

values with a quick glance.

This graphic shows temperature data with conditional formatting that uses a color scale to

differentiate high, medium, and low values. The following procedure uses that data.

How?

Select the data that you want to conditionally format

Apply the conditional formatting

1.

On the Home tab, in the Styles group, click the arrow next to ConditionalFormatting, and then clickColor Scales.


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2. Hover over the color scale icons to see a preview of the data with conditionalformatting applied.In a three-color scale, the top color represents higher values, the middle colorrepresents medium values, and the bottom color represents lower values. This

example uses the Red-Yellow-Blue color scale.

Experiment with the conditional formattingOn the Home tab, in the Styles group, click the arrow next to ConditionalFormatting, and then experiment with the available styles.


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Next steps

After you have applied a style, select your data, clickConditional Formatting on

the ribbon, and then clickManage Rules to manually fine-tune your rules and

formatting.For more detailed information about getting started with conditional formatting.

DATA VALIDATION

You use data validation to control the type of data or the values that users enter into a cell. For

example, you can use data validation to restrict data entry to a certain range of dates, limit

choices by using a list, or make sure that only positive whole numbers are entered.

How?

Select one or more cells to validate, and then on the Data tab, in the Data Toolsgroup, clickData Validation.

Issue: The Data Validation command is unavailable.

In the Data Validation dialog box, click the Settings tab, and then select the typeof data validation that you want.For example, if you want users to enter a 5-digit account number, in the Allowbox, select Text Length, in the Data box select equal to, and in the Length box
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type 5.

Do one or both of the following:To display an input message when the cell is clicked, click the Input

Message tab, click the Show input message when cell is selected checkbox, and then enter the input message options that you want.

To specify a response when users enter invalid data in the cell, click the

Error Alert tab, click the Show error alert after invalid data is enteredcheck box, and then enter the alert options that you want.

WHAT-IF ANALYSIS

GOAL SEEK

If you know the result that you want from a formula, but not the input value the formula needs toget that result, you can use the Goal Seek feature. For example, use Goal Seek to change theinterest rate in cell B3 until the payment value in B4 equals ($900.00).

1. On the Data tab, in the Data Tools group, clickWhat-If Analysis, and then clickGoal Seek.

2. In the Set cell box, enter the reference for the cell that contains the formula youwant to resolve. (In the example, this is cell B4.)

3. In the To value box, type the result you want. (In the example, this is -900.)4. In the By changing cell box, enter the reference for the cell that contains the

value you want to adjust. (In the example, this is cell B3.)

NOTE This cell must be referenced by the formula in the cell you specified in the

Set cell box.

Create scenarios for what-if analysis

Scenarios are part of a suite of commands sometimes called what-if analysis tools. A scenario isa set of values that Microsoft Office Excel saves and can substitute automatically on your
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worksheet. You can use scenarios to forecast the outcome of a worksheet model. You can createand save different groups of values on a worksheet and then switch to any of these new scenariosto view different results.

Creating scenarios

For example, you might want to use a scenario if you want to create a budget but are uncertain of

your revenue. With a scenario, you can define different values for the revenue and then switchbetween the scenarios to perform what-if analyses.

In the example above, you can name the scenario Worst Case, set the value in cell B1 to $50,000,and set the value in cell B2 to $13,200.

You can name the second scenario Best Case and change the values in B1 to $150,000 and in B2to $26,000.

Steps to create a scenario

1. On the Data tab, in the Data Tools group, clickWhat-If Analysis, and then clickScenario Manager.

2. ClickAdd.3. In the Scenario name box, type a name for the scenario.4. In the Changing cells box, enter the references for the cells that you want to

change.

NOTE To preserve the original values for the changing cells, create a scenario that

uses the original cell values before you create scenarios that change the values.5. UnderProtection, select the options that you want.6. ClickOK.7. In the Scenario Values dialog box, type the values that you want for the changing

cells.8. To create the scenario, clickOK.9. If you want to create additional scenarios, repeat steps 2 through 8. When you

finish creating scenarios, clickOK, and then clickClose in the Scenario Managerdialog box.

Display a scenario

When you display a scenario, you change the values of the cells that are saved as part of thatscenario.


