Air Tightness Consultancy & Testing Energy - SAP, EPC, DEC & SBEM BREEAM & Code for Sustainable Homes
Acoustics Consultancy & Testing Air Sealing & Fire Stopping Technical Downloads
Head Office: HRS Services Ltd, The Maltings, Burton Road, Sheffield, S3 8BZ | Tel: 0114 2723004 | Fax: 0114 2723003
Southern Office: HRS Services Ltd, PO Box 3410, Swindon, SN5 5YP | Tel: 01793 871715 www.hrsservices.co.uk
This report shall not be reproduced except in full without the written approval of HRS Services Ltd.
Authorised by: Silvio Murgia MIOA Signed:
Position: Head of Acoustics
Date: 14/05/2014
Outline Acoustic Design Review
Burton and South Derbyshire UTC Burton upon Trent
HRS REFERENCE: 117828 AC 3v3
P/2014/00735Received 11/06/2014
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 2 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Contents
Page
Issue History.......................................................................................................................... 3
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 4
2. Standards and Guidelines ............................................................................................. 5
4. Internal Ambient Noise Levels ...................................................................................... 10
5. Sound Insulation ............................................................................................................ 11
6. Control of Reverberation ............................................................................................... 14
7. Mechanical Services Noise ........................................................................................... 16
8. Rain Noise ...................................................................................................................... 17
9. Acoustic Testing ............................................................................................................ 18
Appendix I – Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................... 19
Appendix II – BB93 Criteria Recommendations ................................................................. 21
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 3 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Issue History
Version Issue Date Notes
HRS117828-AC-3v3
14/05/14 1
st Formal Issue
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 4 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
1. Introduction
1.1. HRS Services Ltd. (HRS) has been appointed by BAM Construction Ltd. (BAM) to provide acoustic
consultancy services for the proposed new Burton and South Derbyshire UTC (BSD UTC), Burton
upon Trent.
1.2. The proposed site is located on Waterloo Street, Burton upon Trent, and features an elevation
facing King Edward Place. The surrounding area is of mixed-used, comprising both commercial
and residential property.
1.3. The proposed scheme involves the construction of a new four-storey University Technical College,
providing education in vocational subjects for 14 – 19 year olds. The UTC building will be partially
formed from the conversion of the existing Burton Town Hall Annex building, with a new extension
to the existing building being built in the current location of the Town Hall car park.
1.4. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the acoustic design approach with reference
to Building Bulletin 93 ‘Acoustic Design of Schools’. The report will consider the acoustic impact of
the existing noise climate on the new teaching/learning spaces, as well as reviewing the internal
acoustic environment.
1.5. This document has been prepared for the sole use, benefit and information of BAM for the
purposes set out in the document or instructions commissioning the works. The liability of HRS in
respect of the information contained herein will not extend to any third party.
1.6. This report is limited to addressing the specific acoustic issues contained herein and is based
entirely on information and drawings provided by the project architect. It is recommended that
appropriate expert advice be sought on all the ramifications e.g. safety, fire, structural etc.
associated with any proposals contained herein.
1.7. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that this report is easy to understand, it is technical in
nature; to assist the reader, a glossary of terminology is included in Appendix I.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 5 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
2. Standards and Guidelines
Building Bulletin 93 ‘Acoustic Design of Schools’ (BB93)
2.1. Part E of Schedule 1 to the Building Regulations 2010 includes new ‘school’ buildings, within its
scope under Requirement E4 which states…
“Each room or other space in a school building shall be designed and constructed in such a way that it has
the acoustic conditions and the insulation against disturbance by noise appropriate to its intended use.”
2.2. Section 8 of Approved Document E guidance states that the normal way of satisfying Requirement
E4 for new school buildings is to meet the performance standards set out in Building Bulletin 93
‘Acoustic Design of Schools’ (BB93), as per the extract below:
2.3. Section 4 of the 1996 Education act defines a ‘school’ as ‘an educational institution which is
outside the further education sector and the higher education sector and is an institution for
providing primary education, secondary education, or both primary and secondary education’.
2.4. HRS’ understanding of the proposed BSD UTC accommodation is to provide a new academic
environment for 14-19 year olds with a strong focus on technical and practical education. As an
alternative to a more traditional school setting BSD UTC aims to encourage new ways of learning
and, with links to various local commercial/industrial employers, the design ethos of the building is
orientated more toward higher education and workplace environments.
2.5. The acoustic performance criteria given in this document are based on the recommendations given
in BB93. Considering the above, whilst BB93 provides the most relevant guidance for education
buildings, it may not be wholly appropriate for all spaces within BSD UTC and in these cases
alternative acoustic performance standards have been identified. It is advisable to confirm this
approach with the Building Control Body as an appropriate basis for design.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 6 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
BREEAM 2011
2.6. HRS understands that BREEAM 2011 credits relating to acoustics are being targeted for the
project. The implications for acoustic design will depend on the precise credits that are being
targeted (all directly acoustics related BREEAM credits are non-mandatory).
