Grammar
2 Parts of Sentences:
Subject: Who or What Ex. The moon shone on the gravel path. Predicate: tells about the subject (includes the
action) Remember: Find the VERB to start the predicate.
Ex. The moon shone on the gravel path
Review:
Simple: the main word that tells who or what
Ex. The four new students arrived early.
Complete subject: all the words that tell whom or what the sentence is about.
Ex. The four new students arrived early.
Simple V. Complete Subject
1) The tall, beautiful lady sipped her tea.
2) Walking through the park, the two dogs barked.
3) A round walnut table with four lets stood in the middle of the dining room.
Examples:Find the Simple & Complete Subject
Two or more subjects joined together by a
conjunction that have the same verb.Ex. The dog and the cat sniffed the air.
Compound Subject
Simple: the main word that tells about the
subject (THE VERB)Example: The cat jumped over the desk.
Compound: the verb and all the words that describe what the subject is doing.
Example: The cat jumped over the desk.
Simple V Compound Predicate
Simple usually means ONE
REMINDER
Declarative: makes a statement.
Uses a period.The sky is blue.
Imperative: command or request. Uses a period or an exclamation point.Remove your belongings from the desk.Remove your belongings from the desk!
Types of Sentences:
Interrogative: asks a question
Ends with a question mark.Will you be going to the play tonight?
Exclamatory: shoes excitement or strong feelings. Uses an exclamation point.The Penguins scored the final point!
Types of Sentences:
A word or word group that is used to name a
PERSON, PLACE, THING or IDEA.
Ex. Teacher, Grand Canyon, lamp, bravery
Nouns
A single noun made of more than one word:
EX. Basketball, light-year, grand piano
Compound Nouns
Names a particular person, place, thing or
idea. Get capitalized!
Ex. teacher Miss Cheatlepark North Parkcity Pittsburgh
Proper Nouns
Lake Phone company Brand Sports Team Road Restaurant
Come up with proper nouns!
Concrete: Names a person, place or thing that
can be perceived by one or more senses.Ex. Photograph, book, pen, friend
Abstract: Names an idea, feeling, quality or characteristic.
Ex. Love, tired, bold, courage
Concrete Nouns and Abstract Nouns
Word that names a group:
Ex. Batch, litter, team, class
The team lined up to begin practice.
Collective Nouns
A word that is used in place of one or more
nouns.Ex. Ask Dan in Dan has done Dan’s work.Ask Dan if he has done his homework.
The word that the pronoun stands for is the antecedent (DAN).
Pronoun
When Mary went to the store, Mary bought
flowers for Mary’s grandmother. REWRITE THIS SENTENCE USING PRONOUNS 2
WAYS Put the flowers in the water before the flowers
droop. Ben folded the paper for Mrs. Burg, and then
Ben stuffed the newspapers in the plastic bags for Mrs. Burg.
Pronoun Practice
Refers to the one speaking, the one spoken to, or the
one spoken about.Singular Plural
First Person I me my mine we us our ours
Second Person you your yours you your yours
Third Person he him his they them she her hers their theirsit its
Personal Pronoun
Tim said “Tim answered all six questions on the
quiz.”
Jane and Lauren yelled “Jane and Lauren know!”
The teacher asked the students to put the student’s names on the paper.
Personal Pronoun Practice
Reflexive: refers to the subject and is
necessary to the meaning of the sentence. Tara enjoyed herself at the party. The team prided themselves on their victory.
Reflexive Pronouns
John worried John about the storm.
The cat groomed the cat by licking its fur.
The weight of the cake collapsed the cake.
Add a Reflexive Pronoun
Intensive: emphasizes a noun or another
pronoun and is unnecessary to the meaning of the sentence. I myself cooked that delicious dinner. Did you redecorate the room yourself?
Intensive Pronouns
Did you eat all of those cookies?
I cleaned all the dishes.
Sarah completed the entire group project.
Add a Intensive Pronoun
Points out a person, place, thing or idea
Ex. This that these those
The grammar lesson is really fun.This lesson is really fun.
Demonstrative
I love the red shoes!
Did you order the salad?
She cannot read the book.
Demonstrative Noun Examples
Introduces a question.
Ex. Who Which What Whom Whose
What is the name of your pet turtle?
Interrogative
___________ dropped the pencil?
___________ did the noise come from?
____________ are you doing this weekend?
Interrogative Examples
Refers to a person, place, thing or idea which
may not be named.Ex. All, more, none, one…
All of the students enjoyed learning about grammar.
Indefinite
________________ of the girls were talking on
the phone.
________________ did their homework.
Indefinite
Introduces a subordinate clause
Ex. That which who whom whose
Exercise is something that many people enjoy.
Relative
Does Pamela, ________ is going to Europe,
have her passport?
Thomas Jefferson, __________ wrote the Declaration of Independence, was our country’s third president.
The book, _________ was long, was very interesting.
Relative examples
A verb is a word that expresses an action or
state of being.
Ex. We celebrated the Chinese New Year yesterday.
Ex. The holiday is usually in February.
VERBS
An action verb is a verb that expresses either
physical or mental activity (doing something)
Ex. The owls hooted all night. (m or p?) Gloria plays volleyball. (m or p?) She thought about the problem. (m or p?) I believe in you. (m or p?)
Action Verbs
A linking verb is a verb that expresses a state
of being. A linking verb connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject.
Ex. Denzel Washington is an actor. Ex. The children remained quiet.
HINT- linking verbs never have objects.
Linking Verbs
A helping verb (aux verb) helps the main verb
express action or state of being.
Ex. The packages were sent to 401 Maple Street.
Helping Verbs
A verb that expresses an action directed
towards a person, a place, a thing or an idea (words that receive action are objects)
Ex. Derick greeted the visitors.
Transitive Verb
Expresses action without the action passing to
a receiver or object.
Ex. Last night we ate on the patio.
Intransitive Verb
An adverb is a word that modified the verb, an
adjective or another adverb (AD’s to the VERB) Can appear before, after or between the words
they modify.
They answer the questions: Where When How How often To what extent
Adverbs
The sprinter ran swiftly
I read the comics early on Sunday morning.
Dad will sometimes quote Harry Potter.
Put the apples there, and we will eat them later.
Adverbs
A word that shows the relationship of a noun
or pronoun to another word.
The cat walked to the door. The cat walked through the door. The cat walked past the door. The cat walked in front of the door.
Prepositions
A word that joins words or word groups.
And, but, for, nor, or, so, yet, both, either, neither….
She read the book, but she had not seen the movie.
Ann or Jill will read the part.
Conjunctions
A word that expresses emotion.
Aha, my, ouch, wow, hey, oh, rates, yikes, hurray, oops, well, yippee….
OUCH! That hurts!
Aha! I know the answer!
Oh, I wish it were Friday!
Interjections