2. Click the name of the scenario that you want to display.3. ClickShow.
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Scenario summary reports

To compare several scenarios, you can create a report that summarizes them on the same page.The report can list the scenarios side by side or summarize them in a PivotTable reportCreate a scenario summary report


2. ClickSummary.3. ClickScenario summary orScenario PivotTable report.4. In the Result cells box, enter the references for the cells that refer to cells whose

values are changed by the scenarios. Separate multiple references with commas.

NOTE You don't need result cells to generate a scenario summary report, but you do

need them for a scenario PivotTable report.

PIVOT TABLES

They can be used to summarize, analyze, explore and present your data.

We can take the sales data with columns like salesman, region and product-wise revenues and

use pivot tables to quickly find out how products are performing in each region.

CHARTS

Creating a chart in Microsoft Office Excel is quick and easy. Excel provides a variety of charttypes that you can choose from when you create a chart.For most charts, such as column and bar charts, you can plot the data that you arrange in rows orcolumns on a worksheet in a chart. Some chart types, however, such as pie and bubble charts,require a specific data arrangement.

To create a chart in Excel, you start by entering the numeric data for the chart on a worksheet.

Then you can plot that data into a chart by selecting the chart type that you want to use on the

Insert tab, in the Charts group.
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Worksheet data

Chart created from worksheet data

Excel supports many types of charts to help you display data in ways that are meaningful to your

audience. When you create a chart or change an existing chart, you can select from a variety of

chart types (such as a column chart or a pie chart) and their subtypes (such as a stacked column

chart or a pie in 3-D chart). You can also create a combination chart by using more than one

chart type in your chart.

Example of a combination chart that uses a column and line chart type.

GETTING TO KNOW THE ELEMENTS OF A CHART


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A chart has many elements. Some of these elements are displayed by default, others can be

added as needed. You can change the display of the chart elements by moving them to other

locations in the chart, resizing them, or by changing the format. You can also remove chart

elements that you do not want to display.

The chart area of the chart.

The plot area of the chart.

The data points of the data series that are plotted in the chart.

The horizontal (category) and vertical (value) axis along which the data is plotted in the chart.

The legend of the chart.

A chart and axis title that you can use in the chart.

A data label that you can use to identify the details of a data point in a data series.

MODIFYING A BASIC CHART TO MEET YOUR NEEDS

After you create a chart, you can modify any one of its elements. For example, you might want

to change the way that axes are displayed, add a chart title, move or hide the legend, or display

additional chart elements.

To modify a chart, you can do one or more of the following:

Change the display of chart axes You can specify the scale of axes and adjust the

interval between the values or categories that are displayed. To make your chart easier to

read, you can also add tick marks to an axis, and specify the interval at which they will

appear.
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Add titles and data labels to a chart To help clarify the information that appears in

your chart, you can add a chart title, axis titles, and data labels.

Add a legend or data table You can show or hide a legend, change its location, or

modify the legend entries. In some charts, you can also show a data table that displays

the legend keys and the values that are presented in the chart.

Apply special options for each chart type Special lines (such as high-low lines and

trendlines), bars (such as up-down bars and error bars), data markers, and other options

are available for different chart types.

APPLYING A PREDEFINED CHART LAYOUT AND CHART STYLE FOR A

PROFESSIONAL LOOK

Instead of manually adding or changing chart elements or formatting the chart, you can quickly

apply a predefined chart layout and chart style to your chart. Excel provides a variety of useful

predefined layouts and styles. However, you can fine-tune a layout or style as needed by making

manual changes to the layout and format of individual chart elements, such as the chart area, plot

area, data series, or legend of the chart.

When you apply a predefined chart layout, a specific set of chart elements (such as titles, a

legend, a data table, or data labels) are displayed in a specific arrangement in your chart. You can

select from a variety of layouts that are provided for each chart type.

When you apply a predefined chart style, the chart is formatted based on the document theme

that you have applied, so that your chart matches your organization's or your own theme colors

(a set of colors), theme fonts (a set of heading and body text fonts), and theme effects (a set of

lines and fill effects).

You cannot create your own chart layouts or styles, but you can create chart templates that

include the chart layout and formatting that you want.

ADDING EYE-CATCHING FORMATTING TO A CHART

In addition to applying a predefined chart style, you can easily apply formatting to individual

chart elements such as data markers, the chart area, the plot area, and the numbers and text in

titles and labels to give your chart a custom, eye-catching look. You can apply specific shape

styles and WordArt styles, and you can also format the shapes and text of chart elements

manually.