Areas of Non-Compliance with BB93
2.7. This assessment has identified that, due to functional and operational considerations, there are
some areas where it may not be practical to meet the acoustic requirements contained within
BB93. HRS understands that application for approval to derogate the relevant BB93 requirement
will be made by BAM.
2.8. This approach is recognised in BB93 Section 1.2.1 ‘Alternative performance standards’ which
states:
‘In some circumstances alternative performance standards may be appropriate for specific areas within individual schools for particular educational, environmental or health and safety reasons.’
2.9. The relevant areas identified at the time of writing this report as not in compliance with BB93 are
highlighted in Table 1 below.
Table 1: Areas of non-compliance BB93 Section 1 criteria
AREA COMMENTS / ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Inter-connecting doors between
teaching / occupied spaces,
e.g. Engineering Workshop to
CNC / CNC into Computing &
Engineering Design / Hub Atrium
into enclosed classrooms
BB93 criteria for airborne sound insulation will not be achieved where acoustically-
sensitive rooms are interconnected by doors. Doorsets with increased sound insulation
specification, rated at minimum 35dB Rw within a separating partition rated at minimum
45dB Rw are proposed where doors interconnect teaching spaces. Where glazed screens
feature within partitions containing interconnecting doors it is proposed that these should
be rated at minimum 35dB Rw, i.e. no worse-performing than the interconnecting doors.
1st and 2
nd floor ‘Hub’ areas and
the Main Dining ‘Atrium’ /
Ground, 1st and 2
nd floor atrium
Hub areas
Open plan study areas shall not meet BB93 acoustic performance criterion for speech
intelligibility.
It is proposed that, in order to maximise speech intelligibility in open plan study areas,
localised reverberation control shall be used as far as practical.
Ground, 1st and 2
nd floor toilets
into Main Dining
2nd
floor Group Rooms / Lab02 /
Prep Room
2nd
floor Product Design / Rapid
These spaces are part of the same volume and therefore, if considered as separate
spaces, the BB93 criteria for airborne sound insulation of the Main Dining and Café areas
shall not be achieved.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 7 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
AREA COMMENTS / ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Protoype
3rd
floor toilets into Café
Activity and Fitness Studio
BB93 criteria for mid-frequency reverberation time is likely to not be achieved due to the
volume of the spaces in conjunction with the hard-wearing, acoustically-reflective surface
finishes likely to be prevalent within the space. See Section 6.5 for further detail.
Serving hatch
BB93 criteria for airborne sound insulation may not be achieved between the Kitchen and
Dining Area due to the presence of a serving hatch shutter in the separating partition. The
proposed standard of sound insulation is for the shutter to be rated at a minimum 18dB
Rw.
Existing Building
Existing building constraints limit ability to meet BB93 acoustic performance
requirements. Hence, for all spaces, BB93 Section 1 acoustic performance criteria to be
used as guidance only
Main Dining and associated Hub
spaces
Indoor ambient noise levels – may not achieve BB93 indoor ambient noise level criteria
upper limits at all times
BB93 criteria for mid-frequency reverberation time is likely to not be achieved due to the
volume of the spaces in conjunction with the hard-wearing, acoustically-reflective surface
finishes likely to be prevalent within the space. See Section 6.6 for further detail.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 8 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
3. Room Classification
3.1. The main internal rooms and spaces of the proposed building have been classified in accordance
with classifications given within BB93. Typical classifications of spaces within the building are
reproduced in Table 2, below.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 9 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Table 2: Proposed BB93 room classifications for a range of typical spaces
Room Name BB93 Room Classification Activity Noise
Noise Tolerance
Indoor Ambient Noise Level
Upper Limit, dB LAeq,30min
1
Mid-Frequency Reverberation Time, secs Tmf
Weighted Standardised Impact Sound
Pressure Level dB
L’nT(Tmf,max),w
Lecture Theatre Large Lecture Room Average Very Low 30 <1.0 ≤ 55
Product Design
Design and Technology: Electronics/control, textiles,
food, graphics, design/resource areas, ICT rooms, art
Average Medium 40 <0.8 ≤ 60
Performance Monitoring and
Biomedical
Science Laboratory Average Medium 40 <0.8 ≤ 60 Science Studio
Labs 01 / 02 / 03
Food Science
Creative Lab
Concept Lab
Tech Labs (CNC)
Resistant Materials / CADCAM Areas
High High 40 <0.8 ≤ 65 Process
Production
Rapid Prototype
Main Dining / Cafe
Dining High High 45 <1.0 ≤ 65
Medical Inspection
Medical Rooms Low Low 35 <0.8 ≤ 60
Study Hubs Open Plan Resource Areas Average Medium 40 <1.0 ≤ 60
Learning Base / Seminar
Secondary school: classrooms, general teaching areas, seminar
rooms, tutorial rooms Average Low 35 <0.8 ≤ 60
Interview / Boardroom
Interviewing rooms Low Low 35 <0.8 ≤ 60
Atrium / Circulation
Atria, circulation spaces used by students
Average Medium 45 <1.5 ≤ 60
Staff Offices / Employer / IT
Offices, medical rooms, staff rooms
2
Average Medium 40 <1.0 ≤ 65
Changing Coats and changing areas2 High High 45 <1.5 ≤ 65
Toilets / Accessible WC
Toilets2 Average High 50 <1.5 ≤ 65
Notes to Table 2:
1. The upper limit for the indoor ambient noise level may be increased by 5 dB when a fresh air supply rate of 8 l/s per
person is provided by natural ventilation, as described in BB101 ‘Ventilation of School Buildings’.
