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1.
2. 2.1.
2.2.
2.3.
3.
3.1.
3.2.
3.3.
4. -
4.1.
4.2. RC
4.3.
5. ,
6.
7.
8.
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1.
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1.
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1.3.
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2. 1.
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3.2.
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5- 30-
12,7- 76,2 .
'casing' .
.
rotary drills .
10 .
1970
.
After drilling the well, 'tubing' (smaller diameter pipe, from 2.5 to 7 inch
diameter) is typically run into the well and packed off at the base, inside the casing.
The well produces up through the tubing. This arrangement provides a redundant
barrier to leaks of hydrocarbons as well as allowing damaged sections to be
replaced.
:
- production wells -
,
- appraisal wells-
- exploration wells-
.
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotary_drill&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotary_drill&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotary_drill&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rotary_drill&action=edit -
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5
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Conventional Drilling
.
Horizontal Drilling
.
, , .
Slant Drilling
( 30- 45).
.
:
.
.
Directional Drilling
,
, .
.
Conventional
SlantHorizontal
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3.3.
3
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1.
2.
3.
1.
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219 - 300
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2.
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3.
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4. -
,
- (wire line)
( -diamond core drilling),
- ( -RC-reverce circulation ),
(-cable tool
drilling) .
1912 ..
1950-
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, -
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450- 100-
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3000 .
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.
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-
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,
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,
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.
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. ( 3.1.).
.
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f=6-14 .
,
1. (Surface Wireline Core)
2. (Underground
Wireline Core Drilling)
3. , (Reverse Circulation)
4. (Deviation or/and navigation Drilling)
5. (Directional Drilling)
6. (Mud rotary drilling)
7. (RAB drilling)
8. (Auger drilling)
9. (conventional core drilling)
10. (Multipurpose Drilling hole) ,
.
()
1950 -
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(wireline core system) , - (c
)
, .
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,
.
(core tube) (wireline)
(overshot) .
- 1980-
.
.
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,
,
,
.
500 800
. 1997
(1000) (17)
.
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1981
1986
(wedging tool and navi motor) (bottom
hole camera and gyro)
.
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1700 33 .
,
,
.
(RC) (PCD drilling)
, .
.
400 , PQ
, .
, 4, 5
(W wall rod) 6-12 (cllr),
12-17 (cross over sub or stabilizer) 12-17
(PCD bit) (roller bit)
60
.
-50 .
1000
.
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1.
rock chips-
core samples-
percussion-
Cable tool drilling-
Conventional- ,
Vertical- ,
Slant-
Horizontal-
Reverse circulation (RC) drilling-
Auger drilling-
Centrifugal-
Penetration-,
Spin-
Bailer- ,
Collar-
Bit-
Drilling rig-
Stabilizer-
Pipe-,
Reel-,
Hydraulic-
Derrick-
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,
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,
.
, know-how
,
.
.
, ,
,
.
,
, , ,
( - )
!
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www.Google.com
www.Wikipedia.com
www.mda.mn
. - ,2011 75
. ,
.
-
http://www.google.com/http://www.google.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.mda.mn/http://www.mda.mn/http://www.mda.mn/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.google.com/ -
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