To add formatting, you can use one or more of the following:
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Fill chart elements You can use colors, textures, pictures, and gradient fills to help

draw attention to specific chart elements.

Change the outline of chart elements You can use colors, line styles, and line

weights to emphasize chart elements.

Add special effects to chart elements You can apply special effects, such as

shadow, reflection, glow, soft edges, bevel, and 3-D rotation to chart element shapes,

which gives your chart a finished look.

Format text and numbers You can format text and numbers in titles, labels, and

text boxes on a chart as you would text and numbers on a worksheet. To make text and

numbers stand out, you can even apply WordArt styles.

REUSING CHARTS BY CREATING CHART TEMPLATES

If you want to reuse a chart that you customized to meet your needs, you can save that chart as a

chart template (*.crtx) in the chart templates folder. When you create a chart, you can then apply

the chart template just as you would any other built-in chart type. In fact, chart templates are

custom chart typesyou can also use them to change the chart type of an existing chart. If you

use a specific chart template frequently, you can save it as the default chart type.

Step 1: Create a basic chart

For most charts, such as column and bar charts, you can plot the data that you arrange in rows orcolumns on a worksheet into a chart. However, some chart types (such as pie and bubble charts)

require a specific data arrangement.

1. On the worksheet, arrange the data that you want to plot in a chart.The data can be arranged in rows or columnsExcel automatically determines the best

way to plot the data in the chart. Some chart types (such as pie and bubble charts) require

a specific data arrangement.

How to arrange data on the worksheet

For this chart type Arrange the data

Column, bar, line, area, surface,or radar chart

In columns or rows, such as:

Lorem Ipsum

1 2

3 4

Or:
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Lorem 1 3

Ipsum 2 4

Pie or doughnut chart For onedata series, in one column or rowof data and one column or row of data

labels, such as:

A 1

B 2

C 3

Or:

A B C

1 2 3

For multiple data series, in multiplecolumns or rows of data and one columnor row of data labels, such as:

A 1 2

B 3 4

C 5 6

Or:

A B C

1 2 3

4 5 6

XY (scatter) or bubble chart In columns, placing x values in the firstcolumn and corresponding y values andbubble size values in adjacent columns,such as:

X Y Bubble size

1 2 3

4 5 6

Stock chart In columns or rows in the followingorder, using names or dates as labels:

high values, low values, and closingvaluesLike:

Date High Low Close

1/1/2002 46.125 42 44.063

Or:
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Date 1/1/2002

High 46.125

Low 42

Close 44.063

2. Select the cells that contain the data that you want to use for the chart.Tip If you select only one cell, Excel automatically plots all cells that contain data that is

adjacent to that cell into a chart. If the cells that you want to plot in a chart are not in a

continuous range, you can select nonadjacent cells or ranges as long as the selection

forms a rectangle. You can also hide the rows or columns that you do not want to plot in

the chart.

How to select cells, ranges, rows, or columns

To select Do thisA single cell Click the cell, or press the arrow keys to move to the cell.

A range of cells Click the first cell in the range, and then drag to the last cell, orhold down SHIFT while you press the arrow keys to extend theselection.You can also select the first cell in the range, and then press F8to extend the selection by using the arrow keys. To stopextending the selection, press F8 again.

A large range of cells Click the first cell in the range, and then hold down SHIFTwhile you click the last cell in the range. You can scroll to make

the last cell visible.

All cells on a worksheet Click the Select All button.

To select the entire worksheet, you can also press CTRL+A.

NOTE If the worksheet contains data, CTRL+A selects the

current region. Pressing CTRL+A a second time selects theentire worksheet.

Nonadjacent cells or cellranges

Select the first cell or range of cells, and then hold down CTRLwhile you select the other cells or ranges.You can also select the first cell or range of cells, and then pressSHIFT+F8 to add another nonadjacent cell or range to theselection. To stop adding cells or ranges to the selection, pressSHIFT+F8 again.

NOTE You cannot cancel the selection of a cell or range of
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cells in a nonadjacent selection without canceling the entireselection.

An entire row or column Click the row or column heading.

Row headingColumn heading

You can also select cells in a row or column by selecting thefirst cell and then pressing CTRL+SHIFT+ARROW key(RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW for rows, UP ARROW orDOWN ARROW for columns).

NOTE If the row or column contains data,

CTRL+SHIFT+ARROW key selects the row or column to thelast used cell. Pressing CTRL+SHIFT+ARROW key a second

time selects the entire row or column.