2. Examples of ‘ancillary’ spaces; BB93 criteria are guidance only, and non-mandatory.
3.2. Other ancillary spaces not included in the BB93 classifications include plant rooms and stores; these
spaces shall be considered on an individual basis to determine requirements for acoustic treatment.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 10 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
4. Internal Ambient Noise Levels
4.1 An environmental noise survey was carried out at the proposed site by Mott MacDonald in January
2014 for the Education Funding Agency. HRS also carried out indicative measurements during a
site visit in April 2014
4.2 Details of the Mott MacDonald noise survey methodology and results have been provided within
Mott MacDonald report 310266_Rep01_revA.
4.3 Figures stated in the Mott MacDonald report and measurements taken by HRS indicate high
ambient noise levels on both King Edward Place and Waterloo Street, between 64-73 LAeq,30min. To
meet BB93 criteria for indoor ambient noise levels (IANL) it is proposed that a mechanical
ventilation strategy shall be used for the majority of new build teaching / study spaces with a view
to King Edward Pl. and Waterloo St.. This shall allow greater control of external noise intrusion
than an open window strategy, for example.
4.4 The external facades of noise-sensitive spaces on elevations with a view to King Edward Pl. and
Waterloo St., where appropriate, shall incorporate appropriate glazing to further mitigate road
traffic noise.
4.5 Based on the Mott MacDonald report and HRS’ noise levels measured at site, for noise-sensitive
spaces without a view to either King Edward Pl. or Waterloo St., a natural ventilation strategy could
potentially be utilised whilst allowing BB93 IANL limits to be met.
4.6 Where mechanical ventilation is being utilised, the plant shall be specified taking into consideration
BB93 IANL limits within noise-sensitive spaces.
4.7 For spaces in the existing building, an assisted natural ventilation strategy with noise attenuation is
generally proposed that shall incorporate attenuation of external road traffic noise.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 11 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
5. Sound Insulation
Separating Walls between Teaching Spaces
5.1. Based on levels of activity noise and noise tolerance, Section 1 of Building Bulletin 93 sets out
required performance standards for airborne sound insulation between internal spaces, in terms of
DnT(Tmf,max),w, as shown in Table 4 below.
Table 4: Performance standards for airborne sound insulation between spaces –
minimum weighted BB93 standardized level difference, DnT(Tmf,max),w
Minimum DnT(Tmf,max),w(dB) Activity noise in source room (see table 2)
Low Average High Very high
No
ise
to
lera
nc
e i
n r
ece
ivin
g
roo
m
(se
e t
ab
le 2
)
High
30 35 45 55
Medium
35 40 50 55
Low
40 45 55 55
Very low
45 50 55 60
5.2. A sample of typical adjacencies and the BB93 airborne sound insulation criteria are identified in the
table below.
Table 5: Sound insulation requirements for sample of separating walls and floors
Source Room Receive Room BB93 Minimum Airborne Sound
Insulation Performance DnT(Tmf,max),W (dB)
Activity & Fitness Studio Lecture Theatre 55
Performance Monitoring & Biomedical
Process Production 50
Site Man. Seminar 45
Kitchen Seminar 55
Science Studio Learning Base 45
Lab Lab 40
Learning Base Seminar 45
Lab Boardroom 45
Staff Office Learning Base 45
Tech Lab (CNC) Product Design 50
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 12 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
5.3. Based on the identified criteria, room uses, adjacencies and room geometry, separating partition
requirements have been calculated for each location and rationalised into a set of standard partitions
and floor build-ups that are robust in design whilst maximising the sound insulation performance
likely to be achieved in-situ. Acoustic specification of separating partitions for sound insulation
requirements are provided within the HRS acoustic mark-ups accompanying this document.
5.4. BB93 sound insulation requirements for doors into teaching or study spaces have been identified.
Where for operational reasons doors are located directly between adjacent teaching or study
spaces, sound insulation performance requirements of doors have been increased to provide a level
of acoustic separation between spaces that is as high as reasonably practicable. In these situations
it will not be possible to achieve the level of sound insulation required by BB93. As such, in these
situations a derogation of BB93 requirements for airborne sound insulation between adjacent
teaching / study spaces to acknowledge the reduction in sound insulation has been sought (see
Table 1).