Adjacent rows orcolumns

Drag across the row or column headings. Or select the first rowor column; then hold down SHIFT while you select the last rowor column.

Nonadjacent rows orcolumns

Click the column or row heading of the first row or column inyour selection; then hold down CTRL while you click thecolumn or row headings of other rows or columns that you wantto add to the selection.

The first or last cell in a

row or column

Select a cell in the row or column, and then press

CTRL+ARROW key (RIGHT ARROW or LEFT ARROW forrows, UP ARROW or DOWN ARROW for columns).

The first or last cell on aworksheet or in aMicrosoft Office Exceltable

Press CTRL+HOME to select the first cell on the worksheet orin an Excel list.Press CTRL+END to select the last cell on the worksheet or inan Excel list that contains data or formatting.

Cells to the last usedcell on the worksheet(lower-right corner)

Select the first cell, and then press CTRL+SHIFT+END toextend the selection of cells to the last used cell on theworksheet (lower-right corner).

Cells to the beginning of

the worksheet

Select the first cell, and then press CTRL+SHIFT+HOME to

extend the selection of cells to the beginning of the worksheet.

More or fewer cells thanthe active selection

Hold down SHIFT while you click the last cell that you want toinclude in the new selection. The rectangular range between theactive celland the cell that you click becomes the new selection.

3. On the Insert tab, in the Charts group, do one of the following: Click the chart type, and then click a chart subtype that you want to use.
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To see all available chart types, click to launch the Insert Chart dialogbox, and then click the arrows to scroll through the chart types.

Tip A ScreenTip displays the chart type name when you rest the mouse pointer over any

chart type or chart subtype.

By default, the chart is placed on the worksheet as an embedded chart. If you want to

place the chart in a separate chart sheet, you can change its location by doing the

following:

3. Click anywhere in the embedded chart to activate it.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

4. On the Design tab, in the Location group, clickMove Chart.

5. UnderChoose where you want the chart to be placed, do one of the following: To display the chart in a chart sheet, clickNew sheet.

Tip If you want to replace the suggested name for the chart, you can type a

new name in the New sheet box.

To display the chart as an embedded chart in a worksheet, clickObject in, and then click a worksheet in the Object in box.

4. Excel automatically assigns a name to the chart, such as Chart1 if it is the first chartthat you create on a worksheet. To change the name of the chart, do the following:

0. Click the chart.1. On the Layout tab, in the Properties group, click the Chart Name text box.

Tip If necessary, click the Properties icon in the Properties group to expand the

group.

2. Type a new name.3. Press ENTER.

Notes
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To quickly create a chart that is based on the default chart type, select the data that

you want to use for the chart, and then press ALT+F1 or F11. When you press ALT+F1,

the chart is displayed as an embedded chart; when you press F11, the chart is displayed

on a separate chart sheet.

If you no longer need a chart, you can delete it. Click the chart to select it, and then

press DELETE.

Step 2: Change the layout or style of a chart

After you create a chart, you can instantly change its look. Instead of manually adding or

changing chart elements or formatting the chart, you can quickly apply a predefined layout and

style to your chart. Excel provides a variety of useful predefined layouts and styles (or quick

layouts and quick styles) that you can select from, but you can customize a layout or style asneeded by manually changing the layout and format of individual chart elements.

APPLY A PREDEFINED CHART LAYOUT

1. Click anywhere in the chart that you want to format by using a predefined chartlayout.

This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Design tab, in the Chart Layouts group, click the chart layout that you wantto use.

Note When the size of the Excel window is reduced, chart layouts will be available in

the Quick Layout gallery in the Chart Layouts group.

Tip To see all available layouts, clickMore .

APPLY A PREDEFINED CHART STYLE

1. Click anywhere in the chart that you want to format by using a predefined chart style.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Design tab, in the Chart Styles group, click the chart style that you want touse.


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Note When the size of the Excel window is reduced, chart styles will be available in the

Chart Quick Styles gallery in the Chart Styles group.Tip To see all predefined chart styles, clickMore .

CHANGE THE LAYOUT OF CHART ELEMENTS MANUALLY

1. Click the chart element for which you want to change the layout, or do the followingto select it from a list of chart elements.

1. Click anywhere in the chart to display the Chart Tools.2. On the Format tab, in the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the

Chart Elements box, and then click the chart element that you want.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels, Axes, orBackground group, click the chartelement button that corresponds with the chart element that you selected, and then click

the layout option that you want.

Note The layout options that you select are applied to the chart element that you have selected.

For example, if you have the entire chart selected, data labels will be applied to all data series. If

you have a single data point selected, data labels will only be applied to the selected data series

or data point.
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CHANGE THE FORMAT OF CHART ELEMENTS MANUALLY

1. Click the chart element for which you want to change the style, or do the following toselect it from a list of chart elements.

1. Click anywhere in the chart to display the Chart Tools.2. On the Format tab, in the Current Selection group, click the arrow in the

Chart Elements box, and then click the chart element that you want.

2. On the Format tab, do one or more of the following: To format any selected chart element, in the Current Selection group,

clickFormat Selection, and then select the formatting options that you want. To format the shape of a selected chart element, in the Shape Styles group,

click the style that you want, or clickShape Fill, Shape Outline, orShape Effects,

and then select the formatting options that you want.

To format the text in a selected chart element by using WordArt, in theWordArt Styles group, click a style. You can also clickText Fill, Text Outline, or

Text Effects, and then select the formatting options that you want.

Note After you apply a WordArt style, you cannot remove the WordArt format. If

you do not want the WordArt style that you applied, you can select anotherWordArt style, or you can clickUndo on the Quick Access Toolbar to return to

the previous text format.

3. Tip To use regular text formatting to format the text in chart elements, you can right-click or select the text, and then click the formatting options that you want on the Mini

toolbar. You can also use the formatting buttons on the ribbon (Home tab, Font group).

Step 3: Add or remove titles or data labels

To make a chart easier to understand, you can add titles, such as a chart title and axis titles. Axis

titles are typically available for all axes that can be displayed in a chart, including depth (series)

axes in 3-D charts. Some chart types (such as radar charts) have axes, but they cannot display

axis titles. Chart types that do not have axes (such as pie and doughnut charts) cannot display

axis titles either.
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You can also link chart and axis titles to corresponding text in worksheet cells by creating a

reference to those cells. Linked titles are automatically updated in the chart when you change the

corresponding text on the worksheet.

To quickly identify a data series in a chart, you can add data labels to the data points of the chart.

By default, the data labels are linked to values on the worksheet, and they update automatically

when changes are made to these values.

ADD A CHART TITLE

1. Click anywhere in the chart to which you want to add a title.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, clickChart Title.

3. ClickCentered Overlay Title orAbove Chart.4. In the Chart Title text box that appears in the chart, type the text that you want.

Tip To insert a line break, click to place the pointer where you want to break the line,

and then press ENTER.

5. To format the text, select it, and then click the formatting options that you want onthe Mini toolbar.

Tip You can also use the formatting buttons on the ribbon (Home tab, Font group). To

format the whole title, you can right-click it, clickFormat Chart Title, and then select

the formatting options that you want.

ADD AXIS TITLES

1. Click anywhere in the chart to which you want to add axis titles.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, clickAxis Titles.

3. Do one or more of the following: To add a title to a primary horizontal (category) axis, clickPrimary

Horizontal Axis Title, and then click the option that you want.
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Tip If the chart has a secondary horizontal axis, you can also clickSecondary

Horizontal Axis Title.

To add a title to primary vertical (value) axis, clickPrimary Vertical AxisTitle, and then click the option that you want.

Tip If the chart has a secondary vertical axis, you can also clickSecondary

Vertical Axis Title.

To add a title to a depth (series) axis, clickDepth Axis Title, and then clickthe option that you want.

Note This option is only available when the selected chart is a true 3-D chart, such

as a 3-D column chart.

4. In the Axis Title text box that appears in the chart, type the text that you want.Tip To insert a line break, click to place the pointer where you want to break the line,

and then press ENTER.

5. To format the text, select it, and then click the formatting options that you want onthe Mini toolbar.

Tip You can also use the formatting buttons on the ribbon (Home tab, Font group). To

format the whole title, you can right-click it, clickFormat Axis Title , and then select

the formatting options that you want.

Notes

If you switch to another chart type that does not support axis titles (such as a pie

chart), the axis titles will no longer be displayed. The titles will be displayed again when

you switch back to a chart type that does support axis titles.

Axis titles that are displayed for secondary axes will be lost when you switch to a

chart type that does not display secondary axes.