5.5. Where glazed screens are included within separating partitions, glazing shall be specified
appropriately to mitigate noise transmission between adjacent spaces. Dependent on confirmation of
room uses, a derogation of BB93 airborne sound insulation criteria may require agreement.
5.6. To meet BB93 impact sound insulation requirements either a resilient floor finish, e.g. carpet or
appropriate resilient vinyl or underlay, or floating floor build-up to areas on the 1st, 2
nd and 3
rd floors
where rooms below are noise sensitive shall be utilised.
5.7. The 150mm pre-cast concrete plank system with 75mm structural topping with appropriate junction
details and floor finish, etc shall normally be sufficient for airborne and impact sound insulation
performance to meet BB93 acoustic performance requirements up to 50dB DnT(Tmf,max),w and 55dB
L’nT,w.
5.8. The airborne sound insulation performance of the slab will be dependent on suitable flanking noise
control at the junction of the external wall and other junctions, service penetrations, etc. Suitable
junction detail treatment will need to be developed at the appropriate stage.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 13 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Corridor walls and doors
5.9. BB93 specifies a minimum weighted sound reduction index (Rw), as measured in a laboratory, for
the walls (including glazing) and the doors (including any vision panels) to corridors.
5.10. The aim is to prevent noise from activities in corridors and stairwells interfering with teaching or
learning activities. Providing good sound insulation between each room and a common corridor also
greatly reduces the risk of sound from a very noisy activity within a room escaping along the corridor,
and disturbing nearby spaces.
5.11. All new corridor walls (including glazing) and doors should conform to the performance requirements
as stated in Table 6 below.
Table 6: BB93 Minimum laboratory performance (Rw) of walls and doors to corridors and
stairwells
Walls (including glazing)
Doors
All spaces adjacent to corridors and stairwells (except music rooms) 40dB 30dB
5.12. A rebated 44mm thick solid core timber doorset (27 kgm-2
) should be capable of achieving 30dB Rw.
A rebated 54mm thick solid core timber doorset (29 kgm-2
) should be capable of achieving 35dB Rw.
To achieve this performance, compression or wipe seals shall be used around the door’s perimeter
along with a threshold seal beneath.
5.13. Where glazed vision panels are to be installed adjacent to the entrance doors into teaching spaces,
vision panels shall be specified as part of the doorset and are therefore provide the same minimum
sound insulation performance as the door.
5.14. At the time of writing, HRS understands that in the existing building, the Conservation Officer
requirements are to retain the existing doors and architectural features. As per the identified
limitations, BB93 acoustic performance criteria may not be achievable in these spaces.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 14 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
6. Control of Reverberation
6.1. BB93 sets out target reverberation time criteria for different room types. The recommended
reverberation times in BB93 are quoted in terms of Tmf which is the arithmetic average of the
reverberation times in the 500Hz, 1kHz and 2kHz octave band centre frequencies. Mid-frequency
reverberation time criteria for the relevant room classifications are included in Table 2 of this report.
6.2. Areas of absorptive room finishes required to meet the mid-frequency reverberation time criteria will
be assessed using a range of acoustic tools as well as experience in both design and testing of a
wide range of school type projects.
6.3. Reverberation control shall be provided by use of a range of suitable acoustic treatments in each
space. Spaces that are carpeted shall typically require less additional acoustic treatment than those
that incorporate vinyl or other ‘hard’ type floor finishes.
6.4. Where rooms feature an exposed soffit or other non-absorptive surface such as solid plasterboard,
absorption shall typically be provided in the first instance using soffit-hung acoustic baffles or rafts,
with options for additional acoustic treatment to walls.
6.5. It is understood that activities more typical of a gymnasium are proposed to be taking place within
the ground floor ‘Activity and Fitness Studio’ space rather than more traditional teaching practices
upon which the BB93 requirements are based. As such, an increased mid-frequency reverberation
time can be considered as having minimal impact on the suitability of the space for its intended use.
It is proposed that a provision of hanging baffles or rafts will provide a reasonably practicable amount
of absorption, although this is not expected to enable BB93 mid-frequency reverberation times to be
achieved within this space.
6.6. Due to the large volume and open nature of the Main Dining / Atrium are, significant areas of
acoustically absorbent surface treatment would be required to achieve the specified BB93
reverberation time. With the limited surface area available and presence of acoustically reflective
surfaces (e.g. hard floor finish, etc), it is not practical to achieve the necessary coverage.
Reverberation time will be reduced by use of Class A soffit-hung absorption.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 15 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Corridors and entrance halls
6.7. For entrance halls, corridors and hallways BB93 recommends covering an area equal to or greater
than the floor area with a Class C absorber or better (αw ≥ 0.6, as defined in BS EN ISO
11654:1997).