LINK A TITLE TO A WORKSHEET CELL

1. On a chart, click the chart or axis title that you want to link to a worksheet cell.2. On the worksheet, click in the formula bar, and then type an equal sign (=).3. Select the worksheet cell that contains the data or text that you want to display in

your chart.

Tip You can also type the reference to the worksheet cell in the formula bar. Include an

equal sign, the sheet name, followed by an exclamation point; for example, =Sheet1!F2

4. Press ENTER.
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ADD DATA LABELS

1. On a chart, do one of the following: To add a data label to all data points of all data series, click the chart area. To add a data label to all data points of a data series, click anywhere in the

data series that you want to label.

To add a data label to a single data point in a data series, click the dataseries that contains the data point that you want to label, and then click the data

point that you want to label.

This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, clickData Labels, and then click thedisplay option that you want.

Note Depending on the chart type that you used, different data label options will be

available.

REMOVE TITLES OR DATA LABELS FROM A CHART

1. Click the chart.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, do one of the following: To remove a chart title, clickChart Title, and then clickNone. To remove an axis title, clickAxis Title, click the type of axis title that you

want to remove, and then clickNone.

To remove data labels, clickData Labels, and then clickNone.

Tip To quickly remove a title or data label, click it, and then press DELETE.

Step 4: Show or hide a legend
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When you create a chart, the legend appears, but you can hide the legend or change its location

after you create the chart.

1. Click the chart in which you want to show or hide a legend.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Labels group, clickLegend.

3. Do one of the following: To hide the legend, clickNone.

Tip To quickly remove a legend or a legend entry from a chart, you can select it,

and then press DELETE. You can also right-click the legend or a legend entry, and

then clickDelete.

To display a legend, click the display option that you want.Note When you click one of the display options, the legend moves, and the plot

area automatically adjusts to make room for it. If you move and size the legend by

using the mouse, the plot area does not automatically adjust.

For additional options, clickMore Legend Options, and then select thedisplay option that you want.

Tip By default, a legend does not overlap the chart. If you have space constraints,

you might be able to reduce the size of the chart by clearing the Show the legend

without overlapping the chart check box.

Tip When a chart has a legend displayed, you can modify the individual legend entries by

editing the corresponding data on the worksheet. For additional editing options, or to modify

legend entries without affecting the worksheet data, you can change the legend entries in the

Select Data Source dialog box (Design tab, Data group, Select Data button).

Step 5: Display or hide chart axes or gridlines

When you create a chart, primary axes are displayed for most chart types. You can turn them on

or off as needed. When you add axes, you can specify the level of detail that you want the axes to

display. A depth axis is displayed when you create a 3-D chart.

When the values in a chart vary widely from data series to data series, or when you have mixed

types of data (for example, price and volume), you can plot one or more data series on a
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secondary vertical (value) axis. The scale of the secondary vertical axis reflects the values for the

associated data series. After you add a secondary vertical axis to a chart, you can also add a

secondary horizontal (category) axis, which might be useful in an xy (scatter) chart or bubble

chart.

To make a chart easier to read, you can display or hide the horizontal and vertical chart gridlines

that extend from any horizontal and vertical axes across the plot area of the chart.

DISPLAY OR HIDE PRIMARY AXES

1. Click the chart for which you want to display or hide axes.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Axes group, clickAxes, and then do one of the following: To display an axis, clickPrimary Horizontal Axis, Primary Vertical

Axis, orDepth Axis (on a 3-D chart), and then click the axis display option that

you want.

To hide an axis, clickPrimary Horizontal Axis, Primary Vertical Axis,orDepth Axis (on a 3-D chart), and then clickNone.

To specify detailed axis display and scaling options, clickPrimaryHorizontal Axis, Primary Vertical Axis, orDepth Axis (on a 3-D chart), and then

clickMore Primary Horizontal Axis Options, More Primary Vertical Axis

Options, orMore Depth Axis Options.

DISPLAY OR HIDE SECONDARY AXES

1. In a chart, click the data series that you want to plot along a secondary vertical axis,or do the following to select the data series from a list of chart elements:

1. Click the chart.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Format tab, in the Current Selection group, click the arrow in theChart Elements box, and then click the data series that you want to plot along a

secondary vertical axis.
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2. On the Format tab, in the Current Selection group, clickFormat Selection.3. ClickSeries Options if it is not selected, and then underPlot Series On, click

Secondary Axis and then clickClose.