6.8. Required areas of absorption within circulation spaces shall potentially be reduced accordingly if
absorbers of Class B or Class A are used.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 16 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
7. Mechanical Services Noise
Internal Noise Control
7.1. Refer to Table 2 and Section 4 of this report for BB93 IANL upper limits within spaces.
External Noise Control
7.2. The Mott MacDonald report 310266_Rep01_revA identifies relevant plant noise limits at the worst-
affected, noise-sensitive premises for day and night, drawing on guidance provided within BS 4142:
1997.
7.3. Specific assessments of each plant area, based on the equipment type, sound power levels and
location, shall determine whether additional sound insulation measures are required to achieve
identified noise limits. Where necessary, measures shall be taken to reduce mechanical services
noise, such as provision of attenuators, acoustic barriers or screens. Such treatments will be defined
once the equipment details are known.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 17 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
8. Rain Noise
8.1. Although rain noise is excluded from the definition of indoor ambient noise in section 1.1 of BB93,
the guidance states that that it is important that rain noise is considered in the roof design as it can
significantly increase the indoor ambient noise level. A BREEAM credit under Hea for suitable
control of rain noise is also available. The new building roof design shall be assessed for suitability
with regard to rain noise mitigation.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 18 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
9. Acoustic Testing
9.1. BB93 recommends acoustic testing is carried out to identify the acoustic performance of completed
spaces. The recommended testing schedule is for 1 in 4 of teaching / study spaces to be tested.
9.2. For this project, it is proposed that a range of acoustic tests shall be carried out to the new build
elements of the development.
9.3. Proposed acoustic testing schedule in line with relevant acoustic testing standards identified in
BB93 as follows:
Airborne sound insulation testing of partitions – 6 no.
Airborne sound insulation testing of floors – 4 no.
Impact sound insulation testing of floors – 4 no.
Indoor ambient noise level testing - 6 no.
Mid-frequency reverberation time testing - 6 no.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 19 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Appendix I – Glossary of Terms
Noise Units
a) Sound Pressure Level and the decibel (dB)
A sound wave is a small fluctuation of atmospheric pressure. The human ear responds to these variations in
pressure, producing the sensation of hearing. The ear can detect a very wide range of pressure variations. In
order to cope with this wide range of pressure variations, a logarithmic scale is used to convert the values into
manageable numbers. Although it might seem unusual to use a logarithmic scale to measure a physical
phenomenon, it has been found that human hearing also responds to sound in an approximately logarithmic
fashion. The dB (decibel) is the logarithmic unit used to describe sound (or noise) levels. The usual range of
sound pressure levels is from 0 dB (threshold of hearing) to 120 dB (threshold of pain).
b) Frequency and hertz (Hz)
As well as the loudness of a sound, the frequency content of a sound is also very important. Frequency is a
measure of the rate of fluctuation of a sound wave. The unit used is cycles per second, or hertz (Hz).
Sometimes large frequency values are written as kilohertz (kHz), where 1 kHz = 1000 Hz.
Young people with normal hearing can hear frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. However, the upper
frequency limit gradually reduces as a person gets older.
Noise Indices
When a noise level is constant and does not fluctuate over time, it can be described adequately by measuring
the dB(A) level. However, when the noise level varies with time, the measured dB(A) level will vary as well. In
this case it is therefore not possible to represent the noise climate with a simple dB(A) value. In order to
describe noise where the level is continuously varying, a number of other indices, including statistical
parameters, are used. The indices used in this report are described below.
LAeq - This is the A-weighted 'equivalent continuous noise level' which is an average of the total sound energy
measured over a specified time period. In other words, LAeq is the level of a continuous noise which has the
same total (A-weighted) energy as the real fluctuating noise, measured over the same time period. It is
increasingly being used as the preferred parameter for all forms of environmental noise.
Tmf - The reverberation time of a space is a measure of the rate at which sound decays. It is defined as the time
taken for the sound pressure level to reduce by 60dB. BB93 specifies reverberation time in terms of the mid-
frequency reverberation time, Tmf, the arithmetic average of the reverberation times in the 500 Hz, 1 kHz and 2
kHz octave bands.
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 20 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
DnT(Tmf,max) - DnT is the difference in sound levels in dB between the source and receiving room, standardised to
a reference reverberation time, T0. When measuring sound insulation between dwellings T0 is usually taken as
0.5 seconds. However, T0 is specified in BB93 as the maximum value of Tmf, given in Table 1.5, and hence the
descriptor is written as DnT(Tmf,max).
Sound Reduction Index, R - This describes the sound transmitted through an element, such as a wall, door or
window. It is measured in a laboratory with suppressed flanking transmission.
L’nT(Tmf,max) - L’nT is the impact sound pressure level in the receiving room, standardised to a reference
reverberation time, T0. Again, T0 is specified as the maximum value of Tmf, given in Table 1.5, and hence the
descriptor is written as L’nT(Tmf,max).