4. On the Layout tab, in the Axes group, clickAxes.

5. Do one of the following: To display a secondary vertical axis, clickSecondary Vertical Axis, and

then click the display option that you want.

Tip To help distinguish the secondary vertical axis, you can change the chart type

for just one data series. For example, you can change one data series to a line chart.

6. To display a secondary horizontal axis, clickSecondary Horizontal Axis, and thenclick the display option that you want.

Note This option is available only after you display a secondary vertical axis.

7. To hide a secondary axis, clickSecondary Vertical Axis orSecondary HorizontalAxis, and then clickNone.Tip You can also click the secondary axis that you want to delete, and then press

DELETE.

DISPLAY OR HIDE GRIDLINES

1. Click the chart for which you want to display or hide chart gridlines.This displays the Chart Tools, adding the Design, Layout, and Format tabs.

2. On the Layout tab, in the Axes group, clickGridlines.

3. Do the following:


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To add horizontal gridlines to the chart, point to Primary HorizontalGridlines, and then click the option that you want. If the chart has a secondary

horizontal axis, you can also clickSecondary Horizontal Gridlines.

To add vertical gridlines to the chart, point to Primary Vertical Gridlines,and then click the option that you want. If the chart has a secondary vertical axis,

you can also clickSecondary Vertical Gridlines.

To add depth gridlines to a 3-D chart, point to Depth Gridlines, and thenclick the option that you want. This option is only available when the selected chart

is a true 3-D chart, such as a 3-D column chart.

To hide chart gridlines, point to Primary Horizontal Gridlines, PrimaryVertical Gridlines, orDepth Gridlines (on a 3-D chart), and then clickNone. If

the chart has a secondary axes, you can also clickSecondary Horizontal Gridlines

orSecondary Vertical Gridlines, and then clickNone.

To quickly remove chart gridlines, select them, and then press DELETE.

Step 6: Move or resize a chart

You can move a chart to any location on a worksheet or to a new or existing worksheet. You can

also change the size of the chart for a better fit.

MOVE A CHART

To move a chart, drag it to the location that you want.

RESIZE A CHART

To resize a chart, do one of the following:

Click the chart, and then drag the sizing handles to the size that you want.

On the Format tab, in the Size group, enter the size in the Shape Height and Shape

Width box.

Tip For more sizing options, on the Format tab, in the Size group, click to launch the

Format Chart Area dialog box. On the Size tab, you can select options to size, rotate, or scale
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the chart. On the Properties tab, you can specify how you want the chart to move or size with

the cells on the worksheet.

Step 7: Save a chart as a template

If you want to create another chart such as the one that you just created, you can save the chart as

a template that you can use as the basis for other similar charts

1. Click the chart that you want to save as a template.2. On the Design tab, in the Type group, clickSave as Template.

3. In the File name box, type a name for the template.Tip Unless you specify a different folder, the template file (.crtx) will be saved in the

Charts folder, and the template becomes available underTemplates in both the Insert

Chart dialog box (Insert tab, Charts group, Dialog Box Launcher ) and the Change

Chart Type dialog box (Design tab, Type group, Change Chart Type).

Note A chart template contains chart formatting and stores the colors that are in use when you

save the chart as a template. When you use a chart template to create a chart in another

workbook, the new chart uses the colors of the chart templatenot the colors of the document

theme that is currently applied to the workbook. To use the document theme colors instead of the

chart template colors, right-click the chart area, and then clickReset to Match Style.


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Credits:

Batch of 2011-13Sr. No. Enroll no. Name Email id

1 11BSPHH011131 Abhishek Lokhande [email protected]

2 11BSPHH010862 Sumit Ginoriya [email protected]

3 11BSPHH010338 Isha Joshi [email protected]

4 11BSPHH011022 Pallavi Sharma [email protected]

Batch of 2012-14Sr. No. Enroll no. Name Email id

1 12BSPHH010559 Mohana Sundaram S K [email protected]

2 12BSPHH011039 Soma Dutta [email protected] 12BSPHH010337 Abhishek Fanse [email protected]

4 12BSPHH010176 Anurag Mehta [email protected]

5 12BSPHH010224 Asit Kiran [email protected]

6 12BSPHH010923 Harshad Savekar [email protected]

7 12BSPHH010276 Darshit Chauhan [email protected]

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