Single number weighted values - all the measures of sound insulation described above will vary according to
frequency. They are typically measured in 1/3 octave bands between 100 Hz and 3.15 kHz, and reduced to a
single number quantity using the rating curves contained in BS EN ISO 717-1:1997 (for airborne sound
insulation) and BS EN ISO 717-2:1997 (for impact sound insulation).
Project: BSD UTC, Burton upon Trent
Department: Acoustics
Report Ref: HRS117828-AC-3v3 HRS Contact: Silvio Murgia
Page: 21 of 20 Direct Tel: 0114 228 3540
Appendix II – BB93 Criteria Recommendations
HRS Services Ltd.The MaltingsBurton RoadSheffield S3 8BZ
T: 0114 272 3004F: 0114 272 3003E: [email protected]
Job Title
DrawingTitle
HRS ServicesBB93 recommendations mark-up
BSD UTC, Burton upon TrentHRS ref: 117828
Indoor ambient noise level upper limitdB LAeq,30min
Symbols shaded grey arenon-mandatory, guidance only
For horizontal sound transmission inthe direction of the arrow:
'aa' is the BB93 soundinsulation requirement DnT(Tmf,max),w
'bb' is the BB93 soundinsulation requirement DnT(Tmf,max),w
Symbols shaded grey arenon-mandatory, guidance only
Between circulation spaces and other spacesused by pupils:
'aa' is the proposed value of Rw forpartition walls
'bb' is the BB93 sound insulationrequirement, Rw
aa/bb
30dB Rw
35dB Rw
For vertical sound transmission, through thefloor/ceiling above, in the direction of the arrow:
'aa' is the BB93 sound insulationrequirement DnT(Tmf,max),w
'bb' is the BB93 sound insulationrequirement DnT(Tmf,max),w
Symbols shaded grey are non-mandatory,guidance only
'aa' is the estimated weighted BB93standardized impact sound pressure level,L'nt(Tmf,max),w of floors above rooms
Symbols shaded grey are non-mandatory,guidance only
Maximum mid frequencyreverberation timeTmf (seconds)
Symbols shaded grey arenon-mandatory, guidance only
<#.#
Version: 117828 2v3 Date: 14.05.14
<#.#
##
Notes:
Rw is the laboratory measured airborne soundinsulation performance of separating partitions
DnT(Tmf,max),w is the in-situ measured airborne soundinsulation performance of separating partitions
L'nt(Tmf,max),w is the in-situ measured impact soundinsulation performance of floors
aa
##
Doors (Including Glazing / Vision Panels
Partitions (including any glazing):
Solid line denotes mandatory requirement.Dashed line denotes guidance only.
Between circulation spaces and other spacesused by pupils
Dashed outline denotes guidance only.
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa
aa/bb
aa/bb
40 Rw (dB)
45 Rw (dB)
53 Rw (dB)
63 Rw (dB)
70 Rw (dB)
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
aa/bb
Burton & South Derbyshire UTCBurton upon Trent
BAM
HRS Services
BB93 Acoustic recommendations mark-up
117828 2v3
project originator zone level type number revrole
-GA Plans - Ground Floor
bba project ref
BAM ConstructionBurton & South Derbyshire UTC datedrawn checked drawing name
02001BBA A
suit
BSD P7
scale
13-183 - - - - -
Activity & Fitness Studio033Area: 161 m2
Staircase038Area: 32 m2
Staff029Area: 4 m2
Staff030Area: 5 m2
Changing028Area: 44 m2
Changing027Area: 44 m2
5.00 %
12
B B
H H
A A
C C
F F
D D
1,8461222,47015310,08015316,4001532,3931404,9901404,990420
468
7,99
712
25,
000
153
9,82
052
2
46.82
46.82
46.8246.82
46.42 46.42
46.42
46.42
46.82
46.82 46.8246.82
46.42
CloseOpening
2
Seating Area
Turnstiles / Swipe Card
Lock
ers
5 tie
r
Lockers 5 tier
Lockers 5 tierM
anifo
ld
Manifold Manifold
Manifold
3
13
Sick Bay007Area: 3 m2
Cl. St021Area: 5 m2
Acc. T022Area: 6 m2
St.031Area: 21 m2
Process Production001Area: 202 m2
Lobby006Area: 34 m2
Chair St.035Area: 10 m2
Plant036Area: 11 m2
Performance Monitoring & Biomedical002Area: 117 m2
Acc. T037Area: 4 m2
Toilets025Area: 36 m2
Lift020Area: 2 m2
1 to 1018Area: 6 m2
R019Area: 2 m2
1 to 1014Area: 6 m2
R015Area: 2 m2
Repro009Area: 12 m2
G. Office & Reception008Area: 37 m2
Circulation040Area: 139 m2
Acc. T005Area: 5 m2
Interview004Area: 8 m2
Hub042Area: 44 m2
Hub040Area: 34 m2
St.003Area: 7 m2
Servery016Area: 12 m2
E E
14
14
13
13
12
12
10
10
7
7
5
5
8
8
9
9
4
4
1
1
2
2
3
3
G G
11
11
11a
11a
6
6
2,00
012
21,
500
122
2,17
512
21,
656
122
300
5,00
015
31,
500
140
6,84
014
01,
200
468
46825,25716514,2421224,073122
High Benching
Lecture Theatre034Area: 75 m2
Main Dining026Area: 145 m2Circulation
Area: 78 m2
Kitchen024Area: 100 m2
Circulation017Area: 27 m2
Seminar013Area: 44 m2
Site Man & St012Area: 20 m2
Principal010Area: 17 m2
PA011Area: 10 m2
Hub041Area: 50 m2
Water Station032Area: 3 m2
St039Area: 2 m2
Seminar023Area: 43 m2
Z0 00 DR1:[email protected] S2
<0.835
<0.835
<1.040
<1.040<0.835
<0.835
<1.550
<1.545
<1.550
<1.040
<1.545 <1.545
50
<1.5
50
<0.840 <0.840
<1.540
<0.830
<1.040
50
<1.040
<0.835
Serving hatchRecommended minimum
sound reductionperformance 18dB Rw
<1.040
<1.040
<1.5 <1.5
50 <1.5
<0.835
50
<1.5
<1.040
project originator zone level type number revrole
-GA Plans - First Floor
bba project ref
BAM ConstructionBurton & South Derbyshire UTC datedrawn checked drawing name
02001BBA A
suit
BSD P8
scale
13-183 - - - - -
B B
H H
A A
C C
F F
D D
4683,97015310,08015316,40015312,92115310,605
44011,93512220,72912212,951122
440
6,80
012
23,
075
122
5,00
015
32,
500
122
3,17
84,
020
50.49
BoltedSafe
Lockers 5 tier
Lockers 5 tier
Staircase128Area: 32 m2
Acc. T127Area: 4 m2
Showcase Lab 02101Area: 86 m2
Learning Base107Area: 51 m2
Staff Cur. Office109Area: 42 m2
Lift116Area: 2 m2
Female T119Area: 20 m2
Male T118Area: 21 m2
Exams/Rec110Area: 12 m2
Acc. T114Area: 6 m2
Circulation115Area: 80 m2
Employer111Area: 31 m2
Cl. St113Area: 5 m2
Server121Area: 23 m2
Food Science122Area: 90 m2
Lab 01105Area: 90 m2
IT120Area: 6 m2
Radioactive St.102Area: 5 m2Riser
142Area: 2 m2
Riser144Area: 2 m2
Riser143Area: 2 m2
Riser140Area: 6 m2
Creative Lab104Area: 141 m2
Riser135Area: 2 m2
St.141Area: 5 m2
St.139Area: 4 m2
Riser136Area: 2 m2
St.123Area: 11 m2
St.124Area: 16 m2
St.137Area: 4 m2
St.134Area: 3 m2
Chair St.126Area: 4 m2
RArea: 1 m2
E E
14
14
13
13
12
12
10
10
7
7
5
5
8
8
9
9
4
4
1
1
2
2
3
3
G G
11
11
11a
11a
6
6
440
6,80
012
297
612
22,
100
5,00
015
39,
820
522
440
6,80
012
267
6122
300
2,10
05,
000
300
122
2,62
912
26,
800
522
Void over Dining
Raked LectureTheatre
Void over Hub
Void over Dining
Void overEntrance
Lobby
Void overActivity Studio
Circulation132Area: 153 m2
Science Studio106Area: 67 m2
Seminar108Area: 45 m2
Learning Base112Area: 57 m2
RArea: 1 m2
Admin St.117Area: 4 m2
Hub131Area: 46 m2
Lecture Theatre125Area: 46 m2
Hub130Area: 22 m2
Boardroom103Area: 15 m2
Hub129Area: 12 m2
Water Station138Area: 1 m2
Hub130Area: 45 m2
Z0 01 DR1:[email protected] S2
<0.835
<1.040
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<0.835
<0.835
<0.840<0.840 <0.840
<0.840
<0.840
<0.835
<1.040
<0.830
<1.040
<1.040
<0.835
project originator zone level type number revrole
-GA Plans - Second Floor
bba project ref
BAM ConstructionBurton & South Derbyshire UTC datedrawn checked drawing name
02001BBA A
suit
BSD P8
scale
13-183 - - - - -
Hub231Area: 62 m2
B B
H H
A A
C C
F F
D D
440
6,80
012
297
612
22,
100
5,00
015
39,
820
522
440
6,80
012
297
612
22,
100
5,00
030
012
24,
653
122
4,77
546
8
53.99
53.99
Slid
ing
scre
en /
serv
ery
Boo
ks 5
she
lves
Lockers 5 tier
Riser
Ope
ning
Ope
ning
Opening
Lockers 5 tier
Opening
Acc. T226Area: 4 m2
Staircase227Area: 32 m2
Acc. T214Area: 6 m2
Cl. St213Area: 5 m2
Concept Lab225Area: 79 m2
Showcase Lab 03201Area: 86 m2
Lift234Area: 2 m2
Lab 02204Area: 125 m2
Male T217Area: 21 m2
Female T218Area: 22 m2
Circulation215Area: 81 m2
Staircase219Area: 32 m2
RArea: 1 m2
RArea: 1 m2
Admin St.216Area: 4 m2
Hub232Area: 28 m2
IT Hub202Area: 5 m2
Riser242Area: 2 m2
Prep205Area: 33 m2
Lab 01206Area: 59 m2
Tech Lab (CNC)223Area: 69 m2
Tech Lab (CNC)224Area: 66 m2
St.241Area: 5 m2
Riser240Area: 6 m2
St.237Area: 4 m2
Riser235Area: 2 m2
Riser244Area: 4 m2
Riser245Area: 2 m2
Store / Prep220Area: 38 m2
Product Design222Area: 75 m2
Rapid Prototype221Area: 40 m2
Riser243Area: 2 m2
Group Room238Area: 7 m2
Water Station236Area: 1 m2St.
234Area: 3 m2
Group Room239Area: 7 m2
E E
14
14
13
13
12
12
10
10
7
7
5
5
8
8
9
9
4
4
1
1
2
2
3
3
G G
11
11
11a
11a
6
6
4983,9701538,3711537,0491537,4041537,7091228,59415310,4052004,859
4,428 298 122 8,327 122 4,204 122 7,182 122 3,000 122 3,000 122 7,182 122 11,935 440
Void over Dining
Void over Hub
Circulation230Area: 165 m2
Hub233Area: 46 m2
Learning Base212Area: 57 m2
Staff Prof. Office209Area: 75 m2
Learning Base208Area: 50 m2
IT Tech210Area: 12 m2
Science Studio207Area: 67 m2
Hub228Area: 12 m2
Boardroom203Area: 15 m2
Hub229Area: 17 m2
Learning Base211Area: 44 m2
Z0 02 DR1:[email protected] S2
<0.840
<0.840
<1.040
<1.040
<0.840<0.840
<0.840
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<1.5
50
<0.835
<0.835
<0.835
<0.835 <0.840
<1.040<1.040
<0.840
<1.040
<0.840
project originator zone level type number revrole
-GA Plans - Third Floor
bba project ref
BAM ConstructionBurton & South Derbyshire UTC datedrawn checked drawing name
02001BBA A
suit
BSD P8
scale
13-183 - - - - -
B B
H H
A A
C C
F F
D D
200
5,817 1,845 3,329 4,024 600 1,200 600 4,024 600 2,897 6002,
000
600
3,55
060
01,
213
2,95
63,
550
5,14
560
02,
278
600
2,00
0
57.77
Lower Section ofRoof
Rooflight
Lower Section ofRoof
Rooflight
Rooflight
2m H
igh
Scr
eeni
ng
Rooflight
M&E Upstand M&E Upstand
M&E Upstand M&E UpstandM&E Upstand
Planting Pots to form barrier
Benching
Benching
Planting Pots to form barrier
M&E Upstand
RaisedPlanter
Ben
chin
g
Ben
chin
g
Rooflight
Full extent of rooflights, layout and detail to beagreed following daylight assessment
Light fittingfinal detail andlocation TBA
Light fittingfinal detail andlocation TBA
Fixed TableFinal number and
location TBA
Fixed TableFinal number and
location TBA
Fixed TableFinal number and
location TBA
Fixed TableFinal number and
location TBA
Fixed TableFinal number and
location TBA
Meeting306Area: 12 m2
Lift317Area: 2 m2
Cafe316Area: 65 m2
Toilets314Area: 22 m2
Circulation307Area: 77 m2
MI305Area: 12 m2
Toilets312Area: 22 m2
Acc. T313Area: 3 m2
Staircase315Area: 32 m2
RArea: 1 m2
RArea: 1 m2
SENco303Area: 21 m2
SEN Resources304Area: 11 m2
E E
14
14
13
13
12
12
10
10
7
7
5
5
8
8
9
9
4
4
1
1
2
2
3
3
G G
11
11
11a
11a
6
6
Science Studio301Area: 67 m2Learning Base
302Area: 50 m2
Cafe308Area: 32 m2
Learning Base309Area: 44 m2
Learning Base311Area: 59 m2
Servery310Area: 12 m2
Z0 03 DR1:[email protected] S2
<0.835
<0.835
<0.835
<0.835
<1.045
Serving hatchRecommended minimum soundreduction performance 18dB Rw
<1.040
<0.835
<1.045
<1.5
50
<1.5
50<1.5
50
<